Low prevalence of epilepsy and onchocerciasis after more than 20 years of ivermectin treatment in the Imo River Basin in Nigeria

作     者：Joseph N.F.Siewe Chinyere N.Ukaga Ernest O.Nwazor Murphy O.Nwoke Modebelu C.Nwokeji Blessing C.Onuoha Simon O.Nwanjor Joel Okeke Kate Osahor Lilian Chimechefulam Ann I.Ogomaka Augustine A.Amaechi Chika I.Ezenwa Monika N.Ezike Chidimma I.kpeama Ogechi Nwachukwu Austine I.Eriama-Joseph Berthram E.B.Nwoke Robert Colebunders 

作者机构：Global Health InstituteUniversity of AntwerpCam pus Drie EikenDoornstraat 3312610 WilrijkAntwerpBelgium Imo State UniversityOwerriNigeria Federal Medical CentreOwerriNigeria Madonna University Teaching HospitalEleleNigeria Imo State Ministry of HealthOwerriNigeria 

出 版 物：《Infectious Diseases of Poverty》 (贫困所致传染病（英文）)

年 卷 期：2019年第8卷第1期

页      面：36-44页

核心收录：

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：the European Research Council Advanced Grant(ERC-2014-ADG) grant No.671055 

主　　题：Epilepsy Onchocerciasis Nigeria Ivermectin Ov16 

摘      要：Background:High epilepsy prevalence and incidence have been reported in areas with high onchocerciasis *** findings suggest that proper community-directed treatment with ivermectin(CDTI)is potentially able to prevent onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy(OAE).We assessed the epilepsy prevalence and onchocerciasis transmission in two Nigerian villages following more than 20 years of ***:A cross-sectional door-to-door survey was performed in two villages in the Imo River Basin reported to be mesoendomic for onchocerciasis(Umuoparaodu and Umuezeala).Individuals were screened for epilepsy using a validated 5-item *** suspected to have epilepsy were examined by a neurologist or a physician with training in epilepsy for *** was investigated via skin snip microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests for Ov16 *** were compared with previous findings from the Imo river ***:A total of 843 individuals from 257 households in the two villages were *** detected four persons with epilepsy(PWE)giving a crude epilepsy prevalence of 0.5%.This finding differs from observations reported 14 years ago which showed an epilepsy prevalence of 2.8%in the neighbouring village of Umulolo(P=0.0001),and 1.2%from 13 villages in the Imo river basin(P=0.07).The seroprevalence of Ov16 antibodies was found to be 0%.Only 4.6%of skin snips were positive compared to 26.8%in previous surveys(P0.0001).Ivermectin mass distribution coverage in the study sites in 2017 was 79.7%.Conclusions:A low epilepsy and onchocerciasis prevalence was observed following more than 20 years of CDTI in the Imo River *** of Ov16 antibodies indicates minimal transmission of *** results contrast with observations from areas of high onchocerciasis transmission,where epilepsy prevalence and incidence remain *** from this study suggest that sustained efforts could eventually achieve elimination of onch