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World journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第3期13卷 137-140页

作者： kevan j english Department of Medicine-Pediatrics St.George's University School of MedicineSaint George's 33334Saint GeorgeGrenada

This article extends on the use of transabdominal intestinal ultrasound in diagnosing pediatric inflammatory bowel *** of the more essential features used in assessing bowel inflammation,such as hyperemia and wall thickness on ultrasound,are expanded upon from the publication on imaging and endoscopic tools in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Intestinal ultrasound Limberg score Hyperemia Bowel wall thickness

Anal carcinoma-exploring the epidemiology,risk factors,pathophysiology,diagnosis,and treatment

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World journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期14卷 20-38页

作者： kevan j english Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology&HepatologySaint George’s University School of MedicineSaint George 33334Saint GeorgeGrenada

Anal carcinoma is a relatively rare tumor that accounts for approximately 2%of gastrointestinal malignancies and less than 7%of anorectal *** anal tumors originate between the anorectal junction and the anal *** factors for the disease include human papillomavirus infection,human immunodeficiency virus,tobacco use,immunosuppression,female sex,and older *** pathogenesis of anal carcinoma is believed to be linked to human papillomavirusrelated inflammation,leading to dysplasia and progression to *** cell carcinoma is the most common type of anal tumor,with an annual incidence of approximately 1 to 2 per 100000 *** regarding anal cancer has emerged over ***,chemoradiation therapy remains the mainstay approach for early localized *** with metastatic disease are treated with systemic therapy,and salvage surgery is reserved for disease recurrence following *** article aims to provide background information on the epidemiology,risk factors,pathology,diagnosis,and current trends in the management of anal *** directions are briefly discussed.

关键词： Anal cancer Squamous cell carcinoma Chemoradiation therapy Human papillomavirus Immunosuppression

Hybrid versus global thermostatting in molecular-dynamics simulation of methane-hydrate crystallisation

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Chinese journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第9期27卷 2180-2188页

作者： Niall j.english Mohammad Reza Ghaani School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering University College Dublin

Molecular-dynamics(MD)simulations have been performed for the growth of a spherical methane-hydrate nano-crystallite,surrounded by a supersaturated water–methane liquid phase,using both a hybrid and globalsystem thermostatting *** was found that hybrid thermostatting led to more sluggish growth and the establishment of a radial temperature profile about the spherical hydrate crystallite,in which the growing crystal phase is at a higher temperature than the surrounding liquid phase in the interfacial region,owing to latent-heat *** addition,Onsager’s-hypothesis fluctuation–dissipation analysis of fluctuations in the number of crystal-state water molecules at the interface shows slower growth.

关键词： Molecular dynamics Clathrate hydrates Crystallisation Thermostatting Radial temperature profile Fluctuation–dissipation

Magnetic ferrite/carbonized cotton fiber composites for improving electromagnetic absorption properties at gigahertz frequencies

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第27期86卷 127-138页

作者： Sateesh Bandaru Narashima Murthy Ravindra Kulkarni Niall j.english School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland Scinva Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals Pvt Ltd Kumbalagodu Industrial AreaBangaloreIndia BVDU’s Poona College of Pharmacy ErandawanePuneIndia

Ferrite/carbon composited materials,especially the bio-derived composited materials possessing both environmental friendliness and outstanding microwave absorption performance,attract numerous attentions for solving the"electromagnetic problem"in the Gigahertz frequency *** this work,we demonstrate a bio-derived ferrite/carbon material by compositing functional carbonized cotton fibers(CCFs)and Fe_(3)O_(4)nanoparticles with optimized microwave-absorption *** adjusting the carbonization conditions systematically,the Fe_(3)O_(4)loading contents and the microwave absorption properties can be varied simultaneously-and,indeed,optimized and *** CCFs-Fe_(3)O_(4)composites exhibited a minimum reflection-loss capacity RL(d B)of-56.8 d B at 10.9 GHz with a thickness of 1.67 mm,and its effective absorption bandwidth(RL(d B)<-20 d B)was found to broaden to 7.1 *** characterizations,coupled with microstructure analyses,revealed that the enhancement in microwave absorption was triggered by the different microstructures of CCFs-Fe_(3)O_(4)composites-attributable to the different carbonization *** different conditions result in different amounts of Fe_(3)O_(4)attachment sites and lead to the enhancement of dielectric polarization at localized *** present work of bio-derived ferrite/carbon materials has important implications in understanding structure-performance relationships in dielectric-magnetic materials,and,meanwhile,could well be extended to a microwave-absorber design approach.

关键词： Electromagnetic absorption Bio-derived material Dielectric-magnetic composite Interfacial polarization

Surface Modification Aspects for Improving Biomedical Properties in Implants:A Review

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(english Letters) 2024年第2期37卷 213-241页

作者： j.Sharath Kumar Rakesh Kumar Rajeev Verma Industrial and Production Department Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology JalandharJalandharPunjab144008India

The primary focus during surgery is to ensure successful implantation by achieving long-term and stable fixation of *** surgery is now more focused on the development of novel biomaterials intended to improve implant *** obtain a better understanding of metal implants,this article investigated the causes of material failures in certain cases and analysed a few case *** interaction between the implant and bone tissue was a crucial aspect of successful implantation,and this study explored the factors influencing this interaction as well as ways to improve *** modern approaches used for modifying implant surfaces were systematically illustrated and briefly *** spray coatings were often favoured because of their wide range of coating materials,but other substantial surface modifications(such as friction stir processing and laser surface texturing)were also used for a selection of ***,implant surfaces with desirable features,such as biocompatibility,antibacterial properties,corrosion resistance,and wear resistance,were essential for optimising implant *** systematic review's main aim is to provide exhaustive reference information and a broad overview to advance the production and design of orthopaedic implants.

关键词： Biomaterials Surface treatments Thermal spray coatings Antibacterial Biocompatibility Corrosion resistance Wear resistance

Generalized polynomial chaos expansion by reanalysis using static condensation based on substructuring

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(english Edition) 2024年第5期45卷 819-836页

作者： D.LEE S.CHANG j.LEE Department of Automotive Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea School of Mechanical Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Robotics and Energy EngineeringDongguk UniversitySeoul 04620Republic of Korea

This paper presents a new computational method for forward uncertainty quantification(UQ)analyses on large-scale structural systems in the presence of arbitrary and dependent random *** method consists of a generalized polynomial chaos expansion(GPCE)for statistical moment and reliability analyses associated with the stochastic output and a static reanalysis method to generate the input-output data *** the reanalysis,we employ substructuring for a structure to isolate its local regions that vary due to random *** allows for avoiding repeated computations of invariant substructures while generating the input-output data *** substructuring with static condensation further improves the computational efficiency of the reanalysis without losing ***,the GPCE with the static reanalysis method can achieve significant computational saving,thus mitigating the curse of dimensionality to some degree for UQ under high-dimensional *** numerical results obtained from a simple structure indicate that the proposed method for UQ produces accurate solutions more efficiently than the GPCE using full finite element analyses(FEAs).We also demonstrate the efficiency and scalability of the proposed method by executing UQ for a large-scale wing-box structure under ten-dimensional(all-dependent)random inputs.

关键词： forward uncertainty quantification(UQ) generalized polynomial chaos expansion(GPCE) static reanalysis method static condensation substructuring

Frequency-dependent viscoelasticity effects on the wave attenuation performance of multi-layered periodic foundations

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(english Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 407-424页

作者： M.SAFI M.VAKILIFARD M.j.MAHMOODI Faculty of Civil Water&Environmental EngineeringShahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran Faculty of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran

In this paper,layered periodic foundations(LPFs)are numerically examined for their responses to longitudinal and transverse modes in the time and frequency *** different unit-cells,i.e.,2-layer,4-layer,and 6-layer unit-cells,comprising concrete/rubber,concrete/rubber/steel/rubber,and concrete/rubber/steel/rubber/lead/rubber materials,respectively,are taken into ***,the viscoelasticity behavior of the rubber is modeled with two factors,i.e.,a frequency-independent(FI)loss factor and a linear frequency-dependent(FD)loss *** the extraction of the complex dispersion curves and the identification of the band gaps(BGs),the simulations of wave transmission in the time and frequency domains are performed using the COMSOL *** parametric studies evaluate the effects of the rubber viscoelasticity models on the dispersion curves and the wave transmission for the longitudinal and transverse *** results show that considering the rubber viscoelasticity enhances the wave attenuation ***,the transverse-mode damping is more sensitive to the viscoelasticity model than its longitudinal *** 6-layer unit-cell LPF exhibits the lowest BG,ranging from 4.8 Hz to 6.5 Hz.

关键词： layered metamaterial periodic foundation complex dispersion curve wave transmission diagram

Lattice Boltzmann method formulation for simulation of thermal radiation effects on non-Newtonian Al_(2)O_(3) free convection in entropy determination

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(english Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 1085-1106页

作者： M.NEMATI M.SEFID A.KARIMIPOUR A.j.CHAMKHA Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Yazd UniversityYazd ***Iran Department of Mechanical Engineering Najafabad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityNajafabad ***Iran Faculty of Engineering Kuwait College of Science and TechnologyDoha 35004Kuwait

The simultaneous investigation on the parameters affecting the flow of electrically conductive fluids such as volumetric radiation,heat absorption,heat generation,and magnetic field(MF)is very vital due to its existence in various sectors of industry and *** present research focuses on mathematical modeling to simulate the cooling of a hot component through power-law(PL)nanofluid convection *** temperature reduction of the hot component inside a two-dimensional(2D)inclined chamber with two different cold wall shapes is *** formulation of the problem is derived with the lattice Boltzmann method(LBM)by code writing via the FORTRAN *** variables such as the radiation parameter(0–1),the Hartmann number(0–75),the heat absorption/generation coefficient(−5–5),the fluid behavioral index(0.8–1.2),the Rayleigh number(103–105),the imposed MF angle(0°–90°),the chamber inclination angle(−90°–90°),and the cavity cold wall shape(smooth and curved)are *** findings indicate that the presence of radiation increases the mean Nusselt number value for the shear-thickening,Newtonian,and shear thinning fluids by about 6.2%,4%,and 2%,*** most cases,the presence of nanoparticles improves the heat transfer(HT)rate,especially in the cases where thermal conduction dominates *** is the lowest cooling performance index and MF effect for the cavity placed at an angle of 90°.The application in the design of electronic coolers and solar collectors is one of the practical cases of this numerical research.

关键词： thermal performance analysis heat absorption/generation power-law(PL)Al_(2)O_(3)nanofluid magnetohydrodynamics natural convection volumetric radiation inclined cavity

On the analytical solution of transient friction in channel flows

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(english Edition) 2024年第8期45卷 1447-1466页

作者： F.j.GARCíA-GARCíA P.FARINAS-ALVARINO Department of Naval&Industrial Engineering Polytechnic School of EngineeringUniversity of A CorunaCampus Industrial de FerrolFerrol 15403A CorunaSpain Integraciones Técnicas de Seguridad S.A.Pol.Ind.Espiritu SantoC/Nobel15Cambre 15650A CorunaSpain

The transient friction in channel mean flows is the sum of two contributions,i.e.,the underlying laminar flow(ULF)and the purely turbulent component(PTC),and the contributions are analyzed separately by theoretical *** is found that,the transient friction may be higher or remarkably lower than that in equal-Reynolds number steady-state *** universal time constant for plane-parallel laminar flows is reported,and the role of the time constant in a turbulent mean flow is *** is shown that the time constant is related to the turbulence's frozen ***,a study of the logarithmic layer during the transient flow is accomplished,which shows that the logarithmic layer is destroyed.

关键词： transient friction transient flow unsteady channel flow

Characterization of colonic dendritic cells in normal and colitic mice

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第40期11卷 6338-6347页

作者： Sheena M Cruickshank Nicholas R english Peter j Felsburg Simon R Carding Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology Antigen Presentation Research Group Department of Clinical Science

AIM： Recent studies demonstrating the direct involvement of dendritic cells （DC） in the activation of pathogenic T cells in animal models of inflammatory bowel disease identify DC as important antigen presenting cells in the colon. However, very little is known about the properties of colonic DC. METHODS： Using immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and flow cytometry we have characterized and compared colonic DC in the colon of healthy animals and interleukin-2-deficient （IL2-/-） mice that develop colitis. RESULTS： In the healthy colon, DC resided within the lamina propria and in close association with the basement membrane of colonic villi. Type i myeloid （CD11c^＋, CD11b^＋, B220, CD8） DC made up the largest （40-45%） population and all DC expressed low levels of CD80, CD86, and CD40, and had high endooltic activity consistent with an immature phenotype. In colitic IL2-/- mice, colonic DC numbers increased four- to five-fold and were localized within the epithelial layer and within aggregates of T and B cells. They were also many more DC in mesenteric lymph nodes （MLN）. The majority （〉85%） of DC in the colon and MLN of IL2./ mice were type 1 myeloid, and expressed high levels of MHC class II, CD80, CD86, CD40, DEC 205, and CCR5 molecules and were of low endocytic activity consistent with mature DC. CONCLUSION： These findings demonstrate striking changes in the number, distribution and phenotype of DC in the inflamed colon. Their intimate association with lymphocytes in the colon and draining lymph nodes suggest that they may contribute directly to the ongoing inflammation in the colon.

关键词： Colonic dendritic cells Interleukin 2 Colitis