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GREENHOUSE GAS AND AMMONIA EMISSION MITIGATION PRIORITIES FOR UK POLIcY TARGETS

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2023年第2期10卷 268-280页

作者： Sarah BUcKINGHAM cairistiona F.E.TOPP Pete SMITH Vera EORY David R.cHADWIcK christina K.BAXTER Joanna M.cLOY Shaun cONNOLLY Emily c.cOOLEDGE Nicholas J.cOWAN Julia DREWER colm DUFFY Naomi JFOX Asma JEBARI Becky JENKINS Dominika J.KROL Karina A.MARSDEN Graham A.McAULIFFE Steven J.MORRISON Vincent O'FLAHERTY Rachael RAMSEY Karl G.RIcHARDS Rainer ROEHE Jo SMITH kate SMITH Taro TAKAHASHI Rachel E.THORMAN John WILLIAMS Jeremy WILTSHIRE Robert M.REES Scotland’s Rural college EdinburghEH93JGUK Institute of Biological&Environmental Sciences AberdeenAB243UUUK School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityBangorGwyneddLL572DGUK Agricultural Development and Advisory Service(ADAS) BoxworthCambridgeCB234NNUK School of Biological and chemical Sciences University of GalwayH91 TK33Ireland centre for Ecology and Hydrology Bush EstateMidlothianEH260QBUK The James Hutton Institute DundeeDD25DAUK Rothamsted Research North WykeOkehamptonDevonEX202SBUK Ricardo Energy&Environment HarwellOxonOX110QRUK Environment Soils and Land Use DepartmentTeagascCounty WexfordY35 TC97Ireland Agri-food and Biosciences Institute HillsboroughCounty DownBT266DRUK Bristol Veterinary School University of BristolSomersetBS405DUUK

Agriculture is essential for providing food and maintaining food security while concurrently delivering multiple other ecosystem services. However,agricultural systems are generally a net source of greenhouse gases and ammonia. They, therefore, need to substantively contribute to climate change mitigation and net zero ambitions. It is widely acknowledged that there is a need to further reduce and mitigate emissions across sectors, including agriculture to address the climate emergency and emissions gap. This discussion paper outlines a collation of opinions from a range of experts within agricultural research and advisory roles following a greenhouse gas and ammonia emission mitigation workshop held in the UK in March 2022. The meeting identified the top mitigation priorities within the UK's agricultural sector to achieve reductions in greenhouse gases and ammonia that are compatible with policy targets. In addition, experts provided an overview of what they believe are the key knowledge gaps, future opportunities and cobenefits to mitigation practices as well as indicating the potential barriers to uptake for mitigation scenarios discussed.

关键词： agriculture ammonia greenhouse gas mitigation net zero

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高血压的产后管理

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英国医学杂志中文版 2013年第4期16卷 218-225页

作者： kate Bramhmn,clinical research catherine Neln-Pletx:y,professor of obstetricmedicine Morris Brown,professor of clinicalpharmacology, Lucy c chappell, clinical senior lecturer in maternal and fetal medicine 陈蕾(译) 杨孜(校) Maternal Medicine/Neplr:ology Women'sHe'dth AcademicCentre King's CollegeLondonUK Guy's and St Thomas'NHS Foundation Trust bndon UK clinical PharmacologyUnit University ofCarrfiridge CmnbridgeUK Women's HealthAcademic centre King'sCollege St Thomas'Hospital Indon SEI7EH UK 北京美华妇儿医院北京大学第三医院妇产科

产后阶段的高血压影响到多个人群，包括既往慢性高血压、妊娠期高血压、子痫前期和子痫。并且，子痫前期有可能在产后首次发病。尽管这些不同类型的高血压发病原因和临床表现各异，但是可以通过相似的手段对患者进行检查和治疗。本综述... 详细信息

产后阶段的高血压影响到多个人群，包括既往慢性高血压、妊娠期高血压、子痫前期和子痫。并且，子痫前期有可能在产后首次发病。尽管这些不同类型的高血压发病原因和临床表现各异，但是可以通过相似的手段对患者进行检查和治疗。本综述涵盖了产后高血压管理和其远期结局。妊娠合并高血压疾病的发病率为6％～10％，但是鲜有研究报告产后高血压的发病率。本综述旨在为全科医生、产科医生及在二级医疗机构的专科医生提供参考，这些医生都有可能诊治产后高血压患者。

关键词：慢性高血压产后管理妊娠期高血压高血压患者子痫前期二级医疗机构全科医生高血压管理

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Intraspecific variation in shoot flammability in Dracophyllum rosmarinifolium is not predicted by habitat environmental conditions

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第2期9卷 178-185页

作者： Xinglei cui Adrian M.Paterson George LW.Perry Sarah V.Wyse Md Azharul Alam congde Huang Shixing Zhou Lin Xiao changhong Lai Fang He Dongyu cao kate Marshall Timothy J.curran Department of Pest-management and conservation Lincoln UniversityLincoln7647New Zealand National Forestry and Grassland Administration Engineering Research centre for Southwest Forest and Grassland Fire Ecological Prevention College of ForestrySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China School of Environment University of AucklandAuckland1142New Zealand Bio-Protection Research centre Lincoln UniversityLincoln7647New Zealand Sichuan Province Forestry and Grassland Environmental Monitoring centre Chengdu610036China

Background:Flammability is a compound plant trait that can vary significantly across natural populations within *** intraspecific variation in flammability provides insights into the evolution of plant flam-mability and inform understanding of wildfire risk and behaviour in different ***:We measured four flammability variables,representing ignitibility(time to ignition),sustainability(total burning time),combustibility(maximum temperature during burning)and consumability(percentage of biomass consumed by fire)to assess the shoot-level flammability of Dracophyllum rosmarinifolium(***.)(Ericaceae),a polymorphic endemic species distributed throughout New *** examined the relationship between flammability components and a suite of climatic and geographic variables(elevation,latitude,mean annual temperature(MAT),mean annual rainfall(MAR)of the sample locations,etc.).Results:We measured shoot-level flammability components of 62 individuals across eight *** time,maximum temperature and burnt biomass were positively correlated with each other,while ignition score was independent of other flammability *** flammability components varied significantly across the eight *** habitat conditions we considered were not related to any of the shoot-level flammability components of ***:Intraspecific variation in flammability in *** may be a byproduct of selection on other functional traits,such as leaf size,shoot lipid content,indicating that plant flammability is an incidental result,rather than selected for,at least in ecosystems without fire as a selective force.

关键词： Dracophyllum Fire Flammability Habitat

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A feasibility study to determine if minimally trained medical students can identify markers of chronic parasitic infection using bedside ultrasound in rural Tanzania

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2015年第4期6卷 293-298页

作者： Maria Barsky Lauren Kushner Megan Ansbro kate Bowman Michael Sassounian Kevin Gustafson Shadi Lahham Linda Joseph John c Fox Uc Irvine Health Department of Emergency Medicine

BAcKGROUND: Parasitic infections pose a significant health risk in developing nations and are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the Republic of Tanzania, the cDc estimates that 51.5% of the population is infected with one or more intestinal parasites. If diagnosed early, the consequences of chronic parasitic infection can potentially be ***: Six first-year medical students were recruited to enroll patients in the study. They underwent ten hours of formal, hands-on, ultrasound which included basic cardiac, hepatobiliary, renal, pulmonary and FAST scan ultrasound. A World Health Organization protocol with published grading scales was adapted and used to assess for pathology in each patient's liver, bladder, kidneys, and ***: A total of 59 patients were enrolled in the study. Students reported a sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 100% for the presence of a dome shaped bladder, a sensitivity and specificity of 100% for bladder thickening, a sensitivity and specificity of 100% for portal hypertension and ascites. The sensitivity was 81% with a specificity of 100% for presence of portal vein distention. The sensitivity was 100% with a specificity of 90% for dilated ***: Ultrasound has shown a promise at helping to identify pathology in rural communities with limited resources such as Tanzania. Our data suggest that minimally trained first year medical students are able to perform basic ultrasound scans that can identify ultrasonographic markers of parasitic infections.

关键词： Parasitic infection Bedside ultrasound computed tomography Tanzania

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Optical Decontamination of Large Areas containing Airborne Microorganisms at Different Phases of Growth

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Journal of Physical Science and Application 2021年第2期11卷 21-26页

作者： Shirly Lara Perez kate cristina Blanco Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato PPG Biotec Federal University of São Carlos13565-905 São CarlosBrazil São carlos Institute of Physics University of São Paulo13560-970 São CarlosBrazil Department of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M University–College Station Texas77843USA

Background:Microorganisms transferred by water,air,and human such as bacteria and viruses can reach inanimate surfaces with high rates of *** general,the objectives of the research were to evaluate the decontamination of large areas such as floors,using a mobile device with ultraviolet c light at different delivery times and also to evaluate these microbial loads in stationary or latent *** and methods:The microbial inactivation effects of this device were measured through the recovery of viable bacteria in different points of the applied ***:A significant microbial reduction(p≤0.05)of 60-87%was obtained in general for all groups and for groups with stationary phase reductions of 100%.conclusions:microbial inactivation with UV-c ultraviolet light administration rates presents the possibility of potential use on surfaces of large areas for the decontamination of microorganisms in latent and stationary phases.

关键词： Ultraviolet light UV-c decontamination surface latent lag-phase bacteria.

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A database of experimentally measured lithium solid electrolyte conductivities evaluated with machine learning

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npj computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 2265-2278页

作者： cameron J.Hargreaves Michael W.Gaultois Luke M.Daniels Emma J.Watts Vitaliy A.Kurlin Michael Moran Yun Dang Rhun Morris Alexandra Morscher kate Thompson Matthew A.Wright Beluvalli-Eshwarappa Prasad Frédéric Blanc chris M.collins catriona A.crawford Benjamin B.Duff Jae Evans Jacinthe Gamon Guopeng Han Bernhard T.Leube Hongjun Niu Arnaud J.Perez Aris Robinson Oliver Rogan Paul M.Sharp Elvis Shoko Manel Sonni William J.Thomas Andrij Vasylenko Lu Wang Matthew J.Rosseinsky Matthew S.Dyer Department of chemistry University of LiverpoolLiverpool L697ZDUK Leverhulme Research centre for Functional Materials Design Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpool L73NYUK Department of computer Science University of LiverpoolLiverpool L693BXUK Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy University of LiverpoolLiverpool L697ZFUK

The application of machine learning models to predict material properties is determined by the availability of high-quality *** present an expert-curated dataset of lithium ion conductors and associated lithium ion conductivities measured by *** *** dataset has 820 entries collected from 214 sources;entries contain a chemical composition,an expert-assigned structural label,and ionic conductivity at a specific temperature(from 5 to 873°c).There are 403 unique chemical compositions with an associated ionic conductivity near room temperature(15–35°c).The materials contained in this dataset are placed in the context of compounds reported in the Inorganic crystal Structure Database with unsupervised machine learning and the Element Movers *** dataset is used to train a crabNet-based classifier to estimate whether a chemical composition has high or low ionic *** classifier is a practical tool to aid experimentalists in prioritizing candidates for further investigation as lithium ion conductors.

关键词： spectroscopy lithium classifier

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B2B销售商探索虚拟现实

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现代广告 2016年第2期 64-64页

作者： kate Maddox

B2B营销应侧重产品功能，强调如何帮助客户省钱、省时和省资源。现在B2B广告和B2c广告越来越接近，毕竟双方销售商都以人为对象，讲优异故事、增强情感关联以及打造用户体验是其中必不可少的环节。

关键词： B2B 销售商虚拟现实产品功能用户体验 B2c 广告营销

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IL-6和PIAS3与肝硬化大鼠肝部分切除后肝再生的关系

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重庆医学 2011年第14期40卷 1373-1375页

作者：袁晟光温江涛吕军农卡特张明慧杨波桂林医学院附属医院肝胆外科广西桂林541001 广西医科大学附属肿瘤医院麻醉科南宁530021

目的研究IL-6和PIAS3在肝硬化大鼠肝部分切除后的变化规律与肝脏再生的关系。方法实验分为肝硬化切除组（E组）和正常肝切除组（c组）,观察比较术后0、1、2、4、12、24、48、72 h肝再生率、增殖细胞核抗原（PcNA）及肝组织IL-6 mR-NA、P... 详细信息

目的研究IL-6和PIAS3在肝硬化大鼠肝部分切除后的变化规律与肝脏再生的关系。方法实验分为肝硬化切除组（E组）和正常肝切除组（c组）,观察比较术后0、1、2、4、12、24、48、72 h肝再生率、增殖细胞核抗原（PcNA）及肝组织IL-6 mR-NA、PIAS3 mRNA的表达。结果术后72 h E组肝再生率明显低于c组（P〈0.05）;E组PcNA的表达在12 h前均高于c组,呈缓慢上升趋势,于48 h达高峰,但远低于c组;E组IL-6 mRNA水平缓慢升高,峰值延迟,且远低于c组峰值;c组PIAS3 mR-NA的水平于术后4 h开始下降,而E组于术后12 h开始下降,且E组术后0~12 h均高于c组（P〈0.05）。结论硬化肝脏部分切除术后肝再生障碍机制与IL-6和PIAS3表达失衡有关。

关键词：白细胞介素-6 活化STAT的蛋白抑制物肝硬化肝再生

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高脂饮食诱导肥胖小鼠模型中氧化应激、炎症递质对骨代谢的影响及其可能机制

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温州医学院学报 2014年第9期44卷 631-636页

作者：朱再胜戴爽吴玲郑靖宇黄卡特李剑敏温州医科大学附属第一医院老年病科浙江温州325015 温州医科大学附属第一医院病理科浙江温州325015

目的:探讨高脂饮食诱导肥胖小鼠模型中氧化应激和炎症递质对骨代谢的影响及其可能机制。方法:选用5周龄c57BL/6雄性小鼠16只,随机平均分为正常饮食组、高脂饮食组,分别用正常饮食和高脂饮食喂养。于实验16周末,测各组动物体质量,处死后... 详细信息

目的:探讨高脂饮食诱导肥胖小鼠模型中氧化应激和炎症递质对骨代谢的影响及其可能机制。方法:选用5周龄c57BL/6雄性小鼠16只,随机平均分为正常饮食组、高脂饮食组,分别用正常饮食和高脂饮食喂养。于实验16周末,测各组动物体质量,处死后取内脏脂肪并测量内脏脂肪/体质量比值;用ELISA法测量血清抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b(TRAcP-5b)、血清骨钙素(Oc)、白介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α);分别用硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)法和羟胺法检测胫骨骨组织丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性;用骨密度仪检测右侧股骨骨密度(BMD);分别用免疫组织化学技术和实时荧光定量PcR(RT-qPcR)技术检测骨组织骨保护素(OPG)和核因子-κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)蛋白及mRNA的表达;HE染色光镜观察左侧股骨组织形态学改变。结果:与正常饮食组相比,高脂饮食组体质量、内脏脂肪/体质量比值、骨组织RANKL mRNA/OPG mRNA比值、血清TRAcP-5b、IL-6和TNF-α水平、骨组织RANKL表达及骨组织MDA均明显升高,差异均具统计学意义(Pc水平、骨组织OPG表达、骨组织SOD及BMD均明显下降,差异均具统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:高脂饮食诱导肥胖能导致骨质疏松病理组织学改变,其机制可能与其上调炎症递质表达和氧化应激增加有关。

关键词：肥胖骨质疏松高脂饮食骨保护素核因子-κB受体活化因子配体氧化应激小鼠

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Low prevalence of epilepsy and onchocerciasis after more than 20 years of ivermectin treatment in the Imo River Basin in Nigeria

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第1期8卷 36-44页

作者： Joseph N.F.Siewe chinyere N.Ukaga Ernest O.Nwazor Murphy O.Nwoke Modebelu c.Nwokeji Blessing c.Onuoha Simon O.Nwanjor Joel okeke kate Osahor Lilian chimechefulam Ann I.Ogomaka Augustine A.Amaechi chika I.Ezenwa Monika N.Ezike chidimma I.kpeama Ogechi Nwachukwu Austine I.Eriama-Joseph Berthram E.B.Nwoke Robert colebunders Global Health Institute University of AntwerpCam pus Drie EikenDoornstraat 3312610 WilrijkAntwerpBelgium Imo State University OwerriNigeria Federal Medical centre OwerriNigeria Madonna University Teaching Hospital EleleNigeria Imo State Ministry of Health OwerriNigeria

Background:High epilepsy prevalence and incidence have been reported in areas with high onchocerciasis *** findings suggest that proper community-directed treatment with ivermectin(cDTI)is potentially able to prevent onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy(OAE).We assessed the epilepsy prevalence and onchocerciasis transmission in two Nigerian villages following more than 20 years of ***:A cross-sectional door-to-door survey was performed in two villages in the Imo River Basin reported to be mesoendomic for onchocerciasis(Umuoparaodu and Umuezeala).Individuals were screened for epilepsy using a validated 5-item *** suspected to have epilepsy were examined by a neurologist or a physician with training in epilepsy for *** was investigated via skin snip microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests for Ov16 *** were compared with previous findings from the Imo river ***:A total of 843 individuals from 257 households in the two villages were *** detected four persons with epilepsy(PWE)giving a crude epilepsy prevalence of 0.5%.This finding differs from observations reported 14 years ago which showed an epilepsy prevalence of 2.8%in the neighbouring village of Umulolo(P=0.0001),and 1.2%from 13 villages in the Imo river basin(P=0.07).The seroprevalence of Ov16 antibodies was found to be 0%.Only 4.6%of skin snips were positive compared to 26.8%in previous surveys(Pctin mass distribution coverage in the study sites in 2017 was 79.7%.conclusions:A low epilepsy and onchocerciasis prevalence was observed following more than 20 years of cDTI in the Imo River *** of Ov16 antibodies indicates minimal transmission of *** results contrast with observations from areas of high onchocerciasis transmission,where epilepsy prevalence and incidence remain *** from this study suggest that sustained efforts could eventually achieve elimination of onch

关键词： Epilepsy Onchocerciasis Nigeria Ivermectin Ov16

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