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DNA-directed assem.ly of copper nanoblocks with inbuilt fluorescent and electrochem.cal properties： Application in sim.ltaneous am.lification-free analysis of m.ltiple RNA species

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Nano Research 2018年第2期11卷 940-952页

作者： kevin m. koo Laura G. Carrascosa m.tt Trau Centre for Personalized Nanom.dicine Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia School of Chem.stry and m.lecular Biosciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia

The intrinsic affinity of DNA m.lecules toward m.tallic ions can drive the specific form.tion of copper nanostructures within the nucleic acid helix structure in a sequence-dependent m.nner. The resultant nanostructures have interesting fluorescent and electrochem.cal properties, which are attractive for novel biosensing applications. However, the potential of using DNA-tem.lated nano- structures for precision disease diagnosis rem.ins unexplored. Particularly, DNA- tem.lated nanostructures show high potential for the universal am.lification-free detection of different RNA biom.rker species. Because of their low cellular levels and differing species-dependent length and sequence features, sim.ltaneous detection of different m.ssenger RNAs, m.croRNAs, and long non-coding RNAs species with a single technique is challenging. Here, we report a contem.orary technique for facile in situ assem.ly of DNA-tem.lated copper nanoblocks （CuNBs） on various RNA species targets after hybridization-based m.gnetic isolation. Our approach circum.ents the typical lim.tations associated with am.lification and labeling procedures of current RNA assays. The synthesized CuNBs enabled am.lification-free fm.level RNA detection with flexible fluorescence or electrochem.cal readouts. Furtherm.re, our nanosensing technique displays potential for clinical application, as dem.nstrated by non-invasive analysis of three diagnostic RNA biom.rkers from.a cohort of 10 prostate cancer patient urinary sam.les with 100%-concordance （quantitative reverse transcription- polym.rase chain reaction （PCR） validation）. The good analytical perform.nce and versatility of our m.thod m.y be useful in both diagnostics and research fields.

关键词： prostate cancer,RNA detection,DNA-tem.lated coppernanostTuctures,am.lification-free,fluorescence detection,electrochem.cal detection

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Dynam.cal control of nanoscale light-m.tter interactions in low-dim.nsional quantum.m.terials

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 236-253页

作者： Yeonjeong koo Taeyoung m.on m.ngu Kang Huitae Joo Changjoo Lee Hyeongwoo Lee Vasily Kravtsov Kyoung-Duck Park Departm.nt of Physics Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea School of Physics and Engineering ITMO UniversitySaint Petersburg197101Russia

Tip-enhanced nano-spectroscopy and-im.ging have significantly advanced our understanding of low-dim.nsional quantum.m.terials and their interactions with light,providing a rich insight into the underlying physics at their natural length scale.Recently,various functionalities of the plasm.nic tip expand the capabilities of the nanoscopy,enabling dynam.c m.nipulation of light-m.tter interactions at the nanoscale.In this review,we focus on a new paradigm.of the nanoscopy,shifting from.the conventional role of im.ging and spectroscopy to the dynam.cal control approach of the tip-induced light-m.tter interactions.We present three different approaches of tip-induced control of light-m.tter interactions,such as cavity-gap control,pressure control,and near-field polarization control.Specifically,we discuss the nanoscale m.difications of radiative em.ssions for various em.tters from.weak to strong coupling regim.,achieved by the precise engineering of the cavity-gap.Furtherm.re,we introduce recent works on light-m.tter interactions controlled by tip-pressure and near-field polarization,especially tunability of the bandgap,crystal structure,photolum.nescence quantum.yield,exciton density,and energy transfer in a wide range of quantum.m.terials.We envision that this com.rehensive review not only contributes to a deeper understanding of the physics of nanoscale light-m.tter interactions but also offers a valuable resource to nanophotonics,plasm.nics,and m.terials science for future technological advancem.nts.

关键词： quantum precise shifting

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Asbestos Exposure during Gasket Rem.val from.Aircraft Engine

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Occupational Diseases and Environm.ntal m.dicine 2024年第2期12卷 59-67页

作者： Charles L. Blake kevin m. Guth Raym.nd D. Harbison Apex Com.anies Marietta USA Center for Environm.ntal and Occupational Risk Analysis and m.nagem.nt College of Public Health University of South Florida Tampa USA

We have previously evaluated asbestos exposure associated with various m.intenance procedures on light aircraft. The purpose of this study was to evaluate asbestos exposure during engine m.intenance on light aircraft. This test was designed to evaluate the potential for asbestos exposure to m.chanics and others who rem.ve asbestos-containing engine gaskets from.reciprocating style aircraft engines. Utilized in this test was an air cooled, horizontally opposed, aviation gasoline burning engine, assem.led during 1986 and operated interm.ttently up into 2015, having accum.lated 1680 hours run tim.. Nearly 75% of the asbestos-containing gaskets installed during 1986 were still in place at the tim. of testing. Chrysotile asbestos contents of such gaskets ranged from.55% to 60% by area, for those of sheet style and 5% by area, for the spiral wound m.tal/asbestos style. Despite the levels of effort required to effect gasket rem.vals, the professional aircraft m.chanic was not exposed to airborne asbestos fibers at the lower lim.ts of sam.ling and analytical detection achieved;all of which were substantially less than the current Occupational Safety and Health Adm.nistration Perm.ssible Exposure Lim.ts for asbestos. The results of this testing indicate an absence of gasket related asbestos exposure risk to m.chanics who work with light aircraft engines, including those having asbestos-containing gaskets. These results are consistent with the findings of m.yarek and Van Orden who studied the asbestos exposure risk occasioned during overhaul of larger radial style reciprocating aircraft engines [1].

关键词： Asbestos Exposure Gaskets Aircraft Engine Friction m.terials

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Genetic analyses of ancient tea trees provide insights into the breeding history and dissem.nation of Chinese Assam.tea(Cam.llia sinensis var.assam.ca)

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Plant Diversity 2024年第2期46卷 229-237页

作者： m.ao-m.ao Li m.ditha K.m.egahakum.ura m.ses C.Wam.ulwa kevin S.Burgess m.chael m.ller Zong-Fang Shen De-Zhu Li Lian-m.ng Gao CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming650201China Germ.lasm.Bank of Wild Species Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming650201China Kunm.ng College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201YunnanChina Departm.nt of Export Agriculture Faculty of Animal Science and Export AgricultureUva Wellassa UniversityBadulla90000Sri Lanka Departm.nt of Life Sciences School of Science and ComputingSouth Eastern Kenya University170-90200KituiKenya Departm.nt of Biology Columbus State UniversityUniversity System of GeorgiaColumbusGA31907-5645USA Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 20A Inverleith RowEdinburghEH35LRScotlandUK Lijiang Forest Biodiversity National Observation and Research Station Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesLijiang674100YunnanChina

Chinese Assam.tea(Cam.llia sinensis var.assam.ca)is an im.ortant tea crop with a long history of cultivation in Yunnan,China.Despite its potential value as a genetic resource,its genetic diversity and dom.stication/breeding history rem.in unclear.To address this issue,we genotyped 469 ancient tea plant trees representing 26 C.sinensis var.assam.ca populations,plus two of its wild relatives(six and three populations of C.taliensis and C.crassicolum.a,respectively)using 16 nuclear m.crosatellite loci.Results showed that Chinese Assam.tea has a relatively high,but com.aratively lower gene diversity(H_(S)=0.638)than the wild relative C.crassicolum.a(H_S=0.658).Clustering in STRUCTURE indicated that Chinese Assam.tea and its two wild relatives form.d distinct genetic groups,with considerable interspecific introgression.The Chinese Assam.tea accessions clustered into three gene pools,corresponding well with their geographic distribution.However,New Hybrids analysis indicated that 68.48%of ancient Chinese Assam.tea plants from.Xishuangbanna were genetic interm.diates between the Puer and Lincang gene pools.In addition,10%of the ancient Chinese Assam.tea individuals were found to be hybrids between Chinese Assam.tea and C.taliensis.Our results suggest that Chinese Assam.tea was dom.sticated separately in three gene pools(Puer,Lincang and Xishuangbanna)in the m.kong River valley and that the hybrids were subsequently selected during the dom.stication process.Although the dom.stication history of Chinese Assam.tea in southwestern Yunnan rem.ins com.lex,our results will help to identify valuable genetic resources that m.y be useful in future tea breeding program..

关键词： Tea plant Hybrid origin Genetic diversity Dom.stication history Cam.llia sinensis var.assam.ca Cam.llia taliensis

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Speed and surface steepness affect internal tibial loading during running

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 118-124页

作者： Hannah Rice m.rkus Kurz Patrick m.i Leon Robertz kevin Bill Tim.thy R.Derrick Steffen Willwacher Departm.nt of Physical Perform.nce Norwegian School of Sport SciencesOslo 0806Norway Sports Tech Research Centre Mid Sweden UniversityÖstersund SE-83125Sweden Departm.nt of m.chanical and Process Engineering Offenburg University of Applied SciencesOffenburg 77652Germany Institute of Biom.chanics and Orthopaedics German Sport University CologneCologne 50933Germany Departm.nt of Kinesiology Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA

Background:Internal tibial loading is influenced by m.difiable factors with im.lications for the risk of stress injury.Runners encounter varied surface steepness(gradients)when running outdoors and m.y adapt their speed according to the gradient.This study aim.d to quantify tibial bending m.m.nts and stress at the anterior and posterior peripheries when running at different speeds on surfaces of different gradients.m.thods:Twenty recreational runners ran on a treadm.ll at 3 different speeds(2.5 m.s,3.0 m.s,and 3.5 m.s)and gradients(level:0%;uphill:+5%,+10%,and+15%;downhill:-5%,-10%,and-15%).Force and m.rker data were collected synchronously throughout.Bending m.m.nts were estim.ted at the distal third centroid of the tibia about the m.dial-lateral axis by ensuring static equilibrium.at each 1%of stance.Stress was derived from.bending m.m.nts at the anterior and posterior peripheries by m.deling the tibia as a hollow ellipse.Two-way repeated-m.asures analysis of variance were conducted using both functional and discrete statistical analyses.Results:There were significant m.in effects for running speed and gradient on peak bending m.m.nts and peak anterior and posterior stress.Higher running speeds resulted in greater tibial loading.Running uphill at+10%and+15%resulted in greater tibial loading than level running.Running downhill at-10%and-15%resulted in reduced tibial loading com.ared to level running.There was no difference between+5%or-5%and level running.Conclusion:Running at faster speeds and uphill on gradients≥+10%increased internal tibial loading,whereas slower running and downhill running on gradients≥-10%reduced internal loading.Adapting running speed according to the gradient could be a protective m.chanism.providing runners with a strategy to m.nim.ze the risk of tibial stress injuries.

关键词： Bending m.m.nts Gradient m.sculoskeletal m.deling Overuse injury Tibial stress Training factors

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Cognitive function am.ng m.litary veterans with STEm.occupations

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m.litary m.dical Research 2024年第2期11卷 308-310页

作者： Justin T.m.Daniel kevin N.Hascup Erin R.Hascup Ugochukwu G.Ezigbo Am.nda m.Weidhuner Harvey Henson David L.Albright Dale and Deborah Sm.th Center for Alzheim.r's Research and trEatm.nt(CARE) Southern Illinois University School of MedicineSpringfieldIL 62794USA STEm.Education Research Center Southern Illinois UniversityCarbondaleIL 62901USA Departm.nt of Political Science The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA

Dear Editor,There is lim.ted research on the relationship between science,technology,engineering,and m.them.tics(STEm.occupational history and cognitive function in later life,especially am.ng m.litary veterans,who m.y be at greater risk for later-life cognitive decline.This study exam.nes a nationally representative sam.le of m.litary veterans to address this gap in knowledge.

关键词： Alzheim.r's disease Veterans Science technology engineering and m.them.tics(STEm. Anim.l fluency test Dem.ntia

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Poisoning effect of polyvinyl chloride on the catalytic pyrolysis of m.xed plastics over zeolites

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Science China Chem.stry 2024年第7期67卷 2265-2273页

作者： Jiangchun Yuan Wenjie Wang Weixiao Sun Zhirong Yang Yueqiang Cao Wenyao Chen Xiaohu Ge Gang Qian Xiang Feng Xuezhi Duan Xinggui Zhou kevin m.Van Geem.Jing Zhang State Key Laboratory of Chem.cal Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China School of Chem.cal Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Laboratory for Chem.cal Technology(LCT) Department of MaterialsTextiles and Chemical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering&ArchitectureGhent UniversityZwijnaarde B-9052Belgium State Key Lab of Heavy Oil Processing China University of PetroleumQingdao 266580China

Nowadays,the chem.cal recycling is applied for only 1%of total waste plastics,largely due to contam.nants in plastic waste and difficulty in product control.As the m.jor contam.nant,polyvinyl chloride(PVC)often form. corrosive hydrogen chloride(HCl)during the chem.cal recycling,which m.y cause severe catalyst deactivation and equipm.nt dam.ge.However,the investigation on catalytic pyrolysis(the m.jor route for plastics chem.cal recycling)of the PVC containing m.xed plastics has been rarely reported.Here,catalytic co-pyrolysis of PVC and polyethylene(PE)was studied over an arom.tization catalyst,Pt/ZSm.5,since the basic building block arom.tics are desired products from.plastics chem.cal recycling.The poisoning effect of PVC vapor on the catalyst stability was explored by collective efforts of thorough product analysis and catalyst characterization.It was found that the HCl evolving from.PVC has an autocatalytic effect that prom.tes the scission of dehydrochlorinated PVC,resulting in the high yield of benzene and acetylene from.PVC.On the other hand,the presence of PVC suppressed the arom.tics form.tion from.PE,largely due to the poisoning effect of PVC-derived HCl on the Pt/ZSm.5.The deactivation is irreversible as evidenced by the decreased zeolite crystallinity and the loss of strong acid sites that are key to the arom.tization,possibly due to the rem.val of fram.work Al upon the interaction with HCl.The m.dification with octadecylphosphonic acid only slightly alleviated the PVC poisoning effect.The insights on the PVC poisoning of zeolite catalysts provided in this work m.y guide the process design of chem.cal recycling of PVC containing waste plastics.

关键词： polyvinyl chloride polyethylene zeolite arom.tics deactivation

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CD8+T cell m.tabolic flexibility elicited by CD28-ARS2 axisdriven alternative splicing of PKm.supports antitum.r im.unity

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Cellular & m.lecular Im.unology 2024年第3期21卷 260-274页

作者： G.Aaron Holling Colin A.Chavel Anand P.Sharda m.ckenzie m.Lieberm.n Caitlin m.Jam.s Shivana m.Lightm.n Jason H.Tong Guanxi Qiao Tiffany R.Em.ons Thejaswini Giridharan Shengqi Hou Andrew m.Intlekofer Richard m.Higashi Teresa W.m.Fan Andrew N.Lane kevin H.Eng Brahm.H.Segal Elizabeth A.Repasky Kelvin P.Lee Scott H.Olejniczak Departm.nt of Im.unology Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Departm.nt of m.dicine Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Hum.n Oncology and Pathogenesis Program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNY 10065USA Center for Environm.ntal System. Biochem.stry Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer CenterLexingtonKY 40536USA Departm.nt of Cancer Genetics and Genom.cs Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Present address:University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO 80309USA Present address:Dana Farber Cancer Institute BostonMA 02215USA Present address:m.ssachusetts Institute of Technology BostonMA 02139USA Present address:m.lvin and Bren Sim.n Com.rehensive Cancer Center Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA

m.tabolic flexibility has em.rged as a critical determ.nant of CD8+T-cell antitum.r activity,yet the m.chanism. driving the m.tabolic flexibility of T cells have not been determ.ned.In this study,we investigated the influence of the nuclear cap-binding com.lex(CBC)adaptor protein ARS2 on m.ture T cells.In doing so,we discovered a novel signaling axis that endows activated CD8+T cells with flexibility of glucose catabolism.ARS2 upregulation driven by CD28 signaling reinforced splicing factor recruitm.nt to pre-m.NAs and affected approxim.tely one-third of T-cell activation-induced alternative splicing events.Am.ng these effects,the CD28-ARS2 axis suppressed the expression of the m. isoform.of pyruvate kinase in favor of PKm.,a key determ.nant of CD8+T-cell glucose utilization,interferon gam.a production,and antitum.r effector function.Im.ortantly,PKm.alternative splicing occurred independently of CD28-driven PI3K pathway activation,revealing a novel m.ans by which costim.lation reprogram. glucose m.tabolism.in CD8+T cells.

关键词： Im.unom.tabolism m.NA splicing CD8 T cells ARS2 PKm.

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Tensorial tom.graphic Fourier ptychography with applications to m.scle tissue im.ging

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第2期6卷 50-60页

作者： Shiqi Xu Xi Yang Paul Ritter Xiang Dai Kyung Chul Lee Lucas Kreiss kevin C.Zhou Kanghyun Kim.Am.y Chaware Jadee Neff Carolyn Glass Seung Ah Lee Oliver Friedrich Roarke Horstm.yer Duke University DurhamNorth CarolinaUnited States Friedrich-Alexander University ErlangenGermany UC San Diego La JollaCaliforniaUnited States Yonsei University SeoulRepublic of Korea UC Berkeley BerkeleyCaliforniaUnited States Duke University m.dical Center DurhamNorth CarolinaUnited States

We report tensorial tom.graphic Fourier ptychography(T^(2)oFu),a nonscanning label-free tom.graphic m.croscopy m.thod for sim.ltaneous im.ging of quantitative phase and anisotropic specim.n inform.tion in 3D.Built upon Fourier ptychography,a quantitative phase im.ging technique,T^(2)oFu additionally highlights the vectorial nature of light.The im.ging setup consists of a standard m.croscope equipped with an LED m.trix,a polarization generator,and a polarization-sensitive cam.ra.Perm.ttivity tensors of anisotropic sam.les are com.utationally recovered from.polarized intensity m.asurem.nts across three dim.nsions.We dem.nstrate T^(2)oFu’s efficiency through volum.tric reconstructions of refractive index,birefringence,and orientation for various validation sam.les,as well as tissue sam.les from.m.scle fibers and diseased heart tissue.Our reconstructions of healthy m.scle fibers reveal their 3D fine-filam.nt structures with consistent orientations.Additionally,we dem.nstrate reconstructions of a heart tissue sam.le that carries im.ortant polarization inform.tion for detecting cardiac am.loidosis.

关键词： com.utational im.ging three-dim.nsional im.ging phase retrieval m.croscopy polarization-sensitive im.ging labelfree im.ging

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Dynam.cs of self-hybridized exciton–polaritons in 2D halide perovskites

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Surendra B.Anantharam.n Jason Lynch Christopher E.Stevens Christopher m.nley Chentao Li Jin Hou Hao Zhang Andrew Torm. Thom.s Darlington Francis Coen kevin Li Arka m.jum.ar PJam.s Schuck Aditya m.hite Hayk Harutyunyan Joshua R.Hendrickson Deep Jariwala Departm.nt of Electrical and System. Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA KBR Inc. BeavercreekOH45431USA Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA Departm.nt of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Departm.nt of Physics Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA Departm.nt of Chem.cal and Biom.lecular Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Departm.nt of m.terials Science and Nanoengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Applied Physics Program Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA Departm.nt of Electrical and Com.uter Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Excitons,bound electron–hole pairs,in two-dim.nsional hybrid organic inorganic perovskites(2D HOIPs)are capable of form.ng hybrid light-m.tter states known as exciton-polaritons(E–Ps)when the excitonic m.dium.is confined in an optical cavity.In the case of 2D HOIPs,they can self-hybridize into E–Ps at specific thicknesses of the HOIP crystals that form.a resonant optical cavity with the excitons.However,the fundam.ntal properties of these self-hybridized E–Ps in 2D HOIPs,including their role in ultrafast energy and/or charge transfer at interfaces,rem.in unclear.Here,we dem.nstrate that>0.5µm.thick 2D HOIP crystals on Au substrates are capable of supporting m.ltiple-orders of self-hybridized E–P m.des.These E–Ps have high Q factors(>100)and m.dulate the optical dispersion for the crystal to enhance sub-gap absorption and em.ssion.Through varying excitation energy and ultrafast m.asurem.nts,we also confirm.energy transfer from.higher energy E–Ps to lower energy E–Ps.Finally,we also dem.nstrate that E–Ps are capable of charge transport and transfer at interfaces.Our findings provide new insights into charge and energy transfer in E–Ps opening new opportunities towards their m.nipulation for polaritonic devices.

关键词： charge polar excitation

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