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Bariatric surgery in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-from pathophysiology to clinical effects

World Journal of Hepatology 2019年第2期11卷 138-149页

作者： Tea l laursen Christoffer A Hagemann Chunshan Wei Konstantin Kazankov karen l thomsen Filip K Knop Henning Grønbæk Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Aarhus University Hospital Gubra ApS Clinical Metabolic Physiology Steno Diabetes Center CopenhagenGentofte Hospital Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen Department of Hepatology Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospitalthe Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFlD) is increasingly recognized as a significant liver disease,and it covers the disease spectrum from simple steatosis with a risk of development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) to fibrosis,subsequent cirrhosis,end-stage liver failure,and liver cancer with a potential need for liver *** and NASH are closely related to obesity,metabolic syndrome,and type 2 diabetes(T2 D).The role of gut hormones,especially glucagon-like peptide 1(GlP-1),is important in *** surgery has the potential for inducing great weight loss and may improve the symptoms of metabolic syndrome and T2 *** data demonstrated significant effects of bariatric surgery on GlP-1 and other gut hormones and important lipid metabolic and inflammatory abnormalities in the pathophysiology of ***,bariatric surgery may reverse the pathological liver changes in NAFlD and NASH *** the present review,we describe NAFlD and NASH pathophysiology and the primary effects of bariatric surgery on metabolic *** performed a systematic review of the beneficial and harmful effects and focused on changes in liver disease severity in NAFlD and NASH *** specific focus was liver histopathology as assessed by the invasive liver ***,we reviewed several non-invasive methods used for the assessment of liver disease severity following bariatric surgery.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Bariatric surgery Insulin resistance,Gut hormones Glucagon-like peptide 1 Steatosis Inflammation Fibrosis

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Protein construct optimization:data sharing strategy

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Protein & Cell 2012年第5期3卷 321-322页

作者： karen M.Polizzi Rivka l.Isaacson Center for Synthetic Biology and Innovation Division of Molecular BiosciencesImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Center for Structural Biology Division of Molecular BiosciencesImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK

The British Medical Journal devoted its first issue of 2012 to the problem of unreported clinical trial data,highlighting the serious impact that incomplete information can have on world health(for an editorial summary see lehman and loder,2012).Adopted innovations in clinical intervention,inappro-priately based on only a subset of trial data,can,at best,prove uneconomical and,at worst,lead to large-scale patient *** its consequences may be most severe in medicine this problem applies to many scientific disciplines and we are now seeing a move towards greater transparency in data declaration.

关键词： subset consequences incomplete

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Taxonomy of Pseudolagarobasidium(Polyporales,Basidiomycota)

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第4期55卷 155-169页

作者： karen K.Nakasone Daniel l.lindner Center for Forest Mycology Research Northern Research StationU.S.Forest ServiceOne Gifford Pinchot DriveMadisonWI 53726-2398USA

Pseudolagarobasidium(Polyporales,Basidiomycota)is a small,monophyletic genus of crustose,wood-inhabiting fungi with spines and a saprobic,endophytic,or parasitic *** species are accepted in the genus including two new species,*** from Belize and *** from *** analysis of the internal transcribed spacer of the ribosomal RNA gene places *** in a monophyletic clade with *** and an undescribed foliar *** combinations proposed include *** for Irpex modestus Berk.,*** for Hydnum pronum Berk.&Broome which is an earlier name for ***,and *** for Radulodon venustus Hjortstam&*** colliculosum Berk.&Broome from Sri lanka is conspecific with *** species,Sistotrema ochroleucum and Radulum concentricum are not accepted in *** is compared with Radulodon and similar genera.A key to the species of Pseudolagarobasidium is provided.

关键词： Pirex concentricum Pseudolagarobasidium acaciicola P.leguminicola Hydnum ayresii Microbinding hyphae

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Effects of resveratrol in experimental and clinical non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2014年第4期6卷 188-198页

作者： Sara Heebll karen louise thomsen Steen B Pedersen Hendrik Vilstrup Jacob George Henning Grnbk Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Aarhus University Hospital Department of Endocrinology Aarhus University Hospital Storr liver Unit Westmead Millennium InstituteWestmead Hospital and University of Sydney

The prevalence of obesity and related conditions like non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFlD) is increasing worldwide and therapeutic options are *** treatment options are therefore intensively sought *** interesting candidate is the natural polyphenol resveratrol(RSV) that activates adenosinmonophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK) and silent information regulation-2 homolog 1(SIRT1).In addition,RSV has known anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory ***,we review the current evidence for RSVmediated effects on NAFlD and address the different aspects of NAFlD and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) pathogenesis with respect to free fatty acid(FFA) flux from adipose tissue,hepatic de novo lipogenesis,inadequate FFA β-oxidation and additional intra- and extrahepatic inflammatory and oxidant *** review the in vivo evidence from animal studies and clinical *** abundance of animal studies reports a decrease in hepatic triglyceride accumulation,liver weight and a general improvement in histological fatty liver changes,along with a reduction in circulating insulin,glucose and lipid *** studies document AMPK or SIRT1 activation,and modulation of relevant markers of hepatic lipogenesis,inflammation and oxidation ***,AMPK/SIRT1-independent actions are also *** trials are scarce and have primarily been performed with a focus on overweight/obese participants without a focus on NAFlD/NASH and histological liver *** clinical studies with appropriate design are needed to clarify the true impact of RSV treatment in NAFlD/NASH patients.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Steatosis Resveratrol AMPactivated protein kinase Silent information regulation-2 homolog 1 Anti-oxidants Anti-inflammatory agents Animal studies Clinical trial

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Hyperhomocysteinemia as a potential contributor of colorectal cancer development in inflammatory bowel diseases: A review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第4期21卷 1081-1090页

作者： Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli Vickie E Baracos karen l Madsen Department of Medicine University of AlbertaEdmontonAlberta T6G 2E1Canada Department of Oncology University of AlbertaCross Cancer InstituteEdmontonAlberta T6G 2E1Canada

Homocysteine is an amino acid generated metabolically by the S-adenosylmethionine-dependent transmethylation pathway. In addition to being a well-known independent risk factor for coronary heart disease, is also a risk factor for cancer. Patients suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD) including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are at increased risk of developing colorectal cancer in comparison to healthy individuals. Furthermore, the risk of hyperhomocysteinaemia is significantly higher in IBD patients when compared with controls. In the present article, we review the mechanisms in which hyperhomocysteinemia may contribute to increased risk of colorectal cancer in IBD patients.

关键词： Hyperhomocysteinemia Colorectal cancer Inflammator

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Metadata requirements analysis for the emerging Sensor Web

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2009年第S01期2卷 3-17页

作者： liping Di karen l.Moe Genong(Eugene)Yu Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems(CSISS) George Mason University6301 Ivy LnSuite 620GreenbeltMD 20770USA Earth System Technology Office NASA/GSFC MS Code 407GreenbeltMD 20771USA

The Sensor Web has emerged from Earth Science research with the development of Web technology,to achieve process automation,sensor interoperation,and service *** promises require the discovery of the right sensor at the right time and the right location with the right ***,for sensor,platform,and data,are crucial for achieving such ***,analysis and practical use of these metadata reveals that the metadata and their associations are not applicable or suitable for the Sensor *** shortfalls are(1)the nonstandard metadata expression language;(2)the missing link between sensor and domain knowledge;(3)the insufficiency in the information for geographic locating and sensor tasking;and(4)the enhanced requirements on the quality,security,and ownership of both sensors and their sensed *** paper reviews the current standards that have metadata components for the sensor and its platform,especially those from ISO TC211,Open Geospatial Consortium Inc.,and The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Global Change Master Directory.A recommendation on metadata that meets the requirement of crossmission sensor discovery in a pervasive Web environment is derived from *** recommendation addresses issues on language formalization,sensor geolocation,semantics,quality,and *** of the emerging semantic Web technology for enabling robust discovery of sensor are discussed.

关键词： Sensor Web geospatial standards metadata interoperation semantic web

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Microencapsulated paraffin as a tribological additive for advanced polymeric coatings

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Friction 2023年第10期11卷 1939-1952页

作者： Reza GHEISARI Mariela VAZQUEZ Vasilis TSIGKIS Ali ERDEMIR karen l.WOOlEY Andreas A.POlYCARPOU J.Mike Walker’66 Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station 77843USA Department of Chemistry Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station 77843USA Department of Materials Science&Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station 77843USA Department of Chemical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station 77843USA

Numerous tribological applications,wherein the use of liquid lubricants is infeasible,require adequate dry *** the use of polymers as an effective solution for dry sliding tribological applications,their poor wear resistance prevents the utilization in harsh industrial *** methods are typically implemented to tackle the poor wear performance of polymers,however sacrificing some of their mechanical/tribological ***,we discussed the introduction of a novel additive,namely microencapsulated phase change material(MPCM)into an advanced polymeric ***,paraffin was encapsulated into melamine-based resin,and the capsules were dispersed in an aromatic thermosetting co-polyester(ATSP)*** found that the MPCM-filled composite exhibited a unique tribological behavior,manifested as“zero wear”,and a super-low coefficient of friction(COF)of *** developed composite outperformed the state-of-the-art polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)-filled coatings,under the experimental conditions examined herein.

关键词： microencapsulated phase change material(MPCM) friction reduction additive advanced polymeric coating

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MRI of the Bladder in Patients Suspected of Bladder Tumors

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Open Journal of Radiology 2014年第2期4卷 207-214页

作者： karen lind Gandrup Jorgen Nordling Henrik S.thomsen Department of Diagnostic Radiology Copenhagen University Hospital HerlevCopenhagenDenmark Department of Urology Copenhagen University Hospital HerlevCopenhagenDenmark

Objective: To prospectively evaluate the use of MRI for the detecting of bladder tumors and the T- stage using T2W, T1W and diffusion-weighted images (DWI). Material and methods: Twenty-eight consecutive patients (21 men, 7 women;age range, 20 - 82 years;mean age, 62.8 years) suspected of bladder tumors underwent MRI, flexible cystoscopy and transurethral resection (TURB). The presence of bladder tumor was confirmed by histopathology in 21 patients;18 patients had pTa, one pT1 and two pT2. The images were reviewed by two uroradiologists. They assigned the presence of a bladder tumor and whether the tumor was non-muscle invasive (Ta and T1) or muscle- invasive (T2, T3 or T4). Results: Compared to the histopathological results, the accuracy for identifying a bladder tumor was 60.7% and 53.7% for reviewer A and B, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity were 66.7%/61.9% and 57.1%/42.9%. Positive predictive values were 82.6%/ 76.5%. The overall staging was correct in 47.6%/52.5%, but improved on stage-by-stage up to 50%/66.7%. The agreement between the reviewers was moderate in the detecting, staging and location of the tumor (Kappa = 0.47 - 0.57). Conclusion: A simple MRI using no contrast media, but DWI, cannot replace flexible cystoscopy in the detection of new or recurrent bladder tumors.

关键词： Urography Diagnostic Imaging Hematuria Magnetic Resonance Imaging Cystoscopy

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Anti-CD163-dexamethasone conjugate inhibits the acute phase response to lipopolysaccharide in rats

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第17期8卷 726-730页

作者： karen louise thomsen Holger Jon Moller Jonas Heilskov Graversen Nils E Magnusson Soren K Moestrup Hendrik Vilstrup Henning Gronbaek Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Aarhus University Hospital Department of Clinical Biochemistry Aarhus University Hospital Affinicon Aps Incuba Science Park Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Southern Denmark Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of HealthMedical Research LaboratoryAarhus University Department of Biomedicine University of Aarhus

AIM: To study the effect of a new anti-CD163-dexamethasone conjugate targeting activated macrophages on the hepatic acute phase response in rats. METHODS: Wistar rats were injected intravenous with either the CD163 targeted dexamethasone-conjugate(0.02 mg/kg) or free dexamethasone(0.02 or 1 mg/kg) 24 h prior to lipopolysaccharide(lPS)(2.5 mg/kg intraperitoneal). We measured plasma concentrations of tumour necrosis factor-a(TNF-a) and interleukin 6(Il-6) 2 h post-lPS and liver m RNAs and serum concentrations of the rat acute phase protein a-2-macroglobulin(a-2-M) 24 h after lPS. Also, plasma concentrations of alanine aminotransferase and bilirubin were measured at termination of the study. Spleen weight served as an indicator of systemic steroid ***: The conjugate halved the a-2-M liver m RNA(3.3 ± 0.6 vs 6.8 ± 1.1, P l vs 389 ± 67 μg/ml, P = 0.04) after lPS compared to low dose dexamethasone treated animals, while none of the free dexamethasone doses had an effect on liver m RNA or serum levels of a-2-M. Also, the conjugate reduced TNF-a(7208 ± 1977 pg/ml vs 21583 ± 7117 pg/ml, P = 0.03) and Il-6(15685 ± 3779 pg/ml vs 25715 ± 4036 pg/ml, P = 0.03) compared to the low dose dexamethasone. The high dose dexamethasone dose decreased the spleen weight(421 ± 11 mg vs 465 ± 12 mg, P ls, an effect not seen in any other ***: low-dose anti-CD163-dexamethasone conjugate effectively decreased the hepatic acute phase response to lPS. This indicates an anti-inflammatory potential of the conjugate in vivo.

关键词： Acute phase response Dexamethasone Endotoxin Hemoglobin scavenger receptor CD163 Cytokines Inflammation Rats

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Deep hyperammonemic hepatic encephalopathy precipitated by fecal microbiota transplantation for fulminant Clostridioides difficile infection

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Gastroenterology Report 2022年第1期10卷 612-614页

作者： lotte lindgreen Eriksen Simon Mark Dahl Baunwall Peter lykke Eriksen Kirstine Petrea Bak-Fredslund Jens Erik Nielsen Jens Frederik Dahlerup karen louise thomsen Hendrik Vilstrup Christian lodberg Hvas Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus NDenmark Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Randers Regional HospitalRandersDenmark Department of Radiology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus NDenmark

Introduction Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)is highly effective and potentially life-saving for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection(CDI)[1].Recent pilot trials also reported the use of FMT to revert hepatic encephalopathy(HE)in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis without infectious colitis[2,3].Intestinal microbiota-driven hyperammonemia is central to HE development and most treatments aim to reduce ammonia levels by modulating the intestinal ***,FMT might lead to increased intestinal ammonia production,as we describe here.

关键词： hepatic infection encephalopathy

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