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A combined evaluation of the characteristics and antibiotic resistance induction potential of antibiotic wastewater during the treatment process

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 626-636页

作者： Sun Miao Yanyan Zhang Cong men Yiou Mao Jiane Zuo State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Energy and Environmental Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial PollutantsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China High School Affiliated to Renmin University of China Beijing 100080China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen 518055China

Antibiotic wastewater contains a variety of pollutant stressors that can induce and promote antibiotic resistance(AR)when released into the environment.Although these substances are mostly in concentrations lower than those known to induce AR individually,it is possible that antibiotic wastewater discharge might still promote the AR transmission risk via additive or synergistic effects.However,the comprehensive effect of antibiotic wastewater on AR development has rarely been evaluated,and its treatment efficiency remains unknown.Here,samples were collected from different stages of a cephalosporin production wastewater treatment plant,and the potential AR induction effect of their chemical mixtures was explored through the exposure of the antibiotic-sensitive Escherichia coli K12 strain.Incubation with raw cephalosporin production wastewater significantly promoted mutation rates(3.6×10^(3)-9.3×10^(3)-fold)and minimum inhibition concentrations(6.0-6.7-fold)of E.coli against ampicillin and chloramphenicol.This may be attributed to the inhibition effect and oxidative stress of cephalosporin wastewater on E.coli.The AR induction effect of cephalosporin wastewater decreased after the coagulation sedimentation treatment and was completely removed after the full treatment process.A Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the reduction in the AR induction effect had a strong positive correlation with the removal of organics and biological toxicity.This indicates that the antibiotic wastewater treatment had a collaborative processing effect of conventional pollutants,toxicity,and the AR induction effect.This study illustrates the potential AR transmission risk of antibiotic wastewater and highlights the need for its adequate treatment.

关键词： Antibiotic wastewater treatment plant Antibiotic resistance Antibiotic resistance induction effect Correlation analysis Biological toxicity

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Control of 2-D Semi-Markov Jump Systems:A View from Mode Generation Mechanism

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 258-260页

作者： Yunzhe men Jian Sun Jie Chen the National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems the School of AutomationBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081 the Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center Chongqing 401120China the Department of Control Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804 the National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Dear Editor,Two-dimensional(2-D) systems have wide applications in image data processing,gas absorption and fluid dynamics analysis [1]-[3].When there exist abrupt changes in 2-D systems,they are usually modeled by 2-D Markov jump systems(MJSs) or 2-D semi-Markov jump systems(SMJSs).This letter investigates the control of 2-D SMJSs based on a novel mode generation mechanism,which could avoid mode ambiguousness phenomenon caused by the evolution of system mode in two different directions.The criterion that guarantees the almost surely exponential stability of the system is obtained.A thermal process is studied to demonstrate the availability of the proposed method.

关键词： Markov mode system

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Effects of soil metal(loid)s pollution on microbial activities and environmental risks in an abandoned chemical smelting site

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 60-70页

作者： Hao Li Jun Yao Jianli Liu Ning Min Geoffrey Sunahara Dongyang men Robert Duran School of Water Resources and Environment Research Center of Environmental Science and EngineeringChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University21111Lakeshore DriveSte-Anne-de-BellevueQuebecH9X 3V9Canada Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie MELODY groupUniversitéde Pau et des Pays de l’AdourE2S-UPPAIPREM UMR CNRS 5254BP 115564013 Pau CedexFrance

Abandoned chemical smelting sites containing toxic substances can seriously threaten and pose a risk to the surrounding ecological environment.Soil samples were collected from different depths(0 to 13 m)and analyzed for metal(loid)s content and fractionation,as well as microbial activities.The potential ecological risk indices for the different soil depths(ordered from high to low)were:1 m(D-1)>surface(S-0)>5 m(D-5)>13 m(D-13)>9 m(D-9),ranging between 1840.65-13,089.62,and representing extremely high environmental risks,of which Cd(and probably not arsenic)contributed to the highest environmental risk.A modified combined pollution risk index(MCR)combining total content and mobile proportion of metal(loid)s,and relative toxicities,was used to evaluate the degree of contamination and potential environmental risks.For the near-surface samples(S-0 and D-1 layers),the MCR considered that As,Cd,Pb,Sb,and Zn achieved high and alarming degrees of contamination,whereas Fe,Mn,and Ti were negligible or low to moderate pollution degrees.Combined microcalorimetry and enzymatic activity measurements of contaminated soil samples were used to assess the microbial metabolic activity characteristics.Correlation analysis elucidated the relationship between metal(loid)s exchangeable fraction or content and microbial activity characteristics(pments were considered sensitive indicators to reflect the soil microbial activities in abandoned chemical smelting sites.

关键词： Abandoned chemical smelting sites Microbial activities Modified combined pollution risk Microcalorimetry Enzymatic activities

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AlScN films prepared by alloy targets and SAW device characteristics

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第3期41卷 434-439,I0004页

作者： kuo men Hao Liu Xingquan Wang Qian Jia Zhaochong Ding Huating Wu Daogao Wu Yuhua Xiong State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing GRINM Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100088China GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 101402China State Key Laboratory of Non-ferrous Metals and Processes GRINM Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100088China GRIKIN Advanced Material Co.Ltd. Beijing 100220China GRIREM Advanced Materials Co.Ltd. Beijing 100088China

In this paper,we reported a surface acoustic wave(SAW)device prepared and optimized by piezoelectric films containing AIN,AIScN(Sc-20 at%)and AIScN(Sc-30 at%)by reactive magnetron sputtering using Al and AISc alloy targets.We calculated the material intrinsic electromechanical coupling coefficient k_(t)^(2) of AlScN(Sc-20 at%)and AlScN(Sc-30 at%)which are much better than AIN.It can be explained by the lattice softening.Furtherly,the results were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy(TEM)observation of the microstructure.Then the SAW devices based on three thin films were tested by vector network analysis obtaining the device equivalent electro mechanical coupling coefficient k_(eff)^(2).The value of AIScN(Sc-20 at%)k_(eff)^(2),which equals to 1.94%,is higher than that of AIN and AIScN(Sc-30 at%)while the value of AIScN(Sc-30 at%)k_(t)^(2) is higher than that of others.It is shown in our study that the crystallinity and orientation of the material still have a greater impact on k_(eff)^(2) but it does not have influence on k_(t)^(2) in the actual device preparation process.

关键词： AlScN film Alloy targets SAW Electromechanical coupling coefficient k_(t)^(2) Crystallinity Orientation

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Simultaneously quantifying hundreds of acylcarnitines in multiple biological matrices within ten minutes using ultrahigh-performance liquid-chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第1期14卷 140-148页

作者： Jingxian Zhang Qinsheng Chen Lianglong Zhang Biru Shi men Yu Qingxia Huang Huiru Tang State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering School of Life SciencesHuman Phenome InstituteZhangjiang Fudan International Innovation CenterMetabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular PhenomicsZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China Wuhan Laboratory for Shanghai Metabolome Institute(SMI)Ltd. Wuhan430000China

Acylcarnitines are metabolic intermediates of fatty acids and branched-chain amino acids having vital biofunctions and pathophysiological significances. Here, we developed a high-throughput method for quantifying hundreds of acylcarnitines in one run using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). This enabled simultaneous quantification of 1136 acylcarnitines (C0–C26) within 10-min with good sensitivity (limit of detection 0.992), accuracy (relative error 0.998) for predicting retention time (tR) of acylcarnitines with no standards and built a database of their multiple reaction monitoring parameters (tR, ion-pairs, and collision energy). Furthermore, we quantified 514 acylcarnitines in human plasma and urine, mouse kidney, liver, heart, lung, and muscle. This provides a rapid method for quantifying acylcarnitines in multiple biological matrices.

关键词： Acylcarnitine UPLC-MS/MS Quantitative structure-retention relationship Molecular phenotype

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Sparing lung tissue with virtual block method in VMAT planning for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2022年第4期33卷 136-150页

作者： Jia-Yun Chen Da-Quan Wang Xiao-Dong Zhang Qi Fu Xue-Na Yan kuo men Jian-Rong Dai Nan Bi Department of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of Radiation Oncology State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat-Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou 510060China Department of Radiation Physics The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA

This study aimed to exploit a new virtual block method to spare normal lung tissue in VMAT planning for patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer(LA-NSCLC).The previous method was used to manually restrict the angle of the beam passing through,which ignored the location and shape of large targets that varied between different slices and did not block the beamlets precisely.Unlike the previous method,this new virtual block method was used to block the beamlets when necessary by closing the multi-leaf collimator(MLC)at prerequisite angles.The algorithm for closing the MLC depended on the thickness of the beamlets passing through the lungs and avoided only the entrance radiation beamlet.Moreover,this block can be automatically contoured.A retrospective study was performed to compare the VMAT plans with and without the virtual block method for 17 LANSCLC patients,named the block plan(B-plan)/non-block plan(N-plan).All cases were selected in this study because of the large tumor size and unmet dose constraints of the lungs.In addition to the maximum dose constraint for the virtual block,B-plans adopted identical optimization parameters to N-plans for each patient.These two types of plans were compared in terms of dosimetric indices and plan scores.The results were statistically analyzed using the Wilcoxon nonparametric signed-rank test.B-plans have advantages in the following dosimetric metrics that have statistical significance(p<0.05):(1)lower V_(5)/V_(10)/D_(mean)/normal tissue complication probability(NTCP)of total lungs;(2)reductions in V_(5)/V_(10)for the contralateral lung;(3)decrease in Dmean/V_(40)of the heart;(4)decrease in esophagus V_(40);(5)reductions in Dmean,V_(5)/V_(10) of normal tissue.B-plans(82.51±7.07)achieved higher-quality scores than N-plans(80.74±7.22).The new virtual block spared the lungs as well as other normal structures in VMAT planning for LA-NSCLC.Thus,the block method may decrease the risk of radiation-related toxicity in patients.

关键词： Virtual block VMAT Normal tissue sparing Lung cancer

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Boosted Electrocatalytic Glucose Oxidation Reaction on Noble-Metal-Free MoO_(3)-Decorated Carbon Nanotubes

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第1期30卷 63-73页

作者： Yu-Long men Ning Dou Yiyi Zhao Yan Huang Lei Zhang Peng Liu Department of Chemical Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Thyroid Breast and Vascular Surgery Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Affi liated to Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200081China Department of Vascular Surgery Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China

Electrocatalytic glucose oxidation reaction(GOR)has attracted much attention owing to its crucial role in biofuel cell fabrication.Herein,we load MoO_(3)nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes(CNTs)and use a discharge process to prepare a noblemetal-free MC-60 catalyst containing MoO_(3),Mo_(2)C,and a Mo_(2)C–MoO_(3)interface.In the GOR,MC-60 shows activity as high as 745μA/(mmol/L cm^(2)),considerably higher than those of the Pt/CNT(270μA/(mmol/L cm^(2)))and Au/CNT catalysts(110μA/(mmol/L cm^(2))).In the GOR,the response minimum on MC-60 is as low as 8μmol/L,with a steady-state response time of only 3 s.Moreover,MC-60 has superior stability and anti-interference ability to impurities in the GOR.The better performance of MC-60 in the GOR is attributed to the abundant Mo sites bonding to C and O atoms at the MoO_(3)–Mo_(2)C interface.These Mo sites create active sites for promoting glucose adsorption and oxidation,enhancing MC-60 performance in the GOR.Thus,these results help to fabricate more effi cient noble-metal-free catalysts for the fabrication of glucose-based biofuel cells.

关键词： Interface eff ect Electrocatalysis Molybdenum oxide Glucose Oxidation reaction

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Mulberry leaf supplementation inhibits skatole deposition by regulating gut microbiota and upregulating liver cytochrome P4501A1 expression in finishing pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 34-44页

作者： Yuqing Sun Xiaoming men Tianbao Lin Bo Deng Shi Zhong Jinxi Huo Kaipeng Qin Zhiqiang Lv Ziwei Xu Yougui Li Institute of Sericulture and Tea Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Skatole, a strong fecal odor substance, is generated through microbial degradation of tryptophan in the animal hindgut. It easily accumulates in adipose tissue and affects meat quality. In this study, the effect of mulberry leaf supplementation on skatole in finishing pigs was studied. In a 35-day trial, 20 finishing pigs (barrows and gilts) were fed with a basal diet or basal diet with 6% mulberry leaves. Growth performance of the pigs (n=10) was automatically recorded by a performance-testing feeder system and 8 pigs in each treatment were slaughtered and sampled for the remaining tests. Skatole and short-chain fatty acids were detected using HPLC and gas chromatography, respectively. Fecal microbiota were analyzed using 16S r RNA gene sequencing. The metabolomics analysis of feces and serum was performed with UHPLC-MS/MS. The major cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes that catalyze skatole degradation in the liver were tested by using RT-PCR and Western blot. Effects of major bioactive compounds in mulberry leaves on the CYP genes were verified in the hepatic cell line Hep G2 in an in vitro test (n=3). In finishing pigs, mulberry leaf supplementation had no significant effect on the average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed conversion ratio (P>0.05), but reduced skatole levels in feces, serum, and backfat (Pmentation decreased the relative abundance of the skatole-producing bacteria Megasphaera and Olsenella (Pmentation (P<0.05) and was positively correlated with skatole content in feces (P=0.004). In pigs treated with mulberry leaves, liver CYP1A1 expression was increased (P<0.05) and was negatively correlated with skatole content in backfat (P=0.045). The in vitro test demonstrated that mulberry leaf polyphenols and polysaccharides could directly stimulate CYP1A1 expression in h

关键词： Pig Skatole Mulberry leaf Microbiota Cytochrome P450

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Self-powered stimuli responsive material for dual stimulation of heat and guest molecules

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 590-593页

作者： Jintao men Ke Xu Taiting Sha Lei He Yan Xu Jie Mu Tijian Yin Qiong Ye Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China

Stimuli-responsive smart materials exhibit reverse chemical/physical changes in response to external stimuli and research on stimuli-responsive smart materials with self-powered properties is still uncultivated ground.Here,we report perovskite crystalline self-powered multiple stimuli-responsive materials triggered by chemical and thermal stimuli.[HMEP]PbI_(3)·(H_(2)O)(1;HMEP is a hydroxytris(1-methylethyl)phosphorus cation)crystallizes in a chiral space group P 21 at 293 K and has the piezoelectric reaction(d_(33)=10 pC/N and output voltage=1 V)of self-powered modes,this value is larger than the value of 3 pC/N for the classical piezoelectric material ZnO.Piezoelectric materials can generate energy due to mechanical deformation,and using thermal heating to lose water,[HMEP]PbI_(3)(2)can be obtained.2 crystallizes in the non-centrosymmetric space group,undergoes two reversible phase transitions at 243/255 K and 315/348 K,and shows second harmonic generation switching.Interestingly,2 can return to the hydrated form 1 after absorbing water.This work will lay the foundation for self-powered stimuli-responsive compounds and contribute to the construction of novel organic-inorganic hybrid materials with second harmonic generation switching.

关键词： Self-powered Dual stimulation reactive Phase transition SHG switch Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite

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Pollutant emissions from biomass burning:A review on emission characteristics,environmental impacts,and research perspectives

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 296-309页

作者： Ke Jiang Ran Xing Zhihan Luo Wenxuan Huang Fan Yi Yatai men Nan Zhao Zhaofeng Chang jinfeng Zhao Bo Pan Guofeng shen College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Beijing Key Lab Plant Resources Research and Development Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing100048China College of Ecology and Environment Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China Facultyof Environmental Sciences and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyYunnan Provincial Key Laboratoryof Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution ControlKunming650500China Institute of Carbon Neutrality Peking UniversityBeijing100871China

Biomass is one most abundant resource on the earth providing important energies in support of so-cioeconomic development in many areas.Burning of biomass fuels comprises to nearly 10%of the total energy from anthropogenic combustion processes:however,as the burning is usually incomplete,this process yields products of incomplete combustion posing consequently significant impacts on air quality,human health,and climate change.Here,we analyzed spatiotemporal characteristics in intentional and unintentional biomass burning from different sectors,discussed impacts of biomass burning emissions on indoor and outdoor air quality,and consequent influences on human health.The global total con-sumption amount of biomass including both natural and anthropogenic sources was approximately 7900 Tg in 2019,with significantly large regional and sectorial discrepancies among regions.Globally,anthropogenic biomass burning amounts increased gradually,but notably in some developing countries like China residential consumption of biomass fuels,as one large sector of biomass use,decreased over time.Uncommercial biomass consumption needs to be accurately quantified.There are relatively rich datasets of pollutant emission factors from biomass burning,including laboratory and field tests,but still large variations exit and contribute substantially to the uncertainty in emission inventory.Global pri-mary PM2.5,black carbon and organic carbon emissions from biomass burning were about 51,4.6,and 29 Tg,respectively,contributing to nearly 70%,55%,and 90%of the total emission from all sources,and emissions from the residential sector and open fires are major sources.Brown carbon emissions from biomass burning attracts growing interests but available studies adopted different methodologies challenging the comparability of those results.Biomass burning emissions polluted not only ambient air but more severely indoor air quality,adversely affecting human health.Future studies that should be emphasized and promoted are suggested.

关键词： Biomass burning Carbonaceous aerosol Emission Air quality Human health

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