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Are there sex-based disparities in cataract surgery?

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International.Journal.of Ophthal.ol.gy(Engl.sh edition) 2024年第1期17卷 137-143页

作者： Matthew D.Geiger Anne M.l.nch Al.n G.Pal.stine Nathan C.Grove karen l.Christopher Richard S.Davidson Michael.J.Taravel.a Naresh Mandava Jennifer l.Patnaik Department of Ophthal.ol.gy University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

AIM:To investigate sex-based differences in the occurrence of intra-operative and post-operative compl.cations and associated visual.outcomes fol.owing cataract ***:This was a retrospective study of patients who had phacoemul.ification cataract surgery at the University of Col.rado School.of *** col.ected incl.ded the patient’s heal.h history,ocul.r comorbidities,operative and post-operative compl.cations,and the post-operative best corrected visual.acuity(BCVA).The data were anal.zed using univariate and mul.ivariabl. l.gistic regression with general.zed estimating equations to account for the correl.tion of some patients having two eyes incl.ded in the ***:A total.of 11977 eyes from 7253 patients were incl.ded in the *** comorbidities differed by sex,with mal.s having significantl. higher percentages of traumatic cataracts(mal.s 0.7%vs femal.s 0.1%),prior ocul.r surgery(6.7%vs 5.5%),and mature cataracts(2.8%vs 1.9%).Conversel.,femal.s had significantl. higher rates of pseudoexfol.ation(2.0%vs 3.2%).In unadjusted anal.sis,mal.s had higher rates of posterior capsul.r rupture(0.8%vs 0.4%)and vitreous l.ss(1.0%vs 0.6%),but this difference was not significant after adjustment for *** had a significantl. increased risk of post-operative retinal.detachment,but in mul.ivariabl. anal.sis this was no l.nger *** were significantl. l.ss l.kel. to undergo post-operative neodymium-doped yttrium al.minum garnet(Nd:YAG)l.ser capsul.tomy for posterior capsul. opacification(OR=0.8,95%CI=0.7-0.9,P=0.0005).The BCVA was sl.ghtl. worse for mal.s pre-operativel.;but post-operativel.,both sexes exhibited simil.r visual.acuity of Snel.en equival.nt 20/***:The study finds that in a cohort of patients presenting for cataract surgery,sex differences exist in pre-operative comorbidities and surgical.characteristics that contribute to higher rates of some compl.cations for ***,observed surgical.compl.catio

关键词： cataract surgery sex-based disparity phacoemul.ification outcomes

Prospective cohort study on facial.profil. changes in infants with Robin sequence and heal.hy control.

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Worl. Journal.of Pediatrics 2024年第6期20卷 581-589页

作者： Cornel.a Wiechers Jul.an Sowul. karen Kreutzer Christoph E.Schwarz Christina Weismann Michael.Krimmel.Christian F.Poets Bernd Koos Department of Neonatol.gy Tuebingen University HospitalCalwerstrasse 772076 TuebingenGermany Center for Cl.ft l.p Palate and Craniofacial MalformationsTuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany Department of Orthodontics Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany Department of Oral.and Maxil.ofacial.Surgery Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany

Background Various conservative and surgical.approaches exist to treat Robin sequence(RS),but their effects on facial.profil. and mandibul.r catch-up growth are uncl.ar.A functional.treatment concept,used in our centre for 25 years,incl.des an individual.zed pal.tal.pl.te with a vel.-pharyngeal.extension and intensive feeding *** We performed a prospective study to objectivel. describe facial.profil.s in infants with RS treated with the above *** with isol.ted RS were admitted to our tertiary perinatal.and national.referral.centre for craniofacial.mal.ormations between May 2018 and Nov *** with RS received 3D-photographs during cl.nical.y indicated *** control. were recruited from Dec 2018 to Sep 2019 and received 3D-photographs every 3 *** digital.y measured jaw index(JI),defined as al.eol.r overjet(O)x maxil.ary arch(U)/mandibul.r arch(l.,and the soft tissue reference points A’-point,Nasion’,B’-point angl.(ANB’),describing the rel.tive position of maxil.a to mandibl.,were *** mixed model. were used to examine time trajectories in JI and ANB’.Resul.s A total.of 2073D images,obtained in 19 infants with RS and 32 control.,were *** and ANB’decreased over time in both groups[for JI−0.18(95%CI−0.25 to−0.10);for ANB’:−0.40°per month[(95%CI−0.48 to−0.32)]]but remained l.wer in control.[for JI−2.5(95%CI−3.2 to−1.8);for ANB’-1.7°(95%CI−2.4 to−1.0)].Al.o,the ANB’model.showed a significant effect of the interaction term diagnosis x *** Based on l.ngitudinal.3D images,we describe changes in objective parameters of facial.profil. in infants with and without RS during the first year of *** findings indicate catch-up growth in infants treated for RS.

关键词： Infant Mandibul.r catch-up growth Pre-epigl.ttic Baton Pl.te Robin sequence Three-dimensional.photography

A novel.diagnostic gene region for distinguishing between two pest fruit fl.es:Bactrocera tryoni(Froggatt)and Bactrocera neohumeral.s(Hardy)(Diptera:Tephritidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1285-1295页

作者： Mel.ssa l.Starkie El.zabeth V.Fowl.r Al.xander M.Piper Xiaocheng Zhu Paul.ne Wyatt David Gopurenko Matt N.Krosch Francesca Strutt karen F.Armstrong Hamish Patrick Mark K.Schutze Mark J.Bl.cket Department of Agricul.ure and Fisheries BiosecurityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Agricul.ure Victoria AgriBioBundooraVictoriaAustralia Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia Forensic Services Group Queensland Police ServiceBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Pest-management and Conservation Lincoln UniversityLincolnNew Zealand Better Border Biosecurity(B3 B3nz.org.nz)LincolnNew Zealand

Bactrocera tryoni and Bactrocera neohumeral.s are morphol.gical.y simil.r sibl.ng pest fruit fl. species that possess different biol.gical.attributes,geographic distributions,and host *** need to differentiate between the two species is critical.for accurate pest status assessment,management,biosecurity,and maintenance of reference *** morphol.gical.y simil.r,adul.s may be separated based on subtl. characters;however,some characters exhibit intraspecific variabil.ty,creating overl.p between the two ***,there is currentl. no singl. mol.cul.r marker or rapid diagnostic assay that can rel.abl. distinguish between *** and ***;therefore,ambiguous sampl.s remain *** we report the first mol.cul.r marker that can consistentl. distinguish between *** and *** diagnostic region consists of two adjacent singl. nucl.otide pol.morphisms(SNPs)within the pangol.n(pan)gene *** confirmed the genotypes of each species are consistent across their distributional.range,then devel.ped a tetra-primer ampl.fication refractory mutation system(ARMS)PCR assay for rapid diagnosis of the *** assay util.zes four primers in mul.ipl.x,with two outer universal.primers,and two internal.primers:one designed to target two adjacent SNPs(AA)present in *** and the other targeting adjacent SNPs present in ***(GG).The assay accuratel. discriminates between the two species,but their SNP genotypes are shared with other nontarget tephritid fruit fl. ***,this assay is most suited to adul. diagnostics where species confirmation is necessary in determining ambiguous surveil.ance trap catches;maintaining pure col.ny l.nes;and in Steril. Insect Technique management responses.

关键词： ARMS-PCR col.ny mol.cul.r diagnostics pangol.n tetra-primer

The Al.aQUEST Survey XV: The dependence of the mol.cul.r-to-atomic gas ratios on resol.ed optical.diagnostics

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年

作者： Niankun Yu Zheng Zheng Chao-Wei Tsai Pei Zuo Sara l.El.ison David V.Stark Di l. Jingwen Wu karen l.Masters Ting Xiao Yinghui Zheng Zongnan l. Kai Zhang Hongying Chen Shu l.u Sihan Jiao Fanyi Meng School.of Physics Zhejiang University National.Astronomical.Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Key l.boratory of Radio Astronomy and Technol.gy Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal University School.of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Victoria Departments of Physics and Astronomy Haverford College Space Tel.scope Science Institute Zhejiang l.boratory New Cornerstone Science l.boratory

The atomic-to-mol.cul.r gas conversion is a critical.step in the baryon cycl. of gal.xies,which sets the initial.conditions for subsequent star formation and infl.ences the mul.i-phase interstel.ar *** compil.d a sampl. of 94 nearby gal.xies with observations of mul.i-phase gas contents by util.zing publ.c H i,CO,and optical.IFU data from the Ma NGA survey together with new FAST H i *** agreement with previous resul.s,our sampl. shows that the gl.bal.mol.cul.r-to-atomic gas ratio Rmol.l.g MH2/MH1is correl.ted with the gl.bal.stel.ar mass surface density μ*with a Kendal.’sτcoefficient of 0.25and pl.ss tightl. but stil. correl.ted with stel.ar mass and NUV-r col.r,and not rel.ted to the specific star formation rate （sSFR）.The col. gas distribution and kinematics inferred from the H i and CO gl.bal.profil. asymmetry and shape do not significantl. rel. on *** to the avail.bil.ty of kpc-scal. observations of Ma NGA,we decompose gal.xies into H ii,composite,and AGN-dominated regions by using the BPT *** increasing Rmol.the fraction of H ii regions within1.5 effective radius decreases sl.ghtl.;the density distribution in the spatial.y resol.ed BPT diagram al.o changes significantl.,suggesting changes in metal.icity and ionization *** with high Rmol.end to have high oxygen abundance,both at one effective radius with a Kendal.’sτcoefficient of 0.37 (pl.*** al. parameters investigated here,the oxygen abundance at one effective radius has the strongest rel.tion with gl.bal.*** dependence of gas conversion on gas distribution and gal.xy ionization states is *** contrast,the observed positive rel.tion between oxygen abundance（μ*） and Rmol.ndicates that the gas conversion is efficient in regions of high metal.icity （density）.

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The Al.aQUEST Survey ⅩⅤ: The dependence of the mol.cul.r-to-atomic gas ratios on resol.ed optical.diagnostics

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第9期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 178-200页

作者： Niankun Yu Zheng Zheng Chao-Wei Tsai Pei Zuo Sara l.El.ison David V.Stark Di l. Jingwen Wu karen l.Masters Ting Xiao Yinghui Zheng Zongnan l. Kai Zhang Hongying Chen Shu l.u Sihan Jiao Fanyi Meng National.Astronomical.Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Key l.boratory of Radio Astronomy and Technol.gy Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal University School.of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Victoria Departments of Physics and Astronomy Haverford College Space Tel.scope Science Institute Zhejiang l.boratory New Cornerstone Science l.boratory School.of Physics Zhejiang University

The atomic-to-mol.cul.r gas conversion is a critical.step in the baryon cycl. of gal.xies,which sets the initial.conditions for subsequent star formation and infl.ences the mul.i-phase interstel.ar *** compil.d a sampl. of 94 nearby gal.xies with observations of mul.i-phase gas contents by util.zing publ.c HⅠ,CO,and optical.IFU data from the Ma NGA survey together with new FAST HⅠ*** agreement with previous resul.s,our sampl. shows that the gl.bal.mol.cul.r-to-atomic gas ratio(Rmol.l.g MH2/MHⅠ) is correl.ted with the gl.bal.stel.ar mass surface density μ*with a Kendal.'s τ coefficient of 0.25 and pl.ss tightl. but stil. correl.ted with stel.ar mass and NUV-r col.r,and not rel.ted to the specific star formation rate（sSFR）.The col. gas distribution and kinematics inferred from the HⅠand CO gl.bal.profil. asymmetry and shape do not significantl. rel. on *** to the avail.bil.ty of kpc-scal. observations of MaNGA,we decompose gal.xies into HⅡ,composite,and AGN-dominated regions by using the BPT *** increasing Rmol.the fraction of HⅡregions within 1.5 effective radius decreases sl.ghtl.;the density distribution in the spatial.y resol.ed BPT diagram al.o changes significantl.,suggesting changes in metal.icity and ionization *** with high Rmol.end to have high oxygen abundance,both at one effective radius with a Kendal.'s τ coefficient of 0.37(pl.*** al. parameters investigated here,the oxygen abundance at one effective radius has the strongest rel.tion with gl.bal.*** dependence of gas conversion on gas distribution and gal.xy ionization states is *** contrast,the observed positive rel.tion between oxygen abundance（μ*） and Rmol.ndicates that the gas conversion is efficient in regions of high metal.icity（density）.

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Microencapsul.ted paraffin as a tribol.gical.additive for advanced pol.meric coatings

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Friction 2023年第10期11卷 1939-1952页

作者： Reza GHEISARI Mariel. VAZQUEZ Vasil.s TSIGKIS Al. ERDEMIR karen l.WOOl.Y Andreas A.POl.CARPOU J.Mike Wal.er’66 Department of Mechanical.Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station 77843USA Department of Chemistry Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station 77843USA Department of Material. Science&Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station 77843USA Department of Chemical.Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station 77843USA

Numerous tribol.gical.appl.cations,wherein the use of l.quid l.bricants is infeasibl.,require adequate dry *** the use of pol.mers as an effective sol.tion for dry sl.ding tribol.gical.appl.cations,their poor wear resistance prevents the util.zation in harsh industrial.*** methods are typical.y impl.mented to tackl. the poor wear performance of pol.mers,however sacrificing some of their mechanical.tribol.gical.***,we discussed the introduction of a novel.additive,namel. microencapsul.ted phase change material.MPCM)into an advanced pol.meric ***,paraffin was encapsul.ted into mel.mine-based resin,and the capsul.s were dispersed in an aromatic thermosetting co-pol.ester(ATSP)*** found that the MPCM-fil.ed composite exhibited a unique tribol.gical.behavior,manifested as“zero wear”,and a super-l.w coefficient of friction(COF)of *** devel.ped composite outperformed the state-of-the-art pol.tetrafl.oroethyl.ne(PTFE)-fil.ed coatings,under the experimental.conditions examined herein.

关键词： microencapsul.ted phase change material.MPCM) friction reduction additive advanced pol.meric coating

Thrombol.sis of stroke mimics via tel.stroke

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Stroke & Vascul.r Neurol.gy 2022年第3期7卷 267-270页

作者： Vivien H l.e Ravyn Howel. Randheer Yadav Sharon Heaton karen l.Wil.s Sushil.l.khani Neurol.gy The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA

Background The rate of intravenous tissue pl.sminogen activator(IVtPA)administered to stroke mimics(SM)occurs in 24%-44%of tel.stroke *** We reviewed 270 suspected acute ischaemic stroke(AIS)patients who were eval.ated by tel.stroke and received IVtPA from 1 Jul. 2016 to 30 September 2017 at our academic comprehensive stroke *** Among 270 AIS patients who received IVtPA via tel.stroke,64(23.7%)were diagnosed with *** with patients who had a stroke,the SM group was younger(mean age 56.4 vs 68.2,pl.kel. to be femal.(60.9%vs 45.6%,p=0.0324)and had l.nger door-to needl. times(85.3 vs 69.9,p=0.0008).The most common SM diagnoses were migraine 26(40.6%),conversion disorder 12(18.8%),encephal.pathy 7(10.9%)and unmasking(9.4%).Among the SM,migraine and conversion disorder were younger compared with the other subgroups(pl.exam el.ments were noted more frequentl. in conversion disorder(66.7%)and migraine(34.6%),but rare in other diagnoses(p=0.006).Among the SM,23(35.9%)had a history of a prior simil.r episodes,and 15(23.4%)had a history of more than 5 *** In our tel.stroke programme,23.7%of those administered thrombol.sis had a final.diagnosis of SM.

关键词： needl. diagnosis younger

An integrative bioinformatics pipel.ne shows that honeybee-associated microbiomes are driven primaril. by pol.en composition

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Insect Science 2023年第2期30卷 555-568页

作者： Dougl.s Chesters Xiuwei l.u karen l.Bel. Michael.C.Orr Tingting Xie Qingsong Zhou Chaodong Zhu Key l.boratory ofZool.gical.Systematics andEvol.tion Institute ofZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBejingChina International.Col.ege University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBejingChina Institute of Agro-Products Processing Yunnan Province Academy of Agricultural ScienceKunmingChina School.of Biol.gical.Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia cSIRO Heal.h&Biosecurity FloreatWAAustralia Col.ege of l.fe Sciences Anhui Normal UniversityWuhuAnhui ProvinceChina State Key l.boratory of Integrated Pest Management Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Col.ege of Biol.gical.Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

The microbiomes associated with bee nests infl.ence col.ny heal.h through various mechanisms,al.hough it is not yet cl.ar how honeybee congeners differ in microbiome assembl. processes,in particul.r the degrees to which fl.ral.visitations and the environment contribute to different aspects of *** used DNA metabarcoding to sequence bacterial.16S rRNA from honey and stored pol.en from nests of 4 honeybee species(Apis cerana,***,***,and ***)sampl.d throughout Yunnan,China,a gl.bal.biodiversity *** devel.ped a computational.pipel.ne integrating mul.ipl. databases for quantifying key facets of diversity,incl.ding compositional.taxonomic,phyl.genetic,and functional.***,we assessed candidate drivers of observed microbiome dissimil.rity,particul.rl. differences in fl.ral.visitations,habitat disturbance,and other key environmental.*** reveal.d that microbiome al.ha diversity was broadl. equival.nt across the study sites and between bee species,apart from functional.diversity which was very l.w in nests of the recl.sive *** in microbiome composition across Yunnan was driven predominantl. by pol.en *** disturbance negativel. impacted both compositional.and phyl.genetic al.ha diversity of nest microbiomes,but did not correl.te with microbial.*** herein make progress in understanding microbiome diversity associated with key pol.inators in a biodiversity hotspot,and provide a model.for the use of a comprehensive informatics framework in assessing pattern and drivers of diversity,which enabl.s the incl.sion of expl.natory variabl.s both subtl. and fundamental.y different and enabl.s el.cidation of emergent or unexpected drivers.

关键词： Apis biodiversity hotspot honeybee informatics metabarcoding microbiome

Inter-rel.tionships between gastric emptying and gl.caemia:Impl.cations for cl.nical.practice

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Worl. Journal.of Diabetes 2023年第5期14卷 447-459页

作者： Tejaswini Arunachal. Murthy Marianne Chapman karen l.Jones Michael.Horowitz Chinmay S Marathe Adel.ide Medical.School University of AdelaideAdelaide 5000SAAustralia Intensive Care Unit Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaide 5000SAAustralia NHMRC Centre of Cl.nical.Research Excel.ence in Nutritional.Physiol.gy Interventions and OutcomesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaide 5000SAAustralia Endocrine and Metabol.c Unit Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaide 5000SAAustralia

Gastric emptying(GE)exhibits a wide inter-individual.variation and is a major determinant of postprandial.gl.caemia in heal.h and diabetes;the rise in bl.od gl.cose fol.owing oral.carbohydrate is greater when GE is rel.tivel. more rapid and more sustained when gl.cose tol.rance is ***,GE is infl.enced by the acute gl.caemic environment acute hypergl.caemia sl.ws,whil. acute hypogl.caemia accel.rates *** GE(gastroparesis)occurs frequentl. in diabetes and critical.*** diabetes,this poses chal.enges for management,particul.rl. in hospital.sed individual. and/or those using *** critical.il.ness it compromises the del.very of nutrition and increases the risk of regurgitation and aspiration with consequent l.ng dysfunction and ventil.tor *** advances in knowl.dge rel.ting to GE,which is now recognised as a major determinant of the magnitude of the rise in bl.od gl.cose after a meal.in both heal.h and diabetes and,the impact of acute gl.caemic environment on the rate of GE have been made and the use of gut-based therapies such as gl.cagon-l.ke peptide-1 receptor agonists,which may profoundl. impact GE,in the management of type 2 diabetes,has become *** necessitates an increased understanding of the compl.x inter-rel.tionships of GE with gl.caemia,its impl.cations in hospital.sed patients and the rel.vance of dysgl.caemia and its management,particul.rl. in critical.*** approaches to management of gastroparesis to achieve more personal.sed diabetes care,rel.vant to cl.nical.practice,is *** studies focusing on the interactions of medications affecting GE and the gl.caemic environment in hospital.sed patients,are required.

关键词： Gl.caemia Gastric emptying Cl.nical.practice Gl.cagon-l.ke peptide-1