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国外纺织技术 1984年第3期 38-43+5页

作者： karl-heinz gottschalk Wolfgang DreBler 吴立

1.节约能源的经济必要性由于能源价格上涨,人们越来越关心节约能源的支付以及怎样才能偿还。这种投资在10年以前无利可图,而现在可在1～2年间分期偿还,并且在余下的期间收益还会有所回升。

关键词：热交换器旋转式新鲜空气基本因素换热器热能系统散热器采暖设备排气风扇烘燥机染整生产气流调节器回收器排气量

Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound in discrimination between focal pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第2期12卷 246-250页

作者： Michael Hocke Ewald Schulze Peter gottschalk Theodor Topalidis Christoph F Dietrich Department of Internal Medicine Ⅱ Friedrich Schiller University JenaErlanger Allee 10107740 JenaGermany Department of Pathology Friedrich Schiller University JenaErlanger Allee 10107740 JenaGermany Cytologic Institute Doehrbruch 6230559 HannoverGermany Caritas Hospital Department of Internal Medicine ⅡUhlandstraBe 797980 Bad MergentheimGermany

AIM： To evaluate the contrast-enhanced endosonography as a method of differentiating inflammation from pancreatic carcinoma based on perfusion characteristics of microvessels. METHODS： In 86 patients with suspected chronic pancreatitis （age： 62± 12 years; sex： f/m 38/48）, pancreatic lesions were examined by conventional endo- scopic B-mode, power Doppler ultrasound and contrastenhanced power mode （Hitachi EUB 525, SonoVue, 2.4 mL, Bracco） using the following criteria for malignant lesions： no detectable vascularisation using conventional power Doppler scanning, irregular appearance of arterial vessels over a short distance using SonoVue contrastenhanced technique and no detectable venous vessels inside the lesion. A malignant lesion was assumed if all criteria were detectable [gold standard endoscopic ultrasound （EUS）-guided fine needle aspiration cytology, operation]. The criteria of chronic pancreatitis without neoplasia were defined as no detectable vascularisation before injection of SonoVue, regular appearance of vessels over a distance of at least 20 mm after injection of SonoVue and detection of arterial and venous vessels. RESULTS： The sensitivity and specifidty of conventional EUS were 73.2% and 83.3% respectively for pancreatic cancer. The sensitivity of contrast-enhanced EUS increased to 91.1% in 51 of 56 patients with malignant pancreatic lesion and the specificity increased to 93.3% in 28 of 30 patients with chronic inflammatory pancreatic ***： Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound improves the differentiation between chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic carcinoma.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound Contrast enhancer Chronic pancreatitis Pancreatic cancer

Mapping runoff based on hydro-stochastic approach for the Huaihe River Basin, China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2011年第3期21卷 441-457页

作者： YAN Ziqi XIA Jun Lars gottschalk Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Geosciences University of Oslo N-0315 Oslo Norway

Theoretical difficulties for mapping and for estimating river regime characteristics in a large-scale basin remain because of the nature of the variable under study： river flows are related to a specific area, i.e. the drainage basin, and are hierarchically organized in space through the river network with upstream-downstream dependencies. Another limitation is there are not enough gauge stations in developing countries. This presentation aims at developing the hydro-stochastic approach for producing choropleth maps of average annual runoff and computing mean discharge along the main river network for a large-scale basin. The approach applied to mean annual runoff is based on geostatistical interpolation proce- dures coupled with water balance and data uncertainty analyses. It is proved by an applica- tion in the upstream at Bengbu in the Huaihe River Basin, a typical large-scale basin in China. Hydro-stochasitic approach in a first step interpolates to a regular grid net and in a second step the grid values are integrated along rivers, The interpolation scheme includes a constraint to be able to account for the lateral water balance along the rivers. Grid runoff map with 10 km x 10 km resolution and the discharge map along the river with the 1 km basic length unit are the main results in this study. This kind of statistic approach can be widely used because it avoids the complexity of hydrological models and does not depend on the meteorological data.

关键词： kriging method hydro-stochastic runoff water balance Huaihe River Basin

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基于水文随机方法的大尺度径流空间插值图化研究——淮河流域蚌埠以上区间为例

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地理学报 2010年第7期65卷 841-852页

作者：严子奇夏军 Lars gottschalk 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室北京100101 中国科学院研究生院北京100049 奥斯陆大学地球科学学院

跨越不同时空尺度水文径流时空分异性及其图化问题的研究是当前国际地理水文科学研究的热点前沿。本文针对中国湿润流域年平均径流特点,探讨了基于地理相关关系的水文随机方法(Hydro-Stochastic)在大尺度流域上应用的可行性。在淮河流... 详细信息

跨越不同时空尺度水文径流时空分异性及其图化问题的研究是当前国际地理水文科学研究的热点前沿。本文针对中国湿润流域年平均径流特点,探讨了基于地理相关关系的水文随机方法(Hydro-Stochastic)在大尺度流域上应用的可行性。在淮河流域蚌埠以上区间开展径流空间插值实验,通过对流域出口流量在空间随机场内的分解生成研究区内10km×10km分辨率产流分布图,以及以1km长度为基本单元的河道内径流量图。该方法在描述径流空间分异性的过程中,综合了水文学、地貌学、地理学的特点,以地统计空间插值方法为基础,结合了水量平衡约束以及数据不确定性分析理论,最终输出不同形式的径流空间分异结果。分析表明,径流插值结果能够很好的反映流域内产流的空间分布特征,并满足河道上下游的水量平衡关系。该方法避免了水文模型的复杂性,描述径流时不依赖气象资料,可以方便的在广大地区推广使用。

关键词： Kriging方法水文随机方法径流水量平衡淮河流域

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Influence of colour changes and moisture content during banana drying on laser backscattering

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2010年第2期3卷 46-51页

作者： Giuseppe Romano Dimitrios Argyropoulos Klaus gottschalk Emanuele Cerruto Joachim Müller Institute of Agricultural Engineering University of HohenheimStuttgartGermany Leibniz-Institute of Agricultural Engineering Potsdam-Bornim ATBGermany Department of Agricultural Engineering University of Agricultural SciencesCataniaItaly

Pre-drying treatments are frequently employed to preserve fruit *** objective of this research was to monitor colour changes of banana during drying by laser backscattering and to determine the influence of the fruit discolouration on the light distribution into banana ***,to examine the influence of drying on the laser backscatter,the relationship between moisture content and relative laser area of banana slices was analyzed with different degrees of colour *** experiments were conducted at drying air temperature of 63℃with various pre-treatments like chilling,soaking in ascorbic/citric acid and dipping in distilled *** untreated sample was used as a control.A laser diode emitting at 670 nm with 3 mW power was used as light *** backscattering relative laser area was used as an indicator for the light absorption into the *** high result achieved on coefficient of determination R^(2)(>0.93)confirmed linear relationship between relative laser area and moisture *** with ascorbic acid gave the best prediction of the moisture content with the standard error of 5.7 and 8.8 for the estimated intercept and *** results showed a significant difference of lightness(L*values)during drying according to the different *** a result,colour degradation did not have a significant influence on the absorption of light at 670 nm wavelength.

关键词： musa x paradisiaca colour change banana drying pre-treatment relative laser area backscattering

The Effects of Silvicultural Thinning and <i>Lymantria Dispar</i>L. Defoliation on Wood Volume Growth of <i>Quercus</i>spp.

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第2期3卷 276-282页

作者： Mary Ann Fajvan Kurt W. gottschalk USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station Morgantown USA

Pre- and post-defoliation radial growth rates were used to examine the effects of silvicultural thinning and two consecutive years of gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) defoliation on Quercus spp. wood volume production. In the first phase of the study, tree rings from 65 dissected stems, were used to develop polynomial models to estimate annual cumulative volume (m3) increment for the entire merchantable stem, as a function of dbh (tree diameter at 1.37 m above the ground). In Phase II of the study, 81 additional trees were sampled using only increment cores. Cumulative diameter increments from the cores were used in the polynomial models to compare tree volume growth changes during and after defoliation among the thinning treatments. Even though there was no significant difference in estimated volume lost during defoliation among treatments, post-defoliation growth was enhanced by thinning. Total volume reduction from defoliation ranged from 28,049 (±17,462) cm3 to 25,993 (±16,251) cm3 per tree. The stand receiving the thinning treatment with the lowest residual stocking produced significantly more volume (P = 0.002) after defoliation than the other treatments.

关键词： Wood Volume Increment Low Thinning Gypsy Moth Oaks

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厌氧菌降解四氯乙烯的研究

环境污染与防治 1996年第2期18卷 1-4页

作者：马光庭 G.gottschalk 广西农业大学南宁530005 德国哥廷根大学微生物研究所

报道了沼气污泥富集培养物中厌氧菌降解四氯乙烯的特征.研究结果表明.沼气污泥在甲醇、甲酸盐、乙酸盐、乙醇和H_2/CO_2等不同碳源基质中的富集培养物,以利用甲醇为碳源的富集培养物降解四氯乙烯(Tetra-chloroe—thylene,简称PCE,下同)... 详细信息

报道了沼气污泥富集培养物中厌氧菌降解四氯乙烯的特征.研究结果表明.沼气污泥在甲醇、甲酸盐、乙酸盐、乙醇和H_2/CO_2等不同碳源基质中的富集培养物,以利用甲醇为碳源的富集培养物降解四氯乙烯(Tetra-chloroe—thylene,简称PCE,下同)活性最高,平均每升培养液每天降解PCE1400nmol.经对该富集培养物的分离培养,已分离出4株厌氧细菌,其中一株为甲烷八叠球菌,两株为弧菌,一株为杆菌.经对它们进行降解PCE的试验,表明将它们混合回接培养与以上富集培养物有类似降解四氯乙烯的活性.

关键词：沼气污泥富集培养物厌氧菌降解四氯乙烯

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An A20-Silenced,Stroma-Targeted DC Vaccine Reverses the Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenviroment,Resulting in Potent Antitumor Activity

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An A20-Silenced,Stroma-Targeted DC Vaccine Reverses the Immu...

中国抗癌协会神经肿瘤专业委员会第八届学术会议

作者： Stephen gottschalk Cliona Rooney Center for Cell and Gene Therapy Baylor College of Medicine

Dendritic cell（DC） vaccines have produced disappointing benefits in most clinical studies of *** is most likely due to the presence of immunosuppressive cells within the *** may come from regulatory T cells（Tregs） and also from the tumor supporting stroma,since cancer associated fibroblasts（CAFs;the central component of the tumor stroma） secrete inhibitory ***,the extracellular matrix itself may protect malignant cells from effective *** have previously shown that an A20-silenced DC vaccine renders DC resistant to Treg mediated immunosuppression and the aim of this project was to evaluate the effects of an A20-silenced DC vaccine targeting fibroblast activating protein（FAP） expressed on CAFs in the murine cancer *** marrow derived DCs were genetically modified to express an A20-specific shRNA and murine FAP（DC-shA20-FAP）.DC-shA20-FAP vaccination induced potent CD4+ and CD8+ FAP-specific T-cell responses in BALB/c mice as judged by IFN-g Elispot ***-shA20-FAP vaccination resulted in potent antitumor effects in prophylactic and therapeutic tumor *** tumor bearing mice with DC-shA20-FAP induced a significant decrease of tumor-infiltrating macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in comparison to DC-shA20 vaccinated ***,DC-shA20-FAP vaccination induced a 2-fold upregulation of CD80 expression on tumor-infiltrating DCs as well as an increase of infiltrating CD8+ T *** show here that an A20-silenced,FAP-targeted DC vaccine induces potent FAP-specific immune response,reverses the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and has potent antitumor ***,targeting the tumor stroma has the potential to improve current DC vaccine approaches for cancers.

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法国革命时代史下

Non-invasive determination of murine placental and foetal functional parameters with multispectral optoacoustic tomography

1943年

作者： L.R.gottschalk 骆迈译

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Light(Science & Applications) 2019年第1期8卷 553-562页

作者： Kausik Basak Xose Luis Dean-Ben Sven gottschalk Michael Reiss Daniel Razansky Faculty of Medicine Technical University MunichMunichGermany Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging Helmholtz Center MunichNeuherbergGermany Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering ETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland Institute of Advanced Studies and Research JIS UniversityKolkataWest BengalIndia

Despite the importance of placental function in embryonic development,it remains poorly understood and challenging to characterize,primarily due to the lack of non-invasive imaging tools capable of monitoring placental and foetal oxygenation and perfusion parameters during *** developed an optoacoustic tomography approach for real-time imaging through entire ~4 cm cross-sections of pregnant *** changes in both maternal and embryo regions were studied at different gestation days when subjected to an oxygen breathing challenge and perfusion with indocyanine *** phenotyping of the cross-sectional scans highlighted different internal organs,whereas multi-wavelength acquisitions enabled non-invasive label-free spectroscopic assessment of blood-oxygenation parameters in foeto-placental regions,rendering a strong correlation with the amount of oxygen ***,the placental function in protecting the embryo from extrinsically administered agents was *** proposed methodology may potentially further serve as a probing mechanism to appraise embryo development during pregnancy in the clinical setting.

关键词： rendering placental sectional