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Alcoholic pancreatitis:Lessons from the liver

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2010年第11期16卷 1314-1320页

作者： Dahn L Clemens katrina j.Mahan Department of Internal Medicine University of Nebraska Medical Center Research Service Veterans Administration Medical Center

The association between alcohol consumption and pancreatitis has been recognized for over 100 years. Despite the fact that this association is well recognized, the mechanisms by which alcohol abuse leads to pancreatic tissue damage are not entirely clear. Alcohol abuse is the maj.r factor associated with pancreatitis in the Western world. Interestingly, although most cases of chronic pancreatitis and many cases of acute pancreatitis are associated with alcohol abuse, only a small percentage of individuals who abuse alcohol develop this disease. This situation is reminiscent of the association between alcohol abuse and the incidence of alcoholic liver disease. The liver and the pancreas are developmentally very closely related. Even though these two organs are quite different, they exhibit a number of general structural and functional similarities. Furthermore, the diseases mediated by alcohol abuse in these organs exhibit some striking similarities. The diseases in both organs are characterized by parenchymal cell damage, activation of stellate cells, aberrant wound healing, and fibrosis. Because of the similarities between the liver and the pancreas, and the alcohol-associated diseases of these organs, we may be able to apply much of the knowledge that we have gained regarding the effects of alcohol on the liver to the pancreas.

关键词： Alcoholic pancreatitis Alcohol metabolism Stellate cells Fibrosis

DOCK8 regulates signal transduction events to control immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第5期14卷 406-411页

作者： Conor j.Kearney katrina L Randall j.ne Oliaro Immune Defence Laboratory Cancer Immunology Division The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre East Melbourne Victoria 3002 Australia Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease The John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Acton Australian Capital Territory 2601 Australia Australian National University Medical School Australian National University Acton Australian Capital Territory 2605 Australia

Genetic mutations in the gene encoding DOCK8 cause an autosomal recessive form of hyper immunoglobulin E syndrome （AR-HIES）, referred to as DOCK8 deficiency. DOCK8 deficiency in humans results in the onset of combined immunodeficiency disease （CID）, clinically associated with chronic infections with diverse microbial pathogens, and a predisposition to malignancy. It is now becoming clear that DOCK8 regulates the function of diverse immune cell sub-types, particularly lymphocytes, to drive both innate and adaptive immune responses. Early studies demonstrated that DOCK8 is required for lymphocyte survival, migration and immune synapse formation, which translates to poor pathogen control in the absence of DOCK8. However, more recent advances have pointed to a crucial role for DOCK8 in regulating the signal transduction events that control transcriptional activity, cytokine production and functional polarization of immune cells. Here, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of DOCK8 function, paying particular attention to an emerging role as a signaling intermediate to promote immune responses to diverse external stimuli.

关键词： DOCK8 immunodeficiency lymphocytes NK Cells signal transduction

Insights into the role of j.smonic acid-mediated defenses against necrotrophic and biotrophic fungal pathogens

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Frontiers in Biology 2012年第1期7卷 48-56页

作者： Christopher j. ANTICO Chad COLON Taylor BANKS katrina M. RAMONELL Department of Biological Sciences University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA

j.smonic acid （j.） is a natural hormone regulator involved in development, responses against woundingand pathogen attack. Upon perception of pathogens, j. is synthesized and mediates a signaling cascade initiating various defense responses. Traditionally, necrotrophic fungi have been shown to be the primary activators of j.- dependent defenses through the j.-receptor, COIl. Conversely, plants infected with biotrophic fungi have classically been associated with suppressing j.-mediated responses. However, recent evidence has shown that certain biotrophic fungal species also trigger activation of j.-mediated responses and mutants deficient in j. signaling show an increase in susceptibility to certain biotrophic fungal pathogens. These findings suggest a new role for j. in defense against fungal biotrophs. This review will focus on recent research advancing our knowledge of j.-dependant responses involved in defense against both biotrophic and necrotrophic fungi.

关键词： j.smonic acid (j.) methyl j.smonate (Mej.) biotrophic fungi necrotrophic fungi COIl

Importance of bifurcation angle in bifurcation stenting

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Chinese Medical j.urnal 2012年第22期125卷 4122-4125页

作者： Dobrin Vassilev Alexander Alexandrov Dan Le katrina Nguyen j.mes Nguyen Hung Phan Robert j. Gil Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory National Heart HospitalSofiaBulgaria"Medikacor"Heart HospitalRuseBulgaria Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory National Heart HospitalSofiaBulgaria Heart Failure Program the University of Alabama in Birmingham(UAB)BirminghamAlabamaUSA University of California at San Diego San DiegoCaliforniaUSA The University of Arizona Medical Center TucsonArizonaUSA Department of Medicine Weiss Memorial HospitalChicago IllinoisUSA Central Clinical Hospital of the Internal Affairs and Administration Ministry WarsawPolandInstitute of Experimental and Practical MedicinePolish Academy of ScienceWarsawPoland

Bifurcation coronary lesions are relatively frequent in today＇s interventional cardiology practice, averaging between 10%-15% of all interventions （PCIs）. Several percutaneous coronary problems inherent in the treatment of bifurcation lesions are periprocedural side branch （SB） compromise （composite of SB closure or appearance of significant ostial stenosis after main vessel （MV） stenting causing ischemia） frequently related to periprocedural myonecrosis,

关键词： bifurcation angle stenting

Can non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae carriage surveillance data infer antimicrobial resistance associated with otitis media?

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Pediatric Investigation 2023年第1期7卷 13-22页

作者： Sophia Bowman-Derrick Tegan M.Harris j.mima Beissbarth Mariana Kleinecke katrina Lawrence Teresa M.Wozniak Amy Bleakley Angela Rumaseb Michael j.Binks Robyn L.Marsh Peter S.Morris Amanda j.Leach Heidi Smith-Vaughan Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin UniversityDarwinAustralia Australian e-Health Research Centre CSIRO BrisbaneAustralia Royal Darwin Hospital DarwinAustralia

Importance:In remote communities of the Northern Territory,Australia,children experience high rates of otitis media(OM),commonly caused by non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae(NTHi).Few data exist on antibiotic susceptibility of NTHi from ***:To determine whether population-level nasopharyngeal NTHi antibiotic susceptibility data could inform antibiotic treatment for ***:NTHi isolates(n=92)collected from ear discharge between 2003 and 2013 were selected to time-and age-match NTHi isolates from the nasopharyngeal carriage(n=95).Antimicrobial susceptibility were *** trees and a genome-wide association study(GWAS)were performed to determine the similarity of nasopharyngeal and ear isolates at a population ***:Among 174 NTHi isolates available for antimicrobial susceptibility testing,10.3%(18/174)were resistant to ampicillin and 9.2%(16/174)were resistant to *** numbers of isolates(≤3)were resistant to tetracycline,chloramphenicol,or amoxicillin-clavulanic *** was no statistical difference in the proportion of ampicillin-resistant(P=0.11)or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-resistant isolates(P=0.70)between ear discharge and nasopharynx-derived NTHi *** multi-drug resistant NTHi isolates were *** trees showed no clustering of 187 Haemophilus influenzae isolates based on anatomical niche(nasopharynx or ear discharge),and no genetic variations that distinguished NTHi derived from ear discharge and nasopharyngeal carriage were evident in the ***:In this population-level study,nasopharyngeal and ear discharge isolates did not represent distinct microbial *** results support tracking of population-level nasopharyngeal NTHi antibiotic resistance patterns to inform clinical management of OM in this population.

关键词： Haemophilus influenzae Otitis media Antimicrobial resistance

Effect of vapour pressure deficit on gas exchange of field‑grown cotton

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j.urnal of Cotton Research 2021年第4期4卷 337-346页

作者： BROUGHTON katrina j. PAYTON Paxton TAN Daniel K.Y. TISSUE David T. BANGE Michael P. CSIRO Agriculture and Food Locked Bag 59NarrabriNSWAustralia Plant Breeding Institute Sydney Institute of AgricultureSchool of Life and Environmental SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Hawkesbury CampusWestern Sydney UniversityPenrithNSWAustralia United States Department of Agriculture Cropping Systems Research LaboratoryLubbockTXUSA

Background:Plants respond to changes in vapour pressure deficit(VPD)between the leaf and the atmosphere through changes in stomatal response,which can consequently affect transpiration,photosynthesis,and leaf-level water use *** proj.cted warmer air temperatures,changes in rainfall distribution and altered VPD in future climates,it is important to understand the potential effect of VPD on leaf-level physiology of field-grown *** aim of this study was to assess the impact of altered VPD on leaf-level physiology of field-grown cotton to improve the current understanding of the plant-by-environment interaction,thereby contributing to validation and improvement of physiological and yield response *** VPD environments in the field were generated by planting cotton on three dates within the sowing window(early-season(S1)=5th October 2011;mid-season(S2)=9th November 2011;and late-season(S3)=30th November 2011).VPD was also modified by altering crop ***:VPDL accounted for the largest proportion of the explained variation in both stomatal conductance(32%∼39%)and photosynthetic(16%∼29%)responses of ***,smaller percentages of variation were attributed to other main factors such as the individual plant(Plant),and accumulated temperature stress hours(ASH;a measure of plant water status over time)and interactive factors,including leaf vapour pressure deficit(VPDL)×Plant and Plant×ASH;however,a proportion of variation was *** addition,the Asat/E(instantaneous transpiration efficiency,ITE)model developed based on cotton grown in the glasshouse was applied to cotton grown in the *** found that the modelled Asat/E and field-measured Asat/E were very similar,suggesting that the mechanistic basis for ITE was similar in both ***:This study highlights the importance of accounting for VPD in climate change research,given that stomata are highly responsive to changes in *** experiment pr

关键词： Climate change Gossypium hirsutum Physiology VPD

Discovering the roles of subsurface microorganisms: Progress and future of deep biosphere investigation

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第4期58卷 456-467页

作者： WANG FengPing LU ShuLin ORCUTT Beth N XIE Wei CHEN Ying XIAO Xiang EDWARDS katrina j State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong University Center for Geomicrobiology Aarhus University Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences 60 Bigelow Drive School of Ocean and Earth Sciences Tongji University The University of Southern California Departments of Biological & Earth Sciences

The discovery of the marine "deep biosphere"-microorganisms living deep below the seafloor-is one of the most significant and exciting discoveries since the ocean drilling program began more than 40 years ago. Study of the deep biosphere has become a research frontier and a hot spot both for geological and biological sciences. Here, we introduce the history of the discovery of the deep biosphere, and then we describe the types of environments for life below the seafloor, the energy sources for the living creatures, the diversity of organisms within the deep biosphere, and the new tools and technologies used in this research field. We will highlight several recently completed Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expeditions, which targeted the subseafloor deep biosphere within the crust and sediments. Finally, future research directions and challenges of deep biosphere investigation towards uncovering the roles of subsurface microorganisms will be briefly addressed.

关键词：深部生物圈地下微生物综合大洋钻探计划深海底生物科学多样性沉积物海洋

Divergent male and female mate preferences do not explain incipient speciation between lizard lineages

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Current Zoology 2020年第5期66卷 485-492页

作者： Claire A.McLean Richard A.Bartle Caroline M.Dong katrina j.Rankin Devi Stuart-Fox School of BioSciences The University of MelbourneParkville VIC 3010Australia Sciences Department Museums VictoriaCarlton VIC 3053Australia

Diversification in sexual signals is often taken as evidenee for the importance of sexual selection in speciatio ***,in order for sexual selection to gen erate reproductive isolati on between populations,both signals and mate preferences must diverge ***,assortative mating may result from multiple behavioral mecha nisms,in eluding female mate pref ere nces,male mate preferences,and male-male competition;yet their relative contributions are rarely ***,we explored the role of mate pref ere nces and male competitive ability as pote ntial barriers to gene flow between 2 diverge nt lineages of the taw ny dragon lizard,Ctenophorus decresii,which differ in male throat *** found stronger behavioral barriers to pairings between southern lineage males and northern lineage females than between northern males and southern females,indicating incomplete and asymmetric behavioral isolating *** results were driven by both male and female mate preferences rather than lineage differences in male competitive *** trasexual selecti on is therefore un likely to drive the outcome of sec on dary contact in ***,despite its widely ack no wledged importa nee in *** results are consiste nt with the emergi ng view that although both male and female mate pref ere nces can diverge alongside sexual signals,speciation is rarely driven by divergent sexual selection alone.

关键词： Ctenophorus decresii hybridization male-male competition secondary contact sexual selection

Comparison of ultrasound-measured properties of the common carotid artery to tobacco smoke exposure in a cohort of Indonesian patients

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World j.urnal of Emergency Medicine 2017年第3期8卷 177-183页

作者： allen R.Yu Bima Hasj.m Luke E.Yu Christopher Gabriel Alexander Anshus j.nathan B.Lee Michael j. Louthan Esther C.Kim katrina Lee Christina Tse Thomas Keown Shadi Lahham Maili Alvarado Steven Bunch Abdulatif Gari j.Christian Fox School of Medicine University of California Department of Emergency Medicine University of California

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to use point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS) to investigate the relationship between tobacco smoke exposure and the characteristics of the common carotid artery(CCA). The effect of both primary and secondary smoking on CCA properties was ***: We performed a prospective cross-sectional study across 20 primary care clinics in Bandung, West j.va, Indonesia in j.ly 2016. Point of care ultrasound was performed on a convenience sample of Indonesian patients presenting to clinic. The CCA wall stiffness and carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT) were measured during diastole and systole. These measurements were correlated with smoke exposure and cardiovascular ***: We enrolled 663 patients in the study, with 426 patients enrolled in the smoking category and 237 patients enrolled in the second-hand smoke category. There was an overall positive correlation with the measured lifestyle factors and the ultrasound-measured variables in the group of individuals who smoked. For all variables, age seemed to contribute the most out of all of the lifestyle factors for the positive changes in CIMT and CCA wall ***: Our data yielded correlations between CCA properties and cardiovascular risk, as well as between CIMT and arterial stiffness. We were also able to demonstrate an increase in thickness of the CIMT in patients who have been exposed by tobacco through the use of ultrasound. Further large scale studies comparing patients with multiple cardiac risk factors need to be performed to confi rm the utility of ultrasound fi ndings of cardiovascular disease and stroke.

关键词： Carotid artery thickness Point of care ultrasound Indonesia Intimal thickness