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Electromechanical Fields and Their Influence on the Internal Quantum Efficiency of GaN-Based Light-Emitting Diodes

Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2018年第3期31卷 383-390页

作者： Muhammad Usman kiran saba Adnan Jahangir Muhammad Kamran Nazeer Muhammad Department of Engineering Sciences Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology Swabi 23460 Pakistan Department of Mathematics COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Wah Cantt 47040 Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Wah Cantt 47040 Pakistan

The effect ofelectromechanical fields, i.e., polarization fields, on the efficiency droop of GaN-based light-emitting diodes is presented using both experimental and numerical analyses. The role of incorporating such polarization charge density in device performance is numerically investigated and further compared with the experimental results of internal quantum efficiency of three different devices in consideration.

关键词： Optoelectronic devices Photonic bandgap materials Visible and ultraviolet sources Light-emitting devices

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Prospective Study on Effectiveness of Belfast Regime on Flexion Tendon Injury Zone V Using Tam Scoring

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2022年第9期13卷 428-439页

作者： Maha Farhina Bushra Zulfiqar Maryam Noor saba kiran Faisal Akhlaq Ali Khan Shafa Atullah Plastic Surgery Department Civil Hospital Karachi Karachi Pakistan Baqui Medical University Karachi Karachi Pakistan

About 20% of injuries presented in the emergency room that require surgical repair involve the hand. Most of these injuries result from sharp objects such as glass and knives, and blades in case of suicide. In Pakistan, the most common injuries occur at the junction between the transverse distal crease on the wrist and the forearm muscles (zone 5). Wrist injuries are difficult to repair since they result in the tendon, ulnar and median nerve and arteries abrasion. In addition, an inadequate approach could damage abrasion and swelling of the flexor muscles, risking the functioning of the hand. A good outcome necessitates prioritizing the flexor muscles to avoid swelling and hand dysfunction. The objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of Belfast rehabilitation in the treatment of flexion tendon injury. The process of rehabilitation was carried out for a period of 2 years. Using the Belfast regime as a post-rehabilitation regime ensures no adhesion formation, swelling, or delayed healing.

关键词： Rehabilitation Flexor Injury Zone V Early Mobilization Belfast Technique

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Quantum photodetachment of hydrogen negative ion in a harmonic potential subjected to static electric field

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第2期28卷 179-184页

作者： Azmat Iqbal kiran Humayun Sana Maqsood saba Jawaid Afaq Ahmad Amin Ur Rahman Bakht Amin Bacha Department of Physics The University of LahoreRaiwind Road CampusLahorePakistan Center of Excellence in Solid State Physics University of the PunjabLahorePakistan Department of Physics RIPHAH International University IslamabadPakistan Department of Physics University of Malakand Chakdara Dir(L)Pakistan

Photodetachment of negative ions has attracted immense interest owing to its fundamental nature and practical implications with regard to technology. In this study, we explore the quantum dynamics of the photodetachment cross section of negative ion of hydrogen H-in the perturbed one dimensional linear harmonic potential via static electric field. To this end,the quantum formula for total photodetachment cross section of the H-ion is derived by calculating the dipole matrix element in spherical coordinates. In order to obtain the detached electron wave function, we have solved the time-independent Schr¨odinger wave equation for the perturbed Hamiltonian of the harmonic oscillator in momentum representation. To acquire the corresponding normalized final state detached electron wave function in momentum space, we have employed an approach analogous to the WKB(Wenzel–Kramers–Brillouin) approximation. The resulting analytical formula of total photodetachment cross section depicts interesting oscillator structure that varies considerably with incident-photon energy,oscillator potential frequency, and electric field strength as elucidated by the numerical results. The current problem having close analogy with the Stark effect in charged harmonic oscillator may have potential implications in atomic and molecular physics and quantum optics.

关键词： photodetachment cross section harmonic oscillator potential Stark effect time-independent Schrodinger equation WKB approximation

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Transmitter-Receiver Path Selection for Cell Range Extension Using Multi-Hop D2D

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第8期68卷 2075-2093页

作者： Farah Akif kiran Sultan Aqdas N.Malik Ijaz M.Qureshi saba Mahmood Department of Electrical Engineering International Islamic UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of CIT FASKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21551Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Bahria UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan

Conventional approach of dealing with more users per coverage area in cellular networks implies densifying the amount of(Access Point)AP which will eventually result in a larger carbon *** this paper,we propose a base station off-loading and cell range extension(CRE)scheme based on multi-hop device-to-device(MHD2D)path selection between transmitter and receiver *** paper also provides derivations of upper and lower bounds for energy efficiency,capacity,and transmit *** proposed path selection scheme is inspired by the foraging behavior of honey *** present the algorithm as a modified variant of the artificial bee colony algorithm(MVABC).The proposed optimization problem is modeled as a minimization problem where we optimize the Energy Efficiency(EE).The proposed path selection MVABC is compared with the Genetic Algorithm(GA)and also with classical artificial bee colony(ABC)through simulations and statistical *** student’s t-test,p-value,and standard error of means(SEM)clearly show that MVABC based path selection out-performs the GA and classical ABC *** based approach is 66%more efficient when compared with classic ABC and about 62%efficient when compared with GA based scheme.

关键词： Multi-hop ultra-dense D2D path-selection ABC GA

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The quest for a globally comprehensible Russula language

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Fungal Diversity 2019年第6期99卷 369-449页

作者： Slavomır Adamcik Brian Looney Miroslav Cabon Sona Jancovicova Katarina Adamcikova Peter G.Avis Magdalena Barajas Rajendra P.Bhatt Adriana Corrales Kanad Das Felix Hampe Aniket Ghosh Genevieve Gates Ville Kalviainen Abdul Nasir Khalid Munazza kiran Ruben De Lange Hyun Lee Young Woon Lim Alejandro Kong Cathrin Manz Clark Ovrebo Malka saba Tero Taipale Annemieke Verbeken Komsit Wisitrassameewong Bart Buyck Institute of Botany Plant Science and Biodiversity CenterSlovak Academy of SciencesDubravska cesta 984523 BratislavaSlovakia Department of Biology Duke University130 Science DriveDurhamNC 27708-0338USA Department of Botany Faculty of Natural SciencesComeniusUniversity in BratislavaRevova 3981102 BratislavaSlovakia Department of Plant Pathology and Mycology Institute of Forest EcologySlovak Academy of Sciences ZvolenAkademicka 294901 NitraSlovakia Indiana University Northwest 3400 BroadwayMarram HallRoom 308GaryIN 46408USA Department of Botany&Microbiology H.N.B.Garhwal UniversityGarhwalSrinagar 246174UttarakhandIndia Programa de Biologia Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y MatematicasUniversidad del RosarioCr.24#63C-69BogotaD.C.Colombia A.J.C.Bose Indian Botanic Garden Botanical Survey of IndiaP.O.Botanic GardenHowrah 711103India Grafenroda Germany Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture Private Bag 98HobartTAS 7001Australia Helsinki Finland Department of Botany University of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam CampusLahore 54590Pakistan Department of Biology Ghent UniversityK.L.Ledeganckstraat 359000 GhentBelgium School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826South Korea Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biologicas Km.10.5 Carretera San Martin Texmelucan-TlaxcalaCP.90120IxtacuixtlaTlaxcalaMexico Department of Mycology Goethe University Frankfurt am MainBiologicumMax-von-Laue-Str.1360438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Department of Biology University of Central Oklahoma100.N.University DriveBox 89EdmondOK 73034USA Department of Plant Sciences Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan Koskenkylan Saha Finland Institut de Systematique Ecologie et Biodiversite(ISYEB)Museum national d’histoire naturelleCNRSSorbonne UniversiteEPHE57 rue CuvierCP 3975005 ParisFrance

Since 2007,the quality of Russula descriptions has improved and the use of molecular support for species delimitation and the number of published new species has ***,the description style is not consistent and has regional or author-specific *** recent publications still favour descriptions of spores compared to hymenium and pileipellis elements,and usually only the spore size is provided with statistical *** study proposes standards for descriptions of the microscopic structure of Russula species(Russulaceae,Agaricomycetes).We present the description template,the template measurements table,the specific terminology and the essential chemical *** proposed standards were tested by mycologists from 11 countries who met at the Russula Microscopy Workshop in *** of 26 species from 9 countries and four continents were prepared,among them ***,***,*** and *** are re-described and 15 species are introduced as new:***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***-pauli and *** descriptions for candidate new species are provided without a formal name *** comparison of species described in this study with available similar descriptions of related species suggests that microscopic characters from all parts of the basidiomata can be equally important for species recognition and they deserve the same treatment including number of measurements and *** majority of recent studies does not recognise differences between the pileus margin and centre,but more than one-third of the species described in this study show distinct differences between the pileus areas,emphasizing the importance to specify the origin of pileipellis *** study proved that there is frequently insufficient difference in the I

关键词： Morphology standards New species Phylogeny Species delimitation Taxonomy

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