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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第22期26卷 2931-2947页

作者： Tea l laursen Thomas D Sandahl konstantin Kazankov Jacob George Henning Gronbæk Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus N DK-8200Denmark Storr liver Centre Westmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmead HospitalSydney NSW 2145Australia University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2145Australia

More than five years ago,the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection was revolutionized with the introduction of all-oral direct-acting antiviral(DAA)*** proved highly efficient in curing patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC),including patients with *** new DAA treatments were alleged to induce significant improvements in clinical outcome and prognosis,but the exact cause of the expected benefit was ***,little was known about how the underlying liver disease would be affected during and after viral *** this review,we describe and discuss the liver-related effects of the new treatments in regards to both pathophysiological aspects,such as macrophage activation,and the time-dependent effects of therapy,with specific emphasis on inflammation,structural liver changes,and liver function,as these factors are all related to morbidity and mortality in CHC *** seems clear that antiviral therapy,especially the achievement of a sustained virologic response has several beneficial effects on liver-related parameters in CHC patients with advanced liver fibrosis or *** seems to be a timedependent effect of DAA therapy with viral clearance and the resolution of liver inflammation followed by more discrete changes in structural liver *** improvements lead to favorable effects on liver function,followed by an improvement in cognitive dysfunction and portal ***,the data provide knowledge on the several beneficial effects of DAA therapy on liverrelated parameters in CHC patients suggesting short-and long-term improvements in the underlying disease with the promise of an improved longterm prognosis.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis C Antiviral treatment Inflammation liver fibrosis liver cirrhosis Metabolic liver function Galactose elimination capacity Urea synthesis capacity Portal hypertension Hepatic encephalopathy

The Error-Minimization-Based Strategy for Moving Mesh Methods

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Communications in Computational Physics 2006年第1期1卷 53-80页

作者： konstantin lipnikov Mikhail Shashkov los Alamos National laboratory MS B284Los AlamosNM87545USA

The typical elements in a numerical simulation of fluid flow using moving meshes are a time integration scheme,a rezone method in which a new mesh is defined,and a remapping(conservative interpolation)in which a solution is transferred to the new *** objective of the rezone method is to move the computational mesh to improve the robustness,accuracy and eventually efficiency of the *** this paper,we consider the onedimensional viscous Burgers’equation and describe a new rezone strategy which minimizes the l2 norm of error and maintains mesh *** efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated with numerical examples.

关键词： Moving meshes Burgers’equation error estimates

The size of burnt areas has little effect on the recovery of soil macrofauna in the boreal forests of Middle Ural,Russia

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Pedosphere 2020年第5期30卷 714-718页

作者： konstantin B.GONGAlSKY Anton A.IURMANOV Nadezhda l.UKHOVA Daniil I.KOROBUSHKIN A.N.Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119071(Russia) N.V.Tzizin Main Botanical Gardens Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 127276(Russia) Visimsky State Nature Biosphere Reserve Kirovograd 624140(Russia)

Dear Editor,The forests of the world are prone to fires of varying frequencies and intensities(Whitlock,2004).After fires,habitats previously not present in forest emerge:these are the areas of bare ground that are better insulated and thus have more contrasting soil temperatures during the day and between seasons(Winter et al.,1980;Phillips et al.,2000).

关键词： soil forest Middle

Machine-learned interatomic potentials for alloys and alloy phase diagrams

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 139-147页

作者： Conrad W.Rosenbrock konstantin Gubaev Alexander VShapeev livia B.Pártay Noam Bernstein Gábor Csányi Gus l.W.Hart Department of Physics and Astronomy Brigham Young UniversityProvoUTUSA84602 Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Skolkovo Innovation CenterNobel Str.3Moscow 143026Russia Department of Chemistry University of ReadingWhiteknightsReading RG66ADUK Department of Chemistry University of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUK US Naval Research laboratory Center for Computational Materials ScienceWashingtonDC 20375USA Department of Engineering University of CambridgeTrumpington StreetCambridge CB21PZUK

We introduce machine-learned potentials for Ag-Pd to describe the energy of alloy configurations over a wide range of *** compare two different *** tensor potentials(MTPs)are polynomial-like functions of interatomic distances and *** Gaussian approximation potential(GAP)framework uses kernel regression,and we use the smooth overlap of atomic position(SOAP)representation of atomic neighborhoods that consist of a complete set of rotational and permutational invariants provided by the power spectrum of the spherical Fourier transform of the neighbor *** types of potentials give excellent accuracy for a wide range of compositions,competitive with the accuracy of cluster expansion,a benchmark for this *** both models are able to describe small deformations away from the lattice positions,SOAP-GAP excels at transferability as shown by sensible transformation paths between configurations,and MTP allows,due to its lower computational cost,the calculation of compositional phase *** the fact that both methods perform nearly as well as cluster expansion but yield off-lattice models,we expect them to open new avenues in computational materials modeling for alloys.

关键词： alloy alloys phase

Ammonia and phosphorus removal from using cash crop waste-derived agricultural runoff biochars

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020年第3期14卷 141-153页

作者： Alisa Salimova Jian'e Zuo Fenglin liu Yajiao Wang Sike Wang konstantin Verichev State Key Joint laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing JingYi Air Protection&Technology Company Wanda Plaza93 Jianguo RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100022China Institute of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering SciencesUniversidad Austral de ChileValdivia 5090000Chile

Adsorption of biochars(BC)produced from cash crop residuals is an economical and practical technology for removing nutrients from agricultural *** this study,B C made of orange tree trunks and tea tree twigs from the laoguanhe Basin were produced and modified by aluminum chloride(Al-modified)and ferric sulfate solutions(Fe-modified)under various pyrolysis temperatures(200℃-600℃)and residence times(2-5 h).All produced and modified B C were further analyzed for their abilities to adsorb ammonia and phosphorus with initial concentrations of 10-40 mg/l and 4-12 mg/l,***-modified Tea Tree B C 2h/400℃showed the highest phosphorus adsorption capacity of 0.56 mg/***-modified Orange Tree B C 3h/500℃showed the best performance for ammonia removal with an adsorption capacity of 1.72 mg/*** characterization showed that P=O bonds were formed after the adsoiption of phosphorus by modified BC,N-H bonds were formed after ammonia adsorption.X P S analysis revealed that the key process of ammonia adsorption was the ion exchange between K+and N H *** adsorption was related to oxidation and interaction between PO43-and Fe3+.According to X R D results,ammonia was found in the form of potassium amide,while phosphorus was found in the form of iron hydrogen *** sorption isotherms showed that the Freundlich equation fits better for phosphorus adsorption,while the langmuir equation fits better for ammonia *** simulated runoff infiltration experiment showed that 97.3%of ammonia was removed by Al-modified Orange tree B C 3h/500℃,and 92.9%of phosphorus was removed by Fe-modified Tea tree B C 2h/400℃.

关键词： Biochar Adsorption Ammonia removal Phosphorus removal Agricultural runoff

long-lasting Stretching Induces Muscle Hypertrophy:A Meta-Analysis of Animal Studies

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2023年第4期5卷 289-301页

作者： konstantin Warneke Philipp Alexander Freund Stephan Schiemann Institute for Exercise Sport and HealthLeuphana UniversityUniversitätsallee 1LüneburgGermany Institute of Psychology Leuphana UniversityLüneburgGermany

Muscular hypertrophy depends on metabolic exhaustion as well as mechanical load on the *** tension seems to be the crucial factor to stimulate protein *** present meta-analysis was conducted to determine whether stretching can generate adequate mechanical tension to induce muscle *** used PubMed,Web of Science,and Scopus to search for literature examining the effects of long-term stretching on muscle mass,muscle cross-sectional area,fiber cross-sectional area,and fiber *** there was no sufficient number of studies investigating long-lasting stretching in humans,we only included original animal studies in the current ***,we identified 16 studies meeting the inclusion criteria(*** of at least 15 min per day).The 16 studies yielded 39 data points for muscle mass,11 data points for muscle cross-sectional area,20 data points for fiber cross-sectional area,and 10 data points for fiber *** all designs and categories,statistically significant increases were found for muscle mass(d=8.51;95%CI 7.11-9.91),muscle cross-sectional area(d=7.91;95%CI 5.75-10.08),fiber cross-sectional area(d=5.81;95%CI 4.32-7.31),and fiber number(d=4.62;95%CI 2.54-6.71).The findings show an(almost)continuous positive effect of long-term stretching on the listed parameters,so that it can be assumed that stretch training with adequate intensity and duration leads to hypertrophy and hyperplasia,at least in animal studies.A general transferability to humans-certainly with limited effectiveness-can be hypothesized but requires further research and training studies.

关键词： Muscle mass Static stretching Hyperplasia Chronic stretching

Bariatric surgery in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-from pathophysiology to clinical effects

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World Journal of Hepatology 2019年第2期11卷 138-149页

作者： Tea l laursen Christoffer A Hagemann Chunshan Wei konstantin Kazankov Karen l Thomsen Filip K Knop Henning Grønbæk Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Aarhus University Hospital Gubra ApS Clinical Metabolic Physiology Steno Diabetes Center CopenhagenGentofte Hospital Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen Department of Hepatology Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospitalthe Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFlD) is increasingly recognized as a significant liver disease,and it covers the disease spectrum from simple steatosis with a risk of development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) to fibrosis,subsequent cirrhosis,end-stage liver failure,and liver cancer with a potential need for liver *** and NASH are closely related to obesity,metabolic syndrome,and type 2 diabetes(T2 D).The role of gut hormones,especially glucagon-like peptide 1(GlP-1),is important in *** surgery has the potential for inducing great weight loss and may improve the symptoms of metabolic syndrome and T2 *** data demonstrated significant effects of bariatric surgery on GlP-1 and other gut hormones and important lipid metabolic and inflammatory abnormalities in the pathophysiology of ***,bariatric surgery may reverse the pathological liver changes in NAFlD and NASH *** the present review,we describe NAFlD and NASH pathophysiology and the primary effects of bariatric surgery on metabolic *** performed a systematic review of the beneficial and harmful effects and focused on changes in liver disease severity in NAFlD and NASH *** specific focus was liver histopathology as assessed by the invasive liver ***,we reviewed several non-invasive methods used for the assessment of liver disease severity following bariatric surgery.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Bariatric surgery Insulin resistance,Gut hormones Glucagon-like peptide 1 Steatosis Inflammation Fibrosis

Investigation of Cavitation in NaCl Solutions in a Sonochemical Reactor Using the Foil Test Method

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第5期20卷 1093-1102页

作者： Michael Kuchinskiy Tatyana lyubimova konstantin Rybkin Anastasiia Sadovnikova Vasiliy Galishevskiy Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS Perm614013Russia Faculty of Physics Perm State UniversityPerm614068Russia

Ultrasonic baths and sonochemical reactors are widely used in industrial applications dealing with surface cleaningand chemical synthesis. The processes of erosion, cleaning and structuring of the surface can be typically controlledby changing relevant influential parameters. In particular, in this work, we experimentally investigate theeffect of NaCl concentration (0–5.5 mol/l) on the erosion of an aluminum foil under ultrasonic exposure at afrequency of 28 kHz. Special attention is paid to the determination of cavitation zones and their visualizationusing heat maps. It is found that at low NaCl concentration (0.3 mol/l), the foil destruction rate is higher thanin distilled water. At higher concentrations of salt, cavitation takes place mainly in the upper part of the container.

关键词： Ultrasound NaCl solution foil test cavitation activity

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土石坝竖向排水的渗流控制(英文)

岩土工程学报 2008年第11期30卷 1657-1660页

作者： Abdelkader Djehiche konstantin Kotchev l.G.C.U. Amar Telidji University Laghouat 03000 Laghouat Algeria Potyteehniea Sofia Bulgaria

水流通过坝体和坝基时存在压力和梯度,这在大坝工程设计中已视为重要因素。但是,在土石坝设计时往往会遇到抵御不利大坝安全因素的排水系统的选型和设计问题。目前,很多工程中虽存在一些效果不错的排水系统,但其缺乏渗流和浸润线位置的... 详细信息

水流通过坝体和坝基时存在压力和梯度,这在大坝工程设计中已视为重要因素。但是,在土石坝设计时往往会遇到抵御不利大坝安全因素的排水系统的选型和设计问题。目前,很多工程中虽存在一些效果不错的排水系统,但其缺乏渗流和浸润线位置的控制,可能会对工程安全产生威胁,或使渗流控制措施达不到经济有效的目的。为此,本文基于均质土坝实验研究取得的成果,研究出在竖向排水体中的渗流量的控制方法,采用这种方法可以对土石坝进行更好的管理。

关键词：渗流土石坝竖向排水排水体位置流量