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ABA accumulation above endogenous levels is necessary for desiccation tolerance in Physcomitrella patens

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ABA accumulation above endogenous levels is necessary for de...

Nutrient stimulation of mesenteric blood flow-implications for older critically ill patients

2016年全国植物生物学大会

作者： lihong Xiao Abou Yobi karen l.Koster Yikun He Melvin J.Oliver School of life Sciences Capital Normal University Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Plant Genetics Research Unit Midwest AreaAgricultural Research ServiceUnited States Department of AgricultureUniversity of Missouri Department of Biology University of South Dakota

The moss Physcomitrella patens,a model system for basal land plants,highly tolerates several abiotic stresses,including dehydration. We previously reported that Physcomitrella survives dehydration to-13 MPa under controlled drying regimes that bring the water potential of the moss to equilibrium with the air in 6 days. Tolerance of more rapid desiccation to water potentials below-100 MPa was only achieved by pre-treatment with exogenous ABA. We now report that gametophores can survive desiccation below-100 MPa under a gradual drying regime that more closely mimics the dehydration dynamics it would experience in its natural habitat. To explain the difference in response to drying rate,we hypothesized that gradual drying allows P. patens plants to progressively synthesize to reach levels that are required for the induction of desiccation tolerance. To address this hypothesis,we measured the endogenous ABA levels of protonemata and gametophores under different drying regimes. We also assessed the minimum concentration of exogenous ABA and the length of exposure to ABA required for induction of desiccation tolerance in the moss. Results from this work will provide insight into ongoing studies to uncover the underlying mechanisms of desiccation tolerance in this bryophyte.

关键词： Physcomitrella patens desiccation tolerance gradual dehydration equilibrium dehydration abscisic acid

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2017年第1期6卷 28-36页

作者： Thu AN Nguyen Yasmine Ali Abdelhamid liza K Phillips leeanne S Chapple Michael Horowitz karen l Jones Adam M Deane Discipline of Acute Care Medicine University of Adelaide National Health and Medical Research Council Centre for Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health Endocrine and Metabolic Unit Royal Adelaide Hospital Discipline of Medicine University of Adelaide Intensive Care Unit Royal Melbourne Hospital University of Melbourne

Nutrient ingestion induces a substantial increase in mesenteric blood flow. In older persons(aged ≥ 65 years), particularly those with chronic medical conditions, the cardiovascular compensatory response may be inadequate to maintain systemic blood pressure during mesenteric blood pooling, leading to postprandial hypotension. In older ambulatory persons, postprandial hypotension is an important pathophysiological condition associated with an increased propensity for syncope, falls, coronary vascular events, stroke and death. In older critically ill patients, the administration of enteral nutrition acutely increases mesenteric blood flow, but whether this pathophysiological response is protective, or precipitates mesenteric ischaemia, is unknown. There are an increasing number of older patients surviving admission to intensive care units, who are likely to be at increased risk of postprandial hypotension, both during, and after, their stay in hospital. In this review, we describe the prevalence, impact and mechanisms of postprandial hypotension in older people and provide an overview of the impact of postprandial hypotension on feeding prescriptions in older critically ill patients. Finally, we provide evidence that postprandial hypotension is likely to be an unrecognised problem in older survivors of critical illness and discuss potential options for management.

关键词： Postprandial hypotension Enteral nutrition Critical care Aged Mesenteric ischaemia

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老年人的预防护理

国际护理学杂志 1980年第1期01卷 29-30页

作者：何碧云 ,karen l.Combs 注册护士科学硕士

老年人,不同于青年一代,每时每日都不断地关心着自己的健康;早上起来觉得手足僵硬,日间又感叹自己力气大不如前。预防护理不能减缓衰老进程,但它在保健问题上,对早期发现、减轻既有疾苦、防免复杂并发症起着决定性意义。大量年长者进入6... 详细信息

老年人,不同于青年一代,每时每日都不断地关心着自己的健康;早上起来觉得手足僵硬,日间又感叹自己力气大不如前。预防护理不能减缓衰老进程,但它在保健问题上,对早期发现、减轻既有疾苦、防免复杂并发症起着决定性意义。大量年长者进入65岁或以上,加强预防护理可以减少发病率和死亡,从而提高人生价值。据统计,美国老年人约占总人口10%,约有两千两百万(增长计划到1980年为二千四百万)。在二千二百万老年人中,81%有自己的家,14%与戚友同居,仅有5%住进养老院。虽然80%的老年人都有一至二种慢性病,但其中82%未进养老院,他们的活动是无法控制的。根据概率统计,女的寿命预计为74岁,男的为67岁。预防护理包括采集资料,分析问题,制订计划,

关键词：预防护理人生价值早期发现血压人生观老年人健康老人

Genome-Wide linkage and Positional Association Analyses Identify Associations of Novel AFF3 and NTM Genes with Triglycerides:The GenSalt Study

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2015年第3期42卷 107-117页

作者： Changwei li lydia A.l.Bazzano Dabeeru C.Rao James E.Hixson Jiang He Dongfeng Gu Charles C.Gu lawrence C.Shimmin Cashell E.Jaquish karen Schwander De-Pei liu Jianfeng Huang Fanghong lu Jie Cao Shen Chong Xiangfeng lu Tanika N.Kelly Department of Epidemiology Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine Department of Medicine Tulane University School of Medicine Division of Biostatistics Washington University School of Medicine Department of Epidemiology Human Genetics and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Texas School of Public Health State Key laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Fuwai HospitalNational Center of Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Division of Prevention and Population Sciences National HeartLungBlood Institute National laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Institute of Basic Medicine Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Nanjing Medical University School of Public Health

We conducted a genome-wide linkage scan and positional association study to identify genes and variants influencing blood lipid levels among participants of the Genetic Epidemiology Network of Salt-Sensitivity （GenSalt） study. The GenSalt study was conducted among 1906 participants from 633 Han Chinese families. lipids were measured from overnight fasting blood samples using standard methods. Multipoint quantitative trait genome-wide linkage scans were performed on the high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and log- transformed triglyceride phenotypes. Using dense panels of single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs）, single-marker and gene-based association analyses were conducted to follow-up on promising linkage signals. Additive associations between each SNP and lipid phenotypes were tested using mixed linear regression models. Gene-based analyses were performed by combining P-values from single- marker analyses within each gene using the truncated product method （TPM）. Significant associations were assessed for replication among 777 Asian participants of the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis （MESA）. Bonferroni correction was used to adjust for multiple testing. In the GenSalt study, suggestive linkage signals were identified at 2p11.2-2q12.1 [maximum multipoint lOD score （MMl） = 2.18 at 2q11.2] and t lq24.3-11q25 （MMl = 2.29 at 11q25） for the log-transformed triglyceride phenotype. Follow-up analyses of these two regions revealed gene-based associations of charged multivesicular body protein 3 （CHMP3）, ring finger protein 103 （RNF103）, AF4/FMR2 family, member 3 （AFF3）, and neurotrirnin （NTM） with triglycerides （P = 4 ×10^-4, 1.00 × 10^-5, 2.00 × 10^-5, and 1.00 × 10^-7, respectively）. Both the AFF3 and NTM triglyceride associations were replicated among MESA study participants（P = 1.00 × 10^-7 and 8.00× 10^-5, respectively）. Furthermore, NTM explained the linkage signal on chromosome 11, In conclusion, we identified novel genes associated with lipid

关键词： lipids linkage analysis Positional association analysis Gene-based analysis

Physical activity, screen time and pediatric health-related quality of life in the Mississippi Delta

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2012年第1期2卷 105-111页

作者： Tamara T. Perry Page C. Moore karen M. Redwine James M. Robbins Judith l. Weber Department of Pediatrics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock USA

Background: The association of physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) on health-related quality of life (HRQOl) among predominantly low-income children in the Mississippi Delta region has not been previously described. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional survey to assess health risks from a representative sample of the population ≥3 years old in the Delta Region of Arkansas, louisiana, and Mississippi. linear models were utilized to examine Pediatric Quality of life Inventory (PedsQl) scores based on reported PA and ST. Results: Median age of the 371 participants was 9.8 years, 57% were African American, and 26% had annual household income ≤$14,999. Overall, 262 (75%) were categorized as physically active and 48% reported >2 hours ST per day. Children reporting exercising 5 - 7 days per week had significantly better PedsQl total score (84.3 vs 80.8;p 2 hours per day) did not significantly impact HRQOl. Conclusions: Findings suggest that PA among children living in the Mississippi Delta was related to higher HRQOl;however, the positive effects of PA on HRQOl may be less for minority and low-income children.

关键词： Physical Activity Screen Time Quality of life Pediatrics

Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”,“acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy”

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Bone Research 2019年第3期7卷 225-242页

作者： Elysia A. Masters Ryan P. Trombetta karen l. de Mesy Bentley Brendan F Boyce Ann lindley Gill Steven R. Gill Kohei Nishitani Masahiro Ishikawa Yugo Morita Hiromu Ito Sheila N. Bello-Irizarry Mark Ninomiya James D. Brodell Jr. Charles C. lee Stephanie P. Hao Irvin Oh Chao Xie Hani A. Awad John l. Daiss John R. Owen Stephen l. Kates Edward M. Schwarz Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan Center for Musculoskeletal Research University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Pathology and laboratory Medicine University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Orthopaedics University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Microbiology & Immunology University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center Richmond VA USA

Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by microbial infection of bone. While the frequency of infection following elective orthopedic surgery is low, rates of reinfection are disturbingly high. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the majority of chronic osteomyelitis cases and is often considered to be incurable due to bacterial persistence deep within bone. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on clinical classifications of osteomyelitis and the ensuing treatment algorithm. Given the high patient morbidity,mortality, and economic burden caused by osteomyelitis, it is important to elucidate mechanisms of bone infection to inform novel strategies for prevention and curative treatment. Recent discoveries in this field have identified three distinct reservoirs of bacterial biofilm including: Staphylococcal abscess communities in the local soft tissue and bone marrow, glycocalyx formation on implant hardware and necrotic tissue, and colonization of the osteocyte-lacuno canalicular network(OlCN) of cortical bone. In contrast, *** intracellular persistence in bone cells has not been substantiated in vivo, which challenges this mode of chronic osteomyelitis. There have also been major advances in our understanding of the immune proteome against S. aureus, from clinical studies of serum antibodies and media enriched for newly synthesized antibodies(MENSA), which may provide new opportunities for osteomyelitis diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccine development. Finally, novel therapies such as antimicrobial implant coatings and antibiotic impregnated 3D-printed scaffolds represent promising strategies for preventing and managing this devastating disease. Here, we review these recent advances and highlight translational opportunities towards a cure.

关键词： disease caused by soft tissue necrotic tissuel

Dietary isothiocyanates （ITCs）, glutathione s- transferase （GST） polymorphism and risk of squamous cell carcinoma （OSCC）

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中国口腔颌面外科杂志 2008年第B5期6卷 152-153页

作者： karen l. P. Ng Marhazlinda Jamaludin Sharifah Hamid S. C. Cheong Rosnah B. Zain Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC) . Faculty of Dentistry University of Malayo Kuala Lumpur Malaysio Informatics Unit Faculty of Dentistry University of Malayo Kuala Lumpur Initiatives Foundation (CA RIF) S. C. Cheong.Subang Jaya Selangor Malaysia

Purpose: Dietary intake of cruciferous vegetables (Brassica spp。) has been reported to reduce cancer risk, and this has been attributed to their high content of glucosinolate degradation products such as isothiocyanates (ITCs)。These compounds act as anti-carcinogens by inducing phase II conjugating enzymes, in particular glutathione S-transferases (GSTs)。These enzymes also metabolize ITCs, such that the protective effect of cruciferous vegetables may predicate on GST genotype。Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between dietary ITCs and the GST genotype with OSCC risk。Methods: Case-control study of 115 oral cancer cases and 115 controls were selected from patients in the Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), University of Malaya (UM) database between June 2006 and January 2007。Information on dietary ITC intake from cruciferous vegetables was collected via a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and peripheral blood lymphocytes were obtained for genotyping of GSTM1, G STT 1 and GSTP 1。The characteristics of the cases and controls were compared using chi-square analysis。Odd ratios (OR) were calculated to assess the association between polymorphism in GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 and ITC with OSCC。Stratified analysis was performed to investigate the role of ITC in modulating the risk of OSCC in patients who have polymorphisms in the genes mentioned。Statistical analyses were carded out using the SPSS (ver 12)。Results: When categorized into high (greater than/equal to median) and low (less than median) intake, higher dietary intake of ITC was observed in cases compared to controls but the difference was not statistically significant (OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.67—1.89)。There were no significant associations between GSTM1, GSTT1 or GSTP1 genotypes and OSCC。However, among individuals with GSTP1 null, a 20% reduction in risk among high versus low consumers of ITC was observed (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.39—1.64)。Conclusion: This study suggests

关键词：鳞状细胞癌治疗方法临床分析谷胱甘肽

Impact of a Pharmacist Implemented Protocol on Overall Use of Alvimopan （Entereg） and length of Stay in laparoscopic Colorectal Surgeries

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2016年第10期4卷 521-525页

作者： Halle M. Orlinski Rachana R. Patel Bradley J. Champagne Joseph A. Trunzo karen l. Kier University Hospitals St. John Medical Center Westlake Ohio 44145 USA

The primary objective of this study is to assess the impact of a pharmacist-implemented protocol on number of post-operative alvimopan doses. The secondary objective of this study is to assess lOS （length of stay）, in days, before and after protocol implementation. A retrospective chart review was conducted from October 2015 through March 2016 for all laparoscopic colorectal surgeries. Number of post-operative alvimopan doses received and lOS was recorded for each patient that received at least one dose of alvimopan. Comparative data, before protocol implementation, from November 2014 through June 2015 were analyzed against the study data. Number of post-operative alvimopan doses and lOS were recorded. The mean number of doses was 6.41 in the comparator group and 4.25 in the study group （probability size P 〈 0.001）, which did meet statistical significance. Although the secondary objective was not statistically significant, lOS slightly decreased as the mean lOS was 5.01 days in the comparator group versus 4.49 days in the study group （P = 0.256）. At the current price of $120 per capsule, close to $30,000 was saved during the study period, projecting an annual cost savings of approximately $68,000. Results from this study show that pharmacists can play a vital role in cost savings and ensuring appropriate use of certain high-risk medications, like alvimopan, without increasing overall length of stay.

关键词： Alvimopan pharmacist-implemented colorectal cost savings.

Impact of black cherry on pedunculate oak vitality in mixed forests:Balancing benefits and concerns

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第6期10卷 690-699页

作者： Ellen Desie Bart Muys Jan den Ouden Bart Nyssen Rita Sousa-Silva leon van den Berg Arnold van den Burg Gert-Jan van Duinen Koenraad Van Meerbeek Maaike Weijters karen Vancampenhout Division Forest Nature and LandscapeKU Leuven Campus GeelKleinhoefstraat 4B-2240 GeelBelgium Division Forest Nature and LandscapeKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200EBox 2411B-3001 LeuvenBelgium KU leuven Plant Institute B-3001 LeuvenBelgium Forest Ecology and Management Group Wageningen UniversityP.O.Box 47Wageningenthe Netherlands Bosgroep Zuid-Nederland Huisvenseweg 145591 VD Heezethe Netherlands Young Academy for Sustainability Research University of Freiburg79104 Freiburg im BreisgauGermany Aquatic Ecology&Environmental Biology Radboud University NijmegenHeyendaalseweg 1356525 AJ Nijmegenthe Netherlands Biosphere/Zoological Museum Netherlands Onderlangs 176731 BK Otterlothe Netherlands Stichting Bargerveen Toernooiveld 16525 ED Nijmegenthe Netherlands B-WARE Research Centre/Radboud University Nijmegen Toernooiveld 16525 ED Nijmegenthe Netherlands

The vitality of European forests continues to decline due to new pests and diseases,climate-change related disturbances and high loads of atmospheric nitrogen *** soil health is a major factor underpinning the low vitality of West-European *** tree species with soil ameliorative traits is proposed as an avenue to counteract soil acidification and improve overall forest *** we evaluate the impact of black cherry(Prunus serotina Ehrh.),a known rich litter species,on the vitality of neighboring pedunculate oak(Quercus robur l.)in ten mixed forests on sand in Germany,Belgium and the *** found that black cherry admixture increases foliar N and P to a surplus whereas it causes deficiencies in foliar Mg,thereby resulting in an overall negative effect on oak foliar nutrient ***,defoliation of oak leaves by herbivory decreases with the proximity of black *** structural equation modelling(SEM),we tested the hypothesized‘improved soil health’*** analyses showed that black cherry admixture leads to lower accumulation in the humus layer,resulting in higher soil base saturation which has a positive effect on foliar Ca yet a negative effect on total ***,the SEM illustrated that herbivory of oak leaves decreases when black cherry is admixed,both via dilution and improved soil *** effects of black cherry on oak vitality via“improved soil health”in our SEM are however small in comparison to direct ***,our study showed that the combined positive and negative impacts of black cherry on oak vitality are limited,which tempers the potential benefits of using the rich litter species to counteract oak decline via improved soil health–yet,the concern of black cherry as an invasive alien species negatively affecting the vitality of mature pedunculate oak trees may also be exaggerated.

关键词： Rich litter species Black cherry Nutrient cycling Insect herbivory Dilution effect Humus type Pedunculate oak Plant-soil interaction