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theoretical Study of Laser Emission for C-Like (Ar XIII), (Ti XVII) and (Fe XXI)

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2016年第4期6卷 217-233页

作者： Wessameldin S. Abdelaziz th. m. El Sherbeni Nahed H. Wahba National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences Cairo University Giza Egypt Laser and New materials Laboratory Physics Department Faculty of Science Cairo University Giza Egypt

Energy levels, transition probability and oscillator strengths have been calculated for the Ar XIII, Ti XVII and Fe XXI. the configurations included in the calculations are 2s2 2p2, 2s2 2p 3l (l = s, p & d) and 4l (l = s, p, d, & f) of C-like Ar XIII, Ti XVII & Fe XXI which has 69 fine structures by using the fully relativistic flexible atomic code (FAC) program. these data are used in the determination of the reduced population and gain coefficients over a wide range of electron densities from (10+18 to 10+23) and at various plasmas temperatures. the results show that the transitions in Ar18+, Ti22+, and Fe26+ ions are the most promising laser emission lines in the XUV and soft X-ray spectral regions.

关键词： XUV Soft X-Ray Laser Radiation Population Inversion Gain Coefficient

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薄层应变的X射线衍射技术

金属学报 1993年第2期29卷 B088-B091页

作者：徐景阳 VANBRUSSELB.J. NOORDHUISJ. BRONSVELDP.m. DEHOSSONJ.th.m. 中国科学院上海冶金研究所副研究员上海200050 荷兰Groningen大学材料科学中心

Ne注入的AISI304奥氏体不锈钢的X射线衍射花样,显示出0.1μm注入薄层中的两种应变:由注入Ne引起的张应变和由高压Ne泡压迫周围点阵产生的压应变。本文介绍其测量原理和技术,在X射线衍射花样上还发现注入Ne引起马氏体相变现象。

关键词： X射线衍射离子注入奥氏体不锈钢

Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Adam m.R.Groh moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne Stratton G.R.Wayne moore Jack P.Antel Neuroimmunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to *** the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function,a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is *** delve into early 20th-century studies by Robertson and Río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature ***,recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination ***,modern molecular investigations,employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus RNA sequencing,consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system *** and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and psychiatric ***,caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from temporally confined *** studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte *** research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species,sex,central nervous system region,age,and disease,

关键词： aging central nervous system diseases electron microscopy heterogeneity immunohistochemistry myelin sheath natural history neuroglia oligodendroglia single-cell gene expression analysis

Frequent mutations of the CA simple sequence repeat in intron 1 of EGFR in mismatch repair-deficient colorectal cancers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第7期14卷 1053-1059页

作者： marie-Pierre Buisine Agnès Wacrenier Christophe mariette Emmanuelle Leteurtre Fabienne Escande Sana Aissi Amandine Ketele Annette Leclercq Nicole Porchet thécla Lesuffleur Centre de RechercheJean-Pierre Aubert-JPARC INSERM U837Equipe Mucinesdifférenciation et cancérogenèseépithélialesLaboratoire deBiochimie et Biologie MoléculaireCHRU de Lilleand Facultéde Médecine H.WarembourgUniversitéde Lille 2LilleFrance Laboratoire d'Anatomie et CytologiePathologiques CHRU de LilleLilleFrance Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert-JPARC INSERM U837Service de Chirurgie Digestiveet GénéraleCHRU de Lilleand Facultéde Médecine H.WarembourgUniversitéde Lille 2LilleFrance Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert-JPARC INSERM U837Laboratoire d'Anatomie et Cytologie PathologiquesCHRU de Lilleand Facultéde Médecine H.WarembourgUniversitéde Lille 2LilleFrance Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert-JPARC INSERM U837and Laboratoire de Biochimie etBiologie MoléculaireCHRU de LilleLilleFrance Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert-JPARC INSERM U837Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie MoléculaireCHRU de LilleLilleFrance Laboratoire d'Immunologie et GénétiqueTunis-ElManarTunisie Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert-JPARC INSERM U837LilleFrance Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie moléculaire CHRU de LilleLilleFrance Centre de RechercheJean-Pierre Aubert-JPARC INSERM U837Equipe Mucinesdifférenciation et cancérogenèseépithélialesLaboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie MoléculaireCHRU de Lilleand Facultéde Médecine H.WarembourgUniversitéde Lille 2LilleFrance present address INSERmU843 Université Paris 7Hpital R.DebréParisFrance

AIm:To investigate the polymorphic simple sequencerepeat in intron 1 of the epidermal growth factor receptorgene(EGFR)(CA-SSRⅠ),which is known to affect theefficiency of gene transcription as a putative target of themismatch repair(mmR)machinery in colorectal ***:the CA-SSRⅠgenotype was analyzed ina total of 86 primary colorectal tumors,selected upontheir microsatellite instability(mSI)status[42 with highfrequency mSI(mSI-H)and 44 microsatellite stable(mSS)]and their respective normal *** effect of the CA-SSRⅠgenotype on the expression of the EGFR gene wasevaluated in 18 specimens using quantitative real-timereverse transcription PCR and ***:mutations in CA-SSRⅠwere detected in 86%(36 of 42)of mSI-H colorectal tumors and 0%(0 of 44)ofmSS tumors,indicating the EGFR gene as a novel putativespecific target of the defective mmR system(Pmpaired expression of EGFR was detected in most ofthe colorectal tumors analyzed[6/12(50%)at the mRNAlevel and 15/18(83%)at the peptide level].However,noassociation was apparent between EGFR expression andCA-SSRⅠstatus in tumors or normal ***:Our results suggest that CA-SSRⅠsequence does not contribute to the regulation of EGFRtranscription in colon,and should thus not be consideredas a promising predictive marker for response to EGFRinhibitors in patients with colorectal cancer.

关键词： Epidermal growth factor receptor microsatellite instability Allelic imbalance Gene polymorphism Expression Colorectal cancer

Groundwater uptake of different surface cover and its consequences in great Hungarian plain

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Ecological Processes 2017年第1期6卷 408-416页

作者： Zoltán Gribovszki Péter Kalicz Kitti Balog András Szabó Tibor Tóth Péter Csáfordi mohamed metwaly Sándor Szalai Institute of Geomatics and Civil Engineering University of SopronSopronHungary Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry Centre for Agricultural ResearchHungarian Academy of SciencesBudapestHungary Forest Research Institute National Agricultural Research and Innovation CentreBudapestHungary Archaeology Department College of Tourism and ArchaeologyKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics(NRIAG) CairoEgypt mTA CSFK GGI SopronHungary

Introduction:Forest cover in Hungary has increased from 1.1 to 2.0 million hectares during the last *** EU(European Union)promotes further afforestation;thus,15,000–18,000 ha are being forested each year,mainly in the Hungarian Great *** terms of species used for afforestation,poplar plantations are preferred over native oak *** groundwater uptake of trees can be a significant water balance element of forested areas in shallow groundwater environments within the Hungarian Great *** can cause water table depressions and subsurface salt accumulation in areas with negative water *** study examined the hydrological impact of forest cover in the Hungarian Great *** the framework of this research,climatic water balance,water table depth and salinity,subsoil layering,tree species and stand age were analysed as influencing *** paper compares the effect which an oak forest,a poplar plantation and a pasture have on groundwater uptake and salt ***:the water table level was roughly 0.4–0.5 m lower beneath the oak forest and the poplar plantation than it was beneath the *** groundwater use was 1.5–2 times higher than that of *** uptake of oak forest was greater than that of poplar plantation during the monitoring *** accumulation,which shows water use in the longer run,was slightly higher for poplar in deeper ***:the greater amount of groundwater used by trees does not lead to a higher salt uptake as only a slight accumulation of salt was measured beneath the ***,hybrid poplar was slightly less favourable than native oak when considering salinization ***,even greater groundwater uptake by trees over longer timescales could cause more significant salt accumulation under pronounced drought conditions due to climate change.

关键词： Groundwater recharge/water budget Evapotranspiration Diurnal fluctuation Forest cover Salinization

High Energy Electron Radiation Exposure Facility at PSI

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Journal of Applied mathematics and Physics 2014年第9期2卷 910-917页

作者： Wojtek Hajdas L. Desorgher K. Deiters D. Reggiani th. th. Rauber m. Tulej P. Wurz m. Luethi K. Wojczuk P. Kalaczynski Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI) Villigen Switzerland University of Bern Bern Switzerland

Paul Scherrer Institut hosts the Proton Irradiation Facility used for radiation effects studies and exposure tests in preparation of satellite missions for the European Space Agency. the facility allows for realistic simulation of the space proton spectra in the energy range from 6 meV up to 230 meV with exposure fluxes ranging from very low up to as high as 109 p/cm2/sec. Recently, approved ESA mission to Jupiter—JUICE—also brought a need for tests with high energy electron beams. For this purpose, another facility was established in the PSI secondary beam area pim1. Secondary particles are produced on the thick carbon target hit by energetic proton beam. Dedicated beam optics enables selection of the particle charge and momentum and guides them to the tests area. Characterization of electron beams at various momenta was performed with respect to their intensity, profiles and contamination by pions and muons. Electron fluxes ranging from 1.5 × 103/cm2/s at 20 meV/c to 2.3 × 106/cm2/s at 345 meV/c with gaussian beam profiles with FWHm of about 4 cm were measured. Beam contamination with heavier particles becomes negligible for all momenta lower than 115 meV/c. this allows for using them for components and shielding characterization and detector calibration experiments. Several such experiments have been already performed utilizing available beam time of few weeks per year.

关键词： Irradiations Electron Beams Components Tests Exposure Facilities

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激光熔区中应力缓解的X射线衍射法测定

金属学报 1993年第9期29卷 B428-B432页

作者：徐景阳 VANBRUSSEL B J NOORDHUIS J BRONSVELD Pm DEHOSSONJ th m 中国科学院上海冶金研究所荷兰Groningen大学

AISI 304奥氏体不锈钢表面经激光熔化处理,引入一个大的张应力,它可用注Ne的方法使其缓解本文介绍测量0.1μm薄层应力变化的原理和技术。

关键词：奥氏体不锈钢 X射线衍射测量应力

Epitypification and neotypification:guidelines with appropriate and inappropriate examples

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第6期69卷 57-91页

作者： Hiran A.Ariyawansa David L.Hawksworth Kevin D.Hyde E.B.Gareth Jones Sajeewa S.N.maharachchikumbura Dimuthu S.manamgoda kasun m.th.mbugal. Dhanushka Udayanga Erio Camporesi Anupama Daranagama Ruvishika Jayawardena Jian-Kui Liu Eric H.C.mcKenzie Rungtiwa Phookamsak Indunil C.Senanayake Roger G.Shivas Qing Tian Jian-Chu Xu Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanChina World Agroforestry Centre East and Central AsiaKunming 650201YunnanChina Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research School of ScienceMae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Departamento de Biología Vegetal II Facultad de FarmaciaUniversidad Complutense de MadridPlaza Ramón y CajalMadrid 28040Spain Department of Life Sciences The Natural History MuseumCromwell RoadLondon SW75BDUK mycology Section Royal Botanic GardensKewRichmond Surrey TW93DSUK Department of Botany and microbiology King Saudi UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia A.m.B.Gruppo micologico Forlivese“Antonio Cicognani” Via Roma18ForlìItaly manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Private Bag 92170 AucklandNew Zealand Plant Pathology Herbarium Agri-Science Queensland40 Boggo RoadDutton ParkQld 4102Australia

review of phylogenetic studies carried out together with morphological ones shows that a major problem with most early studies is that they concentrated on techniques and used material or strains of fungi that in most cases were not carefully reference,and in a worrying number of cases wrongly *** classical species,particularly of microfungi,are not represented by adequate type material,or other authoritatively identified cultures or specimens,that can serve as DNA sources for phylogenetic study,or for developing robust identification *** classifications of fungi therefore suffer fromthe lack of reference strains in resultant phylogenetic *** some cases,epitypification and neotypification can solve this problem and these tools are increasingly used to resolve taxonomic confusion and stabilize the understanding of species,genera,families,or orders of *** manuscript discusses epitypification and neotypification,describes how to epitypify or neotypify species and examines the importance of this process.A set of guidelines for epitypification is *** where taxa have been epitypified are presented and the benefits and problems of epitypification are *** examples of epitypification,or to provide reference specimens,a new epitype is designated for Paraphaeosphaeria michotii and reference specimens are provided for Astrosphaeriella stellata,***,Phaeosphaeria elongata,Ophiobolus cirsii,and *** this way we demonstrate how to epitypify taxa and its importance,and also illustrate the value of proposing reference specimens if epitypification is not *** we provided guidelines for epitypification,the decision to epitypify or not lies with the author,who should have experience of the fungus *** responsibility is to be taken seriously,as once a later typification is made,it may not be possible to undo that,particularly in the case of epitypes,without using the lengthy and tedious f

关键词： Epitype Generic types molecular data Nomenclature Systematics Taxonomy Typification

Engineering polymer nanoparticles using cell membrane coating technology and their application in cancer treatments:Opportunities and challenges

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Nano materials Science 2022年第4期4卷 295-321页

作者： Kai Guo Nanyang Xiao Yixuan Liu Zhenming Wang Judit Tóth János Gyenis Vijay Kumar thakur Ayako Oyane Quazi T.H.Shubhra Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou medical University Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou510140China Department of microbiology The University of ChicagoChicagoIL60637USA Department of Pathology School of Basic Medical SciencesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing21116China State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China Research Centre for Natural Sciences Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry1117BudapestMagyar Tudósok Körútja 2Hungary University of Pannonia Egyetem u.10H-8200VeszprémHungary Nanomaterials Research Institute National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology(AIST)Tsukuba305-8565Japan School of Engineering University of Petroleum&Energy Studies(UPES)Dehradun 248007India

Nanotechnology has revolutionized cancer drug delivery,and recent research continues to focus on the development of“one-size-fits-all,”i.e.,“all-in-one”delivery *** nanomedicines can address significant shortcomings of conventional therapy,biological barriers remain a challenge in their delivery and accumulation at diseased *** achieve long circulation time,immune evasion,and targeted accumulation,conventional nanocarriers need modifications,e.g.,PEGylation,peptide/aptamer attachment,*** such modification is a biomimetic coating using cell membrane(Cm),which can offer long circulation or targeting,or *** top-down Cm coating process is facile and can provide some advantageous features over surface modification by synthetic ***,an overview is provided on the engineering of Cm camouflaged polymer nanoparticles.A short section on Cm and the development of Cm coating technology has been *** description of the preparation and characterization of Cm camouflaged polymer NPs and their applications in cancer treatment has been reported.A brief comparison between Cm coating and PEGylation has been *** targeting approaches to achieve tumor-specific delivery of Cm coated NPs have been summarized ***,this review will give the readers a nice picture of Cm coated polymer NPs,along with their opportunities and challenges.

关键词： Cell membrane(Cm) Nanoparticles(NPs) Cancer Camouflage Biomimetic coating Drug delivery