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A combination of density-based clustering method and DEM to numerically investigate the breakage of bonded pharmaceutical granules in the ball milling process

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Particuology 2021年第5期19卷 153-168页

作者： Alexander Krok Peter Peciar kieran coffey Keith Bryan Sandra Lenihan Department of Process Energy and Transport EngineeringMunster Technological UniversityBishopstownCork T12 P928Ireland Department of Mechanical Biomedical and Manufacturing EngineeringMunster Technological UniversityBishopstownCork T12 P928Ireland Pfizer Newbridge LittleconnellNewbridgeCo.Kildare W12 HX57Ireland Institute of Process Engineering Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringSlovak University of TechnologyNam.Slobody 1781231 BratislavaSlovakia

Ball milling is widely used in industry to mill particulate *** primary purpose of this process is to attain an appropriate product size with the least possible energy *** process is also extensively utilised in pharmaceuticals for the comminution of the excipients or ***,for ball mill,little is known concerning the mechanism of size *** prediction approaches are not deemed useful to provide significant insights into the operation or facilitate radical step changes in ***,the discrete element method(DEM)as a computational modelling approach has been used in this *** previous research,DEM has been applied to simulate breaking behaviour through the impact energy of all ball collisions as the driving force for ***,the nature of pharmaceutical material fragmentation during ball milling is more *** functional equations which link broken media and applied energy do not consider the collision of particulate media of different shapes or collisions of particulate media(such as granules)with balls and rotating mill *** could have a significant impact on ***,this paper aimed to investigate the fragmentation of bounded particles into DEM granules of different shape/size during the ball milling process.A systematic study was undertaken to explore the effect of milling speed on breakage ***,in this study,a combination of a density-based clustering method and discrete element method was employed to numerically investigate the number and size of the fragments generated during the ball milling process over *** was discovered that the collisions of the ball increased proportionally with rotation speed until reaching the critical rotation ***,results illustrate that with an increase of rotation speed,the mill power increased *** caratacting motion of mill material together with balls was identified as the most

关键词： Ball milling Granular pharmaceutical lactose Density-based clustering Discrete element method Breakage Mill rotation speed ABAQUS

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Historical development of mesenteric anatomy provides a universally applicable anatomic paradigm for complete/total mesocolic excision

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Gastroenterology Report 2014年第4期2卷 245-250页

作者： Rishabh Sehgal J.Calvin coffey Centre for Interventions in Infection Inflammation and Immunity(4i)Graduate Entry Medical SchoolUniversity of LimerickIreland Department of Surgery University Hospitals Group LimerickLimerickIreland

Although total mesorectal excision has now become the‘gold standard’for the surgical management of rectal cancer,this is not so for colon *** data,provided by Hohenberger and West et *** others,have demonstrated excellent oncological outcomes when mesenterectomy is extensive(as is implicit in the concept of a‘high tie’)and the mesenteric package not *** studies highlight the importance of understanding the basics of the mesenteric organ(including the small intestinal mesentery,mesocolon,mesosigmoid and mesorectum)and of abiding to principles of planar *** this review,we first offer classic descriptions of the mesocolon and then detail contemporary *** so doing,we provide an anatomical basis for safe and effective complete mesocolic excision(CME)in the management of colon *** we list opportunities associated with the new anatomical paradigm,demonstrating benefits across multiple *** most importantly,we feel that a crystallized view of mesenteric anatomy will overcome factors that have hindered the general uptake of CME.

关键词： mesocolon mesenteric excision complete mesocolic excision Toldt’s fascia

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Specific serum antibody binding to phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated tau in non-cognitively impaired,mildly cognitively impaired,and Alzheimer’s disease subjects:an exploratory study

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2017年第1期6卷 324-332页

作者： Andrea C.Klaver Mary P.coffey David A.Bennett David A.Loeffler Department of Neurology Beaumont Research InstituteBeaumont HealthRoyal OakMIUSA Department of Biostatistics Beaumont Research InstituteBeaumont HealthRoyal OakMIUSA Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center ChicagoIL 60612USA

Background:Tau vaccination and administration of anti-tau antibodies can prevent pathology and cognitive impairment in transgenic mouse models of tauopathy,suggesting that therapies which increase anti-tau antibodies might slow the development and/or progression of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).The extent to which individuals with no cognitive impairment(NCI)possess serum anti-tau antibodies,and whether their concentrations of these antibodies differ from anti-tau antibody levels in persons with mild cognitive impairment(MCI)or AD,are *** studies measuring these antibodies did not account for antibody polyvalent binding,which can be extensive,nor that antibody binding to phosphorylated tau peptides could be due to binding to non-phosphorylated epitopes on those ***:An ELISA controlling for these factors was used to measure the specific binding of serum IgG and IgM to phosphorylated(“pTau;”phosphorylated at Serine-199 and Serine-202)and non-phosphorylated(“non-pTau”)tau 196-207 in subjects with NCI,MCI,or AD(n=10/group).Between-group differences in these antibody levels were evaluated for statistical significance,and correlations were examined in pooled data from all subjects between these antibody levels and subject age,global cognitive functioning,and NFT ***:Specific IgG binding to pTau and non-pTau was detected in all subjects except for one NCI *** IgM binding was detected to pTau in all subjects except for two AD patients,and to non-pTau in all *** pTau IgG was increased in MCI subjects by 53% and 70% *** and NCI subjects respectively(both p<0.05),while no significant differences were found between groups for non-pTau IgG(p=0.052),pTau IgM,or non-pTau ***-pTau IgG was negatively associated with global cognition(Spearman rho=−0.50).Conclusions:Specific binding of serum IgG and IgM to phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated tau may be present in older persons regardless of their cognitive *** IgG

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Antibodies Elisa ELISA Mild cognitive impairment Phosphorylated tau

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Evolution:Back to the future to understand and control prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Urology 2014年第1期1卷 4-11页

作者： Donald S.coffey Brady Urological Institute The Johns Hopkins HospitalBaltimoreMDUSA

*** I am most honored to be asked to contribute to the Asian Journal of Urology(AJU).For many years Asian urologists and investigators have provided major contributions to Urology.I applaud and salute this great *** n... 详细信息

关键词： cancer moment. Evolution

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Diurnal variation in fecal concentrations of acid-detergent insoluble ash and alkaline-peroxide lignin from cattle fed bermudagrass hays of varying nutrient content

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第4期6卷 410-415页

作者： Juvenal Kanani Dirk Philipp Kenneth P coffey Elizabeth B Kegley Charles P West Shane Gadberry John Jennings Ashley N Young Robert T Rhein Division of Agriculture University of Arkansas Department of Plant and Soil Science Texas Tech University

Background： The effect of time of fecal sampling on the accuracy of acid-detergent insoluble ash （ADIA） and alkaline-peroxide lignin （APL） for the prediction of fecal output （FO） in cattle was evaluated. Eight ruminally cannulated cows （594 _＋ 35.5 kg） were allocated randomly to 4 bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon （L.） Pers.] hay diets markedly different in crude protein concentration （79-164 g/kg） with 2 replicates per diet for 3 periods. Cows were offered hay individually at 20 g DM/kg of body weight daily in equal feedings at 08：00 and 16：00 h for a 10-d adaptation period followed by 5-d of total fecal collection. Fecal grab samples also were taken each day during the fecal collection period at 06：00, 12：00, 18：00, and 24：00 h either directly from the rectum or from freshly voided feces. Samples were composited within cow and time across the 5 d total fecal collection period. Additionally, forage, ort, and fecal samples were analyzed for concentrations of APL and ADIA. Results： Fecal concentrations of ADIA and APL were not affected by sampling time （P 〉 0.22）, even though diet affected （P 〈 0.01） fecal ADIA and APL concentrations. There were no diet x sampling time interactions （P ≥ 0.60）. Estimates of FO and dry matter digestibility （DMD） from ADIA and APL were not affected （P 〉 0.16） by sampling time or the diet x sampling time interaction （P 〉 0.74）. Estimates of FO and DMD from markers from different sampling times or all different combinations of sampling time were not different （P 〉 0.72） from those of total collection among internal markers. Conclusion： Little variation in concentrations of ADIA and APL in daily fecal excretion across time increases flexibility in fecal grab sampling schedules for predicting FO and DMD.

关键词： Digestibility Fecal sampling time Internal markers Bermudagrass Cattle

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肠系膜器官在炎症性肠病中作用的新认识

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中华炎性肠病杂志（中英文） 2019年第4期3卷 280-283页

作者：李毅 John Calvin coffey 东部战区总医院普通外科炎症性肠病治疗中心南京210002 爱尔兰利默里克大学炎症感染和免疫中心利默里克大学医院外科

近期的研究表明肠系膜是具有独立解剖结构和功能特性的器官,其在炎症性肠病的病理生理中可能起到重要的作用.肠系膜的主要组成部分如脂肪组织、淋巴管、血管和神经均与克罗恩病的发病机制和疾病进展有关.肠系膜和炎症性肠病的关系体现... 详细信息

近期的研究表明肠系膜是具有独立解剖结构和功能特性的器官,其在炎症性肠病的病理生理中可能起到重要的作用.肠系膜的主要组成部分如脂肪组织、淋巴管、血管和神经均与克罗恩病的发病机制和疾病进展有关.肠系膜和炎症性肠病的关系体现在多个层面,包括疾病诊断、疾病表型、疾病严重程度、病变范围、药物治疗和手术策略等.肠系膜病变与肠道炎症的因果关系尚不明了.以肠系膜为靶点进行药物和手术的干预,有可能改变炎症性肠病的疾病进程和转归.

关键词：肠系膜克罗恩病炎症性肠病肠系膜器官

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Comparison of acid-detergent lignin,alkaline-peroxide lignin,and acid-detergent insoluble ash as internal markers for predicting fecal output and digestibility by cattle offered bermudagrass hays of varying nutrient composition

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第3期5卷 310-317页

Background： The potential for acid-detergent insoluble ash （ADIA）, alkaline-peroxide lignin （APL）, and acid-detergent lignin （ADL） to predict fecal output （FO） and dry matter digestibility （DMD） by cattle offered bermudagrass [Cynodon doctylon （L） Pers.] hays of different qualities was evaluated. Eight ruminally cannulated cows （594 ± 35.5 kg） were allocated randomly to 4 hay diets： low （L）, medium low （ML）, medium high （MH）, and high （H） crude protein （CP） concentration （79, 111,131, and 164 g CP/kg on a DM basis, respectively）. Diets were offered in 3 periods with 2 diet replicates per period and were rotated across cows between periods. Cows were individually fed 20 g DM/kg of body weight in equal feedings at 08：00 and 16：00 h for a 10-d adaptation followed by a 5-d total fecal collection. Actual DM intake （DMI）, DMD, and FO were determined based on hay offered, ort, and feces excreted. These components were then analyzed for ADL, APL, and ADIA concentration to determine marker recovery and marker-based estimates of FO and DMD. Results： Forage DMI was affected by diet （P = 0.02）, and DMI from MH and H was greater （P 〈 0.05） than from L. Apparent DMD tended （P = 0.08） to differ among diets while FO （P = 0.20） was not affected by diet treatments. Average ADL recovery （1.16） was greater （P 〈 0.05） than that of ADIA （1.03） and APL （1.06）, but ADIA and APL did not differ （P = 0.42）. Estimates of FO and DMD derived using APL and ADIA were not different （P≥0.05） from total fecal collection while those using ADL differed （P 〈 0.05）. There was no diet by marker interaction （P≥ 0.22） for either FO or DMD. Conclusion： Acid-detergent insoluble ash and APL accurately predicted FO and DMD of cattle fed bermudagrass hay of varying nutrient composition. These internal markers may facilitate studies involving large numbers of animals and forages. Results from such studies may be used to develop improved equations to predict energy values of forages based on the relationship of di

关键词： Acid-detergent insoluble ash Alkaline-peroxide lignin Bermudagrass Cattle Digestibility Marker

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Forage and breed effects on behavior and temperament of pregnant beef heifers

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第3期4卷 165-169页

作者： Angela R Mays Michael L Looper Benjamin C Williamson Kenneth P coffey Wayne K Coblentz Glen E Aiken Charles F Rosenkrans Jr Department of Animal Science University of ArkansasFayetteville AR 72701 USA Department of Agricultural Sciences Morehead StateUniversity327 Reed Hall Morehead KY 40351 USA USDA-ARS US Dairy Forage Research CenterMarshfield WI 54449 USA USDA-ARS Forage Animal Production Research UnitLexingtonKY 40546 USA

Background： Integration of behavioral observations with traditional selection schemes may lead to enhanced animal well-being and more profitable forage-based cattle production ***-influenced（BR;n = 64） and Gelbvieh × Angus（GA;n = 64） heifers consumed either toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue（E＋） or one of two nontoxic endophyte-infected tall fescue（NT） cultivars during two *** were weighed at midpoint and termination of *** behavior（grazing,resting in the shade,lying,or standing without grazing） was recorded（n = 13 visual observations per yr in June and July） for each *** yr 2,exit velocity（EV） and serum prolactin（PRL） were ***： Grazing behavior was influenced（P 0.05） by an interaction between fescue cultivar and breed *** × Angus heifers assigned to E＋ pastures had the lowest percentage of animals grazing and the largest percentage of animals resting in the ***-influenced heifers had faster EV（P 0.001） than GA heifers（0.52 vs.0.74 ± 0.04 s/m,respectively）.Body weight（BW） was affected（P 0.01） by an interaction of tall fescue cultivar and d,and an interaction of tall fescue cultivar and breed *** grazing NT pastures were heavier（P 0.01） than heifers grazing E＋ pastures at midpoint and *** × Angus heifers grazing NT pastures were heavier（P 0.01） than GA and BR heifers grazing E＋ and BR heifers grazing NT *** interaction of forage cultivar and breed type occurred on serum PRL（P 0.01）.Conclusion： Collectively fescue cultivar,EV,and concentrations of serum PRL were associated with grazing *** grazing NT pastures were observed to be grazing more than heifers assigned to E＋ pastures,regardless of breed type,which may have contributed to changes in BW and average daily gain（ADG） in *** of behavioral observations along with traditional selection schemes may lead to enhanced animal well-being and more profitable forage-based cattle prod

关键词： Cattle Endophyte-infected tall fescue Grazing behavior Prolactin Temperament

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Light hydrocarbon geochemistry:insight into oils/condensates families and inferred source rocks of the Woodford–Mississippian tight oil play in North-Central Oklahoma,USA

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Petroleum Science 2020年第3期17卷 582-597页

作者： Ting Wang Dong-Lin Zhang Xiao-Yong Yang Jing-Qian Xu coffey Matthew You-Jun Tang Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources(Yangtze University) Ministry of EducationWuhan 430100HubeiChina School of Geology and Geophysics.University of Oklahoma NormanOK 73019USA Devon Energy Corporation Oklahoma CityOK 73102USA

The Woodford–Mississippian"Commingled Production"is a prolific unconventional hydrocarbon play in Oklahoma,*** tight reservoirs feature variations in produced fluid chemistry usually explained by different possible source *** chemical variations are regularly obtained from bulk,molecular,and isotopic *** this study,we present a new geochemical investigation of gasoline range hydrocarbons,biomarkers,and diamondoids in oils from Mississippian carbonate and Woodford Shale.A set of oil/condensate samples were examined using high-performance gas chromatography and mass *** result of the condensates from the Anadarko Basin shows a distinct geochemical fingerprint reflected in light hydrocarbon characterized by heptane star diagrams,convinced by biomarker characteristics and diamantane isomeric *** possible source rocks were identified,the Woodford Shale and Mississippian mudrocks,with a variable degree of *** maturity based on light hydrocarbon parameters indicates that condensates from the Anadarko Basin are of the highest maturity,followed by"Old"Woodford-sourced oils and central Oklahoma tight *** geochemical parameters shed light on petroleum migration within Devonian–Mississippian petroleum systems and mitigate geological risk in exploring and developing petroleum reservoirs.

关键词： Tight oil-Tight condensate Woodford Shale Mississippia n limestone Light hydrocarb on geochemistry Anadarko Basin

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致密油/凝析油中的轻烃地球化学特征——以美国伍德福德-密西西比油气区带为例

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断块油气田 2020年第4期27卷 438-442,453页

作者：张冬琳 Matthew coffey 唐友军王霆长江大学油气资源与勘探技术教育部重点实验室湖北武汉430100 美国德文能源有限责任公司俄克拉荷马俄克拉荷马城73102 美国俄克拉荷马大学地质与地球物理学院俄克拉荷马诺曼73019

密西西比(Mississippian)石灰岩致密储层特征的变化反映了所产油气化学性质的不同,这通常被解释为油气可能来源于不同的烃源岩。文中对产自密西西比石灰岩和伍德福德(Woodford)页岩致密储层中的原油样品的轻烃、分子标志物进行了气相色... 详细信息

密西西比(Mississippian)石灰岩致密储层特征的变化反映了所产油气化学性质的不同,这通常被解释为油气可能来源于不同的烃源岩。文中对产自密西西比石灰岩和伍德福德(Woodford)页岩致密储层中的原油样品的轻烃、分子标志物进行了气相色谱(GC)和气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)测试。结果显示:源自密西西比石灰岩的原油具有独特的地球化学指纹特征,如丰富的长链三环萜烷和独特的庚烷星图展布特征,这些特征指示了有机质来源和热成熟度等信息;原油分子组成特征的差异揭示了可能有2套烃源岩层,分别是伍德福德页岩和密西西比石灰岩。该研究为阿纳达科盆地泥盆系-密西西比系油气系统中的油气运移提供了地球化学方面的证据和启示,减小了勘探开发的地质风险。

关键词：页岩油凝析油伍德福德页岩密西西比石灰岩轻烃地球化学特征阿纳达科盆地

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