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Current status of intestinal and multivisceral transplantation

Gastroenterology Report 2017年第1期5卷 20-28,I0001页

作者： Shishira Bharadwaj Parul Tandon Tushar D.Gohel Jill Brown Ezra Steiger Donald F.Kirby Ajai Khanna kareem abu-elmagd Center for Gut Rehabilitation and Transplantation the Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOHUSA

Clinical-nutritional autonomy is the ultimate goal of patients with intestinal failure(IF).Traditionally,patients with IF have been relegated to lifelong parenteral nutrition(PN)once surgical and medical rehabilitation attempts at intestinal adaptation have *** the past two decades,however,outcome improvements in intestinal transplantation have added another dimension to the therapeutic armamentarium in the field of gut *** has become possible through relentless efforts in the standardization of surgical techniques,advancements in immunosuppressive therapies and induction protocols and improvement in postoperative patient *** types of intestinal transplants include isolated small bowel transplant,liver-small bowel transplant,multivisceral transplant and modified multivisceral *** guidelines restrict intestinal transplantation to patients who have had significant complications from PN including liver failure and repeated *** an experimental stage to the currently established therapeutic modality for patients with advanced IF,outcome improvements have also been possible due to the introduction of tacrolimus in the early *** have shown that intestinal transplant is cost-effective within 1–3 years of graft survival compared with *** survival and quality of life as well as resumption of an oral diet should enable intestinal transplantation to be an important option for patients with IF in addition to continued *** research should focus on detecting biomarkers of early rejection,enhanced immunosuppression protocols,improved postoperative care and early referral to transplant centers.

关键词： intestinal transplant multivisceral transplant parenteral nutrition intestinal failure gut rehabilitation

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Plant grafting:Molecular mechanisms and applications

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 75-91页

作者： Ming Feng Frauke Augstein Abdul kareem Charles W.Melnyk Department of Plant Biology Linnean Center for Plant BiologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlmas allé575651 UppsalaSweden

People have grafted plants since antiquity for propagation,to increase yields,and to improve stress *** cutting and joining of tissues activates an incredible regenerative ability as different plants fuse and grow as *** over a hundred years,people have studied the scientific basis for how plants ***,new techniques and a deepening knowledge of the molecular basis for graft formation have allowed a range of previously ungraftable combinations to ***,we review recent developments in our understanding of graft formation,including the attachment and vascular formation *** analyze why plants graft and how biotic and abiotic factors influence successful *** also discuss the ability and inability of plants to graft,and how grafting has transformed both horticulture and fundamental plant *** our knowledge about plant grafting improves,new combinations and techniques will emerge to allow an expanded use of grafting for horticultural applications and to address fundamental research questions.

关键词： plant grafting regeneration mobile molecules tissue adhesion vascular differentiation stress tolerance

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Blade Wrap Angle Impact on Centrifugal Pump Performance:Entropy Generation and Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第7期140卷 109-137页

作者： Hayder kareem Sakran Mohd Sharizal Abdul Aziz Chu Yee Khor School of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Sains MalaysiaEngineering CampusNibong TebalPenang14300Malaysia Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringAl-Muthanna UniversityMuthanna66001Iraq Faculty of Mechanical Engineering&Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis(UniMAP)ArauPerlis02600Malaysia

The centrifugal pump is a prevalent power equipment widely used in different engineering patterns,and the impeller blade wrap angle significantly impacts its performance.A numerical investigation was conducted to analyze the influence of the blade wrap angle on flow characteristics and energy distribution of a centrifugal pump evaluated as a low specific speed with a value of *** study investigates six impellermodels that possess varying blade wrap angles(95°,105°,115°,125°,135°,and 145°)that were created while maintaining the same volute and other geometrical *** investigation of energy loss was conducted to evaluate the values of total and entropy generation rates(TEG,EGR).The fluid-structure interaction was considered numerically using the software tools ANSYS Fluent and *** elastic structural dynamic equation was used to estimate the structural response,while the shear stress transport k–ωturbulence model was utilized for the fluid domain *** findings suggest that the blade wrap angle has a significant influence on the efficiency of the *** impeller featuring a blade wrap angle of 145°exhibits higher efficiency,with a notable increase of 3.76%relative to the original *** in the blade wrap angle impact the energy loss,shaft power,and pump *** model with a 145°angle exhibited a maximum equivalent stress of 14.8MPa and a total deformation of 0.084 *** results provide valuable insights into the intricate flow mechanism of the centrifugal pump,particularly when considering various blade wrap angles.

关键词： Centrifugal pump blade wrap angle entropy generation theory fluid-structure interaction hydraulic performance

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射孔密度分布对水平井生产动态的影响

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石油勘探与开发 2024年第2期51卷 409-417页

作者： kareem Hasanain J HASINI Hasril ABDULWAHID Mohammed A 马来西亚国家能源大学工程学院机械工程系马来西亚加影43000 马来西亚国家能源大学可持续工程研究院马来西亚加影43000 南方工业大学热能工程系伊拉克巴士拉市61001

针对水平井产量受水平井井筒射孔密度分布影响的问题,建立两种水平井射孔密度分布模式(即分别增大井筒入口段和出口段射孔密度)下的数值模型对水平井两相流动进行模拟;将模拟结果与实验结果进行对比,验证本研究数值模拟方法的可靠性,在... 详细信息

针对水平井产量受水平井井筒射孔密度分布影响的问题,建立两种水平井射孔密度分布模式(即分别增大井筒入口段和出口段射孔密度)下的数值模型对水平井两相流动进行模拟;将模拟结果与实验结果进行对比,验证本研究数值模拟方法的可靠性,在此基础上采用数值模拟研究两种射孔密度分布模式下井筒各流型阶段总压降、气水两相流体表观速度、空隙率、液膜厚度和产气量、产液量的变化规律。研究表明,当水相流量保持不变时,随着空气流量的增加,总压降、气水两相流体表观速度增大,空隙率增加,液膜厚度减小;相较于增大出口段射孔密度,当入口段射孔密度增大时,产液量和产气量均增加,且产气量随着气体流量增加而增大;产液量在泡状流阶段增加,而达到弹状流—分层流过渡点后开始降低,进入分层波状流阶段后产液量开始增加;无因次产液量在增大井筒入口段射孔密度的模式下更大,且随着径向气相流量的增加而增大。

关键词：水平井两相流流型射孔密度井筒压降空隙率生产动态

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Isolated small bowel transplantation outcomes and the impact of immunosuppressants: Experience of a single transplant center

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World Journal of Transplantation 2013年第4期3卷 127-133页

作者： Ibtesam A Hilmi Raymond M Planinsic Ramona Nicolau-Raducu Daniela Damian Ali Al-Khafaji Tetsuro Sakai kareem abu-elmagd Department of Anesthesiology University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPresbyterian HospitalPittsburghPA 15213United States Department of Anesthesiology Ochsner Health SystemNew OrleansLA 70121United States Transplant Intensive Care Unit Department of Critical Care MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPA 15261United States Center for Gut Rehabilitation and Transplantation ClevelandOH 44195United States

AIM: To investigate patient and graft outcomes in isolated small bowel transplant(SBTx) recipients and immunosuppressant induction agent impact on ***: A retrospective review of the perioperative data of patients who underwent SBTx transplant during an 8-year period was conducted. The intraoperative data were: patient demographics, etiology of short gut syndrome, hemodynamic parameters, coagulation profiles, intraoperative fluid and blood products transfused, and development of post-reperfusion. The postoperative data were: hospital/intensive care unit stays, duration of mechanical ventilation, postoperative incidence of acute kidney injury, and 1-year patient and graft outcomes. The effects of the three immunosuppressant induction agents(Zenapax, Thymoglobulin, Campath) on patient and graft outcomes were ***: During the 8-year period there were 77 patients; 1-year patient and graft survival were 95% and 86% respectively. Sixteen patients received Zenapax, 22 received Thymoglobulin, and 39 received Campath without effects on patient or graft survival(P = 0.90, P = 0.14, respectively). The use of different immune induction agents did not affect the incidence of rejection and infection during the first 90 postoperative days(P = 0.072, P = 0.29, respectively). The Zenapax group received more intraoperative fluid and blood products and were coagulopathic at the end of surgery. Zenapax and Thymoglobulin significantly increased serum creatinine at 48 h(P = 0.023) and 1 wk(P = 0.001) post-transplant, but none developed renal failure or required dialysis at the end of the first ***: One-year patient and graft survival were 95% and 86%, respectively. The use of different immunosuppressant induction agents may affect the intraoperative course and short-term postoperative morbidities, but not 1-year patient and graft outcomes.

关键词： Small bowel transplant Outcomes Immune induction agents Zenapax Thymoglobulin Campath

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Review of Recent Trends in the Hybridisation of Preprocessing-Based and Parameter Optimisation-Based Hybrid Models to Forecast Univariate Streamflow

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工程与科学中的计算机建模(英文) 2024年第1期138卷 1-41页

作者： Baydaa Abdul kareem Salah L.Zubaidi Nadhir Al-Ansari Yousif Raad Muhsen Department of Civil Engineering University of MaysanMaysan57000Iraq Department of Civil Engineering Wasit UniversityWasit52001Iraq College of Engineering University ofWarith Al-AnbiyaaKarbala56001Iraq Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Lulea University of TechnologyLulea97187Sweden Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia

Forecasting river flow is crucial for optimal planning,management,and sustainability using freshwater *** machine learning(ML)approaches have been enhanced to improve streamflow *** techniques have been viewed as a viable method for enhancing the accuracy of univariate streamflow estimation when compared to standalone *** researchers have also emphasised using hybrid models to improve forecast ***,this paper conducts an updated literature review of applications of hybrid models in estimating streamflow over the last five years,summarising data preprocessing,univariate machine learning modelling strategy,advantages and disadvantages of standalone ML techniques,hybrid models,and performance *** study focuses on two types of hybrid models:parameter optimisation-based hybrid models(OBH)and hybridisation of parameter optimisation-based and preprocessing-based hybridmodels(HOPH).Overall,this research supports the idea thatmeta-heuristic approaches precisely improveML ***’s also one of the first efforts to comprehensively examine the efficiency of various meta-heuristic approaches(classified into four primary classes)hybridised with ML *** study revealed that previous research applied swarm,evolutionary,physics,and hybrid metaheuristics with 77%,61%,12%,and 12%,***,there is still room for improving OBH and HOPH models by examining different data pre-processing techniques and metaheuristic algorithms.

关键词： Univariate streamflow machine learning hybrid model data pre-processing performance metrics

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Use of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage as a rescue approach in cases of unsuccessful biliary drainage

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第1期30卷 70-78页

作者： Alessandro Fugazza kareem Khalaf Katarzyna M Pawlak Marco Spadaccini Matteo Colombo Marta Andreozzi Marco Giacchetto Silvia Carrara Chiara Ferrari Cecilia Binda Benedetto Mangiavillano Andrea Anderloni Alessandro Repici Division of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Humanitas Research Hospital-IRCCSRozzano 20089MilanoItaly Division of Gastroenterology St.Michael’s HospitalUniversity of TorontoToronto M5B 1W8ONCanada Department of Anesthesia Humanitas Research Hospital-IRCCSRozzano 20089MilanoItaly Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit Forlì-Cesena HospitalsRomagna 47121Italy Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit Humanitas Mater DominiCastellanza 21100Italy Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPavia 27100Italy

This narrative review provides an overview of the utilization of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage(EUS-GBD)as a salvage approach in cases of unsuccessful conventional ***-GBD is a minimally invasive and effective technique for drainage in patients with acute cholecystitis with high risk of *** procedure has demonstrated impressive technical and clinical success rates with low rates of adverse events,making it a safe and effective option for appropriate ***,EUS-GBD can also serve as a rescue option for patients who have failed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography or EUS biliary drainage for relief of jaundice in malignant biliary ***,patient selection is critical for the success of EUS-GBD,and proper patient selection and risk assessment are important to ensure the safety and efficacy of the *** the field continues to evolve and mature,ongoing research will further refine our understanding of the benefits and limitations of EUS-GBD,ultimately leading to improved outcomes for patients.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage Gallbladder drainage Acute cholecystitis Malignant obstruction Interventional endoscopic ultrasound Lumen-apposing metal stents

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Exogenous application of bio-stimulants and growth retardants improve nutrient absorption and fiber quality in upland cotton

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第2期7卷 137-147页

作者： Al-Khayri Jameel M. Arif Muhammad kareem Shadia Hama Salih Anwar Adeel Dehghanisanij Hossein Emami Somayeh Yasmeen Azra Aftab Komal Negm Mohamed Department of Agricultural Biotechnology College of Agriculture and Food SciencesKing Faisal University31982 Al‑AhsaSaudi Arabia Water Resources Zone Irrigation Department PunjabD.G.KhanPakistan Department of Biotechnology and Crop Science College of Agricultural Engineering SciencesUniversity of SulaimaniSulaimaniIraq Department of Agronomy PMAS-Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan Agricultural Research Education and Extension OrganizationAgricultural Engineering Research InstituteKarajAlborzIran Department of Water Engineering University of TabrizTabrizIran Department of Agronomy Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan Agricultural Research Center Cotton Research InstituteGiza 12619Egypt

Background Natural and synthetic plant growth regulators are essential for plant health,likewise these regulators also play a role in increasing organic production productivity and improving quality and yield *** the present study,we have evaluated the effects of foliar applied plant growth regulators,i.e.,moringa leaf extract(MLE)and mepiquat chloride(MC)alone and in combination MC and MLE on the conventional cotton cultivar(CIM 573)and transgenic one(CIM 598).The growth regulators were applied at the start of bloom,45 and 90 days after *** The application of MC and MLE at 90 days after blooming significantly improved the relative growth rate,net assimilation rate,the number of bolls per plant,and seed cotton ***,the combined application of MLE and MC at 90 days after blooming significantly boosted the nitrogen uptake in locules,as well as the phosphorus and potassium uptake in the leaves of both cotton *** application of MLE alone has considerably improved the nitrogen uptake in leaves,and phosphorus and potassium contents in locules of Bt and conventional cotton ***,Bt cotton treated with MLE at 90 days after blooming produced significantly higher ginning out turn and oil *** in combination(MLE+MC)at 90 days after blooming produced considerably higher micronaire value,fiber strength,and staple length in conventional *** The natural growth enhancer,MLE is a rich source of minerals and zeatin,improving the nutrient absorption and quality of cotton fiber in both conventional and Bt cotton cultivars.

关键词： Bio-stimulant Cotton Fiber quality Mepiquat chloride Moringa leaf extract Potassium accumulation Oil contents

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Targeting Cancers: Uncovering the Potential Roles of Potato Tissue Culture as Anti-Cancer Agents - A Secondary Publication

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第3期8卷 36-50页

作者： Tehseen Sajid Jallat Khan Zulqarnain Abbas Hafiz Muhammad Sultan Mahnoor Mazhar Muhammad Zubair Muhammad Dilshad Kashif kareem Institute of Biological Science Ground FloorBasic Sciences and Humanities BuildingKhwaja Fareed University of Engineering&Information TechnologyKFUEITRYKPakistan Institute of Plant Protection(Plant Pathology) MNS-University of Agriculture MultanPakistan Crop Diseases Research Institute(CDRI) National Agricultural Research Centre NARCIslamabadPakistan School of Chemistry University of Punjab LahorePakistan

Plant tissue culture is a technique that enhances the quality and quantity of potatoes. Potatoes are a significant crop and are primarily used in the world. It is a staple food in many countries, where millions of tonnes are produced annually. It is an essential source of many nutrients, such as proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and beta-carotene. In addition, potatoes are being used as therapeutic agents against cancer and other human diseases as well. Potatoes are on the third list after wheat and rice. To overcome food shortages and malnutrition, there are two methods used for producing potatoes: the first is sexual, which is seed propagation, and the second is asexual, which is plant tissue culture propagation. Conventional potato breeding is a uniform method, but it is unsafe because there is a risk of pathogen attack. In a laboratory setting, the tissue culture of potatoes produced millions of plants with nutrient-rich medium under controlled environmental conditions that prevent pest attacks. Some environmental stresses, such as salinity and water scarcity, affect potato yield and production;however, applying nanoparticles like organic, inorganic, and silicon dioxide enhances potato quality and combats stress. Biotechnology has proven to be helpful in addressing all these issues. This review discusses the significance of potatoes, their production through the tissue culture technique, and the application of nanoparticles to improve the growth, and impact of potatoes on human health.

关键词： Cancer Nanoparticle Potato Tissue culture

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The outcomes and safety of patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography combining a single-use cholangioscope and a single-use duodenoscope:A multicenter retrospective international study

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 71-76页

作者： Alessandro Fugazza Matteo Colombo Michel Kahaleh V.Raman Muthusamy Bick Benjamin Wim Laleman Carmelo Barbera Carlo Fabbri Jose Nieto Abed Al-Lehibi Mohan Ramchandani Amy Tyberg Haroon Shahid Avik Sarkar Dean Ehrlich Stuart Shermand Cecilia Binda Marco Spadaccini Andrea Iannone kareem Khalaf Nageshwar Reddy Andrea Anderloni Alessandro Repici Division of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Humanitas Research Hospital-IRCCSVia Manzoni 5620089RozzanoMilanoItaly Gastroenterology Rutgers Robert Wood JohnsonNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases University of CaliforniaLos Angeles School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Division of Digestive and Liver Disorders Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospitals LeuvenKU Leuven3000 LeuvenBelgium U.O.C.di Gastroenterologia ed Endoscopia Digestiva Ospedale Giuseppe MazziniASL TeramoItaly Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit Forlì-Cesena HospitalsAUSL RomagnaForlì-CesenaItaly Borland Groover Clinic JacksonvilleFloridaUSA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology King Fahad Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Asian Institute of Gastroenterology HyderabadIndia Section of Gastroenterology Department of Emergency and Organ TransplantationUniversity of BariBari 70124Italy Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityVia Rita Levi Montalcini 420090Pieve EmanueleMilanItaly

Background: Duodenoscope-related multidrug-resistant organism(MDRO) infections raise concerns. Disposable duodenoscopes have been recently introduced in the market and approved by regulatory agencies with the aim to reduce the risk of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) associated infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of procedures performed with single-use duodenoscopes in patients with clinical indications to single-operator cholangiopancreatoscopy. Methods: This is a multicenter international, retrospective study combining all patients who underwent complex biliopancreatic interventions using the combination of a single-use duodenoscope and a single-use cholangioscope. The primary outcome was technical success defined as ERCP completion for the intended clinical indication. Secondary outcomes were procedural duration, rate of cross-over to reusable duodenoscope, operator-reported satisfaction score(1 to 10) on performance rating of the single-use duodenoscope, and adverse event(AE) rate. Results: A total of 66 patients(26, 39.4% female) were included in the study. ERCP was categorized according to ASGE ERCP grading system as 47(71.2%) grade 3 and 19(28.8%) grade 4. The technical success rate was 98.5%(65/66). Procedural duration was 64(interquartile range 15-189) min, cross-over rate to reusable duodenoscope was 1/66(1.5%). The satisfaction score of the single-use duodenoscope classified by the operators was 8.6 ± 1.3 points. Four patients(6.1%) experienced AEs not directly related to the single-use duodenoscope, namely 2 post-ERCP pancreatitis(PEP), 1 cholangitis and 1 ***: Single-use duodenoscope is effective, reliable and safe even in technically challenging procedures with a non-inferiority to reusable duodenoscope, making these devices a viable alternative to standard reusable equipment.

关键词： Single-operator cholangioscopy Single-use duodenoscope Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Indeterminate biliary stricture Difficult biliary stones

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