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World journal of Cardiology 2024年第7期16卷 402-411页

作者： Taha Teaima Gianfranco Bittar Carlini rohan A Gajjar Imran Aziz Sami j Shoura Abdul-Rahim Shilbayeh Naim Battikh Tareq Alyousef Division of Cardiology Department of MedicineJohn H.StrogerJr.Hospital of Cook CountyChicagoIL 60612United States

BACKGROUND Transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)is a revolutionary procedure for severe aortic *** coexistence of chronic kidney disease(CKD)and TAVR introduces a challenge that significantly impacts patient *** To define readmission rates,predictors,and causes after TAVR procedure in CKD stage 1-4 *** We used the national readmission database 2018 and 2020 to look into readmission rates,causes and predictors after TAVR procedure in patients with CKD stage *** Out of 24758 who underwent TAVR and had CKD,7892(32.4%)patients were readmitted within 90 days,and had higher adjusted odds of being females(adjusted odds ratio:1.17,95%CI:1.02-1.31,P=0.02)with longer length of hospital stay>6 days,and more comorbidities including but not limited to diabetes mellitus,anemia,and congestive heart failure(CHF).CONCLUSION Most common causes of readmission included CHF(18.0%),sepsis,and complete atrioventricular *** readmission predictors with very close followup is warranted to prevent such high rate of readmission.

关键词： Chronic kidney disease Transcatheter aortic valve replacement Readmission Predictors Rates

Light treatment for seasonal Winter depression in African-American vs Caucasian outpatients

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World journal of Psychiatry 2015年第1期5卷 138-146页

作者： Hyacinth N Uzoma Gloria M Reeves Patricia Langenberg Baharak Khabazghazvini Theodora G Balis Mary A johnson Aamar Sleemi Debra A Scrandis Sarah A Zimmerman Dipika Vaswani Gagan Virk Nijjar johanna Cabassa Manana Lapidus kelly j rohan Teodor T Postolache Department of Psychiatry University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21201-1549United States Psychiatry Residency Training Program St.Elizabeth’s HospitalWashingtonDC 20032United States Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21201-1549United States Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21201-1549United States Family and Community Health University of Maryland School of NursingBaltimoreMD 21201-1549United States Department of Psychological Science University of VermontBurlingtonVT 05405-0134United States VISN 5 Capitol Health Care Network Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center BaltimoreMD 21201United States VISN 19 Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center DenverCO 80220United States 不详

AIM: To compare adherence, response, and remission with light treatment in African-American and Caucasian patients with Seasonal Affective ***: Seventy-eight study participants, agerange 18-64(51 African-Americans and 27 Caucasians)recruited from the Greater Baltimore Metropolitan area, with diagnoses of recurrent mood disorder with seasonal pattern, and confirmed by a Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Ⅳ, were enrolled in an open label study of daily bright light treatment. The trial lasted6 wk with flexible dosing of light starting with 10000 lux bright light for 60 min daily in the morning. At the end of six weeks there were 65 completers. Three patients had Bipolar Ⅱ disorder and the remainder had Major depressive disorder. Outcome measures were remission(score ≤ 8) and response(50% reduction)in symptoms on the Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(SIGH-SAD)as well as symptomatic improvement on SIGH-SAD and Beck Depression Inventory-Ⅱ. Adherence was measured using participant daily log. Participant groups were compared using t-tests, chi square, linear and logistic regressions. RESULTS: The study did not find any significant group difference between African-Americans and their Caucasian counterparts in adherence with light treatment as well as in symptomatic *** symptomatic improvement and rate of treatment response were not different between the two groups,African-Americans, after adjustment for age, gender and adherence, achieved a significantly lower remission rate(African-Americans 46.3%; Caucasians 75%; P =0.02).CONCLUSION: This is the first study of light treatment in African-Americans, continuing our previous work reporting a similar frequency but a lower awareness of SAD and its treatment in African-Americans. Similar rates of adherence, symptomatic improvement and treatment response suggest that light treatment is a feasible, acceptable,

关键词： Seasonal affective disorder Depression Light treatment African-American Black Remission gap Ethnicity Race

Efficient strategies for leave-one-out cross validation for genomic best linear unbiased prediction

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第3期8卷 733-737页

作者： Hao Cheng Dorian j.Garrick rohan L.Fernando Department of Animal Science Iowa State University50011AmesIowaUSA Department of Statistics Iowa State University50011AmesIowaUSA Institute of Veterinary Animal&Biomedical ScienceMassey UniversityPalmerston NorthNew Zealand

Background： A random multiple-regression model that simultaneously fit all allele substitution effects for additive markers or haplotypes as uncorrelated random effects was proposed for Best Linear Unbiased Prediction, using whole-genome data. Leave-one-out cross validation can be used to quantify the predictive ability of a statistical ***： Naive application of Leave-one-out cross validation is computationally intensive because the training and validation analyses need to be repeated n times, once for each observation. Efficient Leave-one-out cross validation strategies are presented here, requiring little more effort than a single ***： Efficient Leave-one-out cross validation strategies is 786 times faster than the naive application for a simulated dataset with 1,000 observations and 10,000 markers and 99 times faster with 1,000 observations and 100 markers. These efficiencies relative to the naive approach using the same model will increase with increases in the number of ***： Efficient Leave-one-out cross validation strategies are presented here, requiring little more effort than a single analysis.

关键词： Leave-one-out cross validation GBLUP

Clinical characteristics and outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma in alcohol related and cryptogenic cirrhosis: a prospective study

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2015年第4期14卷 401-405页

作者： rohan C Siriwardana Maduni A Niriella Anuradha S Dassanayake Chandika Liyanage Bhagya Gunathilaka Subani jayathunge Hithanadura j de Silva Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine University of Kelaniya Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Kelaniya Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine University of Kelaniya

BACKGROUND： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） is becoming a leading cause of chronic liver disease. Hepato- cellular carcinoma （HCC） is one of its complications. Although the pathophysiology is unclear, it is reasonable to expect that cryptogenic cirrhosis related HCC （cryptogenic HCC） behaves differently to other types of HCC. This study prospectively compared patients with cryptogenic HCC and those with HCC related to alcoholic cirrhosis. METHODS： A total of 150 consecutive patients with HCC （89 cryptogenic HCC and 61 alcohol related HCC） referred to our unit over a 23-month period were studied. Their demographic data, liver function, tumor characteristics and outcomes were compared. RESULTS： Alcohol related HCC was seen only in males. Com- pared with cryptogenic HCC, alcohol related HCC had signifi- cantly higher aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotrans- ferase （AST/ALT） ratio （1.7 vs 1.4, P=0.002）, model for end- stage liver disease score （13 vs 11, P=0.018） and Child＇s score （7 vs 6, P=0.037）. No significant difference was seen in platelet counts, serum sodium and AST to platelet ratio index. Single nodular tumors were more common in cryptogenic HCC, while diffuse type tumors and macroscopic vascular invasion were common in alcohol related HCC. In patients who could not be offered any treatment because of advanced tumors or poor liver function, alcohol related HCC had a significantly lower median survival （5.3 months） compared with crypto- genic HCC （9.3 months, P=0.034）.CONCLUSIONS： Compared wtih cryptogenic HCC, alcohol related HCC had worse liver function and aggressive tumor morphology at presentation, and a higher proportion was untreatable. In patients who could not be treated, median sur- vival was lower in patients with alcohol related HCC than in those with cryptogenic HCC.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma liver diseases alcoholic fatty liver

The emerging role of somatic tumor sequencing in the treatment of urothelial cancer

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Asian journal of Urology 2021年第4期8卷 391-399页

作者： Lexiaochuan Wen Cameron j.Britton rohan Garje Benjamin W.Darbro Vignesh T.Packiam Department of Urology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Division of Hematology OncologyBlood&Marrow TransplantationDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA Stead Family Department of Pediatrics University of IowaIowa CityIAUSA Department of Urology University of IowaIowa CityIAUSA

The development of rapid genome sequencing has greatly enhanced our understanding of the molecular biology underlying many *** exome sequencing has highlighted the individualistic nature of malignancies on a patient-to-patient basis and begun to revolutionize therapeutic *** recent years,whole genome sequencing of urothelial malignancies has identified a host of somatic mutations which contribute to growth,progression,and metastasis of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and upper tract urothelial *** genetic sequencing continues,additional targets will be identified,allowing development of novel therapeutic agents targeting cancer on a molecular level,with the goal of delivering highly individualized care based on the underlying mutational profile of the patient’s *** this review,we aim to discuss known genetic alterations of urothelial malignancy and the implications these mutations carry in terms of prognostication and development of targeted therapeutic *** will focus on RNA-expression profiling and genomic DNA profiling,with a focus on comprehensive whole exome and whole genome sequencing relative to selected urothelial carcinoma-associated genes and circulating tumor DNA analysis.

关键词： Tumor sequencing Whole exome sequencing Next-generation sequencing Somatic mutations Bladder cancer Urothelial carcinoma

United States-based practice patterns and resource utilization in advanced neuroendocrine tumor treatment

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第15期19卷 2348-2354页

作者： jonathan Strosberg Roman Casciano Lee Stern rohan Parikh Maruit Chulikavit jacob Willet Zhimei Liu Xufang Wang Krzysztof j Grzegorzewski H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Gastrointestinal Tumor DepartmentTampaFL 33612United States LA-SER Analytica New YorkNY 10018United States Novartis Oncology Florham Park Novartis Oncology Florham ParkNJ 07932United States

AIM: To assess advanced neuroendocrine tumor (NET) treatment patterns and resource utilization by tumor progression stage and tumor site in the United States. METHODS: United States Physicians meeting eligibility criteria were provided with online data extraction forms to collect patient chart data on recent NET patients. Resource utilization and treatment pattern data were collected over a baseline period (after diagnosis and before tumor progression), as well as initial and secondary progression periods, with progression defined according to measureable radiographic evidence of tumor progression. Resource categories used in the analysis include: Treatments (e.g. , surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapies), hospitalizations and physician visits, diagnostic tests (biomarkers, imaging, laboratory tests). Comparisons between categories of resource utilization and tumor progression status were examined using univariate (by tumor site) and multivariate analyses (across all tumor sites). RESULTS: Fifty-five physicians were included in the study and completed online data extraction forms using the charts of 110 patients. The physician sample showed a relatively even distribution for those affiliated with academic versus community hospitals (46% vs 55%). Forty (36.3%) patients were reported to have pancreatic NET (pNET), while 70 (63.6%) patients had gastrointestinal tract (GI)/Lung as the primary NET site. Univariate analysis showed the proportion of patients hospitalized increased from 32.7% during baseline to 42.1% in the progression stages. While surgeries were performed at similar proportions overall at baseline and progression, pNET patients, were more likely than GI/Lung NET patients to have undergone surgery during the baseline (33.3% vs 25.0%) and any progression periods (26.7% vs 23.4%). While peptide-receptor radionuclide and targeted therapy utilization was low across NET types and tumor stages, GI/Lung types exhibited greater utilization of thes

关键词： Gastrointestinal cancers Neuroendocrine tumors Resource utilization Health economics Clinical practice patterns

Cytogenetic analysis of chromosomal abnormalities in Sri Lankan children

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World journal of Pediatrics 2015年第4期11卷 374-379页

作者： Sharmila Thillainathan Nirmala D.Sirisena Kariyawasam W.j.C.Kariyawasam rohan W.jayasekara Vajira H.W.Dissanayake Human Genetics Unit Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka Asiri Center for Genomic and Regenerative Medicine Asiri Surgical HospitalColomboSri Lanka

Background: Cytogenetic analysis is a valuable investigation in the diagnostic work up of children with suspected chromosomal disorders. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of various types of chromosomal abnormalities in Sri Lankan children undergoing cytogenetic analysis. Methods: Cytogenetic reports of 1554 consecutive children with suspected chromosomal disorders who underwent karyotyping in two genetic centers in Sri Lanka from january 2006 to December 2011 were reviewed retrospectively. Results: A total of 1548 children were successfully karyotyped. Abnormal karyotypes were found in 783 (50.6%) children. Numerical and structural abnormalities accounted for 90.8% and 9.2%, respectively. Down syndrome was the commonest aneuploidy identifi ed. Other various autosomal and sex chromosomal aneuploidies as well as micro-deletion syndromes were also detected. Conclusions: The prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities in Sri Lankan children undergoing cytogenetic analysis for suspected chromosomal disorders was relatively higher than that in Caucasian and other Asian populations.

关键词： aneuploidy chromosome aberrations cytogenetic analysis karyotypes

Mixture models detect large effect QTL better than GBLUP and result in more accurate and persistent predictions

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第4期7卷 468-473页

作者： Anna Wolc jesus Arango Petek Settar janet E.Fulton Neil P.O'Sullivan jack C.M.Dekkers rohan Fernando Dorian j.Garrick Department of Animal Science Iowa State University Hy-Line International Dallas Center

Background： Accurate evaluation of SNP effects is important for genome wide association studies and for genomic prediction. The genetic architecture of quantitative traits differs widely, with some traits exhibiting few if any quantitative trait loci （QTL） with large effects, while other traits have one or several easily detectable QTL with large effects. Methods： Body weight in broilers and egg weight in layers are two examples of traits that have QTL of large effect A commonly used method for genome wide association studies is to fit a mixture model such as BayesB that assumes some known proportion of SNP effects are zero. In contrast, the most commonly used method for genomic prediction is known as GBLUP, which involves fitting an animal model to phenotypic data with the variance-covariance or genomic relationship matrix among the animals being determined by genome wide SNP genotypes. Genotypes at each SNP are typically weighted equally in determining the genomic relationship matrix for GBLUP. We used the equivalent marker effects model formulation of GBLUP for this study. We compare these two classes of models using egg weight data collected over 8 generations from 2,324 animals genotyped with a 42 K SNP ***： Using data from the first 7 generations, both BayesB and GBLUP found the largest QTL in a similar well-recognized QTL region, but this QTL was estimated to account for 24 % of genetic variation with BayesB and less than 1% with GBLUP. When predicting phenotypes in generation 8 BayesB accounted for 36 % of the phenotypic variation and GBLUP for 25 %. When using only data from any one generation, the same QTL was identified with BayesB in all but one generation but never with GBLUP. Predictions of phenotypes in generations 2 to 7 based on only 295 animals from generation 1 accounted for 10 % phenotypic variation with BayesB but only 6 % with GBLUP. Predicting phenotype using only the marker effects in the 1 Mb region that accounted for the largest e

关键词： Bayesian methods Bias QTL

Method for hull-less barley transformation and manipulation of grain mixed-linkage beta-glucan

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journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2018年第5期60卷 382-396页

作者： Wai Li Lim Helen M. Collins rohan R. Singh Natalie A. j. Kibble Kuok Yap jillian Taylor Geoffrey B. Fincher Rachel A. Burton ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls School of Agriculture Food and Wine University of Adelaide Waite Campus Glen Osmond SouthAustralia 5064 Australia Institute for Molecular Bioscience The University of Queensland，4072，Australia

Hull-less barley is increasingly offering scope for breeding grains with improved characteristics for human nutrition; however, recalcitrance of hull-less cultivars to transformation has limited the use of these varieties. To overcome this limitation, we sought to develop an effective transformation system for hull-less barley using the cultivar Torrens. Torrens yielded a transformation efficiency of 1.8%, using a modified Agrobacterium transformation method. This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, 0,3;1,4）-β-glucan （mixed-linkage glucan）, primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. Over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, driven by an endosperm-specific promoter, produced lines where mixed-linkage glucan content increased on average by 45%, peaking at 70% in some lines, with smaller increases in transgenic HvCsIH1 grain. Transgenic HvCslF6 lines displayed alterations where grain had a darker color, were more easily crushed than wild type and were smaller. This was associated with an enlarged cavity in the central endosperm and changes in cell morphology, including aleurone and sub-aleurone cells. This work provides proof-of-concept evidence that mixed-linkage glucan content in hull-less barley grain can be increased by over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, but also indicates that hull-less cultivars may be more sensitive to attempts to modify cell wall composition.

关键词： Tobias I. Baskin University of Massachusetts USA

In vivo and ex vivo confocal endomicroscopy of pancreatic cystic lesions: A prospective study

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第18期23卷 3338-3348页

作者： Somashekar G Krishna rohan M Modi Amrit K Kamboj Benjamin j Swanson Phil A Hart Mary E Dillhoff Andrei Manilchuk Carl R Schmidt Darwin L Conwell Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center College of Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Pathology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Division of Surgical Oncology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Deparment of General Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

To investigate the reproducibility of the in vivo endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) - guided needle based confocal endomicroscopy (nCLE) image patterns in an ex vivo setting and compare these to surgical histopathology for characterizing pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs).METHODSIn a prospective study evaluating EUS-nCLE for evaluation of PCLs, 10 subjects underwent an in vivo nCLE (AQ-Flex nCLE miniprobe; Cellvizio, MaunaKea, Paris, France) during EUS and ex vivo probe based CLE (pCLE) of the PCL (Gastroflex ultrahigh definition probe, Cellvizio) after surgical resection. Biopsies were obtained from ex vivo CLE-imaged areas for comparative histopathology. All subjects received intravenous fluorescein prior to EUS and pancreatic surgery for in vivo and ex vivo CLE imaging *** total of 10 subjects (mean age 53 ± 12 years; 5 female) with a mean PCL size of 34.8 ± 14.3 mm were enrolled. Surgical histopathology confirmed 2 intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs), 3 mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCNs), 2 cystic neuroendocrine tumors (cystic-NETs), 1 serous cystadenoma (SCA), and 2 squamous lined PCLs. Characteristic in vivo nCLE image patterns included papillary projections for IPMNs, horizon-type epithelial bands for MCNs, nests and trabeculae of cells for cystic-NETs, and a “fern pattern” of vascularity for SCA. Identical image patterns were observed during ex vivo pCLE imaging of the surgically resected PCLs. Both in vivo and ex vivo CLE imaging findings correlated with surgical *** vivo nCLE patterns are reproducible in ex vivo pCLE for all major neoplastic PCLs. These findings add further support the application of EUS-nCLE as an imaging biomarker in the diagnosis of PCLs.

关键词： Confocal laser endomicroscopy Serous cystadenoma Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm Pancreatic cystic neoplasm