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Spectrum of Acute Non Traumatic diffuse Secondary Peritonitis in the Tropics

Surgical Science 2020年第5期11卷 89-98页

作者： Mamadou Traore kouakou Ibrahim Anzoua Kouamé Bernadin kouakou Ismael Kalou Leh Bi Ahou Bernadette N’dri Aka Gerald Kakou Serge Amos Ekra Blaise Amos kouakou Inza Bamba Roger Lebeau Bamourou diane General and digestive Surgery department Bouaké Teaching Hospital Bouaké Republic of C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Background: Peritonitis is one of the most common surgical emergency in tropical countries. It is still a significant cause of mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to describe the aetiology of acute non traumatic diffuse secondary peritonitis (ANdSP) and to report the outcome after treatment. Material and Methods: A retrospective survey of patients with ANdSP was carried out from January 2007 to december 2016 in the digestive and General Surgery Service of Bouaké Teaching Hospital in the central part of Côte d’Ivoire. The hospital is a tertiary referral centre and serves urban and rural population from Bouaké’s agglomeration but also from the whole central and northern parts of the country. during the study period, all patients found to have at laparotomy ANdSP were included. The analysed variables include epidemiologic charts, clinical presentation, cause of peritonitis, surgical treatment, postoperative outcome and prognostic factors. Results: Over the studied period 626 cases of ANdSP were operated on. The main aetiologies were gastroduodenal peptic ulcer perforation (n = 252, 41.1%), typhoid ileal perforation (n = 207, 33%) and appendicular peritonitis (n = 123, 19.6%). The mean duration of hospital stay was 13.8 ± 9.6 days (range 8 - 87 days). The length of hospital stay was significantly influenced by postoperative complications (23.5 ± 5.4 days versus 10.8 ± 2.7 days P = 0.000000). Two hundred and sixty one postoperative complications were recorded in 242 patients (38.6%) with wound infection being the commonest postoperative complication. A repeat laparotomy was indicated in 73 patients. Eigthy (n = 80) patients died (mortality 11.2%). Risk factors for death were hemodynamic shock, ASA > II, Age ≥ 60 years, M PI > 29 and digestive sutures performed in septic environment below the transverse mesocolon. Conclusion: The spectrum of aetiology of ANdSP in this tropical area is different from the one observed in the Western countries. Proper treatment o

关键词： Peritonitis Appendicitis Typhoid Perforation Gastrointestinal Ulcer Perforation Prognostic

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Evaluation of Pollution due to Gold Mining at Ity-Floleu Area in Sub-Prefecture of Zouan-Hounien, Western Côte d’Ivoire

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2019年第12期7卷 20-41页

作者： Gbamélé Kouassi Serge Konan kouakou Séraphin Kouassi kouakou Lazare Brou Loukou Alexis Konan Koffi Félix Bini Kouamé dongui Laboratory of Geosciences and Environment University Jean Lorougnon Guede Daloa Côte d’Ivoire departement of Geology University Jean Lorougnon Guede Daloa Côte d’Ivoire Laboratory of Ecology Biodiversity and Evolution University Jean Lorougnon Guede Daloa Côte d’Ivoire Laboratory of Environment Chemistry and Materials University Jean Lorougnon Guede Daloa Côte d’Ivoire

This study aims to evaluate the mineral pollution of a gold mining environment in the sub-Prefecture of Zouan-Hounien (C?;te d’Ivoire). Samples were taken from surface water and flesh and skin samples of the Cavally River fish species over a period of two successive years. Concentrations in major elements, trace elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn), nutrients () and physico-chemical parameters in situ were measured. The results obtained show that the surface waters have very low pH with an average of 5.70. For nutrient salts, the deterioration of water quality in the study area is mainly related to alterations by nitrates, phosphates and sulphates. The concentrations of Fe, Cu, Hg and Pb are above the existing standards (international, FAO/WHO) for the majority of the stations, thus causing the deterioration of the surface water quality. Therefore, their use for agricultural irrigation could have negative impact on the health of the population and on biodiversity. Regarding the bioindicating species, the results obtained after analysis of samples showed that the fish (carp and machoiron) have Fe, Cu, Hg and Pb concentrations higher than the existing standards (international, FAO/WHO) exposing consumers to high health risks. This study showed good correlation between the high values of surface water turbidity and the proximity of gold washing sites. The use of the principal component analysis (PCA) of the physicochemical dataset revealed comparable behaviors for certain minerals within the groups (Fe, K, Mg, Mn and Na) and (As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Ca) in water. The Ascending Hierarchical Classification (AHC) analysis has defined three different classes of surface water in the study area. The presence of mineral trace elements in these receiving environments is of natural origin but would be strongly accentuated by human activities.

关键词： Cavally River Fish Gold Mining Major Elements Nutritious Salts Surface Water Trace Elements

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Assessment of the Quality of Sediments and Agricultural Soils: Case of the Ity-Floleu Area in the Prefecture of Zouan-Hounien, Western Côte d’Ivoire

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第12期8卷 255-275页

作者： Konan kouakou Séraphin Gbamélé Kouassi Serge doffou Richard Jean Olive Brou Loukou Alexis Kouassi kouakou Lazare dongui Bini Kouamé Laboratory of Geosciences and Environment University Jean Lorougnon Guede Daloa C&ocirc te d’Ivoire departement of Geology University Jean Lorougnon Guede Daloa C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

The objective of this study is to assess the level of metal contamination of sediments and agricultural soils in the Ity-Floleu zone. The concentrations of trace elements (Fe, Mn, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn) were measured in different seasons over two successive years. The sediment pollution index made it possible to note that the sediments and agricultural soils of the various stations studied are highly polluted in all seasons. The calculation of the geoaccumulation index indicates that surface water sediments most often experience extreme or moderate pollution in As, Cd, Cu, Hg and Zn in the dry or rainy season except in Pb in some cases. We observed that the sediments of the Cavally river present a serious pollution due to extreme anthropic activities carried out along the river. Over the entire region, the results of the potential ecological risk index (RI) indicate that all the sediments and agricultural soils analysed present a moderate ecological risk in terms of Pb and Zn in certain cases and an ecological risk is observed low bound to other metals in all seasons. This metallic pollution generated by human activities in this region can have consequences for the environment and biodiversity.

关键词： Anthropogenic Activities Cavally River Contamination Factors Contamination Indices Metallic Trace Elements Sediments and Agricultural Soils

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Physico-Chemical Characterization of Nine Agricultural Biomasses of the Togolese Flora

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International Journal of Geosciences 2023年第1期14卷 19-35页

作者： Adjo Cynthia kouakou Agbekonyi Kokou Agbodan Awèdéou Bakpo Moursalou Koriko Koffi Fiaty Simalou Oudjaniyobi Koffi Jondo Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et des Ressources Naturelles (LAGEPREN) Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Laboratoire Gestion Traitement et Valorisation des Déchets (GTVD) Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Laboratoire d’Automatique de Génie des Procédés et de Génie Pharmaceutique (LAGEPP) Batiment CPE Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon France Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et des Substances Naturelles (Lab COSNat) Université de Lomé Lomé Togo

Green coal or bio-coal is coal produced with rich biodegradable materials, elaborated from agricultural and household residues with a high percentage of carbon. This green charcoal (fuel briquettes) is an alternative to charcoal. Well known for its contribution to greenhouse gas emissions, charcoal is one of the causes of tree felling. The valorization of waste by the manufacture of biofuels could be an alternative to the use of charcoal. The general objective of the present study is the valorization of nine biomasses from Togo as raw materials. Specifically, physico-chemical characteristics such as dehydration, acidity, and conductivity were determined. Information on the structure and composition of the biomass was found. These data on the nature of the biomass were found through the use of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Thermogravimetry (TGA). The promising results inform on the nature of the analyzed samples and allow the selection of the best biomass which would give an important thermal conductivity for the manufacture of the briquettes, but also of the binders to be used according to the physico-chemical characteristics like the pH.

关键词： Biomass Valorization Briquettes Material Fuels Physicochemical Characterization

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dimensioning of an Anaerobic digester for the Treatment of Chicken Manure and for the Production of Biogas: The Case Study of a Chicken Farm in Yaokokoroko (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2022年第4期12卷 91-103页

作者： kouakou Adjoumani Rodrigue Ehouman Ahissan donatien Konan Affoué Tindo Sylvie Teki Adjoba Marie-Emmanuelle Kouadio Marc Cyril Adou kouakou Eric Konan Gbangbo Remis Laboratoire de Thermodynamique et de Physico-Chimie du Milieu (LTPCM) UFR Sciences Fondamentales Appliquées Université Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire département de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences de la Terre et des Ressources Minières Ressources en Eaux et Risques Hydrologiques Institut National Polytechnique Felix Houphou&#235 t-Boigny Yamoussoukro C&#244 te d’Ivoire Institut de Recherche sur les Energies Nouvelles Université Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Laboratoire des Procédés Industriels de Synthèse de l’Environnement et des énergies Nouvelles (LAPISEN) Institut National Polytechnique Houphou&#235 t-Boigny Yamoussoukro C&#244 te d’Ivoire

This study allowed us to highlight the level of pollution of a BAYA River water near several poultry farms and the sizing of an anaerobic digester that will be able to treat chicken manure from a poultry farm (BRIN FOUNdATION). To evaluate this pollution, the parameters such as ammonium (NH4+), Phosphate (PO43-), Biochemical Oxygen demand (dBO5) and Nitrate (NO3-) were determined. For sampling point P1, the concentrations in mg/L of these parameters are (25.00 ± 4.25), (0.40 ± 0.20), (98.00 ± 6.35) and (96.00 ± 5.35), respectively. On the other hand, for sampling point P2, the concentrations in mg/L of these parameters are respectively (33.00 ± 9.05), (0.70 ± 0.12), (123 ± 7.13) and (93 ± 7.10). These values indicate a strong organic pollution of the BAYA River. The determination of the different concentrations of the organic pollution parameters allowed us to evaluate the degradation and the quality of the water of the BAYA River water, by the poultry activity. However, considering the physicochemical properties of the waste (chicken manure), which is the main source of organic pollution, we have considered an energy recovery through the production of biogas. This requires the design, sizing, and implementation of an anaerobic digester in a poultry farm. Therefore, the project would require the construction of an adapted masonry type anaerobic digester with a capacity of 10 m3.

关键词： Biogas Organic Pollution Surface Water Biodigester Chicken Manure Anaerobic digestion

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1d-2d Hydraulic Modeling of a diversion Channel on the Cavally River in Zouan-Hounien,Cote d’Ivoire

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2019年第8期11卷 1036-1048页

作者： Kouassi kouakou Lazare Brou Loukou Alexis Yao Affoue Berthe Kouadio Zile Alex Konan kouakou Seraphin Konan Koffi Felix Koffi Berenger department of Geology University Jean Lorougnon GUEDEDaloaCote d’Ivoire

On the Cavally River, located on the border between C?te d’Ivoire and Liberia, several hydraulic structures such as bridges and diversion channels are planned to be made in recent years in the operating perimeter of the Ity mining company. A 1d-2d hydraulic model was developed to design a diversion channel to cut a meander of the Cavally River in order to ensure hydraulic operation similar to the initial conditions of the river (water levels, flow and velocities). This model was designed with a flow rate of 240 m3/s and a Manning coefficient of 0.052 m1/3·s-1 for the minor bed and 0.06 m1/3·s-1 for the major bed. The results from the hydraulic model show that the hydraulic conditions (water levels, velocities) in the channel before and after the diversion remain almost like those of the Cavally River.

关键词： Hydraulic Modeling diversion Channel Cavally River Ity Cote d’Ivoire

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Sizing of a Filter (<i>L-C</i>) for a 180°Control Inverter Connected to a Medium Voltage Network

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2021年第5期11卷 565-576页

作者： kouakou Fernand Koffi Gondo Yake Raymond Gbegbe Georges Loum Olivier Asseu Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouë t Boigny (INP-HB) Yamoussoukro C&#244 te d’Ivoire Université Félix Houphouë t Boigny (UFHB) Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Ecole Supérieure Africaine des Technologies d’Information et de la Communication (ESATIC) Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire

This paper studies the design and sizing of a filter (L-C) for an inverter with 180° control in Medium voltage (MV), based on formulas of the capacitance of the capacitor C and the inductance L of the filter (L-C) of an SPWM inverter. These formulas were obtained by minimizing two parameters: the reactive power of the capacitor (capped at 5% of the apparent power of the load) and the ripple of the current flowing through inductance L (capped at 10% of the current supplying the load). The application of these formulas for the calculation of the filter (L-C) of the 180° control inverter in MV is not conclusive. Studies have been carried out to make them applicable. The results show that limiting the current ripple in the inductor to 10% of the load current is a valid assumption and that limiting the reactive power of the capacitor to 5% of the apparent power of the load presents shortcomings. The results also show that setting the inductance L of the filter to Lmaxi and the capacitor C from 35 × Cmaxi to 400 × Cmaxi gives voltage and current THds that meet the 519 IEEE-2014 standards.

关键词： filter (L-C) THd inverter with 180° control and with SPWM control mathematical iterations MV. MATLAB-SIMULINK

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Land Use dynamics in the department of Séguéla, Northwestern Côte d’Ivoire

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Advances in Remote Sensing 2022年第3期12卷 63-79页

作者： Arthur Brice Konan-Waidhet kouakou Hervé Kouassi Kouamé Elyass Kanga Laboratory of Science and Technology of Environment Jean Lorougnon Guédé University Daloa C&#244 te d’Ivoire

Land use monitoring occupies a very important place in the analysis of the dynamics of the earth system. It helps to understand the organization and helps to provide relevant elements for the establishment of diagnoses and the development of environmental forecasts. The objective of this study is to follow the evolution of the agricultural landscape in the department of Séguéla from 1988 to 2020 and to make a prediction for 2050, in order to manage the spaces reasonably. The methodology adopted is based on the one hand on the processing of satellite images for the analysis of land cover and on the other hand on predictive modeling (LCM model) by 2050. The results obtained show that the land use maps produced after processing the satellite images made it possible to highlight the dynamics of the agricultural landscape in this part of the Worodougou region. during the period 1988 to 2020, we witness an increase in the area of cultivated territory as well as a slight reduction in wooded savannas which are largely made up of perennial crops (cashew trees, cocoa trees, coffee trees, etc.). These two aforementioned classes have respective annual rates of change of 2.42% and −0.44%. A scenario modeling land cover changes in 2050 with an overall accuracy of 80.35% revealed a continued growth of crops and fallows to the detriment of natural forests and wooded savannas.

关键词： Satellite Images Land Use LCM Model Land Cover Change Séguéla

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Systemic Form of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Epidemiological, Clinical, Paraclinical and Therapeutic Aspects of 13 Cases in Abidjan

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune diseases 2017年第2期7卷 103-110页

作者： Mohamed diomandé Abidou Kawélé Coulibaly Astrid Nawé Ngandeu Cyprien kouakou Ehaulier Soh Christian Louis kouakou Kouassi Jean Mermoz djaha Mariam Gbané-Koné Baly Ouattara Edmond Eti Jean Claude daboiko Marcel N’zué kouakou department of Rheumatology University Hospital Center of Cocody Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire department of Pediatrics University Hospital Center of Cocody Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire department of Rheumatology University Hospital Center of Bouaké Bouaké C&#244te d’Ivoire

Objective: To describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic aspects of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis observed in Abidjan. Materials and Method: This retrospective and descriptive study covered 13 children suffering from systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis selected in the Rheumatology department of University Hospital Center of Cocody in Abidjan (Cote d’Ivoire) from January 2005 to december 2015. We were interested to the sociodemographical, clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic aspects. Results: The systemic form of the juvenile idiopathic arthritis represented 0.2% of the 4608 rheumatologic diseases and 70.58% of the JIA. We selected 6 boys and 7 girls, with an average age of 10.8 years and mostly going to school (84.61%). The diagnostic delay was 18 months. The main clinical signs were fever and joint damage observed each in 100% of cases, impaired general condition (92.30%) and tumor syndrome (83.33%). Biological signs were characterized by hyperleukocytosis (69.20%) and the presence of a biologic inflammatory syndrome (on average, erythrocyte sedimentation rate 59.6 mm and C Reactive Protein 56.4 mg/l). The cervical damage was the essential functional complication (38.46%). The major treatment has been a therapeutic combination based on corticotherapy and methotrexate (100%) with 1 death case by macrophage activation syndrome. Conclusion: Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis is rarely diagnosed in the rheumatologic practice in Abidjan. It concerns children relatively big, and is characterized by a febrile polyarthritis with impaired general condition and tumor syndrome. This systemic form is treated by corticotherapy and methotrexate.

关键词： Systemic Idiopathic Juvenile Arthritis Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Profile Children Abidjan

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Surgical Management of a Giant Hydrocele of the Vagina in Adult

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Surgical Science 2020年第9期11卷 274-280页

作者： Anzoua kouakou Ibrahim kouakou Kouame Bernadin Traore Mamadou Gnangoran Koffi Marcelin Leh Bi Kalou Ismael N’dri Ahou Bernadette Ekra Amos kouakou Amos Bamba Inza Avion Kouassi Patrick Assohoun Krahibouet Toussaint Lebeau Roger diane Bamourou General and digestive Surgery department Bouaké Hospital and University Center Bouaké C&ocirc te d’Ivoire General and digestive Surgery department Yopougon Hospital and University Center Yopougon C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Introduction: Vaginal hydrocele is an amber-colored, sterile collection found between the parietal and visceral testis. It is said to be giant when it is larger than the patient’s skull or when it contains more than two liters of liquid. Objective: To report our method and the result of the surgical treatment. Observation: The authors reported an observation of a 50-year-old patient who consulted for a painless large left bursa. Clinical and paraclinical investigations, in particular scrotal ultrasound, have made it possible to diagnose a giant hydrocele of the vagina. The patient had surgical treatment which consisted of resecting of the vagina with hemostatic suture of the resected vaginal slice. The post-operation effects were not complicated. After a six-month setup, we did not notice any recurrence. Conclusion: Resection of the vagina with hemostatic suture of the resected vaginal slice in case of giant hydrocele could certainly give good results.

关键词： Giant Hydrocele Surgical Treatment

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