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Malignancies associated with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第36期11卷 5688-5690页

作者： Terumi Kamisawa Yuyang Tu Naoto Egawa Hitoshi Nakajima kouji tsuruta Atsutake Okamoto Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital Tokyo Japan Department of Surgery Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital Tokyo Japan

AIM： As intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm （IPMN） has a favorable prognosis, associated malignancies have potential significance in these patients. We examined the incidence and characteristics of pre-existing, coexisting and subsequent malignancies in patients with IPMN. METHODS： Seventy-nine cases of IPMN were diagnosed by detection of mucous in the pancreatic duct during endoscopic retrograde pancreatography. Histological diagnosis was confirmed in 30 cases （adenoma （n = 19） and adenocarcinoma （n = 11）. Other primary malignancies associated with IPMN, occurring in the prediagnostic or postdiagnostic period, were investigated. Postdiagnostic follow-up period was 3.3±0.5 years （range, 0.2-20 years）. RESULTS： Other 40 malignancies occurred in 28 patients （35%）. They were found before （n = 15）, at （n = 19） and after （n = 6） the diagnosis of IPMT. Major associated malignancies were gastric cancer （n = 12）, colonic cancer （n = 7）, esophageal cancer （n = 4）, pulmonary cancer （n = 4）, and independent pancreatic cancer （n = 3）. Pancreatic cancer was synchronous with IPMN in two patients and metachronous in one （3 years after diagnosis of IPMN）. Thirty-one lesions were treated surgically or endoscopically. Fourteen patients died of associated cancers. Development of other malignancies was related to age （71.9±8.2 v566.8±9.3, P〈0.05）, but not to gender or site of the tumor. CONCLUSION： IPMN is associated with a high incidence of other malignancies, particularly gastric and colonic cancers. Common genetic mechanisms between IPMN and other associated malignancies might be present. Clinicians should pay attention to the possibility of associated malignancies in preoperative screening and follow-up of patients with IPMN. 2005 The WJG Press and Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

关键词： Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms Pancreas Gastric cancer Colonic cancer

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Usefulness of biopsying the major duodenal papilla to diagnose autoimmune pancreatitis:A prospective study using IgG4-immunostaining

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第13期12卷 2031-2033页

作者： Terumi Kamisawa Yuyang Tu Hitoshi Nakajima Naoto Egawa kouji tsuruta Atsutake Okamoto Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital 3-18-22 Honkomagome Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan Department of Surgery Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital 3-18-22 Honkomagome Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan

AIM： TO examine the histological and immunohistochemical findings of biopsy specimens taken from the major duodenal papilla of autoimmune pancreatitis （AIP） patients. METHODS： The major duodenal papilla in the resected pancreas of 3 patients with AIP and of 5 control patients [pancreatic carcinoma （n = 3） and chronic alcoholic pancreatitis （17 = 2）] was immunostained using anti-CD4-T cell, CD8-T cell and IgG4 antibodies. Forceps biopsy specimens taken from the major duodenal papilla of 2 patients with AIP and 5 control patients with suspected papillitis were prospectively taken during duodenoscopy and immunohistochemically examined. RESULTS： Moderate or severe Iymphoplasmacytic in- filtration including many CD4-positive or CD8-positive T lymphocytes and IgG4-positive plasma cells （≥10/HPF）, was observed in the major duodenal papilla of all 3 patients with AIR The same findings were also detected in the biopsy specimens taken from the major duodenal papilla of 2 patients with/kiP, but in controls, there were only a few （≤3/HPF） IgG4-positive plasma cells infiltrating the major duodenal papilla. CONCLUSIONS： An abundant infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells is specifically detected in the major duodenal papilla of patients with A/P. Although this is a preliminary study, IgG4-immunostaining of biopsy specimens taken from the major duodenal papilla may support the diagnosis of AIR

关键词： Autoimmune pancreatitis IgG4 Major duo-denal papilla

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Thermo-chemo-radiotherapy for advanced bile duct carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第27期11卷 4206-4209页

作者： Terumi Kamisawa Yuyang Tu Naoto Egawa Katsuyuki Karasawa Tadayoshi Matsuda kouji tsuruta Atsutake Okamoto Department of Internal Medicine Tadayoshi Matsuda Department of Surgery

AIM： Complete resection of the bile duct carcinoma is sometimes difficult by subepithelial spread in the duct wall or direct invasion of adjacent blood vessels. Nonresected extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma has a dismal prognosis,with a life expectancy of about 6 mo to i year. To improve the treatment results of locally advanced bile duct carcinoma, we have been conducting a clinical trial using regional hyperthermia in combination with chemoradiation ***： Eight patients complaining of obstructive jaundice with advanced extrahepatic bile duct underwent thermo-chemo-radiotherapy （TCRT）. All tumors were located in the upper bile duct and involved hepatic bifurcation, and obstructed the bile duct *** capacitive hyperthermia was administered simultaneously with chemotherapeutic agents once weekly immediately following radiotherapy at 2 *** administered heat to the patient for 40 rain after the tumor temperature had risen to 42℃. The chemotherapeutic agents employed were cis-platinum （CDDP,50 mg/m^2） in combination with 5-fluorouracil （5-FU,800 mg/m^2） or methotrexate （MTX, 30 mg/m^2） in combination with 5-FU （800 mg/m^2）. Number of heat treatments ranged from 2 to 8 sessions. The bile duct at autopsy was histologically examined in three patients treated with ***： In respect to resolution of the bile duct, there were three complete regression （CR）, two partial regression （PR）, and three no change （NC）. Mean survival was 13.2＋10.8 mo （mean＋SD）. Four patients survived for more than 20 too. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage （PTBD） tube could be removed in placement of self-expandable metallic stent into the patency-restored bile duct after TCRT. No major side effects occurred. At autopsy, marked hyalinization or fibrosis with necrosis replaced extensively bile duct tumor and wall, in which suppressed cohesiveness of carcinoma cells and degenerative cells were sparsely ***： Although the number of cases is r

关键词： Hyperthermia Chemotherapy Radiotherapy Bile duct carcinoma

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Sclerosing cholangitis associated with autoimmune pancreatitis differs from primary sclerosing cholangitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第19期15卷 2357-2360页

作者： Terumi Kamisawa Kensuke Takuma Hajime Anjiki Naoto Egawa Masanao Kurata Goro Honda kouji tsuruta Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital3-18-22 HonkomagomeBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8677Japan Department of Surgery Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital3-18-22 HonkomagomeBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8677Japan

AIM:To clarify the characteristic features of biliary le-sions in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP) and compare them with those of primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) .METHODS:The clinicopathological characteristics of 34 patients with sclerosing cholangitis(SC) associated with AIP were compared with those of 4 patients with ***:SC with AIP occurred predominantly in el-derly *** jaundice was the most frequent initial symptom in SC with *** SC patients with AIP had elevated serum IgG4 levels,and sclerosing diseases were more frequent in these *** pa-tients with AIP responded well to steroid ***-mental stenosis of the lower bile duct was observed only in SC patients with AIP,but a beaded and pruned-tree appearance was detected only in PSC *** infi ltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells was de-tected in the bile duct wall and the periportal area,as well as in the pancreas,of SC patients with ***:SC with AIP is distinctly different from *** two diseases can be discriminated based on cholangiopancreatographic findings and serum IgG4 levels.

关键词： Autoimmune pancreatitis IgG4 Primarysclerosing cholangitis Sclerosing cholangitis

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Sclerosing cholecystitis associated with autoimmune pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第23期12卷 3736-3739页

作者： Terumi Kamisawa Yuyang Tu Hitoshi Nakajima Naoto Egawa kouji tsuruta Atsutake Okamoto Shinichirou Horiguchi Hitoshi Nakajima NaotoEgawa Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo MetropolitanKomagome Hospital 3-18-22 Honkomagome Bunkyo-ku TokyoJapan Department of Surgery Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital 3-18-22 HonkomagomeBunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan Department of Pathology TokyoMetropolitan Komagome Hospital 3-18-22 HonkomagomeBunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan

AIM： TO evaluate the histopathological and radiological findings of the gallbladder in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis （AIP）. METHODS： The radiological findings of the gallbladder of 19 AIP patients were retrospectively reviewed. Resected gallbladders of 8 AIP patients were examined histologically and were immunostained with anti- IgG4 antibody. Controls consisted of gallbladders resected for symptomatic gallstones （n = 10） and those removed during pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic carcinoma （n = 10）, as well as extrahepatic bile ducts and pancreases removed by pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic carcinoma （n = 10）. RESULTS： Thickening of the gallbladder wall was detected by ultrasound and/or computed tomography in 10 patients with AIP （3 severe and 7 moderate）; in these patients severe stenosis of the extrahepatic bile duct was also noted. Histologically, thickening of the gallbladder was detected in 6 of 8 （75%） patients with AIP; 4 cases had transmural lymphoplasmacytic infiltration with fibrosis, and 2 cases had mucosal-based lymphoplasmacytic infiltration. Considerable transmural thickening of the extrahepatic bile duct wall with dense fibrosis and diffuse ly,mphoplasmacytic infiltration was detected in 7 patients. Immunohistochemically, severeor moderate infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells was detected in the gallbladder, bile duct, and pancreas of all 8 patients, but was not detected in controls. CONCLUSION： Gallbladder wall thickening with fibrosis and abundant infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells is frequently detected in patients with AIP. We propose the use of a new term, sclerosing cholecystitis, for these cases that are induced by the same mechanism as sclerosing pancreatitis or sclerosing cholangitis in AIP.

关键词： Autoimmune pancreatitis Sclerosing cholecystitis IgG4

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Diagnosis and clinical implications of pancreatobiliary reflux

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第43期14卷 6622-6626页

作者： Terumi Kamisawa Hajime Anjiki Naoto Egawa Masanao Kurata Goro Honda kouji tsuruta Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital3-18-22 HonkomagomeBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8677Japan Department of Surgery Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital3-18-22 HonkomagomeBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8677Japan

The sphincter of Oddi is located at the distal end of the pancreatic and bile ducts and regulates the outflow of bile and pancreatic juice. A common channel can be so long that the junction of the pancreatic and bile ducts is located outside of the duodenal wall, as occurs in pancreaticobiliary maljunction （PBM）; in such cases, sphincter action does not functionally affect the junction. As the hydropressure within the pancreatic duct is usually greater than in the bile duct, pancreatic juice frequently refluxes into the biliary duct （pancreatobiliary reflux） in PBM, resulting in carcinogenetic conditions in the biliary tract. Pancreatobiliary reflux can be diagnosed from elevated amylase level in the bile, secretinstimulated dynamic magnetic resonance cholangiop ancreatography, and pancreatography via the minor duodenal papilla. Recently, it has become obvious that pancreatobiliary reflux can occur in individuals without PBM. Pancreatobiliary reflux might be related to biliary carcinogenesis even in some individuals without PBM. Since few systemic studies exist with respect to clinical relevance and implications of the pancreatobiliary reflux in individuals with normal pancreaticobiliary junction, further prospective clinical studies including appropriate management should be performed.

关键词： Pancreatobiliary reflux Pancreaticobiliary maljunction Biliary cancer

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Pancreatic cancer with a high serum IgG4 concentration

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第38期12卷 6225-6228页

作者： Terumi Kamisawa Pong Yui Chen Yuyang Tu Hitoshi Nakajima Naoto Egawa kouji tsuruta Atsutake Okamoto Tsunekazu Hishima Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital Bukyo-ku Tokyo Japan Department of Surgery Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan Department of Pathology Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan

Differentiation between autoimmune pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer is sometimes difficult. It has been reported that serum IgG4 concentrations are significantly elevated and particularly high (>135 mg/dL) in autoimmune pancreatitis. Measurement of serum IgG4 has become a useful tool for differentiating between autoimmune pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. However, we present a 74-year-old female with a markedly elevated serum IgG4 (433 mg/dL) who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic cancer. Elevated serum IgG4 levels continued after the resection. On histology, adenocarcinoma of the pancreas accompanied with moderate lymphoplasmacytic infiltration infiltrated the lower bile duct and duodenum, but there were no findings of autoimmune pancreatitis. Although a small metastasis was detected in one parapancreatic lymph node, regional lymph nodes were swollen. Abundant IgG4-positive plasma cells infiltrated the cancerous areas of the pancreas, but only a few IgG4-positive plasma cells were detected in the noncancerous areas. Pancreatic cancer cells were not immunoreactive for IgG4. An abundant infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells was detected in the swollen regional lymph nodes and in the duodenal mucosa. We believe that the serum IgG4 level was elevated in this patient with pancreatic cancer as the result of an IgG4-related systemic disease that had no clinical manifestations other than lymphadenopathy.

关键词： IgG4 Pancreatic cancer Autoimmune pancreatitis

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MRCP and MRI findings in 9 patients with autoimmune pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第18期12卷 2919-2922页

作者： Terumi Kamisawa Pong-Yui Chen Yuyang Tu Hitoshi Nakajima Naoto Egawa kouji tsuruta Atsutake Okamoto Noriko Kamata Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital Bukyo-ku Tokyo Japan Department of Surgery Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan Department of Radiology Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan

AIM： To evaluate magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography （HRCP） findings in conjunction with magnetic resonance （MR） images in autoimmune pancreatitis （AIP） patients. METHODS： Nine patients with AIP underwent HRI, HRCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography （ERCP）, computed tomography, and ultrasonography. The HRCP and MR images taken before and after steroid therapy were reviewed and compared with other imaging modalities. The HRCP findings of the AIP cases were compared to those of 10 cases with carcinoma of the head of the pancreas.RESULTS： On MRCP, the narrowed portion of the main pancreatic duct noted on ERCP was not visualized, while the non-involved segments of the main pancreatic duct were visualized. The degree of upstream dilatation of the proximal main pancreatic duct was milder than that seen in cases of pancreatic carcinoma. Stenosis or obstruction of the lower bile duct was detected in 8 patients. MR images showed enlargement of the pancreas with decreased signal intensity on T1- weighted MR images, increased signal intensity on T2- weighted MR images, and, in 3 patients, a hypointense capsule-like rim. After steroid therapy, the previously not visualized portion of the main pancreatic duct was seen, along with improvement of the bile duct stenosis. Pancreatic enlargement decreased, and the abnormal signal intensity on both T1- and T2-weighted MR images became isointense.CONCLUSION： MRCP cannot differentiate irregular narrowing of the main pancreatic duct seen with AIP from stenosis of the main pancreatic duct seen with pancreatic carcinoma. However, MRCP findings in conjunction with MR imaging of pancreatic enlargement that shows abnormal signal intensity on T1- and T2- weighted MR images are useful in supporting a diagnosis of AIP.

关键词： Autoimmune pancreatitis Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography Magnetic resonance

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Accumulation of Rare Earth Elements in Various Microorganisms

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Journal of Rare Earths 2007年第5期25卷 526-532页

作者： Takehiko tsuruta Department of Chemical Engineering on Biological Environment Hachinohe Institute of Technology 88-1 Azaohbiraki Onazamyoh Hachinohe Aomori 031-8501 Japan

The removal of rare earth elements （REEs） from solution in various microorganisms was examined. Seventy-six strains from 69 species （22 bacteria, 20 actinomycetes, 18 fungi, and 16 yeasts） were tested. Initially, Sm was used to test the removal capabilities of the various organisms. Gram-positive bacteria, such as Bacillus licheniformis, B. subtilis, Brevibacterium helovolum, and Rhodococcus elythropolis, exhibited a particularly high capacity for accumulating Sm. In particular, the B. lichemiformis cells accumulated approximately 316 μmol Sm per gram dry wt. of microbial cells. A full suite of screenings was then conducted to compare the abilities of the organisms to remove Se, Y, La, Er, and, Lu from solution. Tests were done with solutions containing one REE at a time. Accumulation was nearly identical for the various metals and organisms. However, when solutions with equimolar amounts of two REEs were used, preferential removal from solution was observed. When an Eu/Gd solution was used, gram-positive bacteria removed more Eu and Gd as compared to actinomycetes. When Eu/Sm combination was used, gram-positive bacteria removed equal mounts of both metals and some actinomycetes removed more Eu. The selective removal was quantified by calculating separation factors （S. F.）, which indicated that Streptomyces levoris cells accumulated the greatest proportion of Eu. The removal of REEs from a solution containing five metals （Y, La, Sm, Er, and Lu） was then examined. Mucorjavanicus preferentially accumulated Sm and S. flavoviridis preferentially accumulated Lu. The effects of pH and Sm concentration on the accumulation of Sm by B. licheniformis were also examined. Accumulation increased at higher pH and at greater solution concentrations.

关键词： Sm accumulation selective rare earth accumulation microorganism gram-positive bacteria actinomycetes

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Exploring genes that control microglial heterogeneity and transition

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第12期16卷 2397-2398页

作者： Tomomi Okajima Fuminori tsuruta Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of TsukubaTsukubaIbarakiJapan Master’s and Doctoral Programs in Biology Faculty of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaIbarakiJapan Master’s and Doctoral Program in Neuroscience Graduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaIbarakiJapan PhD Program in Human Biology School of Integrative and Global MajorsUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaIbarakiJapan PhD Program in Humanics School of Integrative and Global MajorsUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaIbarakiJapan

Microglia,which comprise approximately 10%of total cells in the brain,are the resident immune cells in the central nervous system and contribute to maintaining the brain homeostasis through monitoring their microenvironment(Kettenmann et al.,2011).Recent studies have reported that microglia also regulate neural circuit formation after *** functional transition in microglia has been considered to correlate with their morphological changes over time.

关键词： al. homeostasis transition

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