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Hierarchically porous monoliths based on low-valence transition metal (Cu, Co, Mn) oxides:gelation and phase separation

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National Science Review 2020年第11期7卷 1656-1666页

作者： Xuanming Lu kazuyoshi Kanamori Kazuki Nakanishi Department of Chemistry Graduate School of ScienceKyoto University Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences Kyoto University Institute for Advanced StudyKyoto University Division aof Materials Research Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability Nagoya University

Hierarchically porous monoliths based on copper (Cu), cobalt (Co) and manganese (Mn) oxides with three-dimensionally (3D) interconnected macropores and open nanopores were prepared using metal bromides as precursors via a sol–gel process accompanied by phase separation. The difficulty of gelation for low-valence metal cation was overcome by introducing a highly electronegative Br atom near to the metal atom to control the rates of hydrolysis and polycondensation. The 3D interconnected macropores were obtained using appropriate polymers to induce phase separation. The domain sizes of macropores and skeletons can be controlled by reaction parameters such as concentration and/or average molecular weight of polymers, and the amount of hydrochloric acid. The crystalline metal oxide monoliths with their 3D interconnected macroporous structure preserved were obtained after heat treatment in air.

关键词： hierarchically porous monolith low-valence transition metal oxide 3D interconnected macropore sol–gel process phase separation

Uncertainty in solid precipitation and snow depth prediction for Siberia using the Noah and Noah-MP land surface models

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2018年第4期12卷 672-682页

作者： kazuyoshi SUZUKI Milija ZUPANSKI Institute of Arctic Climate and Environment Change Research (IACE) Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)Yokohama236-0001Japan Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523-1375USA

In this study, we investigate the uncertainties associated with land surface processes in an ensemble predication context. Specifically, we compare the uncertainties produced by a coupled atmosphere–land modeling system with two different land surface models, the Noah- MP land surface model (LSM) and the Noah LSM, by using the Maximum Likelihood Ensemble Filter (MLEF) data assimilation system as a platform for ensemble prediction. We carried out 24-hour prediction simulations in Siberia with 32 ensemble members beginning at 00:00 UTC on 5 March 2013. We then compared the model prediction uncertainty of snow depth and solid precipitation with observation-based research products and evaluated the standard deviation of the ensemble spread. The prediction skill and ensemble spread exhibited high positive correlation for both LSMs, indicating a realistic uncertainty estimation. The inclusion of a multiple snowlayer model in the Noah-MP LSM was beneficial for reducing the uncertainties of snow depth and snow depth change compared to the Noah LSM, but the uncertainty in daily solid precipitation showed minimal difference between the two LSMs. The impact of LSM choice in reducing temperature uncertainty was limited to surface layers of the atmosphere. In summary, we found that the more sophisticated Noah-MP LSM reduces uncertainties associated with land surface processes compared to the Noah LSM. Thus, using prediction models with improved skill implies improved predictability and greater certainty of prediction.

关键词： ensemble simulation land-atmosphere interaction ensemble spread vertical temperature snow prediction

Prevention of aspiration of gastric contents during attempt in tracheal intubation in the semi-lateral and lateral positions

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2016年第4期7卷 285-289页

作者： Ichiro Takenaka kazuyoshi Aoyama Department of Anesthesia Kyushu Rosai Hospital Department of Anesthesia Kitakyushu General Hospital

BACKGROUND:Pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents during tracheal intubation is a lifethreatening complication in emergency patients.Rapid sequence intubation is commonly performed to prevent aspiration but is not associated with low risk of intubation related complications.Although it has been considered that aspiration can be prevented in the lateral position,few studies have evaluated the ability to prevent aspiration.Moreover,this position is not always a favorable position for tracheal intubation.If aspiration can be prevented in a clinically relevant semi-lateral position,it may be advantageous.We assessed the ability to prevent aspiration in the lateral position and various degrees of the semi-lateral position using a vomiting-regurgitation manikin model.METHODS:A manikin's head was placed in the neutral,simple extension,or sniffing position.The amount of aspirated saline into the bronchi during simulated vomiting was measured at semilateral position angles of 0°to 90° in 10° increments.The difference in the vertical height between the mouth corner and the inferior border of the vocal cord was measured radiologically at each semilateral position in the three head-neck positions.RESULTS:Pulmonary aspiration was prevented at the ≥70°,≥80°,and 90° semi-lateral positions in the neutral,simple extension,and sniffing positions,respectively.The mouth was lower than the vocal cord in the semi-lateral position in which aspiration was prevented.CONCLUSION:The lateral or excessive semi-lateral position was necessary to protect the lung from aspiration in the head-neck positions commonly used for tracheal intubation.Prevention of aspiration was difficult within clinically relevant semi-lateral positions.

关键词： Pulmonary aspiration Lateral position Semi-lateral position

Epithelial Cell Apoptosis and Lung Remodeling

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2007年第6期4卷 419-429页

作者： kazuyoshi Kuwano Division of Respiratory Diseases Department of Internal MedicineJikeiUniversity School of Medicine

Lung epithelium is the primary site of lung damage in various lung diseases. Epithelial cell apoptosis has been considered to be initial event in various lung diseases. Apoptosis signaling is classically composed of two principle pathways. One is a direct pathway from death receptor ligation to caspase cascade activation and cell death. The other pathway triggered by stresses such as drugs, radiation, infectious agents and reactive oxygen species is mediated by mitochondria. Endoplasmic reticulum has also been shown to be the organeile to mediate apoptosis. Epithelial cell death is followed by remodeling processes, which consist of epithelial and fibroblast activation, cytokine production, activation of coagulation pathway, neoangiogenesis, re-epithelialization and fibrosis. Epithelial and mesenchymai interaction plays important roles in these processes. Further understanding of apoptosis signaling and its regulation by novel strategies may lead to effective treatments against various lung diseases. We review the recent advances in the understanding of apoptosis signaling and discuss the involvement of apoptosis in lung remodeling. Cellular ＆ Molecular Immunology.

关键词： apoptosis lung injury pulmonary fibrosis COPD remodeling

幽门腺化生可能通过CDX2表达引起肠上皮化生甚至直接进展为胃癌

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Gastroenterology Report 2021年第4期9卷 370-373,I0003页

作者： kazuyoshi Yagi Atsunori Tsuchiya Satoru Hashimoto Taisuke Kato Osamu Onodera Shuji Terai Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Uonuma Institute of Community MedicineNiigata University Medical and Dental HospitalNiigataJapan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan Department of System Pathology for Neurological Disorders Brain Science BranchBrain Research InstituteNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan Department of Neurology Brain Research InstituteNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan

Introduction The majority of cases of gastric cancer are thought to develop due to chronic inflammation from Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection leading to intestinal metaplasia,termed the intestinal metaplasia–dysplasia–cancer sequence[1].Chronic inflammation from H.pylori infection causes mucin core protein 6-positive(MUC6t)pyloric-gland metaplasia;however,its origin is controversial.This MUC6t pyloric-gland metaplasia is similar to spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia in mouse studies[2–4].

关键词：肠上皮化生幽门腺 Helicobacter CDX2

Nonlinear Vibration Induced by the Water-film Whirl and Whip in a Sliding Bearing Rotor System

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2016年第2期29卷 260-270页

作者： ZHAI Liming LUO Yongyao WANG Zhengwei KITAUCHI Seishiro MIYAGAWA kazuyoshi State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Tsinghua University Department of Thermal Engineering Tsinghua University Department of Applied Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering Waseda University

Many industrial applications and experiments have shown that sliding bearings often experience fluid film whip due to nonlinear fluid film forces which can cause rotor-stator rub-impact failures. The oil-film whips have attracted many studies while the water-film whips in the water lubricated sliding bearing have been little researched with the mechanism still an open problem. The dynamic fluid film forces in a water sliding bearing are investigated numerically with rotational, whirling and squeezing motions of the journal using a nonlinear model to identify the relationships between the three motions. Rotor speed-up and slow-down experiments are then conducted with the rotor system supported by a water lubricated sliding bearing to induce the water-film whirl/whip and verify the relationship. The experimental results show that the vibrations of the journal alternated between increasing and decreasing rather than continuously increasing as the rotational speed increased to twice the first critical speed, which can be explained well by the nonlinear model. The radial growth rate of the whirl motion greatly affects the whirl frequency of the journal and is responsible for the frequency lock in the water-film whip. Further analysis shows that increasing the lubricating water flow rate changes the water-film whirl/whip characteristics, reduces the first critical speed, advances the time when significant water-film whirling motion occurs, and also increases the vibration amplitude at the bearing center which may lead to the rotor-stator rub-impact. The study gives the insight into the water-film whirl and whip in the water lubricated sliding bearing.

关键词： rotor system sliding bearing vibration water-film whip nonlinear

Diverse Chromatic Acclimation Processes Regulating Phycoerythrocyanin and Rod-Shaped Phycobilisome in Cyanobacteria

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Molecular Plant 2019年第8期12卷 715-725页

作者： Yuu Hirose Song Ghihong Mai Watanabe Chinatsu Yonekawa kazuyoshi Murata Masahiko Ikeuchi Toshihiko Eki Department of Environmental and Life Sciences Toyohashi University of Technology1-1 HibarigaokaTempakuToyohashiAichi 441-8580Japan National Institute for Physiological Sciences(NIPS) 38 NishigonakaMyodaijiOkazakiAichi 444-8585Japan Department of Life Sciences(Biology) The University of Tokyo3-8-1 KomabaMeguroTokyo 153-8902Japan

Cyanobacteria have evolved various photoacclimation processes to perform oxygenic photosynthesis under different light environments.Chromatic acclimation(CA)is a widely recognized and ecologically important type of photoacclimation,whereby cyanobacteria alter the absorbing light colors of a supermolecular antenna complex called the phycobilisome.To date,several CA variants that regulate the green-absorbing phycoerythrin(PE)and/or the red-absorbing phycocyanin(PC)within the hemi-discoidal form of phycobilisome have been characterized.In this study,we identified a unique CA regulatory gene cluster encoding yellow-green-absorbing phycoerythrocyanin(PEC)and a rod-membrane linker protein(CpcL)for the rod-shaped form of phycobilisome.Using the cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya sp.PCC 6406,we revealed novel CA variants regulating PEC(CA7)and the rod-shaped phycobilisome(CAO),which maximize yellowgreen light-harvesting capacity and balance the excitation of photosystems,respective!y.Analysis of the distribution of CA gene clusters in 445 cyanobacteria genomes revealed eight CA variants responding to green and red light,which are classified based on the presence of PEC,PE,cpcL,and CA photosensor genes.Phylogenetic analysis further suggested that the emergence of CA7 was a single event and preceded that of heterocystous strains,whereas the acquisition of CAO occurred multiple times.Taken together,these results offer novel insights into the diversity and evolution of the complex cyanobacterial photoacclimation mechanisms.

关键词： cyanobacteria chromatic acclimation cyanobacteriochrome phycobilisome phycoerythrocyanin

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吴也凡的唯美天驹艺术

景德镇陶瓷 2014年第4期24卷 9-11页

作者： Fujii kazuyoshi 也凡陶瓷美术馆

景德镇陶瓷学院教授、景德镇中外陶瓷艺术协会艺术总监吴也凡博士（改革开放后厦门大学最早培养的几批博士之一）系晚清两房进士之后，1953年出身于名门艺术世家，自幼在当地名师指导下勤习书法与绘画，还受过良好的音乐教育。1966年开... 详细信息

景德镇陶瓷学院教授、景德镇中外陶瓷艺术协会艺术总监吴也凡博士（改革开放后厦门大学最早培养的几批博士之一）系晚清两房进士之后，1953年出身于名门艺术世家，自幼在当地名师指导下勤习书法与绘画，还受过良好的音乐教育。1966年开始的文化大革命摧残了一代人的梦想。1968年吴也凡通过亲友介绍在衡阳界牌的瓷厂学习画瓷，此后就一直与陶瓷美术有了不解之缘。文革动乱结束后，举国上下科技兴国，从1980年开始，吴也凡在硕士和博士研究生（当年厦大全校只选拔招录了二名博士生）期间师从美学造诣和国学功底极为高深的世界著名学者蔡启瑞资深院士,受到精心培养。1991年被厦门大学确定为第一批跨世纪学术骨干（全校36人）。他在厦门大学浓厚的人文环境中饱经13年学养，掌握了系统、完整的做学问的方法，他的同期学友很多已成为学术泰斗。早在八十年代初，吴也凡积极参与和组织厦门当地的美术革新和诗社与音乐团体的活动，在热烈的气氛中，才华横溢，出口成章，并用小提琴等乐器进行即兴演奏。1994年初吴也凡作为客座教授受到美国纽约州立大学的举家邀请，到了国外他很快就将全部精力转向陶瓷美术领域。他经常造访国外著名的美术馆、博物馆，研习其技法，探究其美学内涵，广结绘画名流为友，探索光与色的变幻。经高人指点，几十年来他一直坚持对太极、气功的修炼，其直觉和感悟能力极强，对干、湿，对气味，对大地的阴、阳等十分敏感。通过调整阴阳、和畅气血、疏通经络、培益真气，也凡的很多能力都得到了进一步强化。他曾在美国纽约及日本东京画廊潜心陶瓷美术创作十一年。他还对陶瓷茶道具中的禅宗境界及茶道的洗心过程，从文化和技术层面做过深入的研发，对其胎质、釉色与质感及器型把握得恰到好处，充分体现了茶道文化的简素、枯高、幽玄、自然、脱俗、静寂等性格品质。通过将这些陶瓷茶道具向“上流社会雅士”的“让渡”，可使他衣食无忧，潜心于艺术创作。为了体悟佛造像具有的解脱人们的苦闷的像教作用，他沿着丝绸之路上溯到印度本土，原汁原味地体悟了沿途的佛造像和其博大精深的佛学境界。他注意到印度本土关于佛祖释迦牟尼的美术作品，其基本格调都是唯美、温馨的，并以这种唯美的方式“普度众生”，引导人们对真、善、美的追求。从丝绸之路的佛教美术吸收学养，是他的唯美艺术风格形成的重要原因。经过十几年国际艺术大舞台的磨练，吴也凡的艺术经历了蜕变。在工业化的社会里，工作节奏和生活方式越来越磨灭人的天性，人变得越来越彼此冷漠。当代人负荷太重、太累，他并没有直接从正面去刻画这种让人透不过气来的困苦，而是以其作品中的诗境与音乐旋律的交融流动，以唯美的风格使人放松，从而获得精神解脱。西方的写实所采用的焦点透视、光影关系等和自然较为接近，而中国画和诗词、书法、古音律有着极深的渊源关系，是心境的抒发。在东西方绘画传统艺术中吸取营养，再经当代文化艺术基因的重组，才能创造出富于当代气息的陶瓷艺术作品。真正的东西方绘画的融合，是东西方思想的融合，而绝不是东西方绘画技法的简单拼凑、混合、抄袭。在他生活的各个方面都可以看到各种知识的融合，他从事过多方面的前沿科学研究，并将各种学识聚焦汇集到陶瓷美术领域。恩师闽南活佛妙湛法师曾评价吴画说：“也凡积学功夫，作画既重规矩法度，又不忘推尊自成一格之创新。落笔轻清，设色清润，淡而味永，脱去流俗，情韵悠徐,趣造高尚，超然物外，飘飘若飞云映素月，清约自成一家”。

关键词：陶瓷艺术作品景德镇陶瓷美术馆西方绘画茶道文化厦门大学陶瓷美术音乐教育

Helianthus tuberosus(Jerusalem artichoke) tubers improve glucose tolerance and hepatic lipid profile in rats fed a high-fat diet

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第5期10卷 418-422页

作者： Naoto Okada Shinya Kobayashi Kouta Moriyama Kohsuke Miyataka Shinji Abe ChiemiSato kazuyoshi Kawazoe Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice Pedagogy Institute of Biomedical SciencesTokushima University Graduate School Department of Pharmacy Tokushima University Hospital Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokushima University Faculty of Medicine Tokushima University

Objective:To analyze the effects of feeding Helianthus tuberosus(HT) tubers on glucose tolerance and lipid profile in rats fed a high-fat diet(HFD). Methods:A normal HFD or HFD including 10 w/w% HT tubers(HFD + HT) was fed to F334/Jcl rats. After 10 weeks,organ weights,glucose tolerance,and lipid profile were analyzed. Results:The body weight,liver weight,and epidermal fat content in the HFD group were higher than those of the normal group,and similar to those of the HFD + HT group. The oral glucose tolerance test at 10 weeks revealed that the blood glucose level 30 minutes after beginning the test in the HFD + HT group was significantly lower than that in the HFD group. Liver triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in the HFD + HT group were significantly lower than those in the HFD group. Fecal triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in the HFD + HT group were higher than those in the HFD group. Histological analyses revealed that fat and glycogen accumulation increased in the HFD group,but decreased in the HFD + HT group. Conclusions:These results indicate that HT tubers have anti-fatty liver effects based on improvements in glucose tolerance and the hepatic lipid profile.

关键词： Helianthus tuberosus Glucose tolerance Hepatic lipid profile