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Paper-based aqueous Al ion battery with water-in-salt electrolyte

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Green Energy & Environment 2023年第5期8卷 1380-1388页

作者： Yifei Wang Wending Pan kee wah leong Yingguang Zhang Xiaolong Zhao Shijing Luo Dennis Y.C.Leung School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen518055China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Low-cost,flexible and safe battery technology is the key to the widespread usage of wearable electronics,among which the aqueous Al ion battery with water-in-salt electrolyte is a promising *** this work,a flexible aqueous Al ion battery is developed using cellulose paper as *** water-in-salt electrolyte is stored inside the paper,while the electrodes are either printed or attached on the paper surface,leading to a lightweight and thin-film battery ***,this battery can tolerate a charge and discharge rate as high as 4 A g^(-1) without losing its storage *** charge voltage is around 2.2 V,while the discharge plateau of 1.6–1.8 V is among the highest in reported aqueous Al ion batteries,together with a high discharge specific capacity of~140 mAh g^(-1).However,due to the water electrolysis side reaction,the faradaic efficiency can only reach 85%with a cycle life of 250 due to the dry out of *** from using flexible materials and aqueous electrolyte,this paper-based Al ion battery can tolerate various deformations such as bending,rolling and even puncturing without losing its *** two single cells are connected in series,the battery pack can provide a charge voltage of 4.3 V and a discharge plateau as high as 3–3.6 V,which are very close to commercial Li ion *** a cheap,flexible and safe battery technology may be widely applied in low-cost and large-quantity applications,such as RFID tags,smart packages and wearable biosensors in the future.

关键词： Al ion battery Aqueous electrolyte Water-in-salt Paper battery Flexible battery

Predictors of rebleeding after initial hemostasis with epinephrine injection in high-risk ulcers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第43期16卷 5490-5495页

作者： Ming-Luen Hu King-wah Chiu Yi-Chun Chiu Yeh-Pin Chou Tsung-Hui Hu Shue-Shian Chiou Seng-kee Chuah Division of Hepatogastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center Chang Gung University College of Medicine

AIM: To identify the predictors of rebleeding after initial hemostasis with epinephrine injection (EI) in patients with high-risk ulcers. METHODS: Recent studies have revealed that endoscopic thermocoagulation, or clips alone or combined with EI are superior to EI alone to arrest ulcer bleeding. However, the reality is that EI monotherapy is still common in clinical practice. From October 2006 to April 2008, high-risk ulcer patients in whom hemorrhage was stopped after EI monotherapy were studied using clinical, laboratory and endoscopic variables. The patients were divided into 2 groups: sustained hemostasis and rebleeding. RESULTS: A total of 175 patients (144, sustainedhemostasis; 31, rebleeding) were enrolled. Univariate analysis revealed that older age (≥ 60 years), advanced American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) status (category Ⅲ , Ⅳ and Ⅴ ), shock, severe anemia (hemoglobin < 80 g/L), EI dose ≥ 12 mL and severe bleeding signs (SBS) including hematemesis or hematochezia were the factors which predicted rebleeding. However, only older age, severe anemia, high EI dose and SBS were independent predictors. Among 31 rebleeding patients, 10 (32.2%) underwent surgical hemostasis, 15 (48.4%) suffered from delayed hemostasis causing major complications and 13 (41.9%) died of these complications. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic EI monotherapy in patients with high-risk ulcers should be avoided. Initial hemostasis with thermocoagulation, clips or additional hemostasis after EI is mandatory for such patients to ensure better hemostatic status and to prevent subsequent rebleeding, surgery, morbidity and mortality.

关键词： Epinephrine injection High-risk ulcers Initial hemostasis Predictors Rebleeding

Delayed presentation of intrathoracic esophageal perforation after pneumatic dilation for achalasia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第35期15卷 4461-4463页

作者： Ming-Tzung Lin King-wah Chiu Yeh-Pin Chou Ming-Chao Tsai Tsung-Hui Hu Chuan-Mo Lee Chi-Sin Changchien Seng-kee Chuah Division of Hepatogastroenterology Chang Gang Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung 123Ta-Pei RoadNiaosung HsiangKaohsiung Country 833TaiwanChina Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiung 833TaiwanChina

Pneumatic dilation(PD)is considered to be a safe and effective first line therapy for *** major adverse event caused by PD is esophageal perforation but an immediate gastrografin test may not always detect a *** has been reported that delayed management of perforation for more than 24 h is associated with high *** is the treatment of choice within 24 h,but the management of delayed perforation remains ***,we report a delayed presentation of intrathoracic esophageal perforation following PD in a 48-year-old woman who suffered from *** completely recovered after intensive medical care.A review of the literature is also discussed.

关键词： Intrathoracic esophageal perforation Delayed presentation Pneumatic dilation Esophagealachalasia

Effect of ginger on gastric motility and symptoms of functional dyspepsia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第1期17卷 105-110页

作者： Ming-Luen Hu Christophan K Rayner Keng-Liang Wu Seng-kee Chuah Wei-Chen Tai Yeh-Pin Chou Yi-Chun Chiu King-wah Chiu Tsung-Hui Hu Division of Hepatogastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital- Kaohsiung Medical Center Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung 83301 Taiwan Discipline of Medicine University ofAdelaide Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide SA 5000 Australia

AIM:To evaluate the effects of ginger on gastric motility and emptying,abdominal symptoms,and hormones that influence motility in ***:Eleven patients with functional dyspepsia were studied twice in a randomized double-blind *** an 8-h fast,the patients ingested three capsules that contained ginger(total 1.2 g) or placebo,followed after 1 h by 500 mL low-nutrient *** area,fundus area and diameter,and the frequency of antral contractions were measured using ultrasound at frequent intervals,and the gastric half-emptying time was calculated from the change in antral *** sensations and appetite were scored using visual analog questionnaires,and blood was taken for measurement of plasma glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1),motilin and ghrelin concentrations,at intervals throughout the ***:Gastric emptying was more rapid after ginger than placebo [median(range) half-emptying time 12.3(8.5-17.0) min after ginger,16.1(8.3-22.6) min after placebo,P ≤ 0.05].There was a trend for more antral contractions(P = 0.06),but fundus dimensions and gastrointestinal symptoms did not differ,nor did serum concentrations of GLP-1,motilin and ***:Ginger stimulated gastric emptying and antral contractions in patients with functional dyspepsia,but had no impact on gastrointestinal symptoms or gut peptides.

关键词： Ginger(Zinger offinale) Functional dyspepsia Gastric emptying Antral contraction Abdominal ultrasound Ghrelin Glucagon-like peptide-1 Motilin

Expression and prognostic role of molecular markers in 99 KIT-positive gastric stromal tumors in Taiwan Residents

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第4期12卷 595-602页

作者： Tsung-Hui Hu Seng-kee Chuah Jui-Wei Lin Yi-Chun Chiu Chi-Sin Changchien Chih-Chi Wang Yaw-Sen Chen Li-Na Yi King-wah Chiu Chuan-Mo Lee Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineChanggung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan China Department of Pathology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan China Department of Surgery Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan China

AIM： TO elucidate the prognostic role and relationship of three molecular markers such as tumor suppressor gene p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） and Ki-67 in gastric stromal tumor. METHODS： A total of 108 surgically resected gastric smooth muscle tumor specimens were collected from January 1987 to December 1999. Immunohistochemical studies were performed on the paraffin sections of 99 of 108 CDl17-positive tumors with antibodies of p53, PCNA, and Ki-67. Immunoreactivity of three molecular markers was recorded by labeling index （LI, %） and was analyzed for clinicopathologic and survival correlation. RESULTS： Of the 99 cases, immunostaining revealed that 52 patients （52.5%） had p53, and 37 patients （37.3%） had Ki-67 immunoreactivity （defined as 〉10% of LI）. All patients （100%） had PCNA immunoreactivity ranging from 12% to 93% of LI, divided into high or low by median. Statistics revealed that LI of three markers positively correlate to each other （P〈0.01） and to microscopic tumor mitotic counts （P〈0.001）. By combination, patients with ≥2 markers （positive or high） in tumors had early tumor recurrence （P〈0.001） and unfavorable outcome （P〈0.001）. Univariate analysis indicated that patients with tumor size 〉5 cm （P=0.003）, tumor mitosis 〉5/50 HPF （P〈0.001）, p53 immunoreactivity （P=0.001）, Ki-67 immunoreactivity （P=0.026）, high PCNA LI （P=0.015） and male gender （P=0.036） were six predictors for early disease recurrence. Subsequent multivariate analysis revealed that mitotic counts, tumor size, and p53 immunoreactivity were three independent prognostic factors for both disease free and overall survival of patients. By combination of three independent prognostic factors for grouping, we found higher tumor recurrence rate （P〈0.001） and shorter survival （P〈0.001） existed in groups with increasing factors. CONCLUSION： We first provide the prognostic value and linkage of three molecular markers in GISTs. The combination of three factors （p53, tumor size, and t

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromal tumor GIST p53 PCNA Ki-67 Prognosis

Application of Conjugate Gradient Approach for Nonlinear Optimal Control Problem with Model-Reality Differences

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Applied Mathematics 2018年第8期9卷 940-953页

作者： Sie Long Kek wah June leong Sy Yi Sim Kok Lay Teo Department of Mathematics and Statistics Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Campus Pagoh Panchor Malaysia Department of Mathematics Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia Department of Electrical Engineering Technology Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Campus Pagoh Panchor Malaysia Department of Mathematics and Statistics Curtin University of Technology Perth Australia

In this paper, an efficient computational algorithm is proposed to solve the nonlinear optimal control problem. In our approach, the linear quadratic optimal control model, which is adding the adjusted parameters into the model used, is employed. The aim of applying this model is to take into account the differences between the real plant and the model used during the calculation procedure. In doing so, an expanded optimal control problem is introduced such that system optimization and parameter estimation are mutually interactive. Accordingly, the optimality conditions are derived after the Hamiltonian function is defined. Specifically, the modified model-based optimal control problem is resulted. Here, the conjugate gradient approach is used to solve the modified model-based optimal control problem, where the optimal solution of the model used is calculated repeatedly, in turn, to update the adjusted parameters on each iteration step. When the convergence is achieved, the iterative solution approaches to the correct solution of the original optimal control problem, in spite of model-reality differences. For illustration, an economic growth problem is solved by using the algorithm proposed. The results obtained demonstrate the efficiency of the algorithm proposed. In conclusion, the applicability of the algorithm proposed is highly recommended.

关键词： Nonlinear Optimal Control Conjugate Gradient Approach Iterative Solution Adjusted Parameters Model-Reality Differences

Discrete-Time Nonlinear Stochastic Optimal Control Problem Based on Stochastic Approximation Approach

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2018年第3期8卷 232-244页

作者： Sie Long Kek Sy Yi Sim wah June leong Kok Lay Teo Department of Mathematics and Statistics Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Pagoh Malaysia Department of Electrical Engineering Technology Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Pagoh Malaysia Department of Mathematics Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia Department of Mathematics and Statistics Curtin University of Technology Perth Australia

In this paper, a computational approach is proposed for solving the discrete-time nonlinear optimal control problem, which is disturbed by a sequence of random noises. Because of the exact solution of such optimal control problem is impossible to be obtained, estimating the state dynamics is currently required. Here, it is assumed that the output can be measured from the real plant process. In our approach, the state mean propagation is applied in order to construct a linear model-based optimal control problem, where the model output is measureable. On this basis, an output error, which takes into account the differences between the real output and the model output, is defined. Then, this output error is minimized by applying the stochastic approximation approach. During the computation procedure, the stochastic gradient is established, so as the optimal solution of the model used can be updated iteratively. Once the convergence is achieved, the iterative solution approximates to the true optimal solution of the original optimal control problem, in spite of model-reality differences. For illustration, an example on a continuous stirred-tank reactor problem is studied, and the result obtained shows the applicability of the approach proposed. Hence, the efficiency of the approach proposed is highly recommended.

关键词： Nonlinear Optimal Control Output Error Model-Reality Differences Iterative Solution Stochastic Approximation

A Gauss-Newton Approach for Nonlinear Optimal Control Problem with Model-Reality Differences

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Open Journal of Optimization 2017年第3期6卷 85-100页

作者： Sie Long Kek Jiao Li wah June leong Mohd Ismail Abd Aziz Center for Research on Computational Mathematics Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Batu Pahat Malaysia School of Mathematics and Computing Science Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha China Department of Mathematics Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia Department of Mathematical Sciences Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Skudai Malaysia

Output measurement for nonlinear optimal control problems is an interesting issue. Because the structure of the real plant is complex, the output channel could give a significant response corresponding to the real plant. In this paper, a least squares scheme, which is based on the Gauss-Newton algorithm, is proposed. The aim is to approximate the output that is measured from the real plant. In doing so, an appropriate output measurement from the model used is suggested. During the computation procedure, the control trajectory is updated iteratively by using the Gauss-Newton recursion scheme. Consequently, the output residual between the original output and the suggested output is minimized. Here, the linear model-based optimal control model is considered, so as the optimal control law is constructed. By feed backing the updated control trajectory into the dynamic system, the iterative solution of the model used could approximate to the correct optimal solution of the original optimal control problem, in spite of model-reality differences. For illustration, current converted and isothermal reaction rector problems are studied and the results are demonstrated. In conclusion, the efficiency of the approach proposed is highly presented.

关键词： Nonlinear Optimal Control Gauss-Newton Approach Iterative Procedure Output Error Model-Reality Differences

Prediction of overall survival following colorectal cancer surgery in elderly patients

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2019年第5期11卷 247-260页

作者： Isaac Seow-En Winson Jianhong Tan Sreemanee Raaj Dorajoo Sharon Hui Ling Soh Yi Chye Law Soo Yeun Park Gyu-Seok Choi wah Siew Tan Choong leong Tang Min Hoe Chew Department of Colorectal Surgery Singapore General HospitalSingapore 169608Singapore Department of General Surgery Sengkang General HospitalSingapore 544886Singapore Department of Pharmacy National University of SingaporeSingapore 117559Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Colorectal Cancer Center Kyungpook National University Chilgok HospitalKyungpook National University School of MedicineDaegu 702-210South Korea

BACKGROUND With advanced age and chronic illness,the life expectancy of a patient with colorectal cancer(CRC)becomes less dependent on the malignant disease and more on their pre-morbid *** major surgery for these elderly patients can be *** accurate tool demonstrating post-operative survival probability would be useful for surgeons and their *** To integrate clinically significant prognostic factors relevant to elective colorectal surgery in the elderly into a validated pre-operative scoring *** In this retrospective cohort study,patients aged 70 and above who underwent surgery for CRC at Singapore General Hospital between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2012 were identified from a prospectively maintained *** with evidence of metastatic disease,and those who underwent emergency surgery or had surgery for benign colorectal conditions were excluded from the *** primary outcome was overall 3-year overall survival(OS)following surgery.A multivariate model predicting survival was derived and validated against an equivalent external surgical cohort from Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital,South *** analyses were performed using Stata/MP Version *** A total of 1267 patients were identified for *** median post-operative length of stay was 8[interquartile range(IQR)6-12]d and median follow-up duration was 47(IQR 19-75)*** OS was 78(IQR 65-85)*** multivariate analysis,the factors significant for predicting overall mortality were serum albumin<35 g/dL,serum carcinoembryonic antigen≥20μg/L,T stage 3 or 4,moderate tumor cell differentiation or worse,mucinous histology,rectal tumors,and pre-existing chronic obstructive lung *** age alone was not found to be *** Korean cohort consisted of 910 *** Singapore cohort exhibited a poorer OS,likely due to a higher proportion of advanced *** the clinicopathologic di

关键词： Colorectal cancer surgery Elderly Overall survival Pre-operative prognostic score