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World j.urnal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2014年第8期6卷 301-310页

作者： William j.Salyers kenneth j.Vega j.an Carlos Munoz Bruce W Trotman Silvio S Tanev Division of Gastroenterology University of Florida College of Medicine/Jacksonville Jacksonville FL 32207 United States Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City OK 73104 United States Department of Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21201 United States Department of Pathology Manatee Memorial Hospital Bradenton FL 34208 United States

Neuroendocrine tumors(NET)previously called carcinoid tumors are neoplasms of enterochromaffin/neuroendocrine cell origin which display neurosecretory capacity that may result in the carcinoid *** annual incidence of patients with NET is 8.4 per 100000;yet many NET remain asymptomatic and clinically undetected.A maj.rity of NET follows a benign course;however,some will display malignant *** most commonly occur in the gastrointestinal tract(67%)and bronchopulmonary system(25%).Gastrointestinal NET occur within the stomach,small intestine,liver,and *** report a retrospective study of 11 subj.cts:Eight with benign carcinoid tumors:duodenal bulb(n=2),terminal ileum(n=1),sigmoid colon(n=2),and rectum(n=3);three with malignant carcinoid:liver(n=1)and intra-abdominal site(n=2).The diagnosis,endoscopic images,outcome,treatment and review of the literature are presented.

关键词： Neuroendocrine Carcinoid Gastrointestinal Tumors

The clip cage conundrum: Assessing the interplay of confinement method and aphid genotype in fitness studies

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Insect Science 2024年第5期31卷 1591-1602页

作者： Laura Marcela Martinez-Chavez j.e M.Roberts Alison j.Karley Bethan shaw Tom W.Pope Centre for Crop and Environmental Science Agriculture and Environment DepartmentHarper Adams UniversityNewportShropshireUK Ecological Sciences The James Hutton InstituteInvergowrieDundeeUK Pest and Pathogen Ecology NIABEast MallingKentUK

Behavior and fitness are important ecological traits frequently measured in insect bioassays.A common method to measure them in soft-bodied herbivorous insects involves confining individuals to plant leaves using clip *** studies have pre-viously highlighted the negative effects of clip cages on leaf physiology,little is known about the impact that using this confinement method has on insect *** responses of different aphid genotypes/clones to different containment methods have not previously been *** we measured key fitness traits(intrinsic rate of natural increase,mean relative growth rate,time to reach reproductive adulthood and population doubling time)in the potato aphid,Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas(Hemiptera:Aphididae),when confined to plants using two methods:(1)clip cages to confine aphids to individual strawberry leaves and(2)a mesh bag to confine aphids to whole strawberry *** study identified a strong negative impact on all the measured aphid fitness traits when using clip cages instead of mesh *** also identified genotype-specific differences in response to confinement method,where clip cage confinement differentially affected the fitness of a given aphid genotype compared to the same genotype on whole *** results suggest that clip cage use should be carefully considered when experiments seek to quantify insect fitness and that whole plants should be used wherever *** the prevalence of clip cage use in insect bioassays,our results highlight the need for cau-tion when interpreting the existing literature as confinement method significantly impacts aphid fitness depending on their genotype.

关键词： aphid clonal variation aphid fitness clip cages confinement method feed-ing site insect bioassays

社会建构论心理学及其发展：对话科尼斯·格根

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教育研究与实验 2012年第4期 77-83页

作者：杨莉萍 kenneth j. Gergen 南京师范大学心理学院 210097 Swarthmore College USAPA 19081USA

社会建构论作为一种知识的元理论,同经验主义一样,是有关知识的一切主张之理论,同时也是一种实践着的理论。作为一种新的研究范式,社会建构论打开了通往多种理解、多元价值和多样化生活的大门。传统的实证主义研究方法和实践可以被社会... 详细信息

社会建构论作为一种知识的元理论,同经验主义一样,是有关知识的一切主张之理论,同时也是一种实践着的理论。作为一种新的研究范式,社会建构论打开了通往多种理解、多元价值和多样化生活的大门。传统的实证主义研究方法和实践可以被社会建构论范式整合。许多新的研究方式,如叙事研究、行动研究、话语研究等,得到社会建构论强有力的方法论支持。社会建构论赋予人一种批判意识,要求澄清某种特定的社会建构的实践意义,并关注对美好未来的创造。对于社会建构论是"反实在论"或"相对主义"的批评大多出于某些误解。

关键词：社会建构论科尼斯·格根

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Surface-bound myeloperoxidase is a ligand for recognition of late apoptotic neutrophils by human lung surfactant proteins A and D

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Protein & Cell 2010年第6期1卷 563-572页

作者： Anne j.kel Howard Clark kenneth B.M.Reid Robert B.Sim Department of Pharmacology University of OxfordMansfield RoadOxford OX13QTUK University of Southampton School of MedicineDivision of Infection Inflammation&ImmunitySouthampton General HospitalSouthampton SO166YDUK MRC Immunochemistry Unit Department of BiochemistryUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxford OX13QUUK

Surfactant proteins A(SP-A)and D(SP-D),both members of the collectin family,play a well established role in apoptotic cell recognition and *** in vitro data show that SP-A and SP-D interact with apoptotic neutrophils in a distinct ***-A and SP-D bind in a Ca^(2+)-dependent manner to viable and early apoptotic neutrophils whereas the much greater interaction with late apoptotic neutrophils is Ca^(2+)-*** surface molecules on the apoptotic target cells responsible for these interactions had not been identified and this study was done to find candidate target ***(MPO),a specific intracellular defense molecule of neutrophils that becomes exposed on the outside of the cell upon apoptosis,was identified by affinity purification,mass-spectrometry and western blotting as a novel binding molecule for SP-A and *** confirm its role in recognition,it was shown that purified immobilised MPO binds SP-A and SP-D,and that MPO is surface-exposed on late apoptotic ***-A and SP-D inhibit binding of an anti-MPO monoclonal Ab to late apoptotic *** microscopy confirmed that anti-MPO mAb and SP-A/SP-D colocalise on late apoptotic *** was identified as a further potential ligand for SP-A,and neutrophil defensin as a target for both proteins.

关键词： SP-A SP-D myeloperoxidase neutrophils flow cytometry mass spectrometry

Elevated temperature intensity,timing,and duration of exposure affect soybean internode elongation,mainstem node number,and pod number per plant

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The Crop j.urnal 2018年第2期6卷 148-161页

作者： Leon Hartwell Allen j.. Lingxiao Zhang kenneth j.Boote Bernard A.Hauser U.S.Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service GainesvilleFL 32608USA Department of Agronomy University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA Department of Biology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA

A study was conducted in four compartments of a polycarbonate greenhouse at Gainesville,FL, USA to investigate how a soybean(Glycine max L. Merr.) cultivar, Maverick(maturity group III, indeterminate), responded to three elevated temperatures, ELT,(day/night of 34/26 °C, 38/30 °C, and 42/34 °C) in comparison to a control growth temperature(30/22 °C).Carbon dioxide(CO_2) concentration was maintained at 700 μmol mol^(-1) in each compartment by a processor controlled air-sampling and CO_2-inj.ction system. Three sequential experiments were conducted at different times of year(summer, autumn, and early spring)to investigate the effect of intensity, timing, and duration of ELT on soybean node number,internode elongation, mainstem length, and number of pods set per plant. At the control temperature, the soybean plants grown in the polycarbonate greenhouse were taller than field-grown plants. When plants were grown under continuous ELT applied soon after sowing or at initial flowering, the number of nodes increased with increasing ELT intensity,whereas the length of individual internodes decreased. When ELT treatment was applied during the beginning of flowering stage(R1–R2) or earlier, more nodes were produced and the length of affected internodes was decreased. When the ELT was imposed later at reproductive stage R5+ j.st before the beginning of seed filling, effects on node numbers and internode lengths were negligible. Short-term(10-day) duration of ELT applied at four stages from V3 to R5+ did not significantly affect final mean numbers of nodes or mean mainstem lengths. Possible mechanisms of elevated temperature effects on soybean internode elongation and node number(internode number) are discussed. Total pod numbers per plant increased linearly with mainstem node numbers and mainstem ***, total pod numbers per plant were greatest at 34/26 °C rather than at the control temperature of 30/22 °C(and remained high at 38/30 °C). Mild increases in temperatu

关键词： Elevated temperature Internode elongation Node number Pod yield Soybean phenology

Trends of Extreme Precipitation in Eastern China and Their Possible Causes

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第8期32卷 1027-1037页

作者： LIU Run LIU shaw Chen Ralph j.CICERONE SHIU Chein-j.ng LI j.n WANG j.ngli ZHANG Yuanhang State Key j.int Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Research Center for Environmental Changes Academia Sinica Department of Atmospheric Science NCU National Academy of Sciences Earth System Science University of California Institute of Urban Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration

Significant increases of heavy precipitation and decreases of light precipitation have been reported over widespread regions of the globe. Global warming and effects of anthropogenic aerosols have both been proposed as possible causes of these changes. We examine data from urban and rural meteorological stations in eastern China （1955-2011） and compare them with Global Precipitation Climatology Proj.ct （GPCP） data （1979-2007） and reanalysis data in various latitude zones to study changes in precipitation extremes. Significant decreases in light precipitation and increases in heavy precipitation are found at both rural and urban stations, as well as low latitudes over the ocean, while total precipitation shows little change. Characteristics of these changes and changes in the equatorial zone and other latitudes suggest that global warming rather than aerosol effects is the primary cause of the changes. In eastern China, increases of annual total dry days （28 days） and ） 10 consecutive dry days （36%） are due to the decrease in light precipitation days, thereby establishing a causal link among global warming, changes in precipitation extremes, and higher meteorological risk of floods and droughts. Further, results derived from the GPCP data and reanalysis data suggest that the causal link exists over widespread regions of the globe.

关键词： extreme precipitation global warming aerosols meteorological risk of floods and droughts

Mobile technology for health care in rural China

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International j.urnal of Nursing Sciences 2014年第3期1卷 323-324页

作者： Zhao Ni Bei Wu Catherine Samples Ryan j.shaw School of Nursing Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27710USA

With the proliferation of mobile technologies in China,the Chinese mobile medical applications market is growing *** may be particularly useful for Chinese rural populations who have limited access to quality medical care where mobile technologies can reach across geographic and socioeconomic boundaries and potentially increase access to care and improve health outcomes.

关键词： China Mobile health mHealth Rural

Developing an Evolutionary Algorithm to Search for an Optimal Multi-Mother Wavelet Packets Combination

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j.urnal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2015年第7期8卷 458-470页

作者： Ohad Bar Siman Tov j. David Schaffer kenneth j. McLeod Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering State University of New York at Binghamton Binghamton NY USA Department of Bioengineering State University of New York at Binghamton Binghamton NY USA

The wavelet transform is a popular analysis tool for non-stationary data, but in many cases, the choice of the mother wavelet and basis set remains uncertain, particularly when dealing with physiological data. Furthermore, the possibility exists for combining information from numerous mother wavelets so as to exploit different features from the data. However, the combinatorics become daunting given the large number of basis sets that can be utilized. Recent work in evolutionary computation has produced a subset selection genetic algorithm specifically aimed at the discovery of small, high-performance, subsets from among a large pool of candidates. Our aim was to apply this algorithm to the task of locating subsets of packets from multiple mother wavelet decompositions to estimate cardiac output from chest wall motions while avoiding the computational cost of full signal reconstruction. We present experiments which show how a continuous assessment metric can be extracted from the wavelets coefficients, but the dual-obj.ctive nature of the algorithm (high accuracy with small feature sets) imposes a need to restrict the sensitivity of the continuous accuracy metric in order to achieve the small subset size desired. A possibly subtle tradeoff seems to be needed to meet the dual obj.ctives.

关键词： Wavelet Transform Data Mining Genetic Algorithm

Structure and sequence analysis of influenza A virus nucleoprotein

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2009年第5期52卷 439-449页

作者： NG Andy Ka-Leung shaw Pang-Chui Molecular Biotechnology Programme Department of Biochemistry and Centre for Protein Science and Crystallography The Chi-nese University of Hong Kong

Influenza A virus nucleoprotein (NP) forms homo-oligomers and multiple copies of NP wrap around genomic RNA, along with a trimeric polymerase making up ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex. Sequence comparison of more than 2500 influenza A NP showed that this protein contains 30.1 % of polymorphic residues. NP is composed of a head and a body domain and a tail loop/ linker region. The head domain is more conserved than the body domain, as revealed from the structure-based sequence alignment. NP oligomerization is mediated by the insertion of the non-polymorphic and structurally conserved tail loop of one NP molecule to a groove of another NP. The different form of NP oligomers is due to the flexibility of the polymorphic linkers that j.in the tail loop to the rest of the protein. The RNA binding property of NP is known to involve the protruding element and the flexible basic loop between the head and body domains, both having high degree of primary sequence conservation. To bind RNA, NP may first capture the RNA by the flexible basic loop and then the RNA is clamped by the protruding element.

关键词： Influenza H5N1 nucleoprotein oligomerization RNA binding