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Disinfection byproduct regulatory compliance surrogates and bromide-associated risk

2001年

作者： kolb Bryan

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 191-207页

作者： Chelsea kolb Royce A.Francis Jeanne M.VanBriesen Department of Ciuil and Environmental Engineering Carnegie Mellon Uniuersity Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering The George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA Department of Engineering and Public Policy Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

Natural and anthropogenic factors can alter bromide concentrations in drinking water sources. Increasing source water bromide concentrations increases the formation and alters the speciation of disinfection byproducts（DBPs） formed during drinking water *** DBPs are more toxic than their chlorinated analogs, and thus have a greater impact on human health. However, DBPs are regulated based on the mass sum of DBPs within a given class（e.g., trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids）, not based on species-specific risk or extent of bromine incorporation. The regulated surrogate measures are intended to protect against not only the species they directly represent, but also against unregulated DBPs that are not routinely measured. Surrogates that do not incorporate effects of increasing bromide may not adequately capture human health risk associated with drinking water when source water bromide is elevated. The present study analyzes trihalomethanes（THMs）, measured as TTHM,with varying source water bromide concentrations, and assesses its correlation with brominated THM, TTHM risk and species-specific THM concentrations and associated *** potential surrogates are evaluated to assess their ability to capture THM risk under different source water bromide concentration conditions. The results of the present study indicate that TTHM does not adequately capture risk of the regulated species when source water bromide concentrations are elevated, and thus would also likely be an inadequate surrogate for many unregulated brominated species. Alternative surrogate measures,including THM3 and the bromodichloromethane concentration, are more robust surrogates for species-specific THM risk at varying source water bromide concentrations.

关键词： Disinfection byproducts Bromide Disinfection byproduct regulation Trihalomethanes Disinfection byproduct risk

Arabidopsis OBG-Like GTPase （AtOBGL）Is Localized in Chloroplasts and Has an Essential Function in Embryo Development

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Molecular Plant 2009年第6期2卷 1373-1383页

作者： Fatima Chigri Claudia Sippel Manuela kolb Ute C. Vothknecht Center for Integrated Protein Science (Munich) Department of Biology LMU Munich D-81377 Munich Germany Department of Biology I Botany LMU Munich D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried Germany

OBG-like GTPases, a subfamily of P-loop GTPases, have divers and important functions in bacteria, including initiation of sporulation, DNA replication, and protein translation. Homologs of the Bacillus subtilis spo0B GTP-binding protein （OBG） can be found in plants and algae but their specific function in these organisms has not yet been elucidated. Here, it is shown that ATSG18570 encodes an Arabidopsis thaliana OBG-like protein （AtOBGL） that is localized in chlor- oplasts. In contrast to the bacterial members of this protein family, AtOBGL and other OBG-like proteins from green algae and plants possess an additional N-terminal domain, indicating functional adaptation. Disruption of the gene locus of ATOBGL by TDNA insertion resulted in an embryo-lethal phenotype and light microscopy using Normarski optics revealed that embryo maturation in the atobgl mutant is arrested at the late globular stage before development of a green embryo. Expression of 35S：：ATOBGL within the atobgl mutant background could rescue the mutant phenotype, confirming that embryo-lethality is caused by the loss of AtOBGL. Together, the data show that the bacterial-derived OBG-like GTPases have retained an essential role in chloroplasts of plants and algae. They furthermore corroborate the significance of chloroplast functions for embryo development -- an important stage within the Arabidopsis lifecycle.

关键词： GTPase OBG embryo development chloroplast.

Molecule-based kinetic modeling by Monte Carlo methods for heavy petroleum conversion

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Science China Chemistry 2013年第11期56卷 1608-1622页

作者： de OLIVEIRA Luís Pereira VERSTRAETE Jan J. kolb Max IFP Energies nouvelles Rond-point de l'échangeur de Solaize-BP 369360 SolaizeFrance Laboratoire de Chimie cole Normale Supérieure69364 Lyon Cedex 07France

A methodology for kinetic modeling of conversion processes is *** proposed approach allows to overcome the lack of molecular detail of the petroleum fractions and to simulate the reactions of the process by means of a two-step *** the first step,a synthetic mixture of molecules representing the feedstock is generated via a molecular reconstruction method,termed SR-REM molecular *** the second step,a kinetic Monte Carlo method,termed stochastic simulation algorithm(SSA),is used to simulate the effect of the conversion reactions on the mixture of *** resulting methodology is applied to the Athabasca vacuum residue *** adequate molecular representation of the vacuum residue is obtained using the SR-REM *** reaction simulations present a good agreement with the laboratory data for Athabasca vacuum residue *** addition,the proposed methodology provides the molecular detail of the vacuum residue conversion throughout the reactions simulations.

关键词： Monte-Carlo molecular reconstruction kinetic modeling stochastic simulation algorithm vacuum residue hydrocracking

nflammasomes in cancer： a double-edgecl sword

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Protein & Cell 2014年第1期5卷 12-20页

作者： Ryan kolb Guang-Hui Liu Ann M. Janowski Fayyaz S. Sutterwala Weizhou Zhang Department of Pathology Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USA National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Gene Expression Laboratory Salk Institute for Biological Studies 10010 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA Graduate Program in Immunology Carver College Of Medicine University of Iowa iowa City IA 52242 USA Department of Internal Medicine Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USA Veterans Affairs Medical Center Iowa City IA 52241 USA

Chronic inflammatory responses have long been observed to be associated with various types of cancer and play decisive roles at different stages of cancer development. Inflammasomes, which are potent induc- ers of interleukin （IL）-I~ and IL-18 during infammation, are large protein complexes typically consisting of a Nod-like receptor （NLR）, the adapter protein ASC, and Caspase-1. During malignant transformation or cancer therapy, the inflammasomes are postulated to become activated in response to danger signals arising from the tumors or from therapy-induced damage to the tumor or healthy tissue. The activation of inflammasomes plays diverse and sometimes contrasting roles in cancer promotion and therapy depending on the specific con- text. Here we summarize the role of different inflamma- some complexes in cancer progression and therapy. Inflammasome components and pathways may provide novel targets to treat certain types of cancer; however, using such agents should be cautiously evaluated due to the complex roles that inflammasomes and pro- inflammatory cytokines play in immunity.

关键词： inflammasome cancer inflammation

酞菁铁固态热裂解制备新型炭纳米材料(英文)

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新型炭材料 2006年第2期21卷 109-113页

作者：智林杰 Ute kolb Klaus Mllen 德国马普协会高分子研究所德国美茵兹大学物理化学研究所德国美茵兹d55128

研究了酞菁铁在密封体系中固态热裂解制备新型炭纳米材料的方法。通过这种方法,可以大量制备排列整齐又很直的碳纳米管。实验发现,升高热裂解温度,尤其温度高于800℃时,有利于碳管的生长。同时,这种方法还是一种非常有效的制备特殊结构... 详细信息

研究了酞菁铁在密封体系中固态热裂解制备新型炭纳米材料的方法。通过这种方法,可以大量制备排列整齐又很直的碳纳米管。实验发现,升高热裂解温度,尤其温度高于800℃时,有利于碳管的生长。同时,这种方法还是一种非常有效的制备特殊结构纳米炭材料的方法。如用这种方法可以得到很长的具有电缆型结构的纳米炭,在其中具有单晶结构的炭化铁形成了电缆的金属芯。其他一些特殊炭结构,如项链型炭结构、管中管炭结构等也可以用这种方法制备出来。

关键词：酞菁铁固态热裂解纳米炭特殊结构

硫酸溶液中Pt(111)电极面上存在SO_4^(2-)的XPS证据

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物理化学学报 1994年第8期10卷 741-743页

作者：翟润生蔡茂盛 D.M.kolb 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所催化基础研究国家实验室大连116023 德国Fritz-Haber研究所德国Ulm大学

A detailed study of the cyclic voltammtry curve of Pt(111) electrode in H2SO4 solution by X-ray photoe1ectron spectroscopy (XPS) and a low energy electron diffeaction (LEED) has provided firstly direct evidence that the anomalous features reported originally by Clavilier et al. are associated with the specific adsorption of sulfate ainons rather than hydrogen adsorption. The ()R30 structure on Pt(111) obtained after electrode emersion on the positive scan at more positive potentials than 0.23V vs. Ag/AgCl appears sedtaneously with sharp increase of XPS of O1s and S2p. This implies the relationship between anomalous peak and sulfate anion adsorption on emersed Pt(111 ) electrode.

关键词：铂硫酸溶液 Pt电极硫酸根 XPS

ECSTM针尖诱导构筑Au表面有序Pd纳米粒子阵列

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物理化学学报 2005年第11期21卷 1303-1306页

作者：汤儆 Marc Petri Ludwig A.Kibler Dieter M.kolb 厦门大学化学化工学院化学系 Department of Electrochemisty University of Ulm D89069Ulm Germany

利用电化学扫描隧道显微镜(ECSTM)在温和的电化学和隧道偏压的条件下诱导电极表面发生特定的局域电化学反应,在Au(111)单晶电极表面构筑了Pd纳米粒子的阵列.研究了两种不同的溶液体系(PdCl2和PdSO4)构筑纳米粒子所需设定的不同参数,同... 详细信息

利用电化学扫描隧道显微镜(ECSTM)在温和的电化学和隧道偏压的条件下诱导电极表面发生特定的局域电化学反应,在Au(111)单晶电极表面构筑了Pd纳米粒子的阵列.研究了两种不同的溶液体系(PdCl2和PdSO4)构筑纳米粒子所需设定的不同参数,同时探讨了选择不同参数的原因.

关键词：电化学扫描隧道显微镜 Pd纳米粒子纳米构筑

Microwave characterization of two Ba_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)TiO_(3) dielectric thin films with out-of-plane and in-plane electrode structures

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先进陶瓷(英文) 2023年第8期12卷 1521-1532页

作者： Hanchi Ruan Theo Graves Saunders Henry Giddens Hangfeng Zhang Achintha Avin Ihalage Jonas Florentin kolb Matthew Blunt Sajad Haq Haixue Yan Yang Hao School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK School of Engineering and Materials Science Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK Department of Chemistry University College LondonLondon WC1H 0AJUK Advanced Services and Products QinetiQFarnborough GU140LXUK

Ferroelectric(FE)thin films have recently attracted renewed interest in research due to their great potential for designing novel tunable electromagnetic devices such as large intelligent surfaces(LISs).However,the mechanism of how a polar structure in the FE thin films contributes to desired tunable performance,especially within the microwave frequency range,which is the most widely used frequency range of electromagnetics,has not been illustrated *** this paper,we described several straightforward and cost-effective methods to fabricate and characterize Ba_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)TiO_(3)(BST)thin films at microwave *** prepared BST thin films here exhibit homogenous structures and great tunability(h)in a wide frequency and temperature range when the applied field is in the out-of-plane *** high tunability can be attributed to high concentration of polar *** response to the applied direct current(DC)field was directly visualized using a novel non-destructive near-field scanning microwave microscopy(NSMM)*** results have provided some intriguing insights into the application of the FE thin films for future programmable high-frequency devices and systems.

关键词： ferroelectric(FE) microwave tunability polarization thin film

PERCEPTIONS FROM BEYOND: SOME OBSERVATIONS ON NON-ROMAN ASSESSMENTS OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE FROM THE GREAT EASTERN TRADE ROUTES

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Journal of Ancient Civilizations 2015年第1期30卷 117-149页

作者： Anne kolb Michael A.Speidel Universities of Zürich and Bern

*** Connectivity Centuries of continuous warfare and successful expansion turned the Roman Empire into the single dominant power in the Mediterranean ***,although Roman warfare never fully came to an end,the countrysi... 详细信息

关键词：罗马帝国评估路线贸易东方感知帝国时代海盆地