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中国天然药物 2013年第5期11卷 528-533页

作者： Consolacion Y.Ragasa kimberly B.Cornelio Chemistry Department and Center for Natural Sciences and Ecological Research De La Salle University

AIM:To investigate the chemical constituents of the stems,leaves and roots of Euphorbia hirta,and to test for the cytotoxic and antimicrobial potentials of the major constituents of the ***: The compounds were isolated by silica gel chromatography and their structures were elucidated by NMR *** cytotoxicity tests were conducted using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay,while the antimicrobial tests employed the agar well ***: The air-dried stems of *** afforded taraxerone 1,a mixture of 25-hydroperoxycycloart-23-en-3-ol(2a) and 24-hydroperoxycycloart-25-en-3-ol(2b)(sample 2) in a 2:1 ratio,and another mixture of cycloartenol(3a),lupeol(3b),-amyrin(3c) and-amyrin(3d)(sample 3) in a 0.5:4:1:1 *** air-dried leaves of *** yielded sample 2 in a 3:2 ratio,sample 3 in a 2:3:1:1 ratio,phytol and phytyl fatty acid ester,while the roots afforded sample 2 in a 2:1 ratio,sample 3 in a 2:1:1:1 ratio,a mixture of cycloartenyl fatty acid ester 4a,lupeol fatty acid ester 4b,-amyrin fatty acid ester 4c and-amyrin fatty acid ester 4d(sample 4) in a 3:2:1:1 ratio,linoleic acid,-sitosterol and *** 1 from the stems,sample 2 from the leaves,and sample 3 from the stems were assessed for cytotoxicity against a human cancer cell line,colon carcinoma(HCT 116).Sample 2 showed good activity with an IC50 value of 4.8 g·mL 1,while 1 and sample 3 were inactive against HCT *** 2 was further tested for cytotoxicity against non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma(A549).It showed good activity against this cell line with an IC50 value of 4.5 g·mL *** assays were conducted on 1 and sample *** of the study indicated that 1 was active against the bacteria: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus,but was inactive against Escherichia coli and Bacillus *** 2 was active against the bacteria: Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and fungi:

关键词： Euphorbia hirta Asteraceae 25-Hydroperoxycycloart-23-en-3-ol 24-Hydroperoxycycloart-25-en-3-ol Cytotoxicity

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The world meteorological organization Tenth International Workshop on tropical cyclones(IWTC-10):A summary

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2023年第1期12卷 1-9页

作者： Robert Rogers Joseph Courtney kimberly Wood NOAA/AOML Hurricane Research Division MiamiFLUSA Bureau of Meteorology West PerthAustralia Mississippi State University MSUSA

The Tenth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-10)occurred from 5 to 9 December 2022 in Bali,*** workshop continued the goal of the original IWTC,held in 1985 in Bangkok,Thailand,to bring together forecasters and researchers from countries around the world that are impacted by tropical cyclones(TCs)to discuss the latest research and forecast advances and share best practices to improve TC forecasts *** workshops have continued as a regular feature of WMO efforts to encourage the advancement of TC forecasting and improve ways of communicating TC hazards to the general *** TC forecasting efforts in the past 10–15 years have emphasized hazards and impacts of landfalling TCs beyond just track and ***,there has been a growing interest in improving the communication of these hazards and impacts,using concepts from social and behavioral sciences,in ways that can lead to effective decision-making from stakeholders(e.g.,government officials,emergency managers,media,general public).As such,the theme for IWTC-10 was“Improved TC science and services for better decision-making.”More about this theme,how the workshop was structured around it,and key outcomes from the workshop are discussed in this summary article.©2023 The Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological *** services by Elsevier *** behalf of KeAi Communication *** is an open access article under the CC BY license(http://***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： Tropical cyclone workshop Forecasters and researchers Warning value cycle

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Mammary gland growth and vascularity at parturition and during lactation in primiparous ewes fed differing levels of selenium and nutritional plane during gestation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第4期4卷 287-293页

作者： Tammi L Neville Allison M Meyer Arshi Reyaz Pawel B Borowicz Dale A Redmer Lawrence P Reynolds Joel S Caton kimberly A Vonnahme Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy Department of Animal Sciences North Dakota State University

Background： Objectives were to examine the effects of selenium （Se） supply and maternal nutritional plane during gestation on mammary gland growth, cellular proliferation, and vascularity at parturition and d 20 of lactation. Rambouillet primiparous ewes （n = 84） were allocated to treatments in a 2 x 3 factorial. Factors were dietary Se （adequate Se [ASe, 11.5 μg/kg BW] or high Se [HSe, 77.0 μg/kg BVV]） and nutritional plane （60% IRES], 100% [CON], or 140% [EXC]）. At parturition, lambs were removed and 42 ewes （7/treatment） were necropsied. Remaining ewes were fed a common diet meeting requirements for lactation and mechanically milked twice daily until necropsy on d 20. At both necropsy periods, mammary glands were dissected and tissues harvested. Samples were analyzed for RNA, DNA, and protein content, cell proliferation, and vascularity. Where interactions were present （P 〈 0.05）, least squares means from the highest-order interaction are presented. Results： Final body weight of ewes was least （P 〈 0.002） in RES, intermediate for CON, and greatest for EXC, regardless of stage of the ewe at necropsy （parturition or d 20 of lactation）. In ewes necropsied at parturition, mammary glands were heavier （P = 0.02） in EXC compared to RES, with CON intermediate. Concentration of RNA （rag/g） was decreased （P= 0.01） in EXC compared to CON at parturition. There was a tendency （P= 0.07） for a Se by nutrition interaction in percentage of cells proliferating where ASe-EXC ewes had greater （P_〈 0.02） number of proliferating cells then all other treatments. Mammary vascular area tended （P = 0.08） to be affected by a Se by nutrition interaction where ASe-CON had less （P= 0.007） vascular area than HSe-CON ewes. In ewes necropsied at d 20 of lactation, the number of alveoli per area was decreased （P 〈- 0.05） in RES compared to CON and EXC-fed ewes. Conclusions： Results of this study indicate that proper maternal nutritional plane during gestation is important for mammary gland develo

关键词： Mammary gland Nutrition Proliferation Selenium Vascularity

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Did maize domestication and early spread mediate the population genetics of corn leafhopper?

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Insect Science 2019年第3期26卷 569-586页

作者： Julio S. Bernal Amanda M. Davila-Flores Raul F. Medina Yolanda H. Chen Kyle E. Harrison kimberly A. Berrier Department of Entomology Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA Department of Plant and Soil Sciences University of Vermont Burlington Vermont USA

Investigating how crop domestication and early farming mediated crop attributes, distributions, and interactions with antagonists may shed light on today's agricultural pest problems. Crop domestication generally involved artificial selection for traits desirable to early farmers, for example, in creased productivity or yield, and enhanced qualities, though invariably it altered the interactions between crops and insects, and expanded the geographical ranges of crops. Thus, some studies suggest that with crop domestication and spread, insect populations on wild crop ancestors gave rise to pestiferous insect populations on crops. Here, we addressed whether the emergence of corn leafhopper (Dalbulus ma id is) as an agricultural pest may be associated with domestication and early spread of maize (Zea mays mays). We used AFLP markers and mitochondrial COI sequences to assess population genetic structuring and haplotype relationships among corn leafhopper samples from maize and its wild relative Zea diploperennis from multiple locations in Mexico and Argentina. We uncovered seven corn leafhopper haplotypes contained within two haplogroups, one haplogroup containing haplotypes associated with maize and the other containing haplotypes associated with Z. diploperennis in a mountainous habitat. Within the first haplogroup, one haplotype was predominant across Mexican locations, and another across Argentinean locations;both were considered pestiferous. We suggested that the divergence times of the maize-associated haplogroup and of the "pestiferous" haplotypes are correlated with the chronology of maize spread following its domestication. Overall, our results support a hypothesis positing that maize domestication favored corn leafhopper genotypes preadapted for exploiting maize so that they became pestiferous, and that with the geographical expansi on of maize farming, corn leafhopper colonized Z. diploperennis, a host exclusive to secluded habitats that serves as a refuge fo

关键词： Dalbulus maidis haplotype network analysis perennial teosinte population genetic structuring Zea diploperennis Zea mays mays

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Nutrient-regulated dynamics of chondroprogenitors in the postnatal murine growth plate

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Bone Research 2023年第2期11卷 340-353页

作者： Takeshi Oichi Joe Kodama kimberly Wilson Hongying Tian Yuka Imamura Kawasawa Yu Usami Yasushi Oshima Taku Saito Sakae Tanaka Masahiro Iwamoto Satoru Otsuru Motomi Enomoto-Iwamoto Department of Orthopedics School of MedicineUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMD21201USA Sensory&Motor System Medicine Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoBunkyo-kuTokyo1138655Japan Department of Orthopedics Teikyo University School of MedicineTokyo1738608Japan Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyPA17033USA Department of Oral Pathology Osaka University Graduate School of DentistrySuitaOsaka5650871Japan

Longitudinal bone growth relies on endochondral ossification in the cartilaginous growth plate,where chondrocytes accumulate and synthesize the matrix scaffold that is replaced by *** chondroprogenitors in the resting zone maintain the continuous turnover of chondrocytes in the growth *** is a leading cause of growth retardation in children;however,after recovery from nutrient deprivation,bone growth is accelerated beyond the normal rate,a phenomenon termed catch-up *** nutritional status is a known regulator of long bone growth,it is largely unknown whether and how chondroprogenitor cells respond to deviations in nutrient ***,using fate-mapping analysis in Axin2CreERT2 mice,we showed that dietary restriction increased the number of Axin2+chondroprogenitors in the resting zone and simultaneously inhibited their *** nutrient deficiency was resolved,the accumulated chondroprogenitor cells immediately restarted differentiation and formed chondrocyte columns,contributing to accelerated ***,we showed that nutrient deprivation reduced the level of phosphorylated Akt in the resting zone and that exogenous IGF-1 restored the phosphorylated Akt level and stimulated differentiation of the pooled chondroprogenitors,decreasing their *** study of Axin2CreERT2 revealed that nutrient availability regulates the balance between accumulation and differentiation of chondroprogenitors in the growth plate and further demonstrated that IGF-1 partially mediates this regulation by promoting the committed differentiation of chondroprogenitor cells.

关键词： progenitor plate maintain

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移动游戏开发精要 5

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丛书名：游戏开发与设计技术丛书

2013年

作者： (美)kimberly Unger (美)Jeannie Novak

本书分为3个部分，涵盖移动游戏产业背景、内容创作和制作/商业周期的主题。第一部分（第1-3章）集中阐述移动游戏开发领域历史性和框架性的内容。第二部分（第4-6章）关注移动游戏开发者们如何创作引人注目的内容。第三部分（第7-9章... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9787111434139

ISBN: (纸本)9787111434139

本书分为3个部分，涵盖移动游戏产业背景、内容创作和制作/商业周期的主题。第一部分（第1-3章）集中阐述移动游戏开发领域历史性和框架性的内容。第二部分（第4-6章）关注移动游戏开发者们如何创作引人注目的内容。第三部分（第7-9章）关注制作、分销、市场及对未来的预测。

关键词：程序设计

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Intervertebral disc degeneration is rescued by TGFβ/BMP signaling modulation in an ex vivo flamin B mouse model

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Bone Research 2022年第3期10卷 524-535页

作者： Jennifer Zieba kimberly N.Forlenza Kelly Heard Jorge H.Martin Michaela Bosakova Daniel H.Cohn Stephen P.Robertson Pavel Krejci Deborah Krakow Department of Orthopedic Surgery Los AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Biology Faculty of MedicineMasaryk University62500 BrnoCzech Republic International Clinical Research Center St.Anne’s University Hospital65691 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics Czech Academy of Sciences60200 BrnoCzech Republic Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Women’s and Children’s Health Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand Department of Human Genetics Los AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Los AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Pediatrics David Geffen School of Medicine at University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA

Spondylocarpotarsal syndrome(SCT) is a rare musculoskeletal disorder characterized by short stature and vertebral, carpal, and tarsal fusions resulting from biallelic nonsense mutations in the gene encoding filamin B(FLNB). Utilizing a FLNB knockout mouse,we showed that the vertebral fusions in SCT evolved from intervertebral disc(IVD) degeneration and ossification of the annulus fibrosus(AF), eventually leading to full trabecular bone formation. This resulted from alterations in the TGFβ/BMP signaling pathway that included increased canonical TGFβ and noncanonical BMP signaling. In this study, the role of FLNB in the TGFβ/BMP pathway was elucidated using in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo treatment methodologies. The data demonstrated that FLNB interacts with inhibitory Smads 6 and 7(i-Smads) to regulate TGFβ/BMP signaling and that loss of FLNB produces increased TGFβ receptor activity and decreased Smad 1 ubiquitination. Through the use of small molecule inhibitors in an ex vivo spine model, TGFβ/BMP signaling was modulated to design a targeted treatment for SCT and disc degeneration. Inhibition of canonical and noncanonical TGFβ/BMP pathway activity restored Flnb-/-IVD morphology. These most effective improvements resulted from specific inhibition of TGFβand p38 signaling activation. FLNB acts as a bridge for TGFβ/BMP signaling crosstalk through i-Smads and is key for the critical balance in TGFβ/BMP signaling that maintains the IVD. These findings further our understanding of IVD biology and reveal new molecular targets for disc degeneration as well as congenital vertebral fusion disorders.

关键词： TGFβ vivo BMP treatment

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电解抛光减少核蒸汽发生器的放射物积聚

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锅炉技术 1991年第11期22卷 20-23页

作者： kimberly Barr 徐志琴

减少人员辐照量是运行核电站的公用事业目前关心的重点。由于沉积于部件及管道表面的辐射腐蚀物成为维修期间接受放射剂量的主要来源,因而工作的重点是集中在减少维修工作区表面的可能污染。目前电解抛光很快成为美国可接受的解决该问... 详细信息

减少人员辐照量是运行核电站的公用事业目前关心的重点。由于沉积于部件及管道表面的辐射腐蚀物成为维修期间接受放射剂量的主要来源,因而工作的重点是集中在减少维修工作区表面的可能污染。目前电解抛光很快成为美国可接受的解决该问题方法。

关键词：电站管道放射物发生器电解抛光

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Diabetes exacerbates inflammatory bowel disease in mice with dietinduced obesity

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世界胃肠病学杂志:英文版 2023年第33期29卷 4991-5004页

作者： Kendra L Francis kimberly M Alonge Maria Cristina Pacheco Shannon J Hu Cody A Krutzsch Gregory J Morton Michael W Schwartz Jarrad M Scarlett Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Seattle Children’s HospitalSeattleWA 98105United States 不详 Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195United States Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Seattle Children's HospitalSeattleWA 98105United States

BACKGROUND The increased prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)among patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes suggests a causal link between these diseases,potentially involving the effect of hyperglycemia to disrupt intestinal barrier *** To investigate whether the deleterious impact of diabetes on the intestinal barrier is associated with increased IBD severity in a murine model of colitis in mice with and without diet-induced *** Mice were fed chow or a high-fat diet and subsequently received streptozotocin to induce diabetic-range *** weeks later,dextran sodium sulfate was given to induce *** select experiments,a subset of diabetic mice was treated with the antidiabetic drug dapagliflozin prior to colitis *** included both clinical and histological measures of colitis activity as well as histochemical markers of colonic epithelial barrier *** In mice given a high-fat diet,but not chow-fed animals,diabetes was associated with significantly increased clinical colitis activity and histopathologic markers of disease *** was also associated with a decrease in key components that regulate colonic epithelial barrier integrity(colonic mucin layer content and epithelial tight junction proteins)in diet-induced obese *** of these effects of diabetes in diet-induced obese mice was ameliorated by restoring *** In obese mice,diabetes worsened clinical and pathologic outcomes of colitis via mechanisms that are reversible with treatment of ***-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction offers a plausible mechanism linking diabetes to increased colitis *** findings suggest that effective diabetes management may decrease the clinical severity of IBD.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Type 2 diabetes Obesity Intestinal barrier Hyperglycemia Colitis in mice Tight junction proteins

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Bio-Psycho-Social-Spiritual Aspects of Geriatric Care Management

Bio-Psycho-Social-Spiritual Aspects of Geriatric Care Manage...

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The 8th Asia/Oceania Regional Congress of Gerontology and Geriatrics

作者： Beverly Buckles kimberly Freeman School of Science and Technology Loma Linda University Loma LindaCaliforniaUSA Department of Social Work and Social Ecology Loma Linda University Loma LindaCaliforniaUSA

A comprehensive approach to geriatric care management necessitates that every aspect of the individual’s well-being is taken into consideration.A bio-psycho-social-spiritual approach to geriatric care management addresses this need by enabling the worker to obtain a wholistic view of the varied and complex situational

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