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Atmospheric and Coupled Model Intercomparison in Terms of Amplitude—Phase Characteristics of Surface Air Temperature Annual Cycle

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2004年第6期21卷 837-847页

作者： Alexey v. ELISEEv Igor I. MOKHOv konstantin G. RUBINSTEIN Maria S. GUSEvA A. M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS 3 Pyzhevsky 119017 Moscow RussiaA. M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS 3 Pyzhevsky 119017 Moscow RussiaRussian Hydrometcentre 9 Bol. Predtechensky 123242 Moscow RussiaRussian Hydrometcentre 9 Bol. Predtechensky 123242 Moscow Russia

A model intercomparison in terms of surface air temperature annual cycle amplitude-phase characteristics (SAT AC APC) is performed. The models included in the intercomparison belong to two groups: five atmospheric models with prescribed sea surface temperature and sea ice cover and four coupled models forced by the atmospheric abundances of anthropogenic constituents (in total six coupled model simulations). Over land, the models, simulating higher than observed time averaged SAT, also tend to simulate smaller than observed amplitude of its annual and semiannual harmonics and (outside the Tropics) later-than-observed spring and autumn moments. The models with larger (smaller) time averaged amplitudes of annual and semiannual harmonics also tend to simulate larger (smaller) interannual standard deviations. Over the oceans, the coupled models with larger interannual standard deviations of annual mean SAT tend to simulate larger interannual standard deviations of both annual and semiannual SAT harmonics amplitudes. Most model errors are located in the belts 60°–70°N and 60°–70°S and over Antarctica. These errors are larger for those coupled models which do not employ dynamical modules for sea ice. No systematic differences are found in the simulated time averaged fields of the surface air temperature annual cycle characteristics for atmospheric models on one hand and for the coupled models on the other. But the coupled models generally simulate interannual variability of SAT AC APC better than the atmospheric models (which tend to underestimate it). For the coupled models, the results are not very sensitive to the choice of the particular scenario of anthropogenic forcing. There is a strong linear positive relationship between the model simulated time averaged semiannual SAT harmonics amplitude and interannual standard deviation of annual mean SAT. It is stronger over the tropical oceans and is weaker in the extratropics. In the tropical oceanic areas, it is stronger f

关键词： annual cycle reanalysis data climate model intercomparison

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SIMULTANEOUS IMAGING OF A lacZ-MARKED TUMOR AND MICROvASCULATURE MORPHOLOGY IN vIvO BY DUAL-WAvELENGTH PHOTOACOUSTIC MICROSCOPY

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2008年第2期1卷 207-215页

作者： LI LI HAO F.ZHANG ROGER J.ZEMP konstantin MASLOv LIHONG v.WANG Optical Imaging Laboratory Department of Biomedical Engineering Washington University in St.Louis St.LouisMissouri 63130USA Department of Electrical Engineering University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee Wisconsin 53201USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta EdmontonAlberta T6G2V4Canada

Photoacoustic molecular imaging,combined with the reporter-gene technique,can provide a valuable tool for cancer *** expression of the lacZ reporter gene can be imaged using photoacoustic imaging following the injection of X-gal,a colorimetric assay for the lacZ-encoded enzymeβ-***-wavelength photoacoustic microscopy was used to non-invasively image the detailed morphology of a lacZ-marked 9L gliosarcoma and its surrounding microvasculature simultaneously in vivo,with a superior resolution on the order of 10μ***-feeding vessels were found,and the expression level of lacZ in tumor was *** future development of new absorption-enhancing reporter-gene systems,we anticipate this strategy can lead to a better understanding of the role of tumor metabolism in cancer initiation,progression,and metastasis,and in its response to therapy.

关键词： Photoacoustic molecular imaging gene expression reporter gene

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Structural correlation and chemistry of molten NaF-ScF_(3) with dissolved metal aluminium:TG/DTA,XRD,NMR and molecular dynamics simulations

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3356-3369页

作者： Aydar Rakhmatullin Frantisek Simko Didier Zanghi Zuzana Netriová Ilya BPolovov Ayrat Dimiev konstantin v.Maksimtsev Catherine Bessada Michal Korenko Conditions Extrêmes et Materiaux:Haute Température et Irradiation CEMHTIUPR 3079-CNRS Univ Orleans45071 OrleansFrance Department of Molten Systems Institute of Inorganic ChemistrySlovak Academy of Sciences84536 BratislavaSlovakia Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Application-CEMEA Slovak Academy of Sciences84511Bratislava.Slovakia Department of Rare Metals and Nanomaterials Institute of Physics and TechnologyUral Federal UniversityUral Federal University620002 EkaterinburgRussia Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry Kazan Federal University420008KazanRussia

For the first time,the mechanism of metal aluminum dissolution in NaF-ScF_(3) eutectic melts and the chemical interaction between the constituents of this mixture have been thoroughly studied by a combination of differential thermal analysis(DTA),high temperature and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),and X-ray diffraction(XRD) coupled with the molecular dynamic *** formation of an insoluble Al_(3)Sc alloy in molten(NaF-ScF_(3))_(eut)system was proven,and the chemical mechanism of this aluminothermic Al_(3)Sc alloy production was *** ex situ examinations bring to light the formation of NaScF_4 and solid solution of Na_(3)(Al,Sc)F_(6) in cooled *** molecular dynamics calculations of the bath allow us to construct the structural model and to predict viscosity,density and electrical conductivity of the reagent melt to help to optimize the conditions of the alloy synthesis.

关键词： Scandium Alloy Molten salts NMR Molecular dynamics

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Triggers and sources of volatile-bearing plumes in the mantle transition zone

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第5期6卷 679-685页

作者： Inna Safonova konstantin Litasov Shigenori Maruyama v.S.Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS Novosibirsk State University Earth-Life Science Institute Tokyo Institute of Technology

The paper discusses generation of volatile-bearing plumes in the mantle transition zone(MTZ) in terms of mineral-fluid petrology and their related formation of numerous localities of intra-plate bimodal volcanic series in Central and East *** plume generation in the MTZ can be triggered by the tectonic erosion of continental crust at Pacific-type convergent margins and by the presence of water and carbon dioxide in the *** probable sources of volatiles are the hyclrated/carbonated sediments and basalts and serpentinite of oceanic slabs,which can be subducted down to the deep *** erosion of continental crust supplies crustal material enriched in uranium and thorium into the mantle,which can serve source of heat in the *** heating in the MTZ induces melting of subducted slabs and continental crust and mantle upwelling,to produce OIB-type mafic and felsic melts,respectively.

关键词： Asis Pacific-type convergent margin Continental cr

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Actuality and underlying mechanisms of systemic immuneinflammation index and geriatric nutritional risk index prognostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第2期16卷 260-265页

作者： konstantin Y Tchilikidi Department of Surgery with Postgraduate Education Altai State Medical UniversityBarnaul 656031Russia

This editorial contains comments on the article“Correlation between preoperative systemic immune inflammation index,nutritional risk index,and prognosis of radical resection of liver cancer”in a recent issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal *** pointed out the actuality and importance of the article and focused primarily on the underlying mechanisms making the systemic immuneinflammation index(SII)and geriatric nutritional risk index(GNRI)prediction features *** are few publications on both SII and GNRI together in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and patient prognosis after radical *** release cytokines,chemokines,and enzymes,degrade extracellular matrix,reduce cell adhesion,and create conditions for tumor cell *** promote the adhesion of tumor cells to endothelial cells,through physical *** results in the migration of tumor ***-angiogenic factors from platelets enhance tumor angiogenesis to meet tumor cell supply *** can form a protective film on the surface of tumor *** allows avoiding blood flow damage as well as immune system *** also induces the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of tumor cells that is critical for *** SII is also associated with macro-and microvascular invasion and increased numbers of circulating tumor cells.A high GNRI was associated with significantly better progression-free and overall *** patients are a very special population that requires increased *** and GNRI have significant survival prediction value in both palliative treatment and radical surgery *** underlying mechanisms of their possible predictive properties lie in the field of essential cancer *** features provide tumor nutrition,growth,and distribution throughout the body,such as vascular *** the other hand,they are tied to the possibility of patients to resist tumor progression and development of complications in bot

关键词： Systemic immune-inflammation index Geriatric nutritional risk index Radical surgery Transarterial chemoembolization Hepatocellular carcinoma Prognosis

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Ex vivo liver resection and auto-transplantation and special systemic therapy in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma treatment

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 635-640页

作者： konstantin Y Tchilikidi Department of Surgery with Postgraduate Education Altai State Medical UniversityBarnaul 656031Russia

This editorial contains comments on the article“Systematic sequential therapy for ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation:A case report and review of li-terature”in the recent issue of World Journal of Gastrointestinal *** points out the actuality and importance of the article and focuses primarily on the role and place of ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation(ELRAT)and systemic therapy,underlying molecular mechanisms for targeted therapy in perihilar cho-langiocarcinoma(pCCA)*** is a tough malignancy with a high proportion of advanced disease at the time of *** only curative option is radical *** excision and reconstruction become extremely com-plicated and not always could be performed even in localized *** the other hand,ELRAT takes its place among surgical options for carefully selected pCCA *** advanced disease,systemic therapy becomes a viable option to prolong *** editorial describes current possibilities in chemotherapy and reveals underlying mechanisms and projections in targeted therapy with ki-nase inhibitors and immunotherapy in both palliative and adjuvant ***-broblast grow factor and fibroblast grow factor receptor,human epidermal grow-th factor receptor 2,isocitrate dehydrogenase,and protein kinase cAMP activated catalytic subunit alpha(PRKACA)and beta(PRKACB)pathways have been ac-tively investigated in CCA in last *** agents were introduced and approved by the Food and Drug *** all demonstrated mean-ingful activity in CCA patients with no global change in *** is why every successfully treated patient counts,especially those with advanced *** conclusion,pCCA is still hard to treat due to late diagnosis and extremely complicated surgical *** also brings some hope,but it could be performed in very carefully selected *** disease requires systemic anticancer treatment,which is supposed to be indivi

关键词： Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma Klatskin’tumor Ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Targeted therapy

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Liver graft preservation methods during cold ischemia phase and normothermic machine perfusion

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2019年第3期11卷 126-142页

作者： konstantin Y Tchilikidi Department of Surgery Altai State Medical University

The growing demand for donor organs requires measures to expand donor *** include extended criteria donors, such as elderly people, steatotic livers,donation after cardiac death, etc. Static cold storage to reduce metabolic requirements developed by Collins in late 1960 s is the mainstay and the golden standard for donated organ protection. Hypothermic machine perfusion provides dynamic organ preservation at 4°C with protracted infusion of metabolic substrates to the graft during the ex vivo period. It has been used instead of static cold storage or after it as short perfusion in transplant center. Normothermic machine perfusion(NMP) delivers oxygen, and nutrition at physiological temperature mimicking regular environment in order to support cellular function. This would minimize effects of ischemia/reperfusion ***, NMP may help to estimate graft functionality before implantation into a recipient. Clinical studies demonstrated at least its non-inferiority or better outcomes vs static cold storage. Regular grafts donated after brain death could be safely preserved with convenient static cold storage. Except for prolonged ischemia time where hypothermic machine perfusion started in transplant center could be estimated to provide possible positive reconditioning effect. Use of hypothermic machine perfusion in regular donation instead of static cold storage or in extended criteria donors requires further investigation. Multicenter randomized clinical trial supposed to be completed in December 2021. Extended criteria donors need additional measures for graft storage and assessment until its implantation. NMP is actively evaluating promising method for this *** studies are necessary for precise estimation and confirmation to issue clinical practice recommendations.

关键词： Liver graft preservation Graft preservation solutions Static cold storage Hypothermic machine perfusion Normothermic machine perfusion Ischemia-reperfusion injury Marginal grafts Donation after cardiac death Extended criteria donors Transplant complications

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Band Structure and Optical Gain of InGaAs/GaAsBi Type-Ⅱ Quantum Wells Modeled by the k·p Model

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Chinese Physics Letters 2018年第5期35卷 133-136页

作者： Chang Wang Wenwu Pan konstantin Kolokolov Shumin Wang Key Laboratory of Terahertz Solid-State Technology Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200050 School of Physical Science and Technology Shanghai Tech University Shanghai 201210 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 Faculty of Physics M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow 119991 Russia Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg 41296 Sweden

Optical gains of type-Ⅱ In Ga As/Ga As Bi quantum wells（QWs） with W, N, and M shapes are analyzed theoretically for near-infrared laser applications. The bandgap and wave functions are calculated using the self-consistent k·p Hamiltonian, taking into account valence band mixing and the strain effect. Our calculations show that the M-shaped type-Ⅱ QWs are a promising structure for making 1.3 um lasers at room temperature because they can easily be used to obtain 1.3 um for photoluminescence with a proper thickness and have large wave-function overlap for high optical gain.

关键词： As Bi In Ga Band Structure and Optical Gain of InGaAs/GaAsBi Type Quantum Wells Modeled by the k p Model

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On the winter enhancement of adaptive humoral immunity: hypothesis testing in desert hamsters (Phodopus roborovskii: Cricetidae, Rodentia) kept under long-day and short-day photoperiod

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第3期15卷 232-247页

作者： Nina Yu.vASILIEvA Anastasiya M.KHRUSHCHOvA Alexander v.KUPTSOv Olga N.SHEKAROvA Olga v.SOKOLOvA Dehua WANG konstantin A.ROGOvIN Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS MoscowRussia Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Science Chaoyang DistrictBeijingChina

We tested the winter immunity enhancement hypothesis(WIEH)on male desert hamsters(Phodopus roborovskii)kept under long-day(LD)and short-day(SD)*** assumed that under SD in a laboratory,the adaptive humoral immune responsiveness to the antigenic challenge would be enhanced due to the lack of winter physical stressors and food shortages and/or because of the action of an endogenous winter bolstering mechanism,while under LD the immune responsiveness would be suppressed by the activity of the reproductive *** results support the WIEH in *** did not find a difference in antibody production in response to sheep erythrocytes between SD and LD hamsters,but SD males had the lower number of granulocytes and the higher number of lymphocytes in white blood cell *** activity was lower in SD *** males demonstrated an increase in their mass-specific resting metabolic rate,their mass-specific maximal metabolic rate and their level of *** result of a generalized linear model analysis indicates the negative effect on secondary immunoresponsiveness to sheep erythrocytes of mid-ventral gland size,the organ characterizing individual reproductive quality,and designates a tradeoff between antibody production and reproductive *** mass-independent maximal metabolic rate also negatively affected antibody production,indicating a tradeoff between maximal aerobic performance and the adaptive immune *** higher stress in SD males seems to be the most likely reason for the lack of the effect of daylight duration on antibody production.

关键词： adaptive humoral immunity desert hamster photoperiodicity winter immunoenhancement

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Dielectric properties of BaMg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3)O_(3) doped Ba_(0.45)Sr_(0.55)TiO_(3) thin films for tunable microwave applications

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2015年第4期5卷 21-29页

作者： Fikadu Alema konstantin Pokhodnya Center for Nanoscale Science and Engineering North Dakota State University Fargo ND 58108USA Agnitron Technology Incorporated Eden Prairie MN 55344USA

Ba(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)(BMN)doped and undoped B_(0.45)Sr_(0.55)TiO_(3)(BST)thin films were deposited via radio frequency magnetron sputtering on PUTiO_(2)/SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3) *** surface morphology and chemical state analyses of the films have shown that the BMN doped BST film has a smoother surface with reduced oxygen vacancy,resulting in an improved insulating properties of the BST *** tunability,loss,and leakage current(LC)of the undoped and BMN doped BST thin flms were *** BMN dopant has remarkably reduced the dielectric loss(~38%)with no significant effect on the tunability of the BST film,leading to an increase in figure of merit(FOM).This is attributed to the opposing behavior of large Mg2+whose detrimental effect on tunability is partially compensated by small Nb5+as the two substitute Ti4+in the *** coupling between Mg″_(Ti)and v_(o)charged defects suppresses the dielectric loss in the film by cutting electrons from hopping between Ti *** LC of the films was investigated in the temperature range of 300-450K.A reduced LC measured for the BMN doped BST film was correlated to the formation of defect dipoles from Mg″_(Ti),v_(o)and Nb_(Ti) charged *** carrier transport properties of the films were analyzed in light of Schottky thermionic emission(SE)and Poole-Frenkel(PF)enmission *** result indicated that while the carrier transport mechanism in the undoped film is interface limited(SE),the conduction in the BMN doped film was dominated by bulk processes(PF).The change of the conduction mechanism from SE to PF as a result of BMN doping is atributed to the presence of uncoupled Nb_(Ti) stting as a positive trap center at the shallow donor level of the BST.

关键词： Barium strontium titanate sputtering frreletric thin film tunability leakage current permitivity loss figure of merit defect dipole

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