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Effect of CaF2 content in refining slag on formation behavior of spinel inclusion in Ni-Cr-V-alloyed special steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2018年第2期25卷 157-163页

作者： Jae-hong Shin Joo-hyun park Department of Materials Engineering Hanyang UniversityAnsan 426-791 Korea

The influence of CaF2 content on the formation behavior of spinel inclusions in the Ni-Cr-V-alloyed special steel was presented. The spinel was not formed at CaF2 content lower than 10 wt%. However, it was formed at early stage when the CaF2 content was greater than 30 wt%, followed by a modification to the aluminosilicate-type inclusions. Because the slag was saturated by MgO, the activity of MgO was unity irrespective of CaF2 content in the slag. Thus, Mg was transferred from slag to metal phase. Mg transferred to molten steel reacted with Al2O3-rich inclusions to form ***2O3 spinel. However, the spinel inclusion was modified to aluminosilicate-type inclusions by the reaction with Si and Ca transferred from slag to molten steel about 2-3 h later.

关键词： Spinel inclusion Refining slag CaF2 content Ni-Cr-V-alloyed special steel

Rice pollen-specific OsRALF17 and OsRALF19 are essential for pollen tube growth

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第9期65卷 2218-2236页

作者： Eui‐Jung kim Ji‐Hyun kim Woo‐Jong hong Eun Young kim Myung‐Hee kim Su Kyoung Lee Cheol Woo Min Sun Tae kim Soon ki park ki‐hong Jung Yu‐Jin kim Graduate School of Green Bio‐Science&Crop Biotech Institute Kyung Hee UniversityYongin 17104Republic of Korea Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry Life and Industry Convergence Research InstitutePusan National UniversityMiryang 50463Republic of Korea Department of Smart Farm Science Kyung Hee UniversityYongin 17104Republic of Korea School of Applied Biosciences Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Genomics Division Department of Agricultural Bio‐ResourcesNational Institute of Agricultural SciencesRural Development AdministrationJeonju 54874Republic of Korea Department of Plant Bioscience Pusan National UniversityMiryang 50463Republic of Korea Research Center for Plant Plasticity Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

Pollen tube growth is essential for successful double fertilization, which is critical for grain yield in crop plants. Rapid alkalinization factors(RALFs) function as ligands for signal transduction during fertilization. However, functional studies on RALF in monocot plants are ***, we functionally characterized two pollen-specific RALFs in rice(Oryza sativa) using multiple clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9-induced loss-of-function mutants,peptide treatment, expression analyses, and tag reporter lines. Among the 41 RALF members in rice, OsRALF17 was specifically expressed at the highest level in pollen and pollen *** applied OsRALF17 or OsRALF19peptide inhibited pollen tube germination and elongation at high concentrations but enhanced tube elongation at low concentrations, indicating growth regulation. Double mutants of OsRALF17 and OsRALF19(ralf17/19) exhibited almost full male sterility with defects in pollen hydration, germination, and tube elongation,which was partially recovered by exogenous treatment with OsRALF17 peptide. This study revealed that two partially functionally redundant OsRALF17 and OsRALF19 bind to Oryza sativa male-gene transfer defective 2(OsMTD2) and transmit reactive oxygen species signals for pollen tube germination and integrity maintenance in rice. Transcriptomic analysis confirmed their common downstream genes, in osmtd2 and ralf17/19. This study provides new insights into the role of RALF, expanding our knowledge of the biological role of RALF in regulating rice fertilization.

关键词： CRISPR-Cas9 CrRLK1L monocot Oryza sativa pollen tube growth rapid alkalinization factor(RALF)

Redox Charge Transfer kinetics and Reversibility of VO_(2) in Aqueous and Non-Aqueous Electrolytes of Na-Ion Storage

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第4期5卷 1222-1228页

作者： Sul ki park Kang Ho Shin Puritut Nakhanivej Harpalsinh H.Rana Ho Seok park School of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringSungkyunkwan University2066Seobu-roJangan-guSuwon-si Gyeonggi-do 440-746Republic of Korea Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FSUK Department of Health Sciences and Technology Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology(SAIHST)Sungkyunkwan University2066SeoburoJangan-guSuwon 440-746South Korea SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology(SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University2066SeoburoJangan-guSuwon 440-746South Korea

The deep understanding about the electrochemical behavior of the nanostructured electrode in electrolytes provides crucial insights for the rational design of electrode for sodium(Na)-ion storage system(NIS).Here,we report redox charge transfer kinetics and reversibility of VO_(2)(B) nanorod electrodes in both aqueous and organic electrolytes for *** assynthesized VO_(2)(B) nanorods show the reversible redox reaction with the higher specific and rate capacitances at high current density in aqueous electrolytes than in organic ***-dependent impedance measurements demonstrate the more facile interfacial charge transfer of Na ions into VO_(2)(B) nanorods in aqueous *** reversible evolution in oxidation state and chemical composition of VO_(2)(B) nanorods is observed in aqueous electrolytes,as confirmed by ex situ XRD and ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy *** by the facile and reversible pseudocapacitive feature,the electrochemical performances of VO_(2)(B) nanorods are further improved by constructing the hierarchical structure of the reduced graphene oxide-VO_(2) composite for aqueous Na+ion storage.

关键词： aqueous electrolyte energy storage mechanism hierarchical structure nanorod sodium ion storage

Intravitreal long-term sustained ranibizumab delivery using injectable microgel-embedded hydrogel

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2024年第5期19卷 126-138页

作者： Simin Lee Jun Young park Hye Kyoung hong Joo Young Son Byungwook kim Jae Yong Chung Se Joon Woo ki Dong park Department of Molecular Science and Technology Ajou UniversitySuwon 16499Republic of Korea Department of Ophthalmology Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnam 13620Republic of Korea Department of Ophthalmology Eulji University School of MedicineUijeongbu Eulji Medical CenterUijeongbu11759Republic of Korea Seoul National University Hospital Seoul 03080Republic of Korea Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnam 13620Republic of Korea

Retinal vascular disease is the leading cause of visual *** intravitreal drug injections are the most suitable approach for addressing retinal disorders,existing clinical treatments necessitate repeated administration,imposing a substantial burden on patients with various intraocular *** study introduces an injectable and biodegradable hyaluronan microgel(Hm)-embedded gelatin-PEG-tyramine hydrogel(HmGh)designed for sustained intravitreal ranibizumab(RBZ)delivery to reduce patient burden and minimize the side effects associated with frequent *** exhibited a controlled RBZ loading capacity and release *** effectively controlled the initial burst release and overall release *** and cellular drug efficacy were also *** an animal study,HmGh maintained RBZ concentrations in the vitreous and retina for>120 *** studies showed that the half-life of RBZ-loaded HmGh in the vitreous and retina was 2.55 and 2.05 times longer than that of RBZ-loaded Hm and 9.58 and 38.46 times longer than that of RBZ ***,the initial RBZ elimination from HmGh to the aqueous humor was significantly reduced compared to that from Hm and RBZ *** degradation and safety were comprehensively evaluated using fundus imaging and histological *** conclusion,this injectable hydrogel is a promising prolonged drug delivery system for treating various posterior segment eye diseases.

关键词： Age-related macular degeneration Ranibizumab Microgel-embedded hydrogel Long-term drug delivery Pharmacokinetics Biodegradation

Integration of omics studies indicates that species-dependent molecular mechanisms govern male fertility

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 1026-1039页

作者： Yoo-Jin park Won-ki Pang Myung-Geol Pang Department of Animal Science&Technology and BET Research Institute Chung-Ang UniversityAnseongGyeonggi‑do17546Republic of Korea

Background Comparative and comprehensive omics studies have recently been conducted to provide a comprehensive understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying ***,because these huge omics datasets often contain irrelevant information,editing strategies for summarizing and filtering the data are necessary prerequisite steps for identifying biomarkers of male ***,we attempted to integrate omics data from spermatozoa with normal and below-normal fertility from boars and bulls,including transcriptomic,proteomic,and metabolomic *** enrichment analysis was conducted and visualized using g:Profiler,Cytoscape,EnrichmentMap,and AutoAnnotation to determine fertility-related biological functions according to *** In particular,gamete production and protein biogenesis-associated pathways were enriched in bull spermatozoa with below-normal fertility,whereas mitochondrial-associated metabolic pathways were enriched in boar spermatozoa with normal *** results indicate that below-normal fertility may be determined by aberrant regulation of protein synthesis during spermatogenesis,and the modulation of reactive oxygen species generation to maintain capacitation and the acrosome reaction governs boar sperm *** Overall,this approach demonstrated that distinct molecular pathways drive sperm fertility in mammals in a species-dependent ***,we anticipate that searching for species-specific signaling pathways may aid in the discovery of fertility-related biomarkers within large omics datasets.

关键词： Integrated signaling pathways Male fertility Metabolomics Proteomics Spermatozoa transcriptomics

Using Speaker-Specific Emotion Representations in Wav2vec 2.0-Based Modules for Speech Emotion Recognition

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第10期77卷 1009-1030页

作者： Somin park Mpabulungi Mark Bogyung park Hyunki hong College of Software Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul06973Korea Department of AI Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul06973Korea

Speech emotion recognition is essential for frictionless human-machine interaction,where machines respond to human instructions with context-aware *** properties of individuals’voices vary with culture,language,gender,and *** variations in speaker-specific properties may hamper the performance of standard representations in downstream tasks such as speech emotion recognition(SER).This study demonstrates the significance of speaker-specific speech characteristics and how considering them can be leveraged to improve the performance of SER *** the proposed approach,two wav2vec-based modules(a speaker-identification network and an emotion classification network)are trained with the Arcface *** speaker-identification network has a single attention block to encode an input audio waveform into a speaker-specific *** emotion classification network uses a wav2vec 2.0-backbone as well as four attention blocks to encode the same input audio waveform into an emotion *** two representations are then fused into a single vector representation containing emotion and speaker-specific *** results showed that the use of speaker-specific characteristics improves SER ***,combining these with an angular marginal loss such as the Arcface loss improves intra-class compactness while increasing inter-class separability,as demonstrated by the plots of t-distributed stochastic neighbor embeddings(t-SNE).The proposed approach outperforms previous methods using similar training strategies,with a weighted accuracy(WA)of 72.14%and unweighted accuracy(UA)of 72.97%on the Interactive Emotional Dynamic Motion Capture(IEMOCAP)*** demonstrates its effectiveness and potential to enhance human-machine interaction through more accurate emotion recognition in speech.

关键词： Attention block IEMOCAP dataset speaker-specific representation speech emotion recognition wav2vec 2.0

Wetting Layer Effect on Optical Gain of Strained CdTe/ZnTe Pyramidal Quantum Dots

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第9期27卷 233-236页

作者： Seoung-Hwan park Woo-Pyo hong Department of Electronics Engineering Catholic University of Daegu Hayang Kyeongbuk 712-702 Korea

The optical properties of strained CdTe/ZnTe pyramidal quantum dots （QDs） are investigated as a function of the wetting layer thickness using an eight-band strain-dependent k.p Hamiltonian. The ground-state subband energies in the conduction and valence bands rapidly decreases with the increasing wetting layer thickness. This is attributed to the reduction of subband energies in both the conduction and the valence bands due to the strain effect. The optical gain peak on the shorter wavelength side decreases with the increasing wetting layer thickness. On the other hand, the gain peak on the longer wavelength side is nearly independent of the wetting layer thickness. The decrease in the gain peak on the shorter wavelength side is related to the decrease in matrix elements corresponding to transitions between higher subbands such as （3, 4） and （4, 3）.

关键词： Thickness Layering Energy Sides

Aging Analysis Framework of Windows-Based Systems through Differential-Analysis of System Snapshots

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 5091-5102页

作者： Eun-Tae Jang Sung Hoon Baek ki-Woong park SysCore Lab Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Computer System Engineering Jungwon UniversityChungcheongbuk-do28024Korea

When aWindows-based system is used for an exceedingly long time,its performance degrades,and the error occurrence rate tends to *** is generally called system *** investigate the reasons for system aging,various studies have been conducted within the range of the operating system kernel to the user ***,finding an accurate reason for system performance degradation remains challenging research *** this study,system monitoring was conducted by dividing a system into‘before software installation,’‘after software installation,’and‘after software removal.’We confirmed that when a software installed in a system is removed,various system elements,such as storage and memory,are not restored to the level prior to the software ***,we established a hypothesis regarding the performance degradation of a computer system owing to repeated software installation/removal operations,investigated the correlation between system aging and repeated software installation/removal operations,and proposed a system aging analysis framework for analyzing the reason behind system *** the proposed system aging analysis framework,we aim to forcibly age a Windows-based system by repeating the software installation/removal operation by utilizing the system forced aging *** framework identifies the elements affecting system performance through a differential data analysis of the system time-series data extracted by the system performance extraction and system component snapshot ***,the aging analysis framework presented in this study is expected to be effectively utilized as an index for studying system aging.

关键词： System aging virtual machine system analysis

Silver nanoislands on cellulose fibers for chromatographic separation and ultrasensitive detection of small molecules

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Light(Science & Applications) 2016年第1期5卷 796-802页

作者： Hyukjin Jung Moonseong park Minhee Kang ki-Hun Jeong Department of Bio and Brain Engineering KAIST Institute for Optical Science and TechnologyKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology291 Daehak-roYuseong-guDaejeon 305-701Korea

High-throughput small-molecule assays play essential roles in biomedical diagnosis,drug discovery,environmental analysis,and physiological function *** holds a great potential for the label-free detection of small molecules at extremely low ***,we report the development of nanoplasmonic paper(NP-paper)for the rapid separation and ultrasensitive detection of mixed small ***-paper employs nanogap-rich silver nanoislands on cellulose fibers,which were simply fabricated at the wafer level by using low-temperature solid-state dewetting of a thin silver *** nanoplasmonic detection allows for the scalable quantification and identification of small molecules over broad concentration ***,the combination of chromatographic separation and nanoplasmonic detection allows both the highly sensitive fluorescence detection of mixed small molecules at the attogram level and the label-free detection at the sub-nanogram level based on surface-enhanced Raman *** novel material provides a new diagnostic platform for the high-throughput,low-cost,and label-free screening of mixed small molecules as an alternative to conventional paper chromatography.

关键词： nanoplasmonics paper chromatography plasmon-enhanced spectroscopy silver nanoislands small-molecule assay