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Earthquake Science 2014年第2期27卷 209-215页

作者： Xuzhang Shen Yuanze Zhou koki idehara Xiuping Mei Kangsheng Xu Lanzhou Institute of Seismology China Earthquake Administration Key Lab of Computational Geodynamics of Chinese Academy of Sciences/College of Earth Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Earthquake Research Institute Tokyo University

The D＇＇ layer,which is located atop the core–mantle boundary,has long been an area of focus for global seismology studies. A widely used approach to study the discontinuities in the D＇＇ layer involves the use of the SdS phases between the S and ScS phases,which requires that certain stringent conditions be satisfied with respect to an epicentral distance and earthquake depth. Therefore,this approach is only practical for investigating the presence and topography of velocity interfaces in certain local regions around the world. The Russia–Kazakhstan border region has been a ‘‘blind spot＇＇ with respect to this detection method. The seismic network deployed in the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau has recorded relatively clear SdS phases for the MS6.3 earthquake that occurred in Spain on April 11,2010,allowing this blind spot to be studied. This paper compares the observed waveforms and synthetics and uses the travel times of the relevant phases to obtain a D＇＇ discontinuity depth between2,610 and 2,740 km in the examined area. This study provides the first results regarding the depth of the D＇＇ layer discontinuity for this region and represents an important addition to the global studies of the D＇＇ layer.

关键词： D'' Russia-Kazakhstan border Spain deep earthquake North eastern margin of Tibet

Protective role of electrophile-reactive glutathione for DNA damage repair inhibitory effect of dibromoacetonitrile

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 305-314页

作者： Yukako Komaki koki Suganuma Yuko Ibuki Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences University of ShizuokaShizuoka 422-8526Japan

Dibromoacetonitrile(DBAN) is a disinfection byproduct(DBP) and linked with cancer in rodents, but the mechanism of its carcinogenicity has not been fully elucidated. We recently reported that DBAN induced inhibition of nucleotide excision repair(NER). In this study, we investigated if glutathione(GSH) is involved in the DBAN-induced inhibition of NER. Human keratinocytes Ha Ca T were pretreated with L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine(BSO) to deplete intracellular GSH. BSO treatment markedly potentiated the DBAN-induced NER inhibition as well as intracellular oxidation. The recruitment of NER proteins(transcription factor IIH, and xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group G) to DNA damage sites was inhibited by DBAN, which was further exacerbated by BSO treatment. Our results suggest that intracellular GSH protects cells from DBAN-induced genotoxicity including inhibition of DNA damage repair.

关键词： Disinfection byproducts Haloacetonitriles Pyrimidine dimers Glutathione DNA damage repair

Long-lasting discussion: Adverse effects of intraoperative blood loss and allogeneic transfusion on prognosis of patients with gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第22期25卷 2743-2751页

作者： koki Nakanishi Mitsuro Kanda Yasuhiro Kodera Department of Gastroenterological Surgery(Surgery Ⅱ) Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine

Gastrectomy with radical lymph node dissection is the most promising treatment avenue for patients with gastric cancer. However, this procedure sometimes induces excessive intraoperative blood loss and requires perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion. There are lasting discussions and controversies about whether intraoperative blood loss or perioperative blood transfusion has adverse effects on the prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. We reviewed laboratory and clinical evidence of these associations in patients with gastric cancer. A large amount of clinical evidence supports the correlation between excessive intraoperative blood loss and adverse effects on the prognosis. The laboratory evidence revealed three possible causes of such adverse effects: anti-tumor immunosuppression, unfavorable postoperative conditions, and peritoneal recurrence by spillage of cancer cells into the pelvis. Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have suggested the adverse effects of perioperative blood transfusions on prognostic parameters such as all-cause mortality, recurrence, and postoperative complications. There are two possible causes of adverse effects of blood transfusions on the prognosis: Anti-tumor immunosuppression and patient-related confounding factors (e.g., preoperative anemia). These factors are associated with a worse prognosis and higher requirement for perioperative blood transfusions. Surgeons should make efforts to minimize intraoperative blood loss and transfusions during gastric cancer surgery to improve patients’ prognosis.

关键词： Gastric cancer Blood loss Prognosis Transfusion Adverse effect Immunosuppression Mortality Recurrence Complication

Partial sine wave tracking dual mode control topology for a single-phase transformerless photovoltaic system

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2018年第6期6卷 1338-1343页

作者： koki OGURA Mohan Lal KOLHE Mutsuo NAKAOKA Kyushu Sangyo University University of Agder University of Malaya

A unique high efficiency photovoltaic(PV)system is presented. It uses partial sine wave tracking for a pulse-width modulation(PWM) boost converter as well as a full-bridge inverter. The boost converter and full-bridge inverter are connected via a compact intermediate film capacitor(i.e. non-smoothing DC link stage). PWM switching is activated by a dual mode control technique. In the proposed topology, simultaneous switching of both power conversion stages is avoided and therefore this increases the power conversion efficiency. The distinctive operating principles of these two power processing stages are discussed and analyzed with the experimental results for single-phase loading of the PV system.

关键词： Partial sine wave instantaneous tracking pulsewidth modulation(PWM) boost converter Bypass diode Dual mode control High efficiency power conversion

Bacteria colonization and gene expression related to immune function in colon mucosa is associated with growth in neonatal calves regardless of live yeast supplementation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 1980-1995页

作者： koki Nishihara Clothilde Villot Lautaro Cangiano Le Luo Guan Michael Steele Department of Animal Biosciences Animal Science and NutritionUniversity of GuelphGuelphON N1G 1Y2Canada Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2P5Canada Lallemand SAS Blagnac F‑31702France Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA Faculty of Land and Food Systems The University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada Present Address:Department of Animal Biosciences University of GuelphGuelphON N1G 2W1Canada

Background As Holstein calves are susceptible to gastrointestinal disorders during the first week of life,understanding how intestinal immune function develops in neonatal calves is important to promote better intestinal *** probiotics in early life may contribute to host intestinal health by facilitating beneficial bacteria colonization and developing intestinal immune *** objective of this study was to characterize the impact of early life yeast supplementation and growth on colon mucosa-attached bacteria and host immune *** Twenty Holstein bull calves received no supplementation(CON)or Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii(SCB)from birth to 5 d of *** tissue biopsies were taken within 2 h of life(D0)before the first colostrum feeding and 3 h after the morning feeding at d 5 of age(D5)to analyze mucosa-attached bacteria and colon *** sequencing showed that there was no difference inαandβdiversity of mucosa-attached bacteria between day and treatment,but bacteria related to diarrhea were more abundant in the colon mucosa on D0 compared to *** addition,q PCR indicated that the absolute abundance of Escherichia coli(***)decreased in the colon mucosa on D5 compared to D0;however,that of Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus,and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii,which could competitively exclude ***,increased in the colon mucosa on D5 compared to ***-sequencing showed that there were no differentially expressed genes between CON and SCB,but suggested that pathways related to viral infection such as“Interferon Signaling”were activated in the colon mucosa of D5 compared to *** Growth affected mucosa-attached bacteria and host immune function in the colon mucosa during the first 5 d of life in dairy calves independently of SCB *** early life,opportunistic pathogens may decrease due to intestinal environmental changes by beneficial bacteria and/or host immune *** activation

关键词： Colon biopsy Dairy calves RNA-sequencing Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii 16S rRNA amplicon-sequencing

Is the measurement of drain amylase content useful for predicting pancreas-related complications after gastrectomy with systematic lymphadenectomy?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第14期26卷 1594-1600页

作者： koki Nakanishi Mitsuro Kanda Junichi Sakamoto Yasuhiro Kodera Department of Gastroenterological Surgery(Surgery Ⅱ) Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoya 466-8550Japan Tokai Central Hospital Kakamigahara 504-8601Japan

Many studies investigating postoperative pancreatic fistula(POPF)after gastrectomy,including studies measuring drain amylase content(D-AMY)as a predictive factor have been *** article reviews previous studies and looks to the future of measuring D-AMY in patients after *** causes of pancreatic fluid leakage are;the parenchymal and/or thermal injury to the pancreas,and blunt injury to the pancreas by compression and *** of D-AMY to predict POPF has become common in clinical practice after pancreatic surgery and was later extended to the gastric *** studies have reported associations between D-AMY and POPF after gastrectomy,and the high value of D-AMY on postoperative day(POD)1 was an independent risk *** improve both sensitivity and specificity,attempts have been made to enhance the predictive accuracy of factors on POD 1 as well as on POD 3 as combined *** several studies have shown a high predictive ability of POPF,it has not necessarily been exploited in clinical *** problems remain unresolved;ideal timing for measurement,optimal cut-off value,and means of intervention after *** clinical trial could be imperative in order to develop D-AMY measurement in common clinical practice for gastric surgery.

关键词： Gastric cancer Drain amylase Postoperative pancreatic fistula Pancreasrelated complications Gastrectomy Early prediction

Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells promotes axonal regeneration in a rat model of spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2010年第9期5卷 651-656页

作者： Xichuan Teng Nozomu Yoshioka Junko Kimura-Kuroda koki Kawamura HitoshiKawano Hongpeng Li Department of Developmental Morphology Tokyo Metropofitan Institute for Neuroscience Fuchu 183-8526 Japan Department of Pathology Medical College Eastern Liaoning University Dandong 118000 Liaoning Province China Department of Human Anatomy College of Basic Medical Sciences China Medical University Shenyang 110001 Liaoning Province China

BACKGROUND：Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells （OECs） into the injured spinal cord has been shown to promote axonal regeneration and functional ***,the mechanisms underlying the effects of OEC transplantation remain ***：To observe fibrotic scar formation and axonal regeneration in the damaged spinal cord following OEC transplantation,and to determine whether OEC transplantation promotes neural regeneration by attenuating fibrotic scar ***,TIME AND SETTING：A randomized,controlled animal experiment was performed at the Department of Developmental Morphology,Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience,Fuchu,Japan and at the Department of Human Anatomy,College of Basic Medical Sciences,China Medical University,China between April 2007 and May ***：OECs were obtained from olfactory nerves and olfactory bulbs of male,4-week-old,Sprague Dawley *** anti-serotonin polyclonal antibody,rabbit anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide polyclonal antibody,rabbit anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein polyclonal antibody,rabbit anti-type IV collagen polyclonal antibody,and mouse anti-rat endothelial cell antigen-1 monoclonal antibody were ***：Male,Sprague Dawley rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into three groups：sham-surgery （n = 3）,surgery （n = 9）,and OEC transplantation （n = 11）.Spinal cord transection at the T9-10 level was performed and the rats were transplanted with a 2-μL （1 × 105 cells） cell *** OUTCOME MEASURES：Formation of glial and fibrotic scars was examined using immunohistochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein and type IV ***-positive and calcitonin gene-related peptide-positive axons were visualized by immunohistochemistry,*** immunofluorescence for type IV collagen and rat endothelial cell antigen-1 was also performed to determine co-localization of type IV collagen deposition and blood ***：At 1 week after spinal cord

关键词： fibrotic scar olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation spinal cord injury neural regeneration rats

Flexible Förster resonance energy transfer-assisted optical waveguide based on elastic mixed molecular crystals

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Aggregate 2023年第6期4卷 95-100页

作者： Takumi Matsuo koki Ikeda Shotaro Hayashi School of Engineering Science Kochi University of TechnologyKochiJapan

Flexible molecular crystal waveguides based on elastic molecular crystals(EMCs)are essential inﬂexible and compact optical *** increased loss coefﬁ-cientαdue to self-absorption is often a problem in optical waveguides(OWGs)ofﬂuorescent chemical materials waveguiding photons in active ***,the development of anthracene-based elastic mixed molecular crystals(EMMCs)is reported for Förster Resonance Energy Transfer(FRET)-assisted *** yield a FRET crystal system based on elastic molecular crystals,1%–5%accep-tor doping forﬂuorescent molecular crystals of 9,10-dibromoanthracene 1 was successful by selecting the same regioisomer having electron-withdrawing group,9,10-diformylanthracene 2,as a *** addition to conversion to the mixed system,there is a difference in the elastic modulus and hardness in EMC C1 and EMMC C2@***,the elastic behaviour was also shown in a few percent doping of the ***αvalue of this EMMC,composed of 1 including 1%of 2(0.0077 dB/μm),is much lower than that of EMC composed of 1(0.1258 dB/μm)because of reducing self-absorption in the FRET *** efﬁcient andﬂexible OWG was successfully developed by selecting an appropriate acceptor molecule and its low doping rate for mixed crystal *** method is a practical approach in various functional andﬂexible crystal systems.

关键词： anthracene elastic mixed molecular crystals ﬂexible Förster resonance energy transfer optical waveguide

The optimized interface engineering of VS_2 as cathodes for high performance all-solid-state lithium-ion battery

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第8期65卷 1859-1866页

作者： WANG JianBiao OKABE Jugo KOMINE Yuki NOTOHARA Hiroo URITA koki MORIGUCHI Isamu WEI MingDeng Fujian Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Graduate School of Engineering Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki 852-8521Japan Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Innovis 138634Singapore

Vanadium sulfide was first employed as a cathode for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries and demonstrated superior compatibility with the solid electrolyte, in which the interface between the electrode and solid electrolyte has been optimized. Consequently, it can exhibit excellent electrochemical performance in the voltage range of 1.5–3.5 V. Moreover, the ex-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements reveal the incomplete conversion mechanism to account for the superior electrochemical performance. Specifically, the electrode of VS_(2) exhibits a large capacity of 268.1 mA h g^(-1) at 50 mA g^(-1)(rate performance). At a current density of 100 mA g^(-1), a large reversible capacity of 215 mA h g^(-1) can be maintained after 100 cycles,indicating extraordinary cycling stability, making it a promising electrode for high energy density all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries.

关键词： VS_2 cathode interface all-solid-state battery electrochemical properties

Simultaneously disrupting AtPrx2,AtPrx25 and AtPrx71 alters lignin content and structure in Arabidopsis stem

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第4期57卷 349-356页

作者： Jun Shigeto Yoshitaka Itoh Sakie Hirao Kaori Ohira koki Fujita Yuji Tsutsumi Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University

Plant class III heme peroxidases catalyze lignin polymerization. Previous reports have shown that at least three Arabidopsis thaliana peroxidases, AtPrx2, AtPrx25 and AtPrx71, are involved in stem lignification using T-D NA insertion mutants, atprx2, atprx25, and atprx71. Here, we generated three double mutants, atprx2/atprx25, atprx2/atprx71, and atprx25/atprx71, and investigated the impact of the simultaneous deficiency of these peroxidases on lignins and plant growth. Stem tissue analysis using the acetyl bromide method and derivatization followed by reductive cleavage revealed improved lignin characteristics, such as lowered lignin content and increased arylglycerol-β-aryl （β-O-4） linkage type, especially β-O-4 linked syringyl units, in lignin, supporting the roles of these genes in lignin polymerization. In addition, none of the double mutants oexhibited severe growth defects, such as shorter plant stature, dwarfing, or sterility, and their stems had improved ceil wall degradability. This study will contribute to progress in lignin bioengineering to improve iignocellulosic biomass.

关键词： Arabidopsis knockout mutant lignin biosynthesis plantperoxidase