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Genetic variability of the stable fly assessed on a global scale using amplified fragment length polymorphism

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Insect Science 2016年第5期23卷 695-703页

作者： kathleen M Kneeland Steven R. Skoda John e. Foster Department of entomology 103 Entomology Haft University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE 68583 USDA-ARS-KBUSLIRL Screwworm Research Unit 2700 Fredericksburg Road Kern/ille TX 78028 USA

The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans （L.）（Diptera： Muscidae）, is a blood-feeding, economically important pest of animals and humans worldwide. Improved management strategies are essential and their development would benefit from studies on genetic di- versity of stable flies. especially if done on a global scale, such research could generate information necessary for the development and application of more efficient control meth- ods. Herein we report on a genetic study of stable flies using amplified fragment length polymorphism, with samples of 10-40 individuals acquired from a total of 25 locations in the Nearctic, Neotropic, Palearctic, Afrotropic and Australasian biogeographical regions. We hypothesized that genetic differentiation would exist across geographical barriers. Although Fsx （0.33） was moderately high, the Gsx （0.05; representing genetic diversity between individuals） was very low; Nm values （representing gene flow） were high （9.36）. The mismatch distribution and tests of neutrality suggested population expansion, with no genetic differentiation between locations. The analysis of molecular variance （AMOVA） results showed the majority of genetic diversity was within groups. The mantel test showed no correlation between geographic and genetic distance; this strongly supports the AMOVA results. These results suggest that stable flies did not show genetic differentiation but are panmictic, with no evidence of isolation by distance or across geographical barriers.

关键词： AFLP biting flies external parasites genetic diversity livestock pests Stomoxys calcitrans

Tight junction disruption: Helicobacter pylori and dysregulation of the gastric mucosal barrier

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第40期21卷 11411-11427页

作者： Tyler J Caron kathleen e Scott James G Fox Susan J Hagen Department of Surgery Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School Division of Comparative Medicine Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Long-term chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is a risk factor for gastric cancer development. In the multi-step process that leads to gastric cancer,tight junction dysfunction is thought to occur and serve as a risk factor by permitting the permeation of luminal contents across an otherwise tight mucosa. Mechanisms that regulate tight junction function and structure in the normal stomach,or dysfunction in the infected stomach,however,are largely unknown. Although conventional tight junction components are expressed in gastric epithelial cells,claudins regulate paracellular permeability and are likely the target of inflammation or H. pylori itself. There are 27 different claudin molecules,each with unique properties that render the mucosa an intact barrier that is permselective in a way that is consistent with cell physiology. Understanding the architecture of tight junctions in the normal stomach and then changes that occur during infection is important but challenging,because most of the reports that catalog claudin expression in gastric cancer pathogenesis are contradictory. Furthermore,the role of H. pylori virulence factors,such as cytotoxin-associated gene A and vacoulating cytotoxin,in regulating tight junction dysfunction during infection is inconsistent in different gastric cell lines and in vivo,likely because non-gastric epithelial cell cultures were initially used to unravel the details of their effects on the stomach. Hampering further study,as well,is the relative lack of cultured cell models that have tight junction claudins that are consistent with native tissues. This summary will review the current state of knowledge about gastric tight junctions,normally and in H. pylori infection,and make predictions about the consequences of claudin reorganization during H. pylori infection.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Tight junction Claudins Parace

The electrochemical detection of bioterrorism agents: a review of the detection, diagnostics, and implementation of sensors in biosafety programs for Class A bioweapons

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第1期7卷 21-39页

作者： Connor O’Brien kathleen Varty Anna Ignaszak Department of Chemistry University of New Brunswick30 Dineen DriveFrederictonNB E3B 5A3Canada

During the past year,disease has shown us the iron grip it can hold over a population of *** systems can be overwhelmed,economies can be brought into recession,and many people can be harmed or *** weaponized,diseases can be manipulated to create a detriment to health while becoming an economic burden on any *** is consequently prudent that easy detection of bioweapons is available to governments for protecting their *** sensing displays many distinct advantages,such as its low limit of detection,low cost to run,rapid generation of results,and in many instances *** therefore present a wide array of electrochemical sensing platforms currently being fabricated,a brief summary of Class A bioweapons,and the potential future of bioweapon detection and biosafety.

关键词： electrochemical instance programs

An aqueous 2.1 V pseudocapacitor with MXene and V-MnO_(2) electrodes

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Nano Research 2022年第1期15卷 535-541页

作者： Jiabin Wu Qun Li Christopher e.Shuck kathleen Maleski Husam N.Alshareef Jun Zhou Yury Gogotsi Liang Huang Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Materials Science and engineering and A./.Drexel Nanomaterials Institute Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvania 19104USA Materials Science and engineering Physical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

MXenes have shown record-breaking redox capacitance in aqueous electrolytes,but in a limited voltage window due to oxidation under anodic potential and hydrogen evolution under high cathodic *** Ti3C2Tx Xene negative electrode with RuO_(2) or carbon-based positive electrodes expanded the voltage window in sulfuric acid electrolyte to about 1.5 ***,we present an asymmetric pseudocapacitor using abundant and eco-friendly vanadium doped MnO_(2) as the positive and Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx MXene as the negative electrode in a neutral 1M Li2SO4 *** all-pseudocapacitive asymmetric device not only uses a safer electrolyte and is a much less expensive counter-electrode than RuO_(2),but also can operate within a 2.1 V voltage window,leading to a maximum energy density of 46 Wh/*** study also demonstrates the possibility of using MXene electrodes to expand the working voltage window of traditional redox-capable materials.

关键词： MXene pseudocapacitors metal oxides supercapacitors manganese oxide

Increased locomotor activity in estrogen-treated ovariectomized rats is associated with nucleus accumbens dopamine and is not reduced by dietary sodium deprivation

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第6期13卷 783-794页

作者： enith eSPINOSA kathleen S.CURTIS Oklahoma State University-Center for Health Sciences TulsaOklahomaUSA

estrogens are well known to increase locomotor activity in laboratory rodents;however,the underlying mechanism remains *** used voluntary wheel running by female rats as an index of locomotor behavior to investigate this *** first determined whether the estrogen-induced increase in locomotion was susceptible to inhibition by a physiological challenge,and next whether it was associated with dopaminergic activation in the central reward area,nucleus *** rats were given estradiol or the oil vehicle and housed in cages with or without running *** rats were given regular rodent chow for 1 week,a sodium-deficient diet for the next week,and then were returned to a regular diet for another *** the end of the last week,all rats were killed,brains were extracted and dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens were *** expected,estradiol treatment increased distance ***,dietary sodium deprivation further increased running,but this appeared to be related to experience with wheel running,rather than to sodium deprivation,per *** was greater in the nucleus accumbens of estradiol-treated rats that ran compared to all other ***,the estrogen-induced increase in locomotion is a robust phenomenon that is not inhibited by a body sodium challenge and is associated with elevated levels of dopamine in reward *** findings raise the possibility that the estrogen-induced increase in locomotor activity,which occurs during a hormonal milieu conducive to reproduction,may reflect mate-seeking behavior and,thereby,maximize reproductive success.

关键词： locomotor activity reproductive hormones reward pathways

Genome of tetraploid sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) ‘Montmorency’ identifies three distinct ancestral Prunus genomes

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Horticulture Research 2023年第7期10卷 22-39页

作者： Charity Z.Goeckeritz kathleen e.Rhoades Kevin L.Childs Amy F.Iezzoni Robert VanBuren Courtney A.Hollender Department of Horticulture Michigan State University1066 Bogue StEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Plant Biology Michigan State University612 Wilson RoadEast LansingMI 48824USA

Sour cherry(Prunus cerasus L.)is a valuable fruit crop in the Rosaceae family and a hybrid between progenitors closely related to extant Prunus fruticosa(ground cherry)and Prunus avium(sweet cherry).Here we report a chromosome-scale genome assembly for sour cherry cultivar Montmorency,the predominant cultivar grown in the *** also generated a draft assembly of *** to use alongside a published *** sequence for syntelog-based subgenome assignments for‘Montmorency’and provide compelling evidence *** is also an *** hierarchal k-mer clustering and phylogenomics,we show‘Montmorency’is trigenomic,containing two distinct subgenomes inherited from a ***-like ancestor(A and A’)and two copies of the same subgenome inherited from a ***-like ancestor(BB).The genome composition of‘Montmorency’is AA’BB and little-to-no recombination has occurred between progenitor subgenomes(A/A’and B).In Prunus,two known classes of genes are important to breeding strategies:the self-incompatibility loci(S-alleles),which determine compatible crosses,successful fertilization,and fruit set,and the Dormancy Associated MADS-box genes(DAMs),which strongly affect dormancy transitions and flowering *** S-alleles and DAMs in‘Montmorency’and *** were manually annotated and support subgenome ***,the hybridization event‘Montmorency’is descended from was estimated to have occurred less than 1.61 million years ago,making sour cherry a relatively recent ***‘Montmorency’genome highlights the evolutionary complexity of the genus Prunus and will inform future breeding strategies for sour cherry,comparative genomics in the Rosaceae,and questions regarding neopolyploidy.

关键词： Prunus cherry breeding

Analysis of air quality variability in Shanghai using AOD and API data in the recent decade

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Frontiers of earth Science 2013年第2期7卷 159-168页

作者： Qing ZHAO Wei GAO Weining XIANG Runhe SHI Chaoshun LIU Tianyong ZHAI Hung-lung Allen HUANG Liam e. GUMLeY kathleen STRABALA Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of education) East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China Joint Laboratory for environmental Remote Sensing and Data Assimilation ECNU&CEODE Colorado State University Shanghai 200062 China Colorado State University Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory Fort Collins Colorado 80521 USA Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban ecology and Sustainability East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China University of Wisconsin-Madison Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS) Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA

We use the aerosol optical depth （AOD） measured by the moderate resolution imaging spectrometer （MOD1S） onboard the Terra satellite, air pollution index （API） daily data measured by the Shanghai environmental Monitoring Center （SeMC）, and the ensemble empirical mode decomposition （eeMD） method to analyze the air quality variability in Shanghai in the recent decade. The results indicate that a trend with amplitude of 1.0 is a dominant component for the AOD variability in the recent decade. During the World expo 2010, the average AOD level reduced 30% in comparison to the long-term trend. Two dominant annual components decreased 80% and 100%. This implies that the air quality in Shanghai was remarkably improved, and environmental initiatives and comprehensive actions for effective. AOD and API reducing air pollution are variability analysis results indicate that semi-annual and annual signals are dominant components implying that the monsoon weather is a dominant factor in modulating the AOD and API variability. The variability of AOD and API in selected districts located in both downtown and suburban areas shows similar trends; i.e., in 2000 the AOD began a monotonic increase, reached the maxima around 2006, then monotonically decreased to 2011 and from around 2006 the API started to decrease till 2011. This indicates that the air quality in the entire Shanghai area, whether urban or suburban areas, has remarkably been improved. The AOD improved degrees （IDS） in all the selected districts are （8.6±1.9）%, and API IDS are （9.2±7.1）%, ranging from a minimum value of 1.5% for Putuo District to a maximum value of 22% for Xuhui District.

关键词： air quality of Shanghai MODIS AOD API eeMD method World expo 2010

D614G and SARS-CoV-2 replication fitness

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第4期6卷 1073-1074页

作者： kathleen D.engelman Alan N.engelman MassBiologics University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology Dana-Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMAUSA Department of Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Molecular determinants of SARS-CoV-2 replication fitness and sensitivity to neutralization via the humoral immune response critically inform efforts to combat the COVID-19 *** published recently by Plante et *** Natur... 详细信息

关键词： al. processes. D61

eeG/eRP evidence of possible hyperexcitability in older adults with elevated beta-amyloid

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 835-844页

作者： Hannes Devos kathleen Gustafson Ke Liao Pedram Ahmadnezhad Bradley estes Laura e.Martin Jonathan D.Mahnken William M.Brooks Jeffrey M.Burns Department of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Scienceand Athletic TrainingUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Department of Neurology University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Hoglund Biomedical Imaging Center University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Department of Population Health University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Department of Biostatistics and Data Science University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Center University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA.

Background: Although growing evidence links beta-amyloid (Aβ) and neuronal hyperexcitability in preclinical mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a similar association in humans is yet to be established. The first aim of the study was to determine the association between elevated Aβ (Aβ+) and cognitive processes measured by the P3 event-related potential (eRP) in cognitively normal (CN) older adults. The second aim was to compare the event- related power between CNAβ+ and CNAβ−. Methods: Seventeen CNAβ+ participants (age: 73 ± 5, 11 females, Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA] score 26 ± 2) and 17 CNAβ- participants group-matched for age, sex, and MOCA completed a working memory task (n-back with n = 0, 1, 2) test while wearing a 256-channel electro-encephalography net. P3 peak amplitude and latency of the target, nontarget and task difference effect (nontarget−target), and event-related power in the delta, theta, alpha, and beta bands, extracted from Fz, Cz, and Pz, were compared between groups using linear mixed models. P3 ampli-tude of the task difference effect at Fz and event-related power in the delta band were considered main outcomes. Correlations of mean Aβ standard uptake value ratios (SUVR) using positron emission tomography with P3 amplitude and latency of the task difference effect were analyzed using Pearson Correlation Coefficient r. Results: The P3 peak amplitude of the task difference effect at Fz was lower in the CNAβ+ group (P = 0.048). Simi-larly, power was lower in the delta band for nontargets at Fz in the CNAβ+ participants (P = 0.04). The CNAβ+ partici-pants also demonstrated higher theta and alpha power in channels at Cz and Pz, but no changes in P3 eRP. Strong correlations were found between the mean Aβ SUVR and the latency of the 1-back (r = − 0.69;P = 0.003) and 2-back (r = − 0.69;P = 0.004) of the task difference effect at channel Fz in the CNAβ+ group. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the elevated amyloid in cognitively normal ol

关键词： event-related potentials electro-encephalography Working memory Older adults Preclinical Beta-amyloid