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Are there sex-based disparities in cataract surgery?

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 137-143页

作者： Matthew D.Geiger Anne M.lynch Alan G.Palestine Nathan c.Grove karen l.c.ristopher Richard S.Davidson Michael J.Taravella Naresh Mandava Jennifer l.Patnaik Department of Ophthalmology University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

AIM:To investigate sex-based differences in the occurrence of intra-operative and post-operative complications and associated visual outcomes following cataract ***:This was a retrospective study of patients who had phacoemulsification cataract surgery at the University of colorado School of *** collected included the patient’s health history,ocular comorbidities,operative and post-operative complications,and the post-operative best corrected visual acuity(BcVA).The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to account for the correlation of some patients having two eyes included in the ***:A total of 11977 eyes from 7253 patients were included in the *** comorbidities differed by sex,with males having significantly higher percentages of traumatic cataracts(males 0.7%vs females 0.1%),prior ocular surgery(6.7%vs 5.5%),and mature cataracts(2.8%vs 1.9%).conversely,females had significantly higher rates of pseudoexfoliation(2.0%vs 3.2%).In unadjusted analysis,males had higher rates of posterior capsular rupture(0.8%vs 0.4%)and vitreous loss(1.0%vs 0.6%),but this difference was not significant after adjustment for *** had a significantly increased risk of post-operative retinal detachment,but in multivariable analysis this was no longer *** were significantly less likely to undergo post-operative neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd:YAG)laser capsulotomy for posterior capsule opacification(OR=0.8,95%cI=0.7-0.9,P=0.0005).The BcVA was slightly worse for males pre-operatively;but post-operatively,both sexes exhibited similar visual acuity of Snellen equivalent 20/***:The study finds that in a cohort of patients presenting for cataract surgery,sex differences exist in pre-operative comorbidities and surgical characteristics that contribute to higher rates of some complications for ***,observed surgical complicatio

关键词： cataract surgery sex-based disparity phacoemulsification outcomes

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Alzheimer’s visual variant: a report of a diagnosis easily missed on ophthalmic examination

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第8期17卷 1571-1575页

作者： Jorge cárdenas-Belaunzarán lorena Wheelock-Gutierrez karen Acerrillo-Avila Department of Neuro-Ophthalmology Association to Prevent Blindness in MexicoI.A.P.Mexico City 04030Mexico Independent Researcher Mexico City 04040Mexico

Dear Editor,We present a case of posterior cortical atrophy(PcA),which is a syndromic entity caused by different neurodegenerative diseases,mainly Alzheimer’s disease,but it has been described in several other *** frequency is reported to be as high as 5%of all cases;however,it remains widely under-recognized among ophthalmologists and optometrists due to scarce reports in visual health-related journals[1].

关键词： diagnosis Alzheimer diseases

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Prospective cohort study on facial profile changes in infants with Robin sequence and healthy controls

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第6期20卷 581-589页

作者： cornelia Wiechers Julian Sowula karen Kreutzer christoph E.Schwarz christina Weismann Michael Krimmel christian F.Poets Bernd Koos Department of Neonatology Tuebingen University HospitalCalwerstrasse 772076 TuebingenGermany center for cleft lip Palate and Craniofacial MalformationsTuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany Department of Orthodontics Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany

Background Various conservative and surgical approaches exist to treat Robin sequence(RS),but their effects on facial profile and mandibular catch-up growth are unclear.A functional treatment concept,used in our centre for 25 years,includes an individualized palatal plate with a velo-pharyngeal extension and intensive feeding *** We performed a prospective study to objectively describe facial profiles in infants with RS treated with the above *** with isolated RS were admitted to our tertiary perinatal and national referral centre for craniofacial malformations between May 2018 and Nov *** with RS received 3D-photographs during clinically indicated *** controls were recruited from Dec 2018 to Sep 2019 and received 3D-photographs every 3 *** digitally measured jaw index(JI),defined as alveolar overjet(O)x maxillary arch(U)/mandibular arch(l),and the soft tissue reference points A’-point,Nasion’,B’-point angle(ANB’),describing the relative position of maxilla to mandible,were *** mixed models were used to examine time trajectories in JI and ANB’.Results A total of 2073D images,obtained in 19 infants with RS and 32 controls,were *** and ANB’decreased over time in both groups[for JI−0.18(95%cI−0.25 to−0.10);for ANB’:−0.40°per month[(95%cI−0.48 to−0.32)]]but remained lower in controls[for JI−2.5(95%cI−3.2 to−1.8);for ANB’-1.7°(95%cI−2.4 to−1.0)].Also,the ANB’model showed a significant effect of the interaction term diagnosis x *** Based on longitudinal 3D images,we describe changes in objective parameters of facial profile in infants with and without RS during the first year of *** findings indicate catch-up growth in infants treated for RS.

关键词： Infant Mandibular catch-up growth Pre-epiglottic Baton Plate Robin sequence Three-dimensional photography

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A novel diagnostic gene region for distinguishing between two pest fruit flies:Bactrocera tryoni(Froggatt)and Bactrocera neohumeralis(Hardy)(Diptera:Tephritidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1285-1295页

作者： Melissa l.Starkie Elizabeth V.Fowler Alexander M.Piper Xiaocheng Zhu Pauline Wyatt David Gopurenko Matt N.Krosch Francesca Strutt karen F.Armstrong Hamish Patrick Mark K.Schutze Mark J.Blacket Department of Agriculture and Fisheries BiosecurityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Agriculture Victoria AgriBioBundooraVictoriaAustralia Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia Forensic Services Group Queensland Police ServiceBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Pest-management and conservation Lincoln UniversityLincolnNew Zealand Better Border Biosecurity(B3 B3nz.org.nz)LincolnNew Zealand

Bactrocera tryoni and Bactrocera neohumeralis are morphologically similar sibling pest fruit fly species that possess different biological attributes,geographic distributions,and host *** need to differentiate between the two species is critical for accurate pest status assessment,management,biosecurity,and maintenance of reference *** morphologically similar,adults may be separated based on subtle characters;however,some characters exhibit intraspecific variability,creating overlap between the two ***,there is currently no single molecular marker or rapid diagnostic assay that can reliably distinguish between *** and ***;therefore,ambiguous samples remain *** we report the first molecular marker that can consistently distinguish between *** and *** diagnostic region consists of two adjacent single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)within the pangolin(pan)gene *** confirmed the genotypes of each species are consistent across their distributional range,then developed a tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS)PcR assay for rapid diagnosis of the *** assay utilizes four primers in multiplex,with two outer universal primers,and two internal primers:one designed to target two adjacent SNPs(AA)present in *** and the other targeting adjacent SNPs present in ***(GG).The assay accurately discriminates between the two species,but their SNP genotypes are shared with other nontarget tephritid fruit fly ***,this assay is most suited to adult diagnostics where species confirmation is necessary in determining ambiguous surveillance trap catches;maintaining pure colony lines;and in Sterile Insect Technique management responses.

关键词： ARMS-PcR colony molecular diagnostics pangolin tetra-primer

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The AlMaQUEST Survey XV: The dependence of the molecular-to-atomic gas ratios on resolved optical diagnostics

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年

作者： Niankun Yu Zheng Zheng chao-Wei Tsai Pei Zuo Sara l.Ellison David V.Stark Di li Jingwen Wu karen l.Masters Ting Xiao Yinghui Zheng Zongnan li Kai Zhang Hongying chen Shu liu Sihan Jiao Fanyi Meng School of Physics Zhejiang University National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Key laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal University School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Victoria Departments of Physics and Astronomy Haverford College Space Telescope Science Institute Zhejiang laboratory New cornerstone Science laboratory

The atomic-to-molecular gas conversion is a critical step in the baryon cycle of galaxies,which sets the initial conditions for subsequent star formation and influences the multi-phase interstellar *** compiled a sample of 94 nearby galaxies with observations of multi-phase gas contents by utilizing public H i,cO,and optical IFU data from the Ma NGA survey together with new FAST H i *** agreement with previous results,our sample shows that the global molecular-to-atomic gas ratio Rmol=log MH2/MH1is correlated with the global stellar mass surface density μ*with a Kendall’sτcoefficient of 0.25and pless tightly but still correlated with stellar mass and NUV-r color,and not related to the specific star formation rate （sSFR）.The cold gas distribution and kinematics inferred from the H i and cO global profile asymmetry and shape do not significantly rely on *** to the availability of kpc-scale observations of Ma NGA,we decompose galaxies into H ii,composite,and AGN-dominated regions by using the BPT *** increasing Rmol,the fraction of H ii regions within1.5 effective radius decreases slightly;the density distribution in the spatially resolved BPT diagram also changes significantly,suggesting changes in metallicity and ionization *** with high Rmoltend to have high oxygen abundance,both at one effective radius with a Kendall’sτcoefficient of 0.37 (pcentral *** all parameters investigated here,the oxygen abundance at one effective radius has the strongest relation with global *** dependence of gas conversion on gas distribution and galaxy ionization states is *** contrast,the observed positive relation between oxygen abundance（μ*） and Rmolindicates that the gas conversion is efficient in regions of high metallicity （density）.

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The AlMaQUEST Survey ⅩⅤ: The dependence of the molecular-to-atomic gas ratios on resolved optical diagnostics

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第9期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 178-200页

作者： Niankun Yu Zheng Zheng chao-Wei Tsai Pei Zuo Sara l.Ellison David V.Stark Di li Jingwen Wu karen l.Masters Ting Xiao Yinghui Zheng Zongnan li Kai Zhang Hongying chen Shu liu Sihan Jiao Fanyi Meng National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Key laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal University School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Victoria Departments of Physics and Astronomy Haverford College Space Telescope Science Institute Zhejiang laboratory New cornerstone Science laboratory School of Physics Zhejiang University

The atomic-to-molecular gas conversion is a critical step in the baryon cycle of galaxies,which sets the initial conditions for subsequent star formation and influences the multi-phase interstellar *** compiled a sample of 94 nearby galaxies with observations of multi-phase gas contents by utilizing public HⅠ,cO,and optical IFU data from the Ma NGA survey together with new FAST HⅠ*** agreement with previous results,our sample shows that the global molecular-to-atomic gas ratio(Rmol≡log MH2/MHⅠ) is correlated with the global stellar mass surface density μ*with a Kendall's τ coefficient of 0.25 and pless tightly but still correlated with stellar mass and NUV-r color,and not related to the specific star formation rate（sSFR）.The cold gas distribution and kinematics inferred from the HⅠand cO global profile asymmetry and shape do not significantly rely on *** to the availability of kpc-scale observations of MaNGA,we decompose galaxies into HⅡ,composite,and AGN-dominated regions by using the BPT *** increasing Rmol,the fraction of HⅡregions within 1.5 effective radius decreases slightly;the density distribution in the spatially resolved BPT diagram also changes significantly,suggesting changes in metallicity and ionization *** with high Rmoltend to have high oxygen abundance,both at one effective radius with a Kendall's τ coefficient of 0.37(pcentral *** all parameters investigated here,the oxygen abundance at one effective radius has the strongest relation with global *** dependence of gas conversion on gas distribution and galaxy ionization states is *** contrast,the observed positive relation between oxygen abundance（μ*） and Rmolindicates that the gas conversion is efficient in regions of high metallicity（density）.

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Optimal transcorneal electrical stimulation parameters for preserving photoreceptors in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2543-2552页

作者： Sam Enayati karen chang Anton lennikov Menglu Yang cherin lee Ajay Ashok Farris Elzaridi christina Yen Kasim Gunes Jia Xie Kin-Sang cho Tor Paaske Utheim Dong Feng chen Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear Department of OphthalmologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Institute of clinical medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Medical Biochemistry Oslo University HospitalUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Ophthalmology Drammen HospitalVestre Viken Hospital TrustDrammenNorway Department of Histology and Embryology School of MedicineMarmara UniversityIstanbulTurkiye

Retinitis pigmentosa is a hereditary retinal disease that affects rod and cone photoreceptors,leading to progressive photoreceptor *** research supports the beneficial effect of electrical stimulation on photoreceptor *** study aims to identify the most effective electrical stimulation parameters and functional advantages of transcorneal electrical stimulation(tcES)in mice affected by inherited retinal ***,the study seeked to analyze the electric field that reaches the retina in both eyes in mice and post-mortem *** this study,we recorded waveforms and voltages directed to the retina during transcorneal electrical stimulation in c57Bl/6J mice using an intraocular needle probe with rectangular,sine,and ramp *** investigate the functional effects of electrical stimulation on photoreceptors,we used human retinal explant cultures and rhodopsin knockout(Rho^(-/-))mice,demonstrating progressive photoreceptor degeneration with *** retinal explants isolated from the donors’eyes were then subjected to electrical stimulation and cultured for 48 hours to simulate the neurodegenerative environment in *** density was evaluated by rhodopsin *** vivo Rho^(-/-)mice were subjected to two 5-day series of daily transcorneal electrical stimulation using rectangular and ramp *** function and visual perception of mice were evaluated by electroretinography and optomotor response(OMR),*** was used to assess the morphological and biochemical changes of the photoreceptor and bipolar cells in mouse *** recordings indicated effective delivery of rectangular,sine,and ramp waveforms to the retina by transcorneal electrical stimulation,of which the ramp waveform required the lowest *** of the total conductive resistance of the post-mortem human compared to the mouse eyes indicated higher cornea-to-retina resistance in human *** tem

关键词： bipolar cells electrical stimulation neuroprotection photoreceptor degeneration retina retinal explants retinitis pigmentosa transcorneal electrical stimulation waveform

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Deregulation of interferon-gamma receptor 1 expression and its implications for lung adenocarcinoma progression

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World Journal of clinical Oncology 2024年第2期15卷 195-207页

作者： Angeles c Tecalco-cruz karen H Medina-Abreu Enrique Oropeza-Martínez Jesus Zepeda-cervantes AleidaVázquez-Macías Marina Macías-Silva Posgrado en ciencias Genómicas Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de MéxicoCDMX 03100Mexico Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCDMX 04510Mexico colegio de ciencias y Humanidades Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de MéxicoCDMX 03100Mexico Instituo de Fisiología celular Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCDMX 04510Mexico

Interferon-gamma(IFN-γ)plays a dual role in cancer;it is both a pro-and an antitumorigenic cytokine,depending on the type of *** deregulation of the IFN-γcanonic pathway is associated with several disorders,including vulner-ability to viral infections,inflammation,and cancer *** particular,the interplay between lung adenocarcinoma(lUAD)and viral infections appears to exist in association with the deregulation of IFN-γ*** this mini-review,we investigated the status of the IFN-γsignaling pathway and the expression level of its components in ***,a reduction in IFNGR1 expression seems to be associated with lUAD progression,affecting defenses against viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus *** addition,alterations in the expression of IFNGR1 may inhibit the antiproliferative action of IFN-γsignaling in lUAD.

关键词： Interferon-gamma IFNGR1 JAK1 Antiviral Anti-tumor lung adenocarcinoma

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clinical and demographic features of patients undergoing videocapsule endoscopy management:A descriptive study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第7期16卷 424-431页

作者： María c Mejía luis G Piñeros luis M Pombo laura A león Jenny A Velásquez Aníbal A Teherán karen P Ayala Research center Fundación Universitaria Juan N.CorpasBogotá111321Colombia Fundación Universitaria Juan N.corpas Bogotá111321Colombia Department of Gastroenterology Universidad Militar Nueva GranadaBogotá111711Colombia Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Universitario Clínica San RafaelBogotá111711Colombia

BAcKGROUND Video-capsule endoscopy(VcE)is an efficient tool that has proven to be highly useful in approaching several gastrointestinal *** was implemented in colombia in 2003,however current characterization of patients undergoing VcE in colombia is limited,and mainly comes from two investigations conducted before the SARS-coV-2 pandemic *** To describe the characteristics of patients undergoing VcEs and establish the main indications,findings,technical limitations,and other outstanding *** A descriptive study was carried out using data from reports of VcE(Pillcam SB3 system)use in a Gastroenterology Unit in Bogotá,colombia between September 2019 and January *** and clinical variables such as indication for the VcE,gastric and small bowel transit times(GTT,SBTT),endoscopic preparation quality,and limitations were described[n(%),median(IQR)].RESUlTS A total of 133 VcE reports were *** were in men with a median age of 70 *** majority had good preparation(96.2%),and there were technical limitations in 15.8%of *** main indications were unexplained anemia(91%)or occult bleeding(23.3%).The median GTT and SBTT were 14 and 30 minutes,*** frequencies of bleeding stigma(3.79%)and active bleeding(9.09%)were low,and the most frequent abnormal findings were red spots(28.3%),erosions(17.6%),and vascular ectasias(12.5%).cONclUSION VcE showed high-level *** main indication was unexplained *** bleeding was the most frequent *** with artificial intelligence,VcE can improve diagnostic precision and targeted therapeutic interventions.

关键词： Endoscopy Video-capsule endoscopy capsule endoscopy Gastrointestinal diseases Observational study Gastrointestinal bleeding

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An integrative bioinformatics pipeline shows that honeybee-associated microbiomes are driven primarily by pollen composition

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Insect Science 2023年第2期30卷 555-568页

作者： Douglas chesters Xiuwei liu karen l.Bell Michael c.Orr Tingting Xie Qingsong Zhou chaodong Zhu Key laboratory ofZoological Systematics andEvolution Institute ofZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBejingChina International college University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBejingChina Institute of Agro-Products Processing Yunnan Province Academy of Agricultural ScienceKunmingChina School of Biological Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia cSIRO Health&Biosecurity FloreatWAAustralia college of life Sciences Anhui Normal UniversityWuhuAnhui ProvinceChina State Key laboratory of Integrated Pest Management Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina college of Biological Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

The microbiomes associated with bee nests influence colony health through various mechanisms,although it is not yet clear how honeybee congeners differ in microbiome assembly processes,in particular the degrees to which floral visitations and the environment contribute to different aspects of *** used DNA metabarcoding to sequence bacterial 16S rRNA from honey and stored pollen from nests of 4 honeybee species(Apis cerana,***,***,and ***)sampled throughout Yunnan,china,a global biodiversity *** developed a computational pipeline integrating multiple databases for quantifying key facets of diversity,including compositional,taxonomic,phylogenetic,and functional ***,we assessed candidate drivers of observed microbiome dissimilarity,particularly differences in floral visitations,habitat disturbance,and other key environmental *** revealed that microbiome alpha diversity was broadly equivalent across the study sites and between bee species,apart from functional diversity which was very low in nests of the reclusive *** in microbiome composition across Yunnan was driven predominantly by pollen *** disturbance negatively impacted both compositional and phylogenetic alpha diversity of nest microbiomes,but did not correlate with microbial *** herein make progress in understanding microbiome diversity associated with key pollinators in a biodiversity hotspot,and provide a model for the use of a comprehensive informatics framework in assessing pattern and drivers of diversity,which enables the inclusion of explanatory variables both subtly and fundamentally different and enables elucidation of emergent or unexpected drivers.

关键词： Apis biodiversity hotspot honeybee informatics metabarcoding microbiome

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