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Breaking the Barriers to Access a Low Cost Intra-Dermal Rabies Vaccine Through Innovative “Pooling Strategy”

World Journal of Vaccines 2012年第3期2卷 121-124页

作者： Omesh K Bharti Wim Van Damme kristof decoster Petros Isaakidis An Appelmans Vidya Ramachandran Archana Phull Government of Himachal Pradesh Shimla India Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp Belgium National Institute of Epidemiology Chennai India Working Journalist in Shimla Shimla India

Background: In India every year an estimated 20,000 patients die of Rabies. Major reason for poor compliance to anti-rabies prophylaxis is the high cost of anti-rabies vaccine being prescribed intramuscularly (IM) as a routine i.e. 44.5 USD per course of five injections. In 1992 WHO recommended low cost intra-dermal rabies vaccination (IDRV), which costs only 7.5 USD or less per animal bite course. Methods: Interviews with doctors revealed that they were not prescribing intra-dermal anti rabies vaccination as they were either not aware or were not confident of this route of rabies vaccination. Also the vaccine vial did not have the label for “intra-dermal use”. These barriers were removed by advocacy efforts with policy makers & drug companies, credit sharing & team building, which led to starting of first intra dermal anti-rabies clinic of North India on 2nd August 2008. Results: Within a month of start of intra-dermal rabies vaccination clinic, i.e. by 2nd September, 2008, there was an increase in the hospital patient load by 2.8 times, and poor patients load by 3.2 times. In just less than two-year time, 200,000 USD of poor patients were saved and 5769 patients vaccinated. Each patient was asked to bring one vial on first visit & rest of doses were given “free” by pooling strategy. Pooling strategy involved distribution of one vial of vaccine among four persons and keep the three vials for use one by one by all the four patients on subsequent three visits. Another offshoot of the strategy was to prevent wasting of even few drops of vaccine that used to remain in each vial of 1 ml after distribution among four patients (0.2 mL or less). Out of more than 5000 vials utilised, every time we would transfer the left out drops of vaccine to the next new vial and use it immediately on a new pool of patients waiting for vaccination. We would, however, discard the unused vaccine after eight hours of reconstitution at the end of the day. The vaccine so saved turned to be a

关键词： Intra-Dermal Route For Anti-Rabies Vaccination Rabies

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Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Catalytic Properties of a 2D Cobalt(II) Coordination Polymer Based on Mixed Ligands

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2015年第4期34卷 599-605页

作者：张旭葛明 HECKE kristof Van 崔广华 College of Chemical Engineering Hebei United University Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Ghent University

A new Co（Ⅱ） metal-organic coordination polymer based on flexible bis（imidazole） and aromatic dicarboxylate co-ligands, namely [Co（bix）（nph）]n （H2nph = 3-nitrophthalic acid, bix = 1,4-bis（imidazole-l-ylmethyl）benzene）, has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, TG, IR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in the triclinic space group Piwith a = 9.3767（14）, b = 10.1451（15）, c = 12.1488（17） A, α = 102.6450（10）, β = 108.856（2）, ）, = 98.807（2）°, V= 1035.3（3） A3, Z = 2, C22H17CoN5O6, Mr = 506.34, Dc = 1.624 g/cm^3, p = 0.882 mm^-1 and F（000） = 518. In the complex, the nph^2- ligands connect neighbouring cobalt atoms to form binuclear [Co（nph）]2 subunits, which are linked by pairs of bix ligands to form a 2D honeycomb-like （6,3） network. In addition, the compound is further extended into a 3D supramolecular architecture by π…π stacking interactions. Moreover, the luminescence and catalytic properties of the complex are investigated.

关键词： Co(Ⅱ) complex crystal structure luminescence catalytic property

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Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Catalytic Properties of a New 2D Nickel(II) Coordination Polymer Based on Flexible Bis(benzimidazole)

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2014年第12期33卷 1819-1825页

作者：杨瑞葛明 VAN HECKE kristof 崔广华 College of Chemical Engineering Hebei United University Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Ghent UniversityKrijgslaan 281 S3 B-9000 Ghent Belgium

A new Ni(II) coordination polymer [Ni(L)2(SCN)2]n(L = 1,4-bis(benzimidazol-1-yl)butane) was synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c with a = 9.4760(3), b = 24.0408(8), c = 16.5871(5) A, β = 99.832(3)°, V = 3723.2(2) A3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.348 g/cm3, F(000) = 1576, the final R = 0.0486 and w R = 0.0936 for 2938 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I) for the complex. Structural analysis shows that the coordination polymer possesses a 2D(4,4) layer structure which is composed of Ni(II) centers bridged by L ligand with two kinds of conformations and further assembled into a 3D supramolecular network via π-π stacking interactions. In addition, the fluorescence and catalytic properties, for the degradation of Congo red, of the complex were investigated.

关键词： bis(benzimidazole) catalytic property crystal structure Ni(II) complex

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Surface modification of stratum corneum for drug delivery and skin care by microplasma discharge treatment

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Plasma Science and Technology 2019年第6期21卷 1-8页

作者： J kristof T AOSHIMA M BLAJAN K SHIMIZU Graduate School of Science and Technology Shizuoka University 432-8561 Hamamatsu Japan Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Shizuoka University 432-8561 Hamamatsu Japan Organization for Innovation and Social Collaboration Shizuoka University 432-8561 Hamamatsu Japan

Human skin is the largest organ and also the main barrier that prevents foreign substances from entering the *** surface properties of the skin are relevant for transdermal drug delivery and *** micropig skin is used as a substitute for human skin.A microplasma electrode is used for surface modification of the skin epidermal layer of the Yucatan *** dielectric barrier discharge has a thin dielectric as a barrier (~50 μm) and a frequency of 25 *** surface properties of the epidermal layer were characterized by the measurement of the contact angle of the water *** effects of different gases such as air,nitrogen,oxygen,helium or argon were *** change of the contact angle is temporal and it is returned to its initial state after several *** the gases used for plasma ignition,oxygen and argon were the most effective for skin *** distance of the skin from the electrode and the treatment time played a crucial roles in the increasing water contact *** of surface atomic concentration were determined by x-ray photoelectron *** microplasma treatment,the oxygen and nitrogen concentration increased at the skin surface.

关键词： microplasma contact angle skin stratum corneum XPS

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A multifaceted approach towards understanding the peculiar behavior of(α)-hydroxyiminophosphonates

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Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2022年第1期9卷 173-182页

作者： Thomas Toupy Christopher Kune kristof Van Hecke Loïc Quinton Jean-Christophe M.Monbaliu Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis MolSys Research UnitUniversity of LiègeB-4000 Liège(Sart Tilman)Belgium Mass Spectrometry Laboratory MolSys Research UnitUniversity of LiègeB-4000 Liège(Sart Tilman)Belgium XStruct Department of ChemistryGhent UniversityKrijgslaan 281-S3B-9000 GhentBelgium

The peculiar isomer-selective reduction of(α)-hydroxyiminophosphonates(oxime isomers)into(α)-hydroxyaminophosphonate(hydroxylamine)derivatives is presented.A library of 16(α)-hydroxyiminophosphonates is prepared and studied via a unique multifaceted approach involving the interplay of NMR,XRD,MS,IM-MS and computational chemistry *** combination of NMR,XRD and HPLC enables the seamless separation,identification and quantification of the oxime isomers(E/Z).Tandem MS(MS/MS)enables the determination of the fragmentation patterns for both *** energy breakdown curves highlight the order of apparition of the fragments as well as their related energy of fragmentation,demonstrating that the strength of the C–P bond in the Z isomers is much weaker than in the E *** chemistry demonstrates that favorable protonation site is isomer-dependent with the phosphonate moiety being the favorable protonation site for the E isomers,while protonation occurs preferentially on the amino moiety for Z isomers regardless of the phosphite *** combination of these various methods led an unprecedented level of characterization of oxime isomers,providing a better uderstanding of the isomer-dependent behavior of(α)-hydroxyiminophosphonates.

关键词： isomers phosphonate moiety

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RNAi of the N-glycosylation-related genes confirms their importance in insect development and α-1,6-fucosyltransferase plays a role in the ecdysis event for the hemimetabolous pest insect Nilaparvata lugens

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Insect Science 2022年第1期29卷 91-99页

作者： Qun Yang kristof De Schutter Pengyu Chen Els J.M.Van Damme Guy Smagghe Laboratory of Agrozoology Department of Plants and CropsFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure links 653Ghent9000Belgium Laboratory of Biochemistry and Glycobiology Department of BiotechnologyFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure links 653Ghent9000Belgium

Recently N-glycosylation was found to be required for the postembryonic development and metamorphosis of the holometabolous beetle Tribolium castaneum. However, the role of N-glycosylation in the development of hemimetabolous insects is unknown. To further elucidate the role of N-glycosylation in the development of insects, a functional characterization of the N-glycosylation-related genes (NGRGs) was performed in a model insect for hemimetabolous development, namely the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens. In this project, we report the effects of RNAi-mediated silencing of 15 NGRGs on the postembryonic development of N. lugens. Two major observations were made. First, interruption of the early steps of N-glycan processing led to a lethal phenotype during the transition from nymph to adult as was observed in T. castaneum. Second, we report here on an essential function for the α-1,6-fucosyl transferase in the ecdysis event of N. lugens between nymphal instars, since gene-silencing by RNAi led to failure of ecdysis and subsequent mortality of the treated insect.

关键词： development glycosylation Nilaparvata lugens N-glycan postembryonic RNA interference

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Binding of Orysata lectin induces an immune response in insect cells

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Insect Science 2022年第3期29卷 717-729页

作者： Pengyu Chen kristof De Schutter Jarne Pauwels Kris Gevaert Els J.M.Van Damme Guy Smagghe Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Department of Plants and CropsGhent UniversityGhentBelgium Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Department of BiotechnologyGhent UniversityGhentBelgium Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology GhentBelgium

In mammals,plant lectinshave been shown to possess immunomodulatory properties,acting in both the innate and adaptive immune system to modulate the production of mediators of the immune response,ultimately improving host *** present,knowledge of immunomodulatory effects of plant lectins in insects is *** of insect cells with the Orysa sativa lectin,Orysata,was previously reported to induce cell aggregation,mimicking the immune process of *** this project we investigated the potential immunomodulatory effects of this mannose-binding lectin using Drosophila melanogaster S2 *** of the Orysata binding partners on the surface of S2 cells through a pull-down assay andproteomic analysis revealed 221 putative interactors,several of which were immunity-related *** qPCR analysis revealed the upregulation of Toll-and immune deficiency(IMD)-regulated antimicrobial peptides(Drs,Mtk,AttA,and Dpt)and signal transducers(Rel and Hid)belonging to the IMD *** addition,the iron-binding protein Transferrin 3 was identified as a putative interactor for Orysata,and treatment of S2 cells with Orysata was shown to reduce the intracellular iron *** together,we believe these results offer a new perspective on the effects by which plant lectins influence insect cells and contribute to the study of their immunomodulatory properties.

关键词： cell culture immune response iron uptake Orysata plant lectin pull-down

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Genome editing in Drosophila melanogaster： from basic genome engineering to the multipurpose CRISPR-Cas9 system

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2017年第5期60卷 476-489页

作者： Xingjie Ren kristof Holsteens Haiyi Li Jin Sun Yifan Zhang Lu-Ping Liu Qingfei Liu Jian-Quan Ni Gene Regulatory Lab School of Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China French International School of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR 999000 China Department of Biology University of California San Diego 92093 USA School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Nowadays, genome editing tools are indispensable for studying gene function in order to increase our knowledge of biochemical processes and disease mechanisms. The extensive availability of mutagenesis and transgenesis tools make Drosophila melanogaster an excellent model organism for geneticists. Early mutagenesis tools relied on chemical or physical methods,ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS) and X-rays respectively, to randomly alter DNA at a nucleotide or chromosomal level. Since the discovery of transposable elements and the availability of the complete fly genome, specific genome editing tools, such as P-elements, zinc-finger nucleases(ZFNs) and transcription activator-like effector nucleases(TALENs), have undergone rapid development. Currently, one of the leading and most effective contemporary tools is the CRISPR-cas9 system made popular because of its low cost, effectiveness, specificity and simplicity of use. This review briefly addresses the most commonly used mutagenesis and transgenesis tools in Drosophila, followed by an in-depth review of the multipurpose CRISPR-Cas9 system and its current applications.

关键词： genome editing Drosophila melanogaster mutagenesis transgenesis CRISPR-Cas9

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Nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots: Optical properties modification and photovoltaic applications

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Nano Research 2019年第5期12卷 1041-1047页

作者： Md Tanvir Hasan Roberto Gonzalez-Rodriguez Conor Ryan kristof Pota Kayla Green Jeffery L.Coffer Anton V.Naumov Department of Physics and Astronomy Texas Christian UniversityTCU Box 298840Fort WorthTexas 76129USA Department cf Chemistry and Eiochemistry Texas Christian UniversityTCU Box 298860Fort WorthTexas 76129USA

In this work,we utilize a bottom-up approach to synthesize nitrogen self-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) from a single glucosamine precursor via an eco-friendly microwave-assisted hydrothermal *** and optical properties of as-produced NGQDs are further modified using controlled ozone ***-treated NGQDs (Oz-NGQDs) are reduced in size to 5.5 nm with clear changes in the lattice structure and/D//G Raman ratios due to the introduction/alteration of oxygen-containing functional groups detected by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer and further verified by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) showing increased atomic/weight percentage of oxygen *** with structural modifications,GQDs experience decrease in ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption coupled with progressive enhancement of visible (up to 16 min treatment) and near-infrared (NIR)(up to 45 min treatment) *** allows fine-tuning optical properties of NGQDs for solar cell applications yielding controlled emission increase,while controlled emission quenching was achieved by either blue laser or thermal *** Oz-NGQDs were further used to form a photoactive layer of solar calls with a maximum efficiency of 2.64% providing a 6-fold enhancement over untreated NGQD devices and a 3-fold increase in fill factor/current *** study suggests simple routes to alter and optimize optical properties of scalably produced NGQDs to boost the photovoltaic performance of solar cells.

关键词： nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots ozone treatment optical properties photovoltaics solar cells

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Investigating the specificity of endothelin-traps as a potential therapeutic tool for endothelin-1 related disorders

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World Journal of Diabetes 2022年第6期13卷 434-441页

作者： Arjun Jain kristof Bozovicar Vidhi Mehrotra Tomaz Bratkovic Martin H Johnson Ira Jha ET-Traps Limited Cambridge CB30JEUnited Kingdom Department of Physiology Development and NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB23DYUnited Kingdom Accelerate Cambridge Judge Business SchoolUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB21AGUnited Kingdom Department of Pharmaceutical Biology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of LjubljanaSlovenia 1000Slovenia

BACKGROUND Endothelin(ET)-traps are Fc-fusion proteins with a design based on the physiological receptors of *** work has shown that use of the selected ET-traps potently and significantly reduces different markers of diabetes pathology back to normal,non-disease *** To demonstrate the selected ET-traps potently and significantly bind to *** We performed phage display experiments to test different constructs of ET-traps,and conducted bio-layer interferometry binding assays to verify that the selected ET-traps bind specifically to ET-1 and display binding affinity in the double-digit picomolar range(an average of 73.8 rM,n=6).RESULTS These experiments have confirmed our choice of the final ET-traps and provided proof-of-concept for the potential use of constructs as effective biologics for diseases associated with pathologically elevated *** There is increased need for such therapeutics as they could help save millions of lives around the world.

关键词： Endothelin-1 Endothelin-traps Diabetes Heart failure Chronic kidney disease Novel therapeutic

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