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Lactobacilli,bifi dobacteria and *** nissle induce pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第37期12卷 5978-5986页

作者： Ulf Helwig karen M Lammers Fernando Rizzello Patricia Brigidi Verena Rohleder elisabetta Caramelli Paolo Giochetti Juergen Schrezenmeir Ulrich R Foelsch Stefan Schreiber Massimo Campieri University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel 1~(st) Medical Department Schittenhelmstr.12 24105 Kiel Germany University of Bologna Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Policlinico S. Orsola Via Massarenti 9 40138 Bologna Italy University of Bologna Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Policlinico S. Orsola Via Massarenti 9 40138 Bologna Italy University of Bologna Institute for Microbiology Via Bellmeloro 9 40138 Bologna Italy University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel 1~(st) Medical Department Schittenhelmstr.12 24105 Kiel Germany University of Bologna Histology and General Embryology and Pharmaceutical Science Via Bellmeloro 9 40138 Bologna Italy Federal Research Center for Nutrition and Food Location Kiel Institute for Physiology and Bioche- mistry of Nurtition Hermann-Weigmann-Str.1 24103 Kiel Germany

AIM： To investigate whether the stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMNC） with the cell debris and cell extraction of different probiotic strains is similar or species specific. MeTHODS： Three strains of bifidobacteria, 4 strains of lactobacilli, and e. coli nissle were sonicated and centrifuged in order to divide them into cell extract and cell debris. PBMNC were separated by density gradient and incubated for 36 h with either the cell debris or the cell extract of single strains of probiotic bacteria in doses from 10^2 to 10^8 CFU/mL. Cell supernatants were taken and interleukin （IL）-10, IL-1β, and tumor necosis factor （TNF）-α were determined by eLISA. ReSULTS： Depending on the species super-family, the strains had different stimulation patterns. except for both L. casei strains, the cell extract of bitTdobacteria and/actobacilli had less stimulating capacity than cell debris, whereas the cell extract of e. coli nissle had similar stimulating properties to that of the cell debris of the strain and significantly more stimulating capacity than that of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. The cell debris of bifidobacteria stimulated more cytokine release than the cell debris of lactobacilli. The cell debris of lactobacilli did not have a stimulating capacity when lower concentrations were used. Neither cell extraction nor cell debris had an inhibitory effect on the production of the tested cytokines by stimulated PBMNC. CONCLUSION： The incubation of probiotic strains, which have been used in clinical trials for inflammatory diseases, with immunocompetent cells leads to different species specific reactions. High IL-10 response to cell debris of bifidobacteria and e. coli nissle can be found. This corresponds to positive effects of bihdobacteria and e. coli nissle in clinical trials for inflammatory bowel disease compared to negative outcomes obtained with lactobacilli.

关键词： Lactobacilli Bifidobacteria Probiotics Interleukin-l0 Tumor necrosis factor-α Interleukin-1β Peripheral blood mononuclear cells

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CPC, a Single-Repeat R3 MYB, Is a Negative Regulator of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2009年第4期2卷 790-802页

作者： Hui-Fen Zhu karen Fitzsimmons Abha Khandelwal Robert G. Kranz Department of Biology Washington University St Louis MO 63130 USA

Single-repeat R3 MYB transcription factors like CPC （CAPRICe） are known to play roles in developmental processes such as root hair differentiation and trichome initiation. However, none of the six Arabidopsis single-repeat R3 MYB members has been reported to regulate flavonoid biosynthesis. We show here that CPC is a negative regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis. In the process of using CPC to test GAL4-dependent driver lines, we observed a repression of anthocyanin synthesis upon GAL4-mediated CPC overexpression. We demonstrated that this is not due to an increase in nutrient uptake because of more root hairs. Rather, CPC expression level tightly controls anthocyanin accumulation. Microarray analysis on the whole genome showed that, of 37 000 features tested, 85 genes are repressed greater than three-fold by CPC overexpression. Of these 85, seven are late anthocyanin biosynthesis genes. Also, anthocyanin synthesis genes were shown to be down-regulated in 35S：：CPC overexpression plants. Transient expression results suggest that CPC competes with the R2R3-MYB transcription factor PAP1/2, which is an activator of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes. This report adds anthocyanin biosynthesis to the set of programs that are under CPC control, indicating that this regulator is not only for developmental programs （e.g. root hairs, trichomes）, but can influence anthocyanin pigment synthesis.

关键词： CPC (CAPRICe) anthocyanin biosynthesis negative regulator Arabidopsis.

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Response of Hypercholesterolemic Rats to Sesamum indicum Linn Seed Oil Supplemented Diet

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Journal of Life Sciences 2012年第11期6卷 1214-1219页

作者： Olubunmi Bolanle Ajayi James Braimoh karen Olasunkanmi Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Sciences Ekiti State University P.M.B. 5363 Ado-Ekiti Nigeria

Fatty acid composition of Sesamum indicum oil was determined by gas chromatography and the response of hypercholesterolemic rats to diet supplemented with Sesamum indicum seed oil was investigated. Twenty four rats weighing between 120-130 g were randomly assigned into four groups. Group A was fed normal diet, Group B, C and D were fed hypercholesterolemic diet （i.e. 20% fat ＋ 1% cholesterol） for two weeks to establish hypercholesterolemia. Group B were maintained on hyper diet while C and D were fed 5% and 10% benniseed oil supplemented diet for four weeks. Plasma was collected and analyzed for TC （total cholesterol）, HDL-C （high density lipoprotein）, LDL-C （low density lipoprotein） and TG （triglycerides） levels. Linoleic acid （42.44%） and oleic acid （40.60%） were the major unsaturated fatty acid in the oil. Significant increase （P 〈 0.05） was observed in the TC, TG, LDL and LDL/HDL ratio of the hypercholesterolemic rats compared to the normal control. Supplementation with Sesamum indicum seed oil at 5% and 10% levels resulted in significant decrease （P 〈 0.05） in TC, TG, LDL and LDL/HDL ratio, and significant increase in the HDL-C. The high level of unsaturated fatty acid in the oil may in part be responsible for the hypocholesterolemic effect of the oil.

关键词： Sesamum indicum fatty acid composition hypercholesterolemia lipid profile.

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教育领域的全球管理:获得“全民教育”的多边政策和新参与者的作用(英文)

教育领域的全球管理:获得“全民教育”的多边政策和新参与者的作...

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北京论坛（2010）文明的和谐与共同繁荣——为了我们共同的家园：责任与行动

作者： karen e.Mundy Ontario Institute for Studies in education University of TorontoCanada

Although rarely considered in mainstream political science and foreign policy literatures,multilateral initiatives in education,as well as the use of education as a foreign policy tool by states, has a long *** 1945,most major multilateral institutions have included education in their agendas for action including World Bank,UNICeF,UNeSCO,and the World Trade *** the same time,domestic educational systems have developed with increasing amounts of interaction and influence from international ***’ use of education to support foreign policy objectives,in the areas of trade and diplomacy,has flourished.

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Structural analysis of a nanoparticle containing a lipid bilayer used for detergent-free extraction of membrane proteins

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Nano Research 2015年第3期8卷 774-789页

作者： Mohammed Jamshad Vinciane Grimard Ilaria Idini Tim J. Knowles Miriam R. Dowle Naomi Schofield Pooja Sridhart Yupin Lin Rachael Finka Mark Wheatley Owen R. T. Thomas Richard e. Palmerr Michael Overduin Cedric Govaerts Jean-Marie Ruysschaert karen J. edler Tim R. Dafforn School of Biosciences University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B 15 2TT UK Universite Libre de Bruxelles SFMB - CP206/2 Bd. du Triomphe Acces 2 1050 Bruxelles Belgium Department of Chemistry University of Bath Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK School of Cancer Studies University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B 15 2 TT UK Nanoscale Physics Research Laboratory and PSIBS School of Physics and Astronomy University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B 15 2TT UK School of Chemical engineering University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B 15 2TT UK

In the past few years there has been a growth in the use of nanoparticles for stabilizing lipid membranes that contain embedded proteins. These bionanoparticles provide a solution to the challenging problem of membrane protein isolation by maintaining a lipid bilayer essential to protein integrity and activity. We have previously described the use of an amphipathic polymer （poly（styrene-co-maleic add）, SMA） to produce discoidal nanoparticles with a lipid bilayer core containing the embedded protein. However the structure of the nanoparticle itself has not yet been determined. This leaves a major gap in understanding how the SMA stabilizes the encapsulated bilayer and how the bilayer relates physically and structurally to an unencapsulated lipid bilayer. In this paper we address this issue by describing the structure of the SMA lipid particle （SMALP） using data from small angle neutron scattering （SANS）, electron microscopy （eM）, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （ATR-FTIR）, differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy （NMR）. We show that the particle is disc shaped containing a polymer ＂bracelet＂ encircling the lipid bilayer. The structure and orientation of the individual components within the bilayer and polymer are determined showing that styrene moieties within SMA intercalate between the lipid acyl chains. The dimensions of the encapsulated bilayer are also determined and match those measured for a natural membrane. Taken together, the description of the structure of the SMALP forms the foundation for future development and applications of SMALPs in membrane protein production and analysis.

关键词： nanoparticles lipid polymer membrane proteins structure detergent

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Novel strategy for disease risk prediction incorporating predicted gene expression and DNA methylation data:a multi-phased study of prostate cancer

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Cancer Communications 2021年第12期41卷 1387-1397页

作者： Chong Wu Jingjing Zhu Austin King Xiaoran Tong Qing Lu Jong Y.Park Liang Wang Guimin Gao Hong-Wen Deng Yaohua Yang karen e.Knudsen Timothy R.Rebbeck Jirong Long Wei Zheng Wei Pan David V.Conti Christopher A Haiman Lang Wu Department of Statistics Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32304USA Cancer epidemiology Division Population Sciences in the Pacific ProgramUniversity of Hawaii Cancer CenterUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96813USA Department of epidemiology and Biostatistics Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Biostatistics University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32603USA Department of Cancer epidemiology H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research InstituteTampaFL 33612USA Department of Tumor Biology H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research InstituteTampaFL 33612USA Department of Public Health Sciences University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637USA Center of Bioinformatics and Genomics Department of Global Biostatistics and Data ScienceTulane UniversityNew OrleansLA 70112USA Division of epidemiology Department of MedicineVanderbilt Epidemiology CenterVanderbilt-Ingram Cancer CenterVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37203USA Department of Cancer Biology Sidney Kimmel Cancer CenterThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19107USA Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMA 02215USA Department of epidemiology Harvard TH Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA 02115USA Division of Biostatistics University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455USA Department of Preventive Medicine Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterLos AngelesCA 90033USA

Background:DNA methylation and gene expression are known to play important roles in the etiology of human diseases such as prostate cancer(PCa).However,it has not yet been possible to incorporate information of DNA methylation and gene expression into polygenic risk scores(PRSs).Here,we aimed to develop and validate an improved PRS for PCa risk by incorporating genetically predicted gene expression and DNA methylation,and other genomic information using an integrative ***:Using data from the PRACTICAL consortium,we derived multiple sets of genetic scores,including those based on available single-nucleotide polymorphisms through widely used methods of pruning and thresholding,LDpred,LDpred-funt,AnnoPred,and eBPRS,as well as PRS constructed using the genetically predicted gene expression and DNA methylation through a revised pruning and thresholding *** the tuning step,using the UK Biobank data(1458 prevalent cases and 1467 controls),we selected PRSs with the best *** an independent set of data from the UK Biobank,we developed an integrative PRS combining information from individual ***,in the testing step,we tested the performance of the integrative PRS in another independent set of UK Biobank data of incident cases and ***:Our constructed PRS had improved performance(C statistics:76.1%)over PRSs constructed by individual benchmark methods(from 69.6%to 74.7%).Furthermore,our new PRS had much higher risk assessment power than family *** overall net reclassification improvement was 69.0%by adding PRS to the baseline model compared with 12.5%by adding family ***:We developed and validated a new PRS which may improve the utility in predicting the risk of developing *** innovative method can also be applied to other human diseases to improve risk prediction across multiple outcomes.

关键词： risk prediction polygenic risk scores predicted gene expression predicted DNA methylation integrative models prostate cancer

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Sex differences in cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2016年第1期6卷 54-65页

作者： Keith R Laws karen Irvine Tim M Gale School of Life and Medical Sciences University of Hertfordshire Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust

Sex differences in neurocognitive abilities have been extensively explored both in the healthy population andin many disorders. Until recently, however, little work has examined such differences in people with Alzheimer's disease(AD). This is despite clear evidence that AD is more prevalent in women, and converging lines of evidence from brain imaging, post-mortem analyses, hormone therapy and genetics suggesting that AD affects men and women differently. We provide an overview of evidence attesting to the poorer cognitive profiles in women than in men at the same stage of AD. Indeed, men significantly outperform women in several cognitive domains, including: Language and semantic abilities, visuospatial abilities and episodic memory. These differences do not appear to be attributable to any differences in age, education, or dementia severity. Reasons posited for this female disadvantage include a reduction of estrogen in postmenopausal women, greater cognitive reserve in men, and the influence of the apolipoprotein e ε4 allele. Assessment of cognitive abilities contributes to the diagnosis of the condition and thus, it is crucial to identify the role of sex differences if potentially more accurate diagnoses and treatments are to emerge.

关键词： Dementia Gender Sex differences Cognition

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“Streets of Fire”revisited:contact burns

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Burns & Trauma 2019年第1期7卷 295-308页

作者： Areta Kowal-Vern Marc R.Matthews karen N.Richey Kathy Ruiz Michael Peck Arpana Jain Kevin N.Foster Arizona Burn Center Maricopa Medical CenterDepartment of SurgeryMaricopa Integrated Health System2601 E.Roosevelt StreetPhoenixArizona 85008USA Research Department Maricopa Integrated Health SystemPhoenixArizona 85008USA

Background:Pavement-street contact burns are *** study compared recent contact burns to those published in“Pavement temperature and burns:Streets of Fire”in *** hypothesis was that there were a significantly increased number of pavement-street burns,as a result of increased ambient temperatures,and that motor vehicle crash(MVC)contact burns were less severe than pavements-street ***:This was a retrospective burn center registry study of naturally heated surface contact burns during May to September from 2016 to *** analyses were performed with one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)and Maximum Likelihood chi-squared for age,percent of total burn surface area(%TBSA),treatment,hospitalization,comorbidities,hospital charges,mortality,ambient,and surface temperatures(pavement,asphalt,rocks).Results:In the 1995 study,median ambient temperatures were 106(range 100–113)°F compared to the 108(range 86–119)°F highest noon temperature in the current *** ambient temperature differences were recorded on days with pavement burn admissions compared to days without these *** were 225 pavement,27 MVC,15 road rash,and 103 other contact *** major injuries in the pavement group were due to being“down”(unknown reason),falls,and *** to the others,the pavement group was older,56+years,per burns but similar length of *** percent of the 225 pavement group patients with full-thickness burns required skin *** were 13(6%)fatalities in the pavement group vs 1(4%)in the MVC group,p=*** were secondary to sepsis,shock,cardiac,respiratory,or kidney *** to survivors,the non-survivors had a significantly higher%TBSA(10%vs 4%),p=0.01,and lower Glasgow Coma Scores(10 vs 15),p=***:There was a median 2°F increase in ambient temperature since *** increase in pavement burn admissions was multi-factorial:higher temperatures,population,and the number of old

关键词： Pavement Concrete Asphalt Contact burns Road rash Streets Highways Sand Rocks

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Plantar Spitz Nevus Resembling Malignant Melanoma: Description of Immunohistochemical Findings

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2023年第6期12卷 202-206页

作者： karen Fukushi Tomohisa Fukui Hajime Nakano Daisuke Sawamura Department of Dermatology Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine Hirosaki Japan

Spitz nevus (SN) is predominantly distributed throughout the lower extremities, while an acral location is rare. Since SN occasionally resembles the clinicopathological presentation of malignant melanoma (MM), it presents a diagnostic challenge, especially on glabrous skin. Past reports suggest that several genetic aberrations are associated with specific clinicopathological subtypes of melanocytic tumors. Immunohistochemistry can provide a clue to the presence or absence of a molecular aberration typical of Spitz tumors. We describe a case of a plantar SN with genetic analysis, including anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), ROS proto-oncogene 1 (ROS1), BRAF (V600e) protein, and BRCA1-associated protein-1 (BAP1). However, we were not able to detect a characteristic gene aberration. To the best of our knowledge, no genetic aberrations in plantar SN cases have been reported. A comprehensive understanding of tumor genomics is expected to play an essential role in the classification of melanocytic tumors. Further genetic research on plantar SN is required to establish new criteria for distinguishing between SN and MM.

关键词： Spitz Nevus Plantar Malignant Melanoma

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Over-ground walking in Parkinson’s disease: A pilot study utilizing a portable metabolic analyzer

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Health 2012年第11期4卷 1127-1132页

作者： Alyssa D. Stookey Frederick M. Ivey Jessica e. Hammers Lisa M. Shulman karen Anderson Leslie I. Katzel Department of Neurology University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore USA Department of Psychiatry University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore USA Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine Department of Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore USA VA Maryland exercise and Robotics Center of excellence Baltimore USA

Alterations in gait biomechanics are common during early stages of Parkinson’s disease (PD), potentially elevating energy requirements of walking and leading to impaired economy of gait. Although gait economy is traditionally assessed during treadmill walking with simultaneous ox-ygen consumption (VO2) monitoring, treadmill gait mechanics, particularly in PD, may be different from over-ground walking mechanics, possibly providing a distorted picture of true gait economy. Currently, no studies have directly examined the energy cost of over-ground walking in PD patients. The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of measuring energy expenditure during over-ground walking in mild to moderate PD using portable gas exchange monitoring technology. Additionally, we sought to determine whether energy expenditure, as assessed through VO2 measures, related to disease severity for PD. Seventeen PD patients underwent separate 6-minute walk (6MW) tests both with and without the COSMeD K4b2 portable oxygen monitoring system. Gait economy was calculated as measured VO2 during 6MW divided by the predicted VO2 for non-PD age-matched subjects, according to a standard estimation equation utilizing ground speed. Distance covered during the 6MW with the portable system (420 ± 12 meters) was highly correlated (r = 0.96, p 2 peak for normal floor walking, and show impaired gait economy relative to prediction equations. Interestingly, the degree of elevated energy expenditure during gait did not relate to disease severity.

关键词： Gait economy Oxygen Consumption K4b2

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