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towards a standard diet-induced and biopsy-confirmed mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: Impact of dietary fat source

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第33期25卷 4904-4920页

作者： Michelle l Boland Denise Oro kirstine s t■lb■l sebastian t thrane Jens Christian Nielsen taylor s Cohen David E tabor Fiona Fernandes Andrey tovchigrechko sanne s Veidal Paul Warrener Bret R sellman Jacob Jelsing Michael Feigh Niels Vrang James l trevaskis Henrik H Hansen Cardiovascular Renal and Metabolic DiseasesMedImmuneGaithersburgMD 20878United States Pharmacology GubraH■rsholm DK-2970Denmark

BACKGROUND the trans-fat containing AMlN(amylin liver non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,NAsH)diet has been extensively validated in C57Bl/6J mice with or without the lep^ob/lep^ob(ob/ob)mutation in the leptin gene for reliably inducing metabolic and liver histopathological changes recapitulating hallmarks of NAsH.Due to a recent ban on trans-fats as food additive,there is a marked need for developing a new diet capable of promoting a compatible level of disease in ob/ob and C57Bl/6J mice.AIM to develop a biopsy-confirmed mouse model of NAsH based on an obesogenic diet with trans-fat substituted by saturated fat.MEtHODs Male ob/ob mice were fed AMlN diet or a modified AMlN diet with trans-fat(Primex shortening)substituted by equivalent amounts of palm oil[Gubra amylin NAsH,(GAN)diet]for 8,12 and 16 wk.C57Bl/6J mice were fed the same diets for 28 wk.AMlN and GAN diets had similar caloric content(40%fat kcal),fructose(22%)and cholesterol(2%)level.REsUlts the GAN diet was more obesogenic compared to the AMlN diet and impaired glucose tolerance.Biopsy-confirmed steatosis,lobular inflammation,hepatocyte ballooning,fibrotic liver lesions and hepatic transcriptome changes were similar in ob/ob mice fed the GAN or AMlN diet.C57Bl/6J mice developed a mild to moderate fibrotic NAsH phenotype when fed the same diets.CONClUsION substitution of Primex with palm oil promotes a similar phenotype of biopsyconfirmed NAsH in ob/ob and C57Bl/6J mice,making GAN diet-induced obese mouse models suitable for characterizing novel NAsH treatments.

关键词： Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis High-fat diet Mouse model Histopathology Fibrosis liver biopsy liver transcriptome

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Recent Advances in Catalytic Carbonylation Reactions in Alternative Reaction Media

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第4期42卷 406-429页

作者： Csaba Árvai lászló t.Mika Department of Chemical and Environmental Process Engineering Faculty of Chemical Technology and BiotechnologyBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsMűegyetem rkp.3H-1111 BudapestHungary

since the discovery of the hydroformylation(oxo-synthesis or Roelen reaction)and the Reppe-reaction,the transition metal-catalyzed carbonylation reactions,providing versatile,facile,and even atom-economic methods for the selective incorporation of C=O functionality to various skeletons,have gained tremendous importance in synthetic organic chemistry from laboratories to industrial applications.the carbonylation of carbon-carbon multiple bonds,aromatic halides,triflates,etc.,in the presence of various nucleophiles has led the way to produce aldehydes,carboxylic acids,esters,amides,etc.,in the fine chemical industry.However,these protocols usually proceed in conventional,fossil-based,and usually toxic reaction environments.thus,several attempts have been directed to developing efficient carbonylation methods in alternative,less harmful,non-fossil-based and even in renewable reaction media.In this review,we overview the recent applications of alternative solvents such as water,biomass-based alcohols,γ-valerolactone(GVl),2-methyltetrahydrofuran(2-MetHF),ionic liquids(Ils),deep eutectic solvents(DEs),alkyl levulinates,limonene,α-pinene,and dimethyl carbonate as well as fluorous media to improve efficiency,safety and environmentally benign nature of carbonylation protocols.

关键词： Carbonylation Catalysis solvents Green chemistry Carbon monoxide transition metals Homogeneous catalysis Palladium

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A review of whole-medical systems and holistic care approach for type 2 diabetes and associated metabolic syndrome

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 199-209页

作者： loveness Makoni Idah t.Manduna Alaisa l.Mbiriri Department of Health sciences Faculty of Health and Environmental Health SciencesCentral University of TechnologyFree State20 President Brand StreetPrivate bag X20539Bloemfontein 9300South Africa Centre for Applied Food sustainability and Biotechnology(CAFsaB) Faculty of Health and Environmental Health SciencesCentral University of TechnologyFree State20 President Brand StreetPrivate bag X20539Bloemfontein 9300South Africa Adventist Development and Relief Agency(ADRA) 5 Cecil RoadGreendaleHarare 0000Zimbabwe

Whole-person care and holistic care approach has been proposed for complementary and integrative health care for type 2 diabetes mellitus.However,some doubts still exist on the feasibility of replicating processes followed in clinical trials and observational studies in real-world settings.this narrative literature review summarized and assessed existing clinical evidence(clinical trials,observational studies,and case reports)describing holistic and integrated care approach in adult and adolescent individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in clinical practice.the goal was to highlight existing evidence for implementation and outcomes of whole-medical systems and holistic integrated care approach for type 2 diabetes mellitus.A nonsystematic literature search was performed on Google scholar,PubMed,Web of science,ProQuest and scienceDirect to identify clinical evidence from different parts of the world,evaluating the use of whole-medical systems and/or holistic care interventions in clinical practice for management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Relevant keywords were used in the search.Data were analyzed using content analysis and simple descriptive statistics(percentages).Most of the studies(64%)were mainly conducted in Eastern countries(India,China and Israel)while 36%of the studies were conducted in the Western countries(UsA,Netherlands,Canada and Mexico).lifestyle medicine and integrated naturopathy were shown to be the commonly used whole-medical systems for type 2 diabetes mellitus management.significant improvements in type 2 diabetes parameters,medication use,other symptoms,and overall feeling of wellness were observed in all studies.this review study revealed limited utilization and/or documentation of whole-medical systems or holistic care treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus in regions of the world other than eastern countries.lifestyle medicine,naturopathy,yoga,Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine were shown to be effective for type 2 diabetes mellitus,either as an alternative or as a complementary

关键词： Complementary and alternative medicine Holistic care Integrative medicine type 2 diabetes mellitus team-based intervention

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Evaluation of red soil-bentonite mixtures for compacted clay liners

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第2期16卷 697-710页

作者： A.s.Devapriya t.thyagaraj Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036India

Compacted clay liners are an integral part of the waste landfills,which are provided to contain the leachate within the landfills and protect the surrounding environment.Generally,locally available natural soils are used for the construction of compacted clay liners if they satisfy the design criteria.However,not all soils in their natural state satisfy all the design criteria for the liner materials.thus,there is a definite need to modify the locally available natural soils by blending with bentonite to meet the required design criteria for the liners.In view of this,the present study evaluates the suitability of an Indian red soil enhanced with bentonite as a liner material.to achieve this,a series of experiments were carried out using locally available red soil and bentonite.First,the suitability of the red soil was evaluated as a liner material.the experimental results showed that the red soil met all the selection criteria stipulated by the Environmental Protection Agencies(EPAs)for the liners except the hydraulic conductivity criterion.therefore,the red soil was mixed with bentonite contents of 10%,20%and 30%,and the red soil-bentonite mixtures were evaluated for their suitability for liners in their compacted state.Further,as the liners in the arid and semi-arid regions are subjected to moisture variations due to seasonal moisture fluctuations and other factors,the red soil-bentonite mixtures were subjected to wetdry cycles,and their suitability was evaluated after wet-dry cycles.the experimental results revealed that all the red soil-bentonite mixtures met the stipulated EPA criteria for the liners in the as-compacted state.However,the red soil-bentonite mixtures with 20%and 30%bentonite contents only satisfied the hydraulic conductivity requirement even after wet-dry cycles.the experimental findings were supplemented with the microstructural insights captured through digital camera images,scanning electron microscopy(sEM),and mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP)studies.

关键词： Compacted clay lines Hydraulic conductivity Wet-dry cycles Microstructure

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Physics of porous materials under extreme laser-generated conditions

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 1-3页

作者： V.t.tikhonchuk s.Weber Extreme light Infrastructure ERIC ELI Beamlines Facility25241 DolníBrezanyCzech Republic CElIA University of Bordeaux33405 TalenceFrance

Porous materials offer unique possibilities for the production of plasmas with controlled density profiles for experiments on laser–matter interaction.they are of growing relevance to many applications,such as inertial confinement fusion,fundamental research,and secondary sources.Understanding the processes of transformation of a porous solid into a plasma is of fundamental interest and is needed for producing materials with desired properties.

关键词： interaction. properties. porous

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tensor force impact on shell evolution in neutron-rich si and Ni isotopes

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 95-106页

作者： s.V.sidorov A.s.Kornilova t.Yu.tretyakova Faculty of Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia

the influence of the tensor interaction of nucleons on the characteristics of neutron-rich silicon and nickel isotopes was studied in this work.tensor forces are considered within the framework of the Hartree-Fock approach with the skyrme interaction.the addition of a tensor component of interaction is shown to improve the description of the splittings between different single-particle states and decrease nucleon-nucleon pairing correlations in silicon and nickel nuclei.special attention was directed toward the role of isovector tensor forces relevant to the interaction of like nucleons.

关键词： nuclear shell model tensor interaction silicon isotopes nickel isotopes

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In search of a pan-coronavirus vaccine:next-generation vaccine design and immune mechanisms

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 103-118页

作者： s.Cankat M.U.Demael l.swadling Division of Infection and Immunity Institute of Immunity and TransplantationUniversity College LondonPears BuildingLondon NW32PPUK

Members of the coronaviridae family are endemic to human populations and have caused several epidemics and pandemics in recent history.In this review,we will discuss the feasibility of and progress toward the ultimate goal of creating a pan-coronavirus vaccine that can protect against infection and disease by all members of the coronavirus family.We will detail the unmet clinical need associated with the continued transmission of sARs-CoV-2,MERs-CoV and the four seasonal coronaviruses(HCoV-OC43,Nl63,HKU1 and 229E)in humans and the potential for future zoonotic coronaviruses.We will highlight how first-generation sARs-CoV-2 vaccines and natural history studies have greatly increased our understanding of effective antiviral immunity to coronaviruses and have informed next-generation vaccine design.We will then consider the ideal properties of a pan-coronavirus vaccine and propose a blueprint for the type of immunity that may offer cross-protection.Finally,we will describe a subset of the diverse technologies and novel approaches being pursued with the goal of developing broadly or universally protective vaccines for coronaviruses.

关键词： Vaccine Coronavirus Cross-reactive immunity Cross-protection Universal

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sleep-based neuronal oscillations as a physiological biomarker for Alzheimer's disease:is night time the right time?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1417-1418页

作者： Jonathan Witton Erica s.Brady Michael t.Craig Department of Clinical and Biomedical sciences Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEnglandUK Gladstone Institute for Neurological Disease San FranciscoCAUSA school of Psychology and Neuroscience College of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowScotlandUK

Dementia is a devastating syndrome characterized by memory problems,confusion,and behavior changes that prevent people from performing everyday activities.It is the leading cause of dependency and disability amongst older people,resulting in a global economic cost of ~$1.3 trillion.Around 58 million people are currently afflicted by dementia worldwide,with Alzheimer s disease(AD) causing most(60-70%) of these cases.

关键词： Alzheimer everyday performing

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Effect of radiative loss mechanisms on FIR thermometric parameters of Nd3+-doped lithium tellurite glasses

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1250-1257页

作者： C.Y.Morassuti A.P.l silva l.A.O.Nunes s.M.lima l.H.C.Andrade Optical and Photothermal spectroscopy Group (GEOF) Center for Studies in Natural Resources (CERNA)State University of Mato Grosso do Sul(UEMS) Renato Archer Information technology Center Institute of Physics of sao Carlos University of S?o Paulo

Nd3+-doped tellurite glasses are promising materials for thermometers based on the fluorescence intensity ratio（FIR） technique.Nevertheless,at high Nd3+concentrations,energy transfer（Et） processes such as optical reabsorption and cross-relaxation can affect the Nd3+emission,which has been little explored in the literature.therefore,the present work investigated the use of Nd3+-doped tellurite glass(samples doped with Nd3+at 0.2 mol%,0.5 mol%,2.0 mol%,and 4.0 mol%) in fluorescence thermometers,in the temperature range from 299 to 371 K.the results indicate a strong dependence of the FIR parameters on the Nd3+concentration,due to changes in the emission band profiles caused by optical reabsorption of the Nd3+emissions and cross-relaxation processes.A decrease of the relative sensitivity of the ratio4F5/2→4I9/2/4F3/2→4I9/2is observed for samples doped with higher amounts of Nd3+.the maximum relative sensitivity at 299 K is 3.00%/K,which is the highest value among the reported Nd3+ions.

关键词： Fluorescence intensity ratio Judd-Ofelt Nd3+-doped tellurite glass Optical thermometry Rare earths

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Weighted Probability Density Estimator with Updated Bandwidths

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Journal of systems science & Complexity 2024年第2期37卷 886-906页

作者： WU Yi YU Wei WANG Xuejun PRAKAsA RAO B l s school of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Chizhou UniversityChizhou 247000China school of Big Data and statistics Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China CR Rao Advanced Institute of Mathematics Statistics and Computer ScienceHyderabad 500046India

In this paper,the authors study a class of weighted version of probability density estimator.It is shown that the weighted estimator contains some existing estimators of probability density,no matter they are recursive or non-recursive.some statistical results including weak consistency,strong consistency,rate of strong consistency,and asymptotic normality are established under some mild conditions.Moreover,the random weighted estimator is also investigated.some numerical simulations and a real data analysis are presented to study the numerical performances of the estimators.

关键词： Asymptotic normality consistency numerical simulation probability density real data analysis updated bandwidths weighted estimator

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