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2024 Adult Compendium of Physical Activities:A third update of the energy costs of human activities

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 6-12页

作者： Stephen D.Herrmann Erik A.Willis Barbara E.Ainsworth Tiago V.Barreira mary Hastert Chelsea L.Kracht John m.Schuna Jr. Zhenghui Cai minghui Quan Catrine Tudor-Locke melicia C.Whitt-Glover David R. jacobs Jr. Kansas Center for metabolism and Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Physical Activity and Weight management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Exercise Science Department Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA Clinical Sciences Division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA School of Exercise and Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA College of Health and Human Services University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA Gramercy Research Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA Division of Epidemiology and Community Health School of Public HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454USA

Background:The Compendium of Physical Activities was published in 1993 to improve the comparability of energy expenditure values assigned to self-reported physical activity(PA)across *** original version was updated in 2000,and again in 2011,and has been widely used to support PA research,practice,and public health ***:This 2024 update was tailored for adults 19-59 years of age by removing data from those≥60 *** a systematic review and supplementary searches,we identified new activities and their associated measured metabolic equivalent(mET)values(using indirect calorimetry)published since *** replaced estimated mETs with measured values when ***:We screened 32,173 abstracts and 1507 full-text papers and extracted 2356 PA energy expenditure values from 701 *** added303 new PAs and adjusted 176 existing mET values and descriptions to reflect the addition of new data and removal of mETs for older *** added a major Heading(Video Games).The 2024 Adult Compendium includes 1114 PAs(912 with measured and 202 with estimated values)across 22 major ***:This comprehensive update and refinement led to the creation of The 2024 Adult Compendium,which has utility across research,public health,education,and healthcare domains,as well as in the development of consumer health *** new website with the complete lists of PAs and supporting resources is available at https://***.

关键词： Adults Energy expenditure Exercise mET Physical Activities

Impact loading in female runners with single and multiple bone stress injuries during fresh and exerted conditions

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第3期12卷 406-413页

作者： kristin L.Popp Jereme Outerleys Sarah Gehman margaret Garrahan Sara Rudolph Elizabeth Loranger Kathryn E.Ackerman Adam S.Tenforde mary L.Bouxsein Irene S.Davis military Performance Division United States Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMA 01760USA Endocrine Unit Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114USA Department of Physical medicine and Rehabilitation Spaulding Rehabilitation HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA 02138USA Department of Sports medicine Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Center for Advanced Orthopedic Studies Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA

Background:Bone stress injuries(BSIs)are common in female runners,and recurrent BSI rates are *** work suggests an association between higher impact loading during running and tibial ***,it is unknown whether impact loading and fatigue-related loading changes discriminate women with a history of multiple *** study compared impact variables at the beginning of a treadmill run to exertion andthe changes in those variables with exertion among female runners with no history of BSI as well as among those with a history of single or multiple ***:We enrolled 45 female runners(aged 18-40 years)for this cross-sectional study:having no history of diagnosed lower extremity BSI(N-BSI,n=14);a history of 1 lower extremity BSI(1-BSI,n=16);and diagnosed by imaging,or a history of multiple(>3)lower extremity BSIs(m-BSI,n=15).Participants completed a 5-km race speed run on an instrumented treadmill while wearing an Inertial measurement *** vertical average loading rate(VALR),vertical instantaneous loading rate(VILR),vertical stiffness during impact via instrumented treadmill,and tibial shock determined as the peak po sitive tibial acceleration via Inertial measurement Unit were measured at the beginning and the end of the ***:There were no differences between groups in VALR,VILR,vertical stiffness,or tibial shock in a fresh or exerted ***,compared to N-BSI,women with m-BSI had greater increase with exertion in VALR(-1.8%vs.6.1%,p=0.01)and VILR(1.5%vs.4.8%,p=0.03).Similarly,compared to N-BSI,vertical stiffness increased more with exertion among women with m-BSI(-0.9%vs.7.3%,p=0.006)and 1-BSI(-0.9%vs.1.8%,p=0.05).Finally,compared to N-BSI,the increase in tibial shock from fresh to exerted condition was greater among women with m-BSI(0.9%vs.5.5%,p=0.03)and 1-BSI(0.9%vs.11.2%,p=0.02).Conclusion:Women with 1-BSI or m-BSIs experience greater exertion-related increases in impact loading than women with *** observations impl

关键词： Biomechanics Bone stress injuries Fatigue Runners Stress fracture

metabolic syndrome and the urinary microbiome of patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 316-323页

作者： Ryan A.Dornbier Chirag P.Doshi Shalin C.Desai Petar Bajic michelle Van Kuiken mark Khemmani Ahmer V.Farooq Larissa Bresler Thomas m.T.Turk Alan J.Wolfe kristin G.Baldea Loyola University medical Center Department of UrologyMaywoodILUSA Loyola University Chicago Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyMaywoodILUSA

Objective:To identify possible stone-promoting microbes,we compared the profiles of microbes grown from stones of patients with and without metabolic syndrome(metS).The association between metS and urinary stone disease is well established,but the exact pathophysiologic relationship remains *** evidence suggests urinary tract dysbiosis may lead to increased nephrolithiasis ***:At the time of percutaneous nephrolithotomy,bladder urine and stone fragments were collected from patients with and without *** sample types were subjected to expanded quantitative urine culture(EQUC)and 16 S ribosomal RNA gene ***:Fifty-seven patients included 12 controls(21.1%)and 45 metS patients(78.9%).Both cohorts were similar with respect to demographics and non-metS *** controls had uric acid stone *** EQUC,bacteria were detected more frequently in metS stones(42.2%)compared to controls(8.3%)(p=0.041).Bacteria also were more abundant in stones of metS patients compared to *** validate our EQUC results,we performed 16 S ribosomal RNA gene *** 12/16(75.0%)sequence-positive stones,EQUC reliably isolated at least one species of the sequenced *** were detected in both“infectious”and“non-infectious”stone ***:Bacteria are more common and more abundant in metS stones than control *** findings support a role for bacteria in urinary stone disease for patients with metS regardless of stone composition.

关键词： Nephrolithiasis Urolithiasis metabolic syndrome Urinary microbiome Percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Prehospital identification of sepsis patients and alerting of receiving hospitals:impact on early goal-directed therapy

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Prehospital identification of sepsis patients and alerting o...

Inflammatory conversion of quiescent osteoblasts by metastatic breast cancer cells through pERKl/2 aggravates cancer-induced bone destruction

国际全身性感染论坛-2011北京

作者： K Halimi J Freeman-Garrick C Agcaoili K Choy F Claridge m.jacobs m Taigman Department of Emergency medicine and Intensive Care Washington HospitalFremontCAUSA Highland Hospital OaklandCAUSA Alameda County Emergency medical Services San LeandroCAUSA American medical Response Alameda CountyCAUSA

＜正＞Introduction Over the past several years,the early identification and aggressive treatment of sepsis patients has become a standard of care in the hospital setting.A relatively small number of emergency medical service（EmS） systems have started programs to screen for sepsis;an even smaller number provide treatment based on that screening process in the prehospital setting.

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Bone Research 2021年第4期9卷 557-570页

作者： Jungho Back minh Nam Nguyen Lu Li Saelim Lee Inkyu Lee Fancheng Chen Lauren Gillinov Yeon-Ho Chung Kareme D.Alder Hyuk-Kwon Kwon kristin E.Yu Christopher m.Dussik Ziehen Hao michael J.Flores Yoseph Kim Izuchukwu K.Ibe Alana m.munger Sung Wook Seo Francis Y.Lee Department of Orthopaedics&Rehabilitation Yale UniversitySchool of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA Research Center for Genetics and Reproductive Health School of MedicineVietnam National University Ho Chi Minh CityLinh Trung WardThu Due DistrictHo Chi Minh CityVietnam Department of Rehabilitation medicine Renji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai JiaoTong UniversityShanghaiChina College of medicine Dankook UniversityCheonanRepublic of Korea Department of Life Science Chung-Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Shanghai medical College Fudan UniversityShanghai CityChina Department of Emergency&Trauma Changhai HospitalNavy Medical UniversityShanghaiChina Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA Department of Orthopedic Surgery Samsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulGangnam-guRepublic of Korea

Disruption of bone homeostasis caused by metastatic osteolytic breast cancer cells increases inflammatory osteolysis and decreases bone formation,thereby predisposing patients to pathological fracture and cancer *** of osteoblast function induces skeletal diseases due to the disruption of bone *** observed increased activation of pERK1/2 in osteolytic breast cancer cells and osteoblasts in human pathological specimens with aggressive osteolytic breast cancer *** confirmed that osteolytic breast cancers with high expression of pERK1/2 disrupt bone homeostasis via osteoblastic ERK1/2 activation at the bone-breast cancer *** process of inflammatory osteolysis modulates ERK1/2 activation in osteoblasts and breast cancer cells through dominant-negative mEK1 expression and constitutively active mEK1 expression to promote cancer growth within ***,an FDA-approved mEK inhibitor,not only reduced breast cancer-induced bone destruction but also dramatically reduced cancer growth in bone by inhibiting the inflammatory skeletal *** together,these findings suggest that ERK1/2 activation in both breast cancer cells and osteoblasts is required for osteolytic breast cancer-induced inflammatory osteolysis and that ERK1/2 pathway inhibitors may represent a promising adjuvant therapy for patients with aggressive osteolytic breast cancers by altering the shared cancer and bone microenvironment.

关键词： pERK1/2 breast homeostasis

Chip-based multimodal super-resolution microscopy for histological investigations of cryopreserved tissue sections

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第3期11卷 35-51页

作者： Luis E.Villegas-Hernández Vishesh Dubey mona Nystad Jean-Claude Tinguely David A.Coucheron Firehun T.Dullo Anish Priyadarshi Sebastian Acuña Azeem Ahmad Josém.mateos Gery Barmettler Urs Ziegler Åsa Birna Birgisdottir Aud-malin Karlsson Hovd kristin Andreassen Fenton Ganesh Acharya Krishna Agarwal Balpreet Singh Ahluwalia Department of Physics and Technology UiT The Arctic University of NorwayKlokkargårdsbakken N-9019TromsøNorway Department of Clinical medicine Women’s Health and Perinatology Research GroupUiT The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University Hospital of North NorwayTromsøNorway Center for microscopy and Image Analysis University of ZurichZürichSwitzerland Division of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory medicine University Hospital of North NorwayTromsøNorway Department of Clinical medicine Clinical Cardiovascular Research GroupUiT The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway Department of medical Biology RNA and Molecular Pathology Research GroupUiT The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Clinical ScienceIntervention and TechnologyKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden

Histology involves the observation of structural features in tissues using a *** diffraction-limited optical microscopes are commonly used in histological investigations,their resolving capabilities are insufficient to visualize details at subcellular *** a novel set of super-resolution optical microscopy techniques can fulfill the resolution demands in such cases,the system complexity,high operating cost,lack of multi-modality,and low-throughput imaging of these methods limit their wide adoption for histological *** this study,we introduce the photonic chip as a feasible high-throughput microscopy platform for super-resolution imaging of histological *** cryopreserved ultrathin tissue sections of human placenta,mouse kidney,pig heart,and zebrafish eye retina prepared by the Tokuyasu method,we demonstrate diverse imaging capabilities of the photonic chip including total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy,intensity fluctuation-based optical nanoscopy,single-molecule localization microscopy,and correlative light-electron *** results validate the photonic chip as a feasible imaging platform for tissue sections and pave the way for the adoption of super-resolution high-throughput multimodal analysis of cryopreserved tissue samples both in research and clinical settings.

关键词： resolution modal feasible

Pediatric Cardiac Surgical Patterns of Practice and Outcomes in Europe and China:An Analysis of the European Congenital Heart Surgeons Association Congenital Heart Surgery Database

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Congenital Heart Disease 2021年第1期16卷 17-25页

作者： Claudia Herbst Haibo Zhang Renjie Hu Jürgen Hörer masamichi Ono Vladimiro Vida Tjark Ebels Andrzej Kansy Jeffrey P.jacobs Zdzislaw Tobota Bohdan maruszewski Department of Surgery Division of Cardiac Surgery and Pediatric Heart CenterMedical University ViennaViennaAustria Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery Shanghai Children’s Medical CenterShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department for Congenital and Pediatric Heart Surgery German Heart Center MunichTechnische Universität MünchenDivision for Congenital and Pediatric Heart SurgeryUniversity Hospital of MunichLudwig-Maximilians-UniversitätMunichGermany Pediatric and Cardiac Surgery Unit Department of Cardio Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public HealthUniversity of PaduaPaduaItaly Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands Cardiothoracic Surgery Amsterdam University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery Children’s Memorial Health InstituteWarsawPoland St.Petersburg FLUSA

Background:The European Congenital Heart Surgeons Association(ECHSA)Congenital Heart Surgery Database(CHSD)was founded in 1999 and is open for worldwide *** current dataset includes a large amount of surgical data from both Europe and *** purpose of this analysis is to compare patterns of practice and outcomes among pediatric congenital heart defect surgeries in Europe and China using the ***:We examined all European(125 centers,58,261 operations)and Chinese(13 centers,23,920 operations)data in the ECHSA-CHSD from *** mortality,postoperative length of stay,median patient age and weight were calculated for the ten benchmark operations for China and Europe,***:Benchmark procedure distribution frequencies differed between Europe and *** China,ventricular septal defect repair comprised approximately 70%of procedures,while Norwood operations comprised less than one percent of all *** cardiac procedures were rare in China *** procedures in STAT mortality category 1,Chinese centers had lower operative mortality rates,while procedures in categories 3 and 5 mortality is lower in European *** mortality over the time period decreased from 3.89%to 1.64%for the whole cohort,with a sharper decline in *** drop coincides with an increase of submitted procedures over this ***:Chinese centers had higher programmatic volume of congenital heart surgeries,while European centers have a more complex case *** for patients with functionally univentricular heart was performed less commonly in *** comparison of patterns of practice and outcomes demonstrate opportunities for continuing bidirectional transcontinental collaboration and quality improvement.

关键词： Outcomes congenital heart surgery China Europe database

A Case Study of Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions during the Passage of an Extra-Tropical Cyclone in the Vicinity of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina

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International Journal of Geosciences 2023年第9期14卷 855-876页

作者： Neil jacobs James Churchill Leonard Pietrafesa Shaowu Bao Paul Gayes University Corporation for Atmospheric Research Boulder USA Department of Physical Oceanographym Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole USA School of Coastal & marine Systems Science Burroughs & Chapin Center for Marine & Wetland Studies Coastal Carolina University Conway USA Department of marine Earth Atmospheric Sciences North Carolina State University Raleigh USA

The authors document the interaction of the atmosphere and ocean during the formation and passage of an Extra-Tropical Cyclone, which is a Nor-Easter, winter storm that formed in the southern apex of the middle Atlantic Bight near Cape Hatteras North Carolina, between February 15 and 18, 1996. While Nor-Easters per se, which have formed along the Atlantic Eastern Seaboard of the United States have been studied for decades, the actual atmospheric-oceanic mechanics and thermodynamics in the formation of a Nor-Easter has never been documented. We report on having done so with in-situ observations and data-based calculations and a numerical model. The in-situ observations were made via a Control Volume consisting of an array of Eulerian Oceanic-Atmospheric moorings with current meters, temperature and salinity sensors and meteorological towers. We find that Gulf Stream waters were located surrounding the mooring array, and that with the invasion of cold dry atmospheric air, there was a rapid loss of heat from the ocean to the atmosphere via latent and sensible surface heat flux during the cyclogenesis onset of the storm. A unique feature of this storm was that neither satellite nor buoy data showed significant sea surface cooling in the control volume. The findings indicate that storm winds drove warm saline waters from the Gulf Stream across the continental shelf into the control volume, accounting for a 51 cm rise in water level along the coast. This lateral heat advection provided heat to the control volume of 3.4e+18 Joules. On average, the heat loss at the surface of the control volume, via sensible and latent heat fluxes and radiation, was 0.7e+18 Joules, corresponding to a surface heat flux of -600 Watts per meter2 (W/m2). However, the heat lost by the control volume as latent and sensible heat fluxes was less than the heat it received via lateral heat advection, resulting in the lack of an often-observed sea surface cooling during other winter storms.

关键词： mid-Latitude Cyclone Extra-Tropical Cyclone Cyclogenesis Nor’easter Winter Storms Latent and Sensible Heat Fluxes Salt Flux

Comparison of Three macroinvertebrate Sampling methods for Use in Assessment of Water Quality Changes in Flashy Urban Streams

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2020年第8期11卷 585-609页

作者： Roger Yeardley Jr. Scott jacobs Ken Fritz William Thoeny Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati USA Pegasus Technical Services c/o U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati USA

The unique challenges associated with sampling of macroinvertebrates in flashy urban streams create a methods gap. These streams form isolated pools for much of the year, interspersed with spates that scour and deposit excessive amounts of sediment. Commonly used stream grab sampling methods, such as nets and Hess and Surber fixed-area samplers, work well in wadable streams with perennial flow. Deployed samplers (Hester-Dendy, gravel tray) can be used in waters with or without flow. We evaluated three methods which don’t require stream flow: modified Hester-Dendy (mHD), gravel tray, and bucket (a type of cylinder grab sample method), for their potential use in bioassessment of a project involving daylighting of a 180-m culvert on Congress Run, a flashy urban tributary to mill Creek in Cincinnati, Ohio. method efficacy was measured using three criteria: usability (level of effort and recoverability of samplers), variability, and community retrieval completeness. The bucket method required the lowest level of effort and had the highest sample recovery. The bucket sampler had the lowest variability for most metrics, including the critical metric of taxa richness, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 20.9%. The mHD and tray samplers had taxa richness CVs of 42.9% and 53.9%, respectively. The bucket sampler also had the lowest CV (27.4%) for a multi-metric index. The bucket sampler performed best with respect to community retrieval completeness, with higher pooled and average taxa richness. The total number of taxa collected from all the replicate bucket grab samples (42) was greater than that collected by the HD and tray samplers combined (27). multivariate analyses showed significant grouping with respect to methods and location. This study supports the bucket grab sampler method as a candidate for sampling of flashy urban streams.

关键词： macroinvertebrate methods Stream Urban Sampling Flow Hydrology