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Assessment of molecular markers and marker-assisted selection for drought tolerance in barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 20-38页

作者： Akmaral Baidyussen Gulmira Khassanova Maral Utebayev Satyvaldy Jatayev Rystay Kushanova Sholpan Khalbayeva Aigul Amangeldiyeva Raushan Yerzhebayeva KulpashBulatova Carly Schramm Peter Anderson Colin L.d.Jenkins kathleen LSoole Yuri Shavrukov Faculty of Agronomy S.Seifullin Kazakh AgroTechnical Research UniversityAstana 010000Kazakhstan A.I.Barayev Research and Production Centre of Grain Farming Shortandy 021601Kazakhstan Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing AlmalybakAlmaty District 040909Kazakhstan College of Science and Engineering Biological SciencesFlinders UniversityAdelaideSA 5042Australia

This review updates the present status of the field of molecular markers and marker-assisted selection(MAS),using the example of drought tolerance in *** accuracy of selected quantitative trait loci(QTLs),candidate genes and suggested markers was assessed in the barley genome *** common strategies are described for molecular marker development,candidate gene identification and verification,and their possible applications in MAS to improve the grain yield and yield components in barley under drought *** strategies are based on the following five principles:(1)Molecular markers are designated as genomic‘tags’,and their‘prediction’is strongly dependent on their distance from a candidate gene on genetic or physical maps;(2)plants react differently under favourable and stressful conditions or depending on their stage of development;(3)each candidate gene must be verified by confirming its expression in the relevant conditions,e.g.,drought;(4)the molecular marker identified must be validated for MAS for tolerance to drought stress and improved grain yield;and(5)the small number of molecular markers realized for MAS in breeding,from among the many studies targeting candidate genes,can be explained by the complex nature of drought stress,and multiple stress-responsive genes in each barley genotype that are expressed differentially depending on many other factors.

关键词： barley candidate genes drought tolerance gene verification via expression grain yield marker-assisted selection(MAS) molecular markers quantitative trait loci(QTLs) strategy for MAS

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Storylines of family medicine Ⅰ:framing family medicine–history,values and perspectives

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S3期12卷 2-11页

作者： William B Ventres Leslie A Stone kathleen T Rowland Richard H Streiffer Michael d Macechko Julia A Roulier Jeffrey M Borkan Larry A Green Family and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Family and Preventive Medicine Rush Medical College of Rush UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA College of Community Health Sciences University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAlabamaUSA UAMS Northwest Regional Campus Family Medicine Residency Program FayettevilleArkansasUSA UAMS North Central Regional Campus Family Medicine Residency Program BatesvilleArkansasUSA Family Medicine Brown University Warren Alpert Medical SchoolProvidenceRhode IslandUSA University of Colorado School of Medicine AuroraColoradoUSA

Storylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine,as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅰ:framing family medicine—history,values,and perspectives’,the authors address the following themes:‘Notes on Storylines of Family Medicine’,‘Family medicine—the generalist specialty’,‘Family medicine’s achievements—a glass half full assessment’,‘Family medicine’s next 50 years—toward filling our glasses’,‘Four enduring truths of family medicine’,‘Names matter’,‘Family medicine at its core’and‘The ecology of medical care.’May readers find much food for thought in these essays.

关键词： glasses illustration Notes

Application of plant dNA metabarcoding of lake sediments for monitoring vegetation compositions on the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第11期67卷 3594-3609页

作者： Kai WU Kai LI Weihan JIA kathleen R.STOOF-LEICHSENRING Ulrike HERZSCHUH Jian NI Mengna LIAO Fang TIAN College of Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal University Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems Research Group Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Institute of Environmental Science and Geography University of Potsdam Institute of Biochemistry and Biology University of Potsdam College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal University

Benefiting from the rapid development of environmental dNA(edNA) technologies, sedimentary dNA(seddNA)emerges as a promising tool for monitoring plant compositions in remote regions. The Tibetan Plateau(TP), renowned for its harsh environment and numerous ponds and lakes, presents a potentially demanding region for the application of seddNA on vegetation investigations. Here, we used the g and h universal primers for the P6 loop region of the chloroplast trn L(UAA)intron to amplify plant dNA in surface sediments from 59 ponds and small lakes on the southwestern TP. The applicability and limitations of using plant dNA metabarcoding for modern vegetation monitoring and palaeo-vegetation reconstructions have been assessed by comparing seddNA, pollen, and vegetation survey data. Our results showed that plant dNA metabarcoding recorded 186 terrestrial taxa, of which 30.1% can be identified at the species level. The plant seddNA approach can effectively disclose the dominant plant taxa(including Asteraceae, Cyperaceae and Poaceae) and significant vegetation assemblages in the vicinity of the investigated sites. The number of taxa and taxonomic resolution of plant seddNA exceeded that of pollen analysis(75 taxa detected, 5.3% can be identified at species level). Unlike pollen that retains a broad spectrum of regional plant signals(including Pinus and Artemisia), plant seddNA mirrors very local plants, underscoring its utility in local vegetation monitoring and reconstructions. To conclude, plant dNA metabarcoding of(small) lake sediments warrant increased attention in the future for local vegetation monitoring and reconstructions on the TP.

关键词： Sedimentary dNA (seddNA) Metabarcoding Pollen Vegetation composition Tibetan Plateau

Elucidating regulatory processes of intense physical activity by multi-omics analysis

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Military Medical Research 2024年第4期11卷 479-499页

作者： Ernesto S.Nakayasu Marina A.Gritsenko Young-Mo Kim Jennifer E.Kyle Kelly G.Stratton Carrie d.Nicora Nathalie Munoz kathleen M.Navarro daniel Claborne Yuqian Gao Karl K.Weitz Vanessa L.Paurus Kent J.Bloodsworth Kelsey A.Allen Lisa M.Bramer Fernando Montes kathleen A.Clark Grant Tietje Justin Teeguarden Kristin E.Burnum-Johnson Biological Sciences division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Environmental and Molecular Sciences division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Centers for disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthWestern States DivisionDenverCO 80204USA Computational Analytics division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA National Security directorate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Los Angeles County Fire department Los AngelesCA 90063USA Centers for disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthRespiratory Health DivisionMorgantownWV 26505USA Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA

Background:Physiological and biochemical processes across tissues of the body are regulated in response to the high demands of intense physical activity in several occupations,such as firefighting,law enforcement,military,and sports.A better understanding of such processes can ultimately help improve human performance and prevent illnesses in the work ***:To study regulatory processes in intense physical activity simulating real-life conditions,we performed a multi-omics analysis of 3 biofluids(blood plasma,urine,and saliva)collected from 11 wildland firefighters before and after a 45 min,intense exercise *** profiles ***-exercise were compared by Student’s t-test followed by pathway analysis and comparison between the different omics ***:Our multi-omics analysis identified and quantified 3835 proteins,730 lipids and 182 metabolites combining the 3 different types of *** blood plasma analysis revealed signatures of tissue damage and acute repair response accompanied by enhanced carbon metabolism to meet energy *** urine analysis showed a strong,concomitant regulation of 6 out of 8 identified proteins from the renin-angiotensin system supporting increased excretion of catabolites,reabsorption of nutrients and maintenance of fluid *** saliva,we observed a decrease in 3 pro-inflammatory cytokines and an increase in 8 antimicrobial peptides.A systematic literature review identified 6 papers that support an altered susceptibility to respiratory ***:This study shows simultaneous regulatory signatures in biofluids indicative of homeostatic maintenance during intense physical activity with possible effects on increased infection susceptibility,suggesting that caution against respiratory diseases could benefit workers on highly physical demanding jobs.

关键词： Multi-omics analysis Intense exercise Human performance Biofluids Metabolism Immunity

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Influence of cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition on resting and post-exercise indices of vascular health in young adults

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第1期6卷 54-62页

作者： Rian Q.Landers-Ramos kathleen dondero Ian Imery Nicholas Reveille Hannah A.Zabriskie devon A.dobrosielski Towson University Department of KinesiologyTowsonMDUSA University of Maryland School of Medicine Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation SciencesBaltimoreMDUSA Johns Hopkins University Department of Cell BiologyBaltimoreMDUSA University of Florida Department of Applied Physiology and KinesiologyGainesvilleFLUSA

Poor cardiorespiratory fitness may mediate vascular impairments at rest and following an acute bout of exercise in young healthy *** study aimed to compare flow mediated dilation(FMd)and vascular augmentation index(AIx75)between young adults with low,moderate,and high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness before and after an acute bout of aerobic ***-three participants(22 men;21 women)between 18 and 29 years of age completed the *** were classified into low,moderate,and high health-related cardiorespiratory fitness groups according to age-and sex-based relative maximal oxygen consumption(V_O2 max)percentile *** was performed using doppler ultrasound and AIx75 was performed using pulse wave analysis at baseline and 60-min after a 30-min bout of treadmill running at 70%V_O2 max.A significant interaction(p=0.047;ηp 2=0.142)was observed,with the moderate fitness group exhibiting a higher FMd post-exercise compared with baseline([6.7%3.1%]vs.[8.5%2.8%],p=0.028;d=0.598).We found a significant main effect of group for AIx75(p=0.023;ηp 2=0.168),with the high fitness group exhibiting lower AIx75 compared to low fitness group([10%10%]vs.[2%10%],respectively,p=0.019;g=1.07).This was eliminated after covarying for body fat percentage(p=0.489).Our findings suggest that resting FMd and AIx75 responses are not significantly influenced by cardiorespiratory fitness,but FMd recovery responses to exercise may be enhanced in individuals with moderate cardiorespiratory fitness levels.

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Flow mediated dilation Augmentation index Vascular Acute exercise Body composition

湖泊沉积植物dNA宏条形码技术在青藏高原植被调查中的应用

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中国科学:地球科学 2024年第11期54卷 3629-3646页

作者：吴铠李凯贾伟瀚 kathleen R.STOOF-LEICHSENRING Ulrike HERZSCHUH 倪健廖梦娜田芳浙江师范大学生命科学学院 Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems Research Group Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Institute of Environmental Science and Geography University of Potsdam Institute of Biochemistry and Biology University of Potsdam 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院

得益于环境dNA技术的快速发展,沉积dNA(seddNA)正在成为偏远地区植被监测和调查的便捷方法,并具有较大的发展潜力.青藏高原气候环境条件恶劣,同时小型湖泊众多,利用seddNA进行植被调查不仅有助于了解高原现代植被状况,也是进行高原古植... 详细信息

得益于环境dNA技术的快速发展,沉积dNA(seddNA)正在成为偏远地区植被监测和调查的便捷方法,并具有较大的发展潜力.青藏高原气候环境条件恶劣,同时小型湖泊众多,利用seddNA进行植被调查不仅有助于了解高原现代植被状况,也是进行高原古植被重建的潜在需求.本研究以中国青藏高原西南部59个泡子/湖泊表层沉积物为研究对象,使用通用植物引物g-h扩增叶绿体trn L(UAA)内含子P6环区,获取了seddNA中的植物组成信息,并将其与野外植被调查记录和沉积物花粉数据进行对比分析,探讨了基于沉积物的植物dNA宏条形码技术在青藏高原地区现代植被监测和古植被重建中的适用性和局限性.研究结果表明,植物dNA宏条形码信号共记录了186个陆生植物类群,其中30.1%的序列可以鉴定到种水平.植物seddNA方法可以揭示调查地点周围的主要植物类群(包括菊科、莎草科和禾本科)以及重要植被组合.植物seddNA的类群数量和分类学分辨率均超过花粉分析(75个类群,其中5.3%的类群可以鉴定到种水平).与花粉保留大量的区域植物信号(包括松属和蒿属)不同,植物seddNA反映了高度局地的植物信号,凸显了植物seddNA在局地植被监测和重建中的重要性.综上所述,(小型)湖泊植物seddNA宏条形码研究在未来的青藏高原区域植被监测和重建中值得更多的关注.

关键词：沉积dNA 宏条形码花粉植被组成青藏高原

d614G and SARS-CoV-2 replication fitness

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第4期6卷 1073-1074页

作者： kathleen d.Engelman Alan N.Engelman MassBiologics University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA department of Cancer Immunology and Virology Dana-Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMAUSA department of Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Molecular determinants of SARS-CoV-2 replication fitness and sensitivity to neutralization via the humoral immune response critically inform efforts to combat the COVId-19 *** published recently by Plante et *** Natur... 详细信息

关键词： al. processes. d61

Preoperative Feeding in Single Ventricle Neonates is Predictive of Shorter Time to Goal Feed

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Congenital Heart disease 2022年第5期17卷 505-518页

作者： Alyssia Venna kathleen Reid Sarah davis Jiaxiang Gai Yves d’Udekem Sarah Clauss department of Cardiovascular Surgery Children’s National Heart InstituteThe George Washington University School of MedicineWashington DCUSA department of Cardiology Children’s National Heart InstituteThe George Washington University School of MedicineWashington DCUSA department of Biostatistics Children’s National Heart InstituteThe George Washington University School of MedicineWashington DCUSA

Background:Patients with single ventricle anatomy are at increased risk of growth failure and *** cardiac centers,there is little standardization of feeding practices in this complex *** hypothesized that initiation of our center’s preoperative feeding protocol would result in decreased gastrostomy tube(G-tube)use,decreased length of stay and would not result in increased Necrotizing Enterocolitis(NEC)***:A single institution review of 52 patients who had undergone stage I single ventricle palliative repair was *** diagnoses were hypoplastic left heart syndrome(39%),atrioventricular canal(15%),and other(46%).Postoperative parameters such as time to goal feed and need for gastrostomy tube(G-tube)were compared among preoperatively fed and non-preoperatively fed *** to goal feed was calculated as time from first postoperative enteral feed to goal volume of 100 mL/***:Of the 26 patients who met inclusion criteria for preoperative feeding,22 patients(85%)were fed prior to *** proportional hazard ratio revealed that age at surgery(p=0.047)and being preoperatively fed(p=0.001)were associated with reaching goal feed *** analysis revealed that being preoperatively fed made a patient twice as likely to reach goal feed sooner(p=0.047).Univariable logistic regression revealed that days on total parenteral nutrition(p=0.018),length of hospitalization(p=0.008),and time to 1st postoperative feed(p=0.020)were significantly associated with higher odds of needing a G-tube *** logistic regression did not show any predictors of postoperative G-tube ***,there was a trend towards lower G-tube usage in the preoperatively fed ***:Implementing a standardized preoperative feeding protocol in single ventricle neonates can result in significantly shorter time to goal feed in preoperatively fed *** is beneficial for institutions to begin implementi

关键词： Single ventricle feeding guidelines enteral nutrition hypoplastic left heart syndrome necrotizing enterocolitis preoperative

Biomimetic gold nanocomplexes for gene knockdown： Will gold deliver dividends for small interfering RNA nanomedicines？

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Nano Research 2015年第10期8卷 3111-3140页

作者： Jianfeng Guo Kamil Rahme kathleen A. Fitzgerald Justin d. Holmes Caitriona M. O'driscoll PharmacodeliveryGroup SchoolofPharmacyUniversityCollegeCorkCorkIreland departmentofSciences FacultyofNaturalandAppliedScienceNotreDameUniversity(Louaize)ZoukMosbeh1200Lebanon MaterialsChemistryandAnalysisGroup DepartmentofChemistryandtheTyndallNationalInstituteUniversityCollegeCorkCorkIreland AdvancedMaterialsandBioEngineeringResearch(AMBER) CentreforResearchonAdaptiveNanostructuresandNanodevices(CRANN)TrinityCollegeDublinDublin2Ireland

RNA interference （RNAi） effectors such as small interfering RNA （siRNA） and micro RNA （miRNA） can selectively downregulate any gene implicated in the pathology of a disease. Therefore, RNAi-based therapies have immense potential for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. However, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies have revealed that these therapeutic agents have poor bioactivity due to a number of factors, including insufficient plasma drug levels, short plasma half-lives, renal clearance, and hepatic metabolism. Non-viral delivery may facilitate the clinical application of siRNA-based therapeutics by helping to overcome these barriers. Recently, the potential of gold nanoparticles （AuNPs） as multifunctional carriers for transporting drugs, proteins, and genetic materials has been demonstrated. In this review, some of the key properties of AuNPs relevant to siRNA delivery, such as physical properties and surface chemistry have been described. In addition, the ability of AuNP-based formulation strategies to successfully overcome delivery barriers associated with siRNA, and the potential for this material to translate into safe and effective nanomedicines are critically discussed.

关键词： siRNA delivery RNA interference (RNAi)-based therapeutics,mulfifunctionalnanoparficles,nanotoxicity of goldnanoparticles