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Role of lPS/CD14/TlR4-mediated inflammation in necrotizing enterocolitis:Pathogenesis and therapeutic implications

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第38期15卷 4745-4752页

作者： kwong l.chan kwong F Wong John M luk Department of Surgery The University of Hong Kong Division of Paediatric Surgery Queen Mary Hospital Department of Pharmacology and Department of Surgery National University Health SystemNational University of SingaporeMD11 #05-1210 Medical Drive

AIM:To establish the roles of lipopolysaccharide (lPS)/CD14/toll-like receptor 4 (TlR4)-mediated inflammation in a rat model of human necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).METHODS: Six pairs of intestinal samples from human NEC were collected before and after recovery for histological and molecular analysis of inflammatory cytokines and signaling components. In the rat NEC model, we isolated 10-cm jejunum segments and divided them into six groups (n=6) for sham operation, treatment with lPS, bowel distension, combined bowel distension and lPS stimulation, and two therapeutic groups. The potential eff icacy of a recombinant CD18 peptide and a monoclonal CD14 antibody was evaluated in the latter two groups. The serum and tissue levels of several inflammatory mediators were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction, ElISA and ***: Human acute phase NEC tissues displayed significant increases (Plevels of TlR4, CD14, myeloid differentiation protein (MD)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and nuclear factor-κB when compared to those after recovery. The histological and inflammatory picture of human NEC was reproduced in rats that were treated with combined bowel distension and lPS, but not in the sham-operated and other control rats. Serum levels of interleukin-6 and TNF-α were also elevated. The NEC pathology was attenuated by treating the NEC rats with a monoclonal CD14 antibody or an lPS-neutralizing ***:lPS and distension are required to produce the histological and inflammatory features of NEC. A potential treatment option is blocking lPS activation and leukocyte infi ltration.

关键词： CD14 antigen lipopolysaccharide Necrotizing enterocolitis Pathogenesis Therapy Toll-like receptor 4

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Control of settlement and volume loss induced by tunneling under recently reclaimed land

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Underground Space 2019年第4期4卷 289-301页

作者： A.K.l.kwong C.C.W.Ng A.Schwob AECOM Hong KongChina Dragages-Bouygues Joint Venture Hong KongChina

The proposed Tuen Mun-Chek lap Kok link(TM-ClKl)project comprises a 9-km-long dual two-lane carriageway between Tuen Mun and North lantau,Hong *** of the two tunnels at the Northern landfall Fall was carried out by two TBMs:the northbound is referred to as Ml03 and has an excavated diameter of 17.63 m,and the southbound is referred to as Ml02 and has an excavated diameter of 14.00 *** use of TBMs minimized the amount of dredging and removal of soft marine deposits,resulting in less impact to the environment within and near the work site of the *** treatment in the form of deep vibro-compaction was carried out at the sand fill and band drains installed in the marine deposit.A surcharge was also added above the final formation level to limit the residual settlement and differential settlement of the reclaimed land to less than 500 mm and 1 in 300,respectively,for a design life of 50 *** element analyses were performed to predict the settlement trough under different confinement pressures along the tunnel *** monitoring of the ground movement was carried out during the driving of the two TBMs to ensure that the design confinement pressure of the slurry would not cause excessive settlement,heave,or blow out at the shallow tunnel sections or different facilities along the tunnel *** monitoring data was then used to back-calculate the percentage of volume loss,which is a key index describing the behavior of the ground during *** monitoring data showed that the measured settlement and back-calculated volume loss were much lower than the predicted values.

关键词： TBM excavation Settlement trough Volume loss Ground treatment Confinement pressure

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Identification of the 2l2l′nl ″^(2)P^(0) Hollow lithium Systems

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Chinese Physics letters 1998年第5期15卷 332-334页

作者： kwong T.Chung GOU Bing-cong Department of Physics North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695-8202U.S.A Department of Applied Physics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081

In a recent letter[*** et al.,***.76,30(1996)],first experimental determination of the partial photoionization cross sections of lithium near the hollow atomic states was *** extensive R-matrix calculation has also been carried out for the 2l2l′nl ″^(2)P^(0) hollow states and assignments for the excited states have been ***,these assignments are substantially different from those of other theoretical *** points out the need for more information and discussion which are necessary for a meaningful comparison.

关键词： methods. assignment states

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Highlights on FOXO3 and tumor-associated dendritic ：ells in prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第5期13卷 657-658页

作者： kwong Y Tsang James l Gulley laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology Centerfor Cancer Research National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of Health Bethesda M D 20892 USA

Cancer immunotherapy sometimes fails to provoke effective immune responsesbecause of immunosuppressive mechanisms present in the tumor-bearing host. Dendritic cells （DCs） are the most potent antigenpresenting cells....

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Profiles and removal efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by two different types of sewage treatment plants in Hong Kong

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第3期29卷 196-206页

作者： Yu Bon Man Ka lai Chow Zhang Cheng Wing Yin Mo Yung Hau chan James Chung Wah lam Frankie Tat kwong lau Wing Cheong Fung Ming Hung Wong Consortium on Health EnvironmentEducation and Research(CHEER)and Department of Science and Environmental StudiesThe Education University of Hong KongTai PoHong KongChina Department of Environmental Engineering Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510630China State Key laboratory in Marine Pollution Croucher Institute for Environmental SciencesHong Kong Baptist University and City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong KongChina Department of Geography Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong KongChina College of Environment Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China State Key laboratory in Marine Pollution and Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health City University of Hong KongKowioon TongHong KongChina The Drainage Services Department The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionHong KongChina

Sewage discharge could be a major source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in the coastal waters. Stonecutters Island and Shatin Sewage Treatment Works （SCISTW and STSTW） in Hong Kong, adopted chemically enhanced primary treatment and biological treatment, respectively. This study aimed at （1） determining the removal efficiencies of PAHs, （2） comparing the capabilities in removing PAHs, and （3） characterizing the profile of each individual PAHs, in the two sewage treatment plants （STPs）. Quantification of 16 PAHs was conducted by a Gas Chromatography. The concentrations of total PAHs decreased gradually along the treatment processes （from 301 ± 255 and 307 ± 217 ns/l to 14.9 ± 12.1 and 63.3 ± 54.1 ng/l in STSTW and SCISTW, respectively）. It was noted that STSTW was more capable in removing total PAHs than SCISTW with average total removal effidency 94.4% ± 4.12% us. 79.2% ± 7.48% （p 〈 0.05）. The removal of PAHs was probably due to sorption in particular matter, confirmed by the higher distribution coefficient of individual and total PAHs in solid samples （dewatered sludge contained 92.5% and 74.7% of total PAHs in SCISTW and STSTW, respectively） than liquid samples （final efffluent-total contained 7.53% and 25.3% of total PAHs in STSTW and SCISTW, respectively）. Despite the impressive capability of STSTW and SCISTW in removing PAHs, there was still a considerable amount of total PAHs （1.85 and 39.3 ks/year, respectively for the two STPs） being discharged into Hone Kon coastal waters, which would be an environmental concern.

关键词： Sewage treatment plantsPAHsRemoval efficiencySludgeSewage

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Racial/ethnic disparities in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment and survival in California, 1988-2012

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第38期22卷 8584-8595页

作者： Susan l Stewart Sandy l kwong Christopher l Bowlus Tung T Nguyen Annette E Maxwell Roshan Bastani Eric W Chak Moon S Chen Jr Division of Biostatistics Department of Public Health SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaDavis School of Medicine Sacramenio CA 95817 United States California Department of Public Health Sacramenio CA 95817 United States Tung Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavis School of Medicine Sacramenio CA 95817 United States Division of General Internal Medicine University of California San Francisco CA 94101 United States UClA Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Equity Fielding School of Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California Los Angeles CA 90095 United States Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavis School of MedicineSacramento CA 95817 United States Cancer Control/Cancer Health Disparities University of CaliforniaDavis Comprehensive Cancer CenterSacramento CA 95817 United States

AIM To describe racial/ethnic differences in treatment and survival among liver cancer patients in a populationbased cancer *** Invasive cases of primary hepatocellular carcinoma, n = 33270, diagnosed between January 1, 1988-December 31, 2012 and reported to the California Cancer Registry were analyzed by race/ethnicity, age, gender, geographical region, socio-economic status, time period of diagnosis, stage, surgical treatment, and survival. Patients were classified into 15 racial/ethnic groups: non-Hispanic White(White, n = 12710), Hispanic(n = 8500), Chinese(n = 2723), non-Hispanic Black(Black, n = 2609), Vietnamese(n = 2063), Filipino(n = 1479), Korean(n = 1099), Japanese(n = 658), American Indian/Alaskan Native(AIAN, n = 281), laotian/Hmong (n = 244), Cambodian(n = 233), South Asian(n = 190), Hawai`ian/Pacific Islander(n = 172), Thai(n = 95), and Other Asian(n = 214). The main outcome measures were receipt of surgical treatment, and cause-specific and all-cause *** After adjustment for socio-demographic characteristics, time period, and stage of disease, compared to Whites, laotian/Hmong [odds ratio(OR) = 0.30, 95%CI: 0.17-0.53], Cambodian(OR = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.45-0.96), AIAN(OR = 0.66, 95%CI: 0.46-0.93), Black(OR = 0.76, 95%CI: 0.67-0.86), and Hispanic(OR = 0.78, 95%CI: 0.72-0.84) patients were less likely, whereas Chinese(OR = 1.58, 95%CI: 1.42-1.77), Koreans(OR = 1.45, 95%CI: 1.24-1.70), Japanese(OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.15-1.72), and Vietnamese(OR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.12-1.42) were more likely to receive surgical treatment. After adjustment for the same covariates and treatment, cause-specific mortality was higher for laotian/Hmong [(hazard ratio(HR) = 1.50, 95%CI: 1.29-1.73)], Cambodians(HR = 1.35, 95%CI: 1.16-1.58), and Blacks(HR = 1.07, 95%CI: 1.01-1.13), and lower for Chinese(HR = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.77-0.86), Filipinos(HR = 0.84, 95%CI: 0.78-0.90), Vietnamese(HR = 0.85, 95%CI: 0.80-0.90), Koreans(HR = 0.90, 95%CI: 0.83-0.97), and Hispanics(H

关键词： Disparities Treatment Survival liver cancer Hepatocellular carcinoma

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Optimal decentralized control of large scale systems

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Control Theory and Technology 2016年第4期14卷 287-313页

作者： Xiao Qi SHI Daniel E. DAVISON Raymond kwong Edward J. DAVISON Systems Control Group Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto Ontario Canada MSS 3G4 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Ontario Canada N2L 3G1

This paper presents a new optimized decentralized controller design method for solving the tracking and disturbance rejection problems for large-scale linear time-invariant systems, using only low-order decentralized controllers. To illustrate the type of results which can be obtained using the new optimized decentralized control design method, the control of a large flexible space structure is studied and compared with the standard centralized lQR-observer controller. The order of the resultant decentralized controller is much smaller than that of the standard centralized lQR-observer controller. The proposed controller also has certain fail-safe properties and, in addition, it can be five orders of magnitude more robust than the standard lQR-observer controller based on their real stability radii. The new decentralized controller design method is applied to a large flexible space structure system with 5 inputs and 5 outputs and of order 24.

关键词： Decentralized control multivariable control PID control robustness optimization large-scale systems flexiblestructures

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lOX upregulates FAK phosphorylation to promote metastasis in osteosarcoma

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第1期10卷 254-266页

作者： Xiang Chen Margaret Clement MJohn Hicks Poonam Sarkar MWaleed Gaber Tsz-kwong Man Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of MedicineOne Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Pathology Baylor College of MedicineOne Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA Dan l.Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center 7200 Cambridge StreetHoustonTX 77054USA Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers 1102 Bates StHoustonTX 77030USA

Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor that commonly occurs in the pediatric *** the use of chemotherapy and surgery,metastasis remains to be the leading cause of death in patients with *** have previously reported that cytoplasmic mislocalization of p27 is associated with a poor outcome in *** this study,we further show that lysyl oxidase(lOx)expression was associated with p27 *** is an enigmatic molecule that acts as a tumor suppressor or a metastatic promoter;however,its role in osteosarcoma is still ***,we performed both in vitro and in vivo analyses to dissect the role of lox in *** result of our survival analysis indicated that lox expression significantly correlated with a poor outcome in osteosarcoma with or without controlling for the initial metastasis status(Plly,we found that higher loX expression promoted osteosarcoma cell proliferation,migration,and invasiveness in vitro and produced a higher number of mice with pulmonary metastases in an orthotopic xenograft mouse ***,phospho-FAK was increased in osteosarcoma cells with high lOX *** results further showed that FAK inhibition significantly reduced tumor cell proliferation and migration in vitro as well as loX-mediated metastasis in ***,our findings suggest that there is a novel link between p27 mislocalization and lOX *** plays a pivotal role in osteosarcoma metastasis by upregulating FAK *** inhibition may constitute a promising therapeutic strategy to reduce the development of metastasis in osteosarcoma with lox overexpression.

关键词： Focal adhesion kinase lysyl oxidase Metastasis Osteosarcoma

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HfO_2 Gate Dielectrics for Future Generation of CMOS Device Application

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Journal of Semiconductors 2004年第10期25卷 1193-1204页

作者： H.Y.Yu J.F.Kang Ren Chi M.F.li D.l.kwong Silicon Nano Device laboratory Department of Electrical & Computer Engineerin gNUSSingapore 119260SingaporeInstitute of MicroelectronicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871ChinaSilicon Nano Device LaboratoryDepartment of Electrical & Computer Engineerin gNUSSingapore 119260SingaporeSilicon Nano Device LaboratoryDepartment of Electrical & Computer Engineerin gNUSSingapore 119260SingaporeInstitute of MicroelectronicsSingapore 117685SingaporeDepartment of Electrical & Computer EngineeringThe University of TexasAust inTX 78752USA

The material and electrical properties of HfO 2 hi gh-k gate dielectric are *** the first part,the band alignment of H fO 2 and (HfO 2) x(Al 2O 3) 1-x to (100)Si substrate and thei r thermal stability are studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and *** energy gap of (HfO 2) x(Al 2O 3) 1-x,the valence band offset, and the conduction band offset between (HfO 2) x(Al 2O 3) 1-x and the Si substrate as functions of x are obtained based on the XPS results .Our XPS results also demonstrate that both the thermal stability and the resist ance to oxygen diffusion of HfO 2 are improved by adding Al to form Hf aluminat *** the second part,a thermally stable and high quality HfN/HfO 2 gate stack is *** changes in equivalent oxide thickness (EOT),gate leakage, and work function (close to Si mid-gap) of HfN/HfO 2 gate stack are demonstrat ed even after 1000℃ post-metal annealing(PMA),which is attributed to the super ior oxygen diffusion barrier of HfN as well as the thermal stability of the HfN/ HfO 2 ***,even without surface nitridation prior to HfO 2 depo sition,the EOT of HfN/HfO 2 gate stack has been successfully scaled down to les s than 1nm after 1000℃ PMA with excellent leakage and long-term reliability.T he last part demonstrates a novel replacement gate process employing a HfN dummy gate and sub-1nm EOT HfO 2 gate *** excellent thermal stability of the HfN/HfO 2 gate stack enables its use in high temperature CMOS *** e replacement of HfN with other metal gate materials with work functions adequat e for n- and p-MOS is facilitated by a high etch selectivity of HfN with respe ct to HfO 2,without any degradation to the EOT,gate leakage,or TDDB characteris tics of HfO 2.

关键词： HfO2 CMOS TDDB TEM XPS Al2O3 PMA

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Theoretical Calculations on the Second-order Nonlinear Optical Property of Chiral Bis-corroles

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2007年第8期26卷 955-961页

作者： YING Xiao DENG Qin lIAO Shi-Jun HU Xi-Ming lIU Hai-Yang chanG Chi-kwong Department of Applied Physics South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China Department of Applied Chemistry South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China Department of Chemistry The Hongkong University of Science and Technology Hongkong China

The second-order nonlinear optical （NlO） properties of 5,10,15-triphenylcorrole （TPC）, 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin （TPP） and l-amino acid bridged bis-corroles 1,2,3 and 4 have been calculated by using TDHF/PM3 method based on the RHF/6-31G （TPC and TPP） or semiempirical PM3 （1, 2, 3, 4） optimized geometries. Calculation results showed TPC and TPP have C1 and D2h symmetry, respectively when N-H protons are localized on the nitrogen atoms. TPC is the second-order NlO active chromophore due to the cancellation of centrosymmetrical structure and its first hyperpolarizability β increases to 11.524×10^-30 esu. Under electrical dipole approximation, βvalues of bis-corroles 1, 2, 3 and 4 vary from 9.831×10^-30 to 14.221×10^-30 esu, and no much improvement in the first hyperpolarizability was observed as compared to TPC ***, β values of bis-corroles 1, 2, 3 and 4 are improved by about 4 times as compared to their bis-porphyrin counterparts. The analysis of β components indicates that β of this kind of bis-corroles is mainly contributed from its radial component βr. With the variation of amino acid side chains, βHRS, β,βxyz, βr and βa of bis-corroles change remarkably. Chiral l-amino acid bridged bis-corroles 2, 3 and 4 have a right-handed helix structure, and their chiral component βxyz matches βxyz ∝ r^2 ζ/l^4 （helix parameters）, showing the second-order chiral NlO response of these bis-corroles could be described by one-electron helical model theory. It was found that the radial component βr of chiral helix bis-corroles also matches βr ∝ r^2 ζ/l^4.

关键词： corrole amino acid chiral bis-corrole the second-order NlO TDHF/PM3

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