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Hepatitis C virus molecular evolution:Transmission,disease progression and antiviral therapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第43期20卷 15992-16013页

作者： Maria Victoria Preciado Pamela Valva Alejandro Escobar-Gutierrez Paula Rahal karina Ruiz-Tovar Lilian Yamasaki Carlos Vazquez-Chacon Armando Martinez-Guarneros Juan Carlos Carpio-Pedroza Salvador Fonseca-Coronado Mayra Cruz-Rivera Laboratorio de Biología Molecular División PatologíaHospital de Ni?os "Ricardo Gutiérrez"Buenos Aires C1425EFDArgentina Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos Mexico 01480Mexico Department of Biology Institute of BioscienceLanguage and Exact ScienceS?o Paulo State UniversityS?o José do Rio PretoSP 13560-970Brazil Laboratorio de Inmunobiología de Enfermedades Infecciosas Unidad de Investigación MultidisciplinariaFacultad de Estudios Superiores CuautitlánUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCuautitlán IzcalliEstado de México 54714Mexico Departmento de Microbiología y Parasitología Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico City 04510Mexico

Hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection represents an important public health problem *** of HCV morbidity and mortality is a current challenge owned to several viral and host *** molecular evolution plays an important role in HCV transmission,disease progression and therapy *** high degree of genetic heterogeneity characteristic of HCV is a key element for the rapid adaptation of the intrahost viral population to different selection pressures(e.g.,host immune responses and antiviral therapy).HCV molecular evolution is shaped by different mechanisms including a high mutation rate,genetic bottlenecks,genetic drift,recombination,temporal variations and *** evolutionary processes constantly rearrange the composition of the HCV intrahost population in a staging *** advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanism controlling HCV replication have facilitated the development of a plethora of direct-acting antiviral agents against *** a result,superior sustained viral responses have been *** rapidly evolving field of anti-HCV therapy is expected to broad its landscape even further with newer,more potent antivirals,bringing us one step closer to the interferon-free era.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Evolution Phylogenetics Drug resistance Clinical outcome

Ecological implications of twentieth century reforestation programs for the urban forests of São Paulo, Brazil: a study based on litterfall and nutrient cycling

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 367-379页

作者： Maurício Lamano Ferreira Marcelo Ferreira Barbosa Eduardo Pereira Cabral Gomes Ana Paula Branco do Nascimento Edgar Fernando de Luca karina Gonçalves da Silva Ulisses Bezerra França Plínio Barbosa de Camargo Raffaele Lafortezza Master’s Program in Health Promotion Adventist University of São PauloSão PauloSPBrazil. Master’s Program in Geoenvironmental Analysis University of GuarulhosGuarulhosSPBrazil. Department of Health Faculty of Biological ScienceUniversity Nove de Julho(UNINOVE)São PauloSPBrazil. Institute of Botany(IBT/SP) São PauloSPBrazil. Department of Civil Engineering São Judas Tadeu UniversitySão PauloSPBrazil. Institute of Forestry(IF/SP) São PauloSPBrazil. Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura(CENA/USP) University of São PauloPiracicabaSPBrazil. Prefeitura da cidade de São Paulo(Secretaria do Verde e Meio Ambiente) São PauloSPBrazil Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences University of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly. Department of Geography The University of Hong KongCentennial CampusPokfulam RoadHong KongHong Kong.

The focus of this study was to investigate the wide use of Eucalyptus spp.,an exotic plant with high allelopathic ability,in the reforestation programs of urban parks in São Paulo City,Brazil,over the last *** understand the implications of using Eucalyptus *** the city’s parks,this study aimed to compare nutrient cycling and litter decomposition between a mixed composition of litter(i.e.,native and exotic species)and the litter of a single species(i.e.,Eucalyptus).To accomplish this,newly deciduous leaves were collected from two native and two exotic species that are commonly used in the afforestation of São Paulo as well as from Eucalyptus *** mixed composition of litter yielded a higher dry mass loss and return of macro-and micronutrients to the forest *** decomposition constant(k)values were 0.00322 and 0.00207 g g^(−1) day^(−1) for the mixed composition and Eucalyptus spp.,*** time required for decomposition of 50 and 95%of deciduous material was 215 and 931 days,respectively,and for the mixed litterfall 334 and 1449 days,respectively,for Eucalyptus ***,the mixed litter exhibited greater dry mass loss and nutrient cycling in an urban forest of São Paulo City,since dry mass losses as well as speed and amount of nutrients returned to the forest floor were relatively higher compared to Eucalyptus *** cycling via Eucalyptus *** was less efficient than mixed composition of litter,demonstrating that reforestation programs carried out in the twentieth century using only one species may have had little *** results of this work emphasize the fact that in urban reforestation programs the City of São Paulo must consider the environmental and biogeographic characteristics of the species employed and use high levels of biodiversity,since the city lies in a megadiverse biome.

关键词： Tropical forest Exotic species Nutrient dynamics Ecosystem functioning

Probabilistic Model of Cumulative Damage in Pipelines Using Markov Chains

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2020年第4期8卷 620-642页

作者： Francisco Casanova-del-Angel Esteban Flores-Méndez karina Guadalupe Cortes-Yah Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación. Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Arquitectura Unidad Profesional ALM Instituto Politécnico Nacional Ciudad de México Mexico

This paper presents a probabilistic model of cumulative damage based on Markov chains theory to model propagation of internal corrosion depth localized in a hydrocarbons transport pipeline. The damage accumulation mechanism is unit jump type, depending on the state. It uses a shock model based on Bernoulli trials and probabilities to remain in the same state or the next one. Data are adjusted to Lognormal distribution and proven with a Kolmogórov-Smirnov test. The vector obtained from multiplying the initial state vector with the transition matrix was developed and the system of equations to find each transition probability with a single inspection report was solved. In order to calculate propagation of internal corrosion after inspection, an exponential equation was proposed and a parameter was adjusted to the data. Time to expected failure was obtained by adding the time expected in each damage state. Each time step was adjusted to real time.

关键词： Localized Corrosion Cumulative Damage Failure Pipelines Markov Chains

Obesity and weight loss could alter the properties of adipose stem cells?

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第1期7卷 165-173页

作者： Leandra S Baptista karina R Silva Radovan Borojevic Laboratorio de bioengenharia de tecidos Instituto Nacional de Metrologia Qualidade e Tecnologia (Inmetro) Duque de Caxias 25250-020 Brazil Nucleo Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa em Xerem (Numpex-Bio) Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Campus de Xerem Rio de Janeiro 21941-590 Brazil Programa de Pos-graduacao em Clinica Medica Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Hospital Universitario Clementino Fraga Filho (HUCFF) Rio de Janeiro 21941-590 Brazil

The discovery that adipose tissue represents an interesting source of multipotent stem cells has led to many studies exploring the clinical potential of these cells in cell-based therapies. Recent advances in understanding the secretory capacity of adipose tissue and the role of adipokines in the development of obesity and associated disorders have added a new dimension to the study of adipose tissue biology in normal and diseased states. Subcutaneous adipose tissue forms the interface between the clinical application of regenerative medicine and the establishment of the pathological condition of obesity. These two facets of adipose tissue should be understood as potentially related phenomena. Because of the functional characteristics of adipose stem cells, these cells represent a fundamental tool for understanding how these two facets are interconnected and could be important for therapeutic applications. In fact, adipose tissue stem cells have multiple functions in obesity related to adipogenic, angiogenic and secretory capacities. In addition, we have also previously described a predominance of larger blood vessels and an adipogenic memory in the subcutaneous adipose tissue after massive weight loss subsequent to bariatric surgery(ex-obese patients). Understanding the reversibility of the behavior of adipose stem cells in obeses and in weight loss is relevant to both physiological studies and the potential use of these cells in regenerative medicine.

关键词： Adipose stem cells Subcutaneousadipose tissue Obesity Weight loss Regenerative medicine

Chemical Composition and Nutritional Evaluation of Cake Made with Flour Mixture of Pigeonpea and Rice

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2021年第11期12卷 1164-1176页

作者： Ferlando Lima Santos Wagna Santos Bruna Machado karina Fonseca Merian Oliveira Adriana Nascimento Federal University of Reconcavo da Bahia (UFRB) Cruz das Almas Brazil

This study aimed to develop and characterize a cake based on a flour mixture of pigeonpea and rice. Four cake formulations of different percentages of pigeonpea flour (PF) and Rice Flour (RF) (0% PF + 100% RF, 10% PF + 90% RF, 20% PF + 80% RF, 30% PF + 70% RF) were developed based on a traditional formulation. Microbiological, physicochemical and sensory evaluations were performed. The tasters preferred the mix formulation containing 30% pigeonpea and 70% rice (p product, with good acceptance and technological potential. This product meets the needs of the food industry, such as: 1) it is gluten-free;2) contributes for the adoption of healthy eating habits;3) promotes family farming;and 4) stimulates the consumption of regional vegetables that can be incorporated into school meals menus, rescuing the consumption habits of rice and beans and eventually valuing the traditional Brazilian diet. It is worth noting the low lipid, high fiber, iron and zinc content characteristic of the developed product.

关键词： Legumes Sensory Evaluation Food Technology

供方视角下慢性病分级诊疗与双向转诊障碍研究

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中国卫生经济 2023年第7期42卷 44-47页

作者：敖艺洲程瑜 karina Kielmann 邹冠炀广州中医药大学公共卫生与管理学院广州510006 中山大学社会学与人类学院广州510275 比利时安特卫普热带医学院比利时安特卫普Antwerp 2000 爱丁堡玛格丽特女王大学全球健康与发展研究中心英国爱丁堡Edinburgh EH216UU

目的:分析广东省部分地区慢性病分级诊疗与双向转诊存在的问题及其成因。方法:基于宏观、中观和微观3个层面,对广州市、清远市的基层卫生机构的41名医护人员就分级诊疗与双向转诊的实施情况开展深入访谈。结果:基层卫生机构存在转诊缺... 详细信息

目的:分析广东省部分地区慢性病分级诊疗与双向转诊存在的问题及其成因。方法:基于宏观、中观和微观3个层面,对广州市、清远市的基层卫生机构的41名医护人员就分级诊疗与双向转诊的实施情况开展深入访谈。结果:基层卫生机构存在转诊缺乏标准流程、病人下转较少、基层病人失访等问题。宏观层面的问题包括转诊体系缺乏规范等;中观层面包括医疗机构间的利益冲突等;微观层面包括医护个人态度对双向转诊的影响。结论:慢性病的长期管理对医疗体系协作有着较高要求,目前转诊体系和具体实施层面存在的问题影响了慢性病管理的连续性。应通过加强对双向转诊的监管、完善医保规则等措施优化慢性病分级诊疗与双向转诊的运行机制,增强慢性病管理的连续性,更好地满足基层群众的慢性病诊疗和管理需求。

关键词：慢性非传染性疾病管理分级诊疗双向转诊医保供方

The Prognostic Importance of EGFR and COX-2 Expression in Cervix Cancer Stages IIb-IVa

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2011年第1期2卷 9-15页

作者： Parvin Adimi karina Dahl Steffensen Doris Schledermann Eva Rye Rasmussen Anders Jakobsen 不详

Objectives. Locally advanced cervix cancer represents a therapeutic challenge with a delicate balance between effect and toxicity. Consequently, there is an obvious need for new prognostic parameters with a perspective of a more individualized treatment. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible prognostic importance of epidermal growth factor receptor and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in locally advanced cervix cancer. Methods. The study included 91 patients with cervix cancer, FIGO stages IIb-IVa, and were treated with curative intent according to the Nordic Cervix Cancer protocol (NOCECA). The median observation time was 7 years. Epidermal growth factor receptor and cyclooxygenase-2 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry using commercially available antibodies. The tumor marker expression was evaluated according to a semi-quantitative scoring system with a positive score when more than 10% of the tumor cells were moderately or strongly stained. Results. Epidermal growth factor receptor and cyclooxygenase-2 over-expression was found in 22% and 18% of the patients, respectively. The survival differed according to epidermal growth factor receptor and cyclooxygenase-2 over-expression as calculated by Kaplan-Meier plots and log-rank test (p = 0.0002 and p = 0.0084 respectively). A multivariate Cox Regression analysis identified each tumor marker as an independent prognostic factor. Conclusion. The results clearly indicate epidermal growth factor receptor and cyclooxygenase-2 hold important prognostic information, markedly appearing with a long-term observation. We found that both parameters were independent prognostic factors, and to further clarify this matter our retrospective analysis should be confirmed in a prospective study with more patients.

关键词： Gynecologic Oncology Cervical Cancer EGFR COX-2 Prognostic Marker

Formal Auditory Training with Individuals after Traumatic Brain Injury

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Health 2017年第6期9卷 975-986页

作者： Andréa Tortosa Marangoni ítalo Capraro Suriano Ana karina Lima Buriti Daniela Gil Universidade Federal de Sã o Paulo—UNIFESP S&#227 o Paulo Brazil

Purpose: Establishing the effects of a formal auditory training program on individuals, after a traumatic brain injury by means of behavioral and electrophysiological tests. Study Design: Longitudinal study. Setting: Study conducted at the electrophysiology clinic of the Federal University of São Paulo. Patients: Nine individuals with normal hearing, 20 to 37 years old, who were exposed to severe traumatic brain injury (score of 3 - 8 on the Glasgow Coma Scale upon hospital admission), 6 - 24 months earlier (11 months on average) and had imaging tests showing diffuse axonal injury with or without associated focal lesion. Intervention(s): subjected to a formal auditory training program in an acoustic booth involving eight 45-minute sessions aiming at training the auditory temporal order judgment (frequency and duration of sounds), auditory closure, and figure-ground separation skills for verbal and nonverbal sounds in monotic and dichotic listening tasks. The sessions and activities, in each session, were organized in increasing order of complexity to challenge the auditory system. In order to establish the efficacy of the auditory training, all participants were subjected to behavioral and electrophysiological assessments of the auditory processing, before and after the formal auditory training. Results: On the electrophysiological assessment, the absolute latencies of waves III and V, and of interpeak interval I-V decreased after the auditory training. However, the P300 did not exhibit a significant difference in either the latency or the amplitude parameters. Regarding the behavioral assessment of the auditory processing, it was verified that adequacy of the auditory figure-ground skills for verbal sounds, and the temporal order judging skills. Conclusions: individuals with diffuse axonal injury following a severe traumatic brain injury exhibited an improvement of central auditory processing after formal auditory training, as manifested on electrophysiologica

关键词： Hearing Evoked Potentials Auditory Neuronal Plasticity Brain Injuries

Health within the Leeds Migrant Roma Community;An Exploration of Health Status and Needs within One UK Area

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Health 2017年第4期9卷 669-684页

作者： Louise Warwick-Booth Joanne Trigwell karina Kinsella Kathryn Jeffreys Derek Sankar Marketa Dolezalova Leeds Beckett University Leeds UK Leeds City Council Leeds UK Advocacy Leeds UK

Existing evidence shows that many Roma communities have received little attention in relation to their health requirements. Evidence illustrates how Roma communities suffer from poorer health and unhealthier living conditions when compared to majority populations, with their poor health closely linked to wider social determinants. This study explored the health status and associated health needs of the Leeds Roma migrant community, a hard to reach and under-explored group across Europe. Questionnaires (n = 70) and focus groups (n = 43) with Roma community members as well as interviews with health professionals (n = 5) working with them were used. The study found language was a key barrier to accessing health care and understanding health messages. Furthermore, participant’s understandings of the health system were hindered by their different experiences within their countries of origin. Self-reports illustrated low mental well-being, high levels of stress and unhealthy lifestyles as common issues. The research also highlighted several wider determinants of health as key concerns within the Roma community including housing, employment opportunities and money. The findings of this study contribute to increasing understandings of this community’s health needs, their support requirements and the barriers faced by them. These need to be considered to inform strategies and ways of working as mechanisms to tackle health inequalities and promote health within this community.

关键词： Roma Health Needs Access to Services Social Determinants of Health Mixed Methods