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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2015年第1期1卷 97-105页

作者： Macdara Glynn Charles Nwankire kate Lemass David J.Kinahan Jens Ducrée Biomedical Diagnostics Institute National Centre for Sensor ResearchSchool of Physical SciencesDublin City UniversityIreland

There is increasing evidence that,in addition to their presence,the propensity of circulating tumour cells to form multi-cellular clusters bears significant information about both cellular resistance to chemotherapy and overall *** present a novel two-stage,stopped-flow,continuous centrifugal sedimentation strategy to measure the size distributions of events(defined here as cells or clusters thereof)in a blood *** off-chip removal of red blood cells,healthy white blood cells are sequestered by *** purified events are then resolved along a radially inclined rail featuring a series of gaps with increasing width,each connected to a designated outer collection *** isolation of candidate events independent of targetspecific epitopes is successfully demonstrated for HL60(epCAM positive)and sk-mel28(epCAM negative)cells using identical protocols and *** propensity to form clusters was quantified for a number of cell lines,showing a negligible,moderate or elevated tendency towards cluster *** show that the occupancy distribution of the collection bins closely correlates with the range of cluster sizes intrinsic to the specific cell line.

关键词： centrifugal microfluidics lab-on-a-disc cancer diagnostics cellular clustering

Re-evaluation of Rostraria bierii Tokioka,1970(Annelida)from Seto,Japan as a magelonid,with a review of the Magelonidae of the western Pacific

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第3期41卷 61-69页

作者： Mortimer kate Mills Kimberley Gil Joao Department of Natural Sciences Amgueddfa Cymru-National Museum WalesCathays ParkCardiff CF103NPWalesUK School of earth and environmental Sciences Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF103ATWalesUK Centre of Marine Sciences(CCMAR) University of AlgarveCampus de GambelasFaro 8005-139Portugal

The identity of Rostraria bierii,originally described as a larval amphinomid from Cape Setozaki,Pacific coast of Japan,is *** on the original description and illustrations,reinterpretations conclude the“larva”to represent a partial juvenile or adult magelonid specimen,broken after the first *** original figures are compared with several known magelonid species to justify the new *** authors suggest the supposed amphinomid larva is a Magelonidae taxon *** identity of the species is discussed in line with the current knowledge of the Magelonidae in the western Pacific and a key to all known species within the region is provided to aid *** gaps in our taxonomic knowledge of the Magelonidae of the western Pacific are highlighted and discussed.

关键词： Polychaeta Amphinomida Magelonidae Magelona Octomagelona western Pacific identification key Cape Setozaki

Research of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Composite Material Based on Gypsum and Straw

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第7期10卷 1859-1873页

作者： Nikola Vavřínová kateřina Stejskalová JiříTeslík kateřina Kubenková JiříMajer Faculty of Civil engineering VSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava70800Czech Republic

This article is focused on the investigation of the mechanical and thermal properties of composite material that could be used for the production of plaster or *** composite material is made of gypsum and reinforcing natural *** article verifies whether this natural reinforcement can improve the investigated properties compared to conventional plasters and gypsum plasterboards made of pure *** this composite material,high-strength plasterboards could then be produced,which meet the higher demands of users than conventional gypsum *** their production,natural waste materials would be used *** part of the development of new building materials,it is necessary to specify essential characteristics for their later use in civil *** wheat straw and three gypsum classes with strengths G2(2 MPa)—gypsum Class I.,G5(5 MPa)—gypsum Class *** G16(16 MPa)—gypsum Class *** used to create the test *** were made with different ratios of the two ingredients,with the percentages of straw being 0%,2.5%,and 5%for each gypsum *** first part of the article describes how the increasing proportion of straw affects the composite’s mechanical properties(flexural strength and compressive strength).The second part of the article focuses on the change of thermal properties(thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity).The last part of the article mentions the verification of the fire properties(single-flame source fire test and gross heat of combustion)of this composite *** research has shown that the increasing proportion of straw reinforcement caused a deterioration in the flexural strength(up to 56.49%in the *** of gypsum Class II.)and compressive strength(up to 80.27%in the *** of gypsum Class III.)and an improvement in the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity(up to 31.40%in the ***).This composite material is thus not suitable for the production of high-streng

关键词： Composite material gypsum plasterboard crushed straw flexural strength compressive strength thermal conductivity specific heat capacity ignitability gross heat of combustion

Handheld endomicroscope using a fiber-optic harmonograph enables real-time and in vivo confocal imaging of living cell morphology and capillary perfusion

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 449-459页

作者： Kyungmin Hwang Yeong-Hyeon Seo Daniel YKim Jinhyo Ahn Soyoung lee Kyung Hee Han Koun-Hee.lee Sangyong Jon Pilhan Kim kate eYu Hyungsin Kim Shin-Hyuk Kang Ki-Hun Jeong Department of Bio and Brain engineering KAIST and KAIST Institute of Health Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology KAIST and KAIST Institute of Health Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Department of Biological Sciences KAIST and KAIST Institute for the BioCenturyDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Hyunjoo In-Tech Seoul 08390Republic of Korea VPIX Medical IncDeajeon 34141Republic of Korea Graduate School of Medical Science and engineering Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea Department of Neurosurgery Korea University Anam HospitalKorea University MedicineSeoul 02842Korea

Confocal laser endomicroscopy provides high potential for noninvasive and in vivo optical biopsy at the cellular ***,we report a fully packaged handheld confocal endomicroscopic system for real-time,high-resolution,and in vivo cellular imaging using a Lissajous scanning fiber-optic *** endomicroscopic system features an endomicroscopic probe with a fiber-optic harmonograph,a confocal microscope unit,and an image signal *** fiber-optic harmonograph contains a single mode fiber coupled with a quadrupole piezoelectric tube,which resonantly scans both axes at~1 kHz to obtain a Lissajous *** fiber-optic harmonograph was fully packaged into an endomicroscopic probe with an objective *** endomicroscopic probe was hygienically packaged for waterproofing and disinfection of medical instruments within a 2.6-mm outer diameter stainless tube capable of being inserted through the working channel of a clinical *** probe was further combined with the confocal microscope unit for indocyanine green imaging and the image signal processor for high frame rate and high density Lissajous *** signal processing unit delivers driving signals for probe actuation and reconstructs confocal images using the auto phase matching process of Lissajous fiber *** confocal endomicroscopic system was used to successfully obtain human in vitro fluorescent images and real-time ex vivo and in vivo fluorescent images of the living cell morphology and capillary perfusion inside a single mouse.

关键词： fiber processor confocal

Unlocking a novel determinant of athletic performance:The role of the gut microbiota,short-chain fatty acids,and“biotics”in exercise

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 36-44页

作者： kate M.Sales Raylene A.Reimer Faculty of Kinesiology University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Department of Biochemistry&Molecular Biology Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 4N1Canada

The gut microbiota refers to the collection of trillions of intestinal microorganisms that modulate central aspects of health and disease through influential effects on host ***,a connection has been made between the gut microbiota and *** investigations demonstrated the beneficial effects of exercise on the gut microbiota,with cross-sectional studies revealing positive correlations between exerciseassociated states,and healthy gut microbiota and exercise interventions showed post-intervention increases in the abundance of beneficial bacterial *** recent investigations have focused on exploring the reverse relationship:the influence of the gut microbiota on exercise *** investigations have revealed that certain bacterial taxa may enhance endurance exercise performance by augmenting various aspects of lactate ***,short-chain fatty acids—which modulate metabolism at various organ sites,including within skeletal muscle—have been shown to enhance endurance exercise capacity in *** review highlights what is currently known about the connection between the gut microbiota and exercise,with a particular focus on the ergogenic potential of the gut microbiota and how it may be leveraged to enhance endurance exercise performance.

关键词： exercise performance Gut microbiota Short-chain fatty acids

Bipolar depression:a review of treatment options

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General Psychiatry 2022年第4期35卷 230-239页

作者： kate Levenberg Zachary A Cordner Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA

Bipolar depression(BD-D)is both common and incredibly challenging to *** treated individuals with BD-D experience depression approximately 19%of the time,and subsyndromal depression an additional 18%.This stands in clear contrast to the approximately 10%of time spent in hypomania and 1%of time spent in *** this high illness burden,there remain relatively few treatment options approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for *** the approved medications,four are second-generation antipsychotics(SGAs)and one is an SGA combined with an ***,particularly when used long-term,antipsychotics can pose a significant risk of adverse effects,raising the clinical conundrum of weighing the risks associated with longterm antipsychotic use versus the risk of relapse when patients are off ***,we review commonly used treatments for BD-D,including antipsychotics,classic mood stabilisers,electroconvulsive therapy and *** then address the somewhat controversial topic of antidepressant use in ***,we summarise emerging treatment options and highlight ongoing clinical *** hope this review will help compare the risks and benefits of several common and novel options for the treatment of patients with *** doing so,we also hope this review will aid the individualised selection of treatments based on each patient’s history and treatment goals.

关键词： treatment spite approved

Concentration–discharge patterns of weathering products from global rivers

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Acta Geochimica 2017年第3期36卷 405-409页

作者： Daniel e.Ibarra Seulgi Moon Jeremy K.Caves C.Page Chamberlain kate Maher earth System Science Stanford University StanfordCA 94305-4216 USA earth Planetary and Space Sciences University of California Los Angeles CA 90095-1567 USA earth Science ETH Ziirich 8092 Zurich Switzerland Geological Sciences Stanford University StanfordCA 94305-2115 USA

Quantifying the functional relationships relating river discharge and weathering products places key constraints on the negative feedback between the silicate weathering and climate. In this study we analyze the concentration–discharge relationships of weathering products from global rivers using previously compiled time-series datasets for concentrations and discharge from global rivers. To analyze the nature of the covariation between specific discharge and concentrations, we use both a power law equation and a recently developed solute production equation. The solute production equation allows us to quantify weathering efficiency, or the resistance to dilution at high runoff, via the Damkohler coefficient. These results are also compared to those derived using average concentration–discharge *** the power law exponent and the Damkohler coefficient increase and asymptote as catchments exhibit increasingly chemostatic behavior, resulting in an inverse relationship between the two parameters. We also show that using thedistribution of average concentration–discharge pairs from global rivers, rather than fitting concentration–discharge relationships for each individual river, underestimates global median weathering efficiency by up to a factor of ～10. This study demonstrates the utility of long time-series sampling of global rivers to elucidate controlling processes needed to quantify patterns in global silicate weathering rates.

关键词： Concentration–discharge Rivers Silicate weathering Solutes

Modelling mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease using human induced pluripotent stem cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2019年第5期11卷 236-253页

作者： kate elizabeth Hawkins Michael Duchen Cell and Developmental Biology Division of Biosciences University College London

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. To date, only five pharmacological agents have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for clinical use in AD, all of which target the symptoms of the disease rather than the cause. Increasing our understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of AD will facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies. Over the years, the major hypotheses of AD etiology have focused on deposition of amyloid beta and mitochondrial dysfunction. In this review we highlight the potential of experimental model systems based on human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to provide novel insights into the cellular pathophysiology underlying neurodegeneration in AD. Whilst Down syndrome and familial AD iPSC models faithfully reproduce features of AD such as accumulation of Aβ and tau, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, sporadic AD is much more difficult to model in this way due to its complex etiology. Nevertheless, iPSC-based modelling of AD has provided invaluable insights into the underlying pathophysiology of the disease, and has a huge potential for use as a platform for drug discovery.

关键词： Induced pluripotent stem cells Alzheimer's disease Mitochondria

The Inequity of Biotechnological Impact

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Molecular Plant 2021年第1期14卷 1-2页

作者： Sylvia He kate M.Creasey Krainer Grow More Foundation New YorkUSA

Less than 1%of the total population of the developing world is positively affected by biotechnological *** global impact of biotechnology on agriculture is impeded by the disproportionate development and growth of economically important crops in the developed *** over 2 decades,526 genetically engineered events,or bioengineered(Be)traits,in 32 crops have been approved in 44 countries(ISAAA database,2020).Of these 44 countries,38 are high income,representing 73%of the developed *** six represent low-income countries,including four in Africa(ISAAA database,2020).Although many countries import Be crops for feed,food,and processing,just over half of the 44 countries cultivate(ISAAA,2017).Twenty years since their development,the acreage used for Be crops has increased from 1.7 million to 191.7 million *** increase in growth is dominated by economically important crops such as cotton,maize,and soybean,which also account for 65%of new traits(Brookes and Barfoot,2018).

关键词： crops soybean income

Attitude and application: Judge a crop on its potential and not breeding technology

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Molecular Plant 2021年第9期14卷 1405-1407页

作者： Daire Carroll kate M.Creasey Krainer Grow More Foundation 25 Health Sciences DriveStony BrookNY 11790USA

In comparison with tech no logical adva nceme nts in other fields,applicatio ns of biotech no logy in agriculture elicit strong,divisive *** polarizing debate over genetically modified orga isms(GMOs),ortransgenic crops,has spanned ***-nents have focused heavily on a single trait:herbicide *** concern regarding the impacts of herbicides on human health and the environment has overshadowed other applications of genetic engin eering,such as pest resista nee,biofortificati on,and non-browning fruit(Abdallah et al.,2015).We argue that newly developed crops should be judged based on their potential,rather than tainted based on association with unpopular applications.

关键词： crops breeding potential