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Decoding earth’s plate tectonic history using sparse geochemical data

Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第1期11卷 265-276页

作者： Michael G.Tetley Zheng-Xiang Li kara j.matthews Simon E.Williams R.Dietmar Müller EarthByte Group School of GeosciencesUniversity of SydneyNSWAustralia Seismological Laboratory California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA Data61 CSIROAustralian Technology ParkNSWAustralia Earth Dynamics Research Group The Institute for Geoscience Research(TIGeR)School of Earth and Planetary SciencesCurtin University of TechnologyGPO Box U1987PerthWA 6845Australia

Accurately mapping plate boundary types and locations through time is essential for understanding the evolution of the plate-mantle system and the exchange of material between the solid Earth and surface ***,the complexity of the Earth system and the cryptic nature of the geological record make it difficult to discriminate tectonic environments through deep *** we present a new method for identifying tectonic paleo-environments on Earth through a data mining approach using global geochemical *** first fingerprint a variety of present-day tectonic environments utilising up to 136 geochemical data attributes in any available combination.A total of 38301 geochemical analyses from basalts aged from 5-0 Ma together with a well-established plate reconstruction model are used to construct a suite of discriminatory models for the first order tectonic environments of subduction and mid-ocean ridge as distinct from intraplate hotspot oceanic environments,identifying 41,35,and 39 key discriminatory geochemical attributes,*** training and validation,our model is applied to a global geochemical database of 1547 basalt samples of unknown tectonic origin aged between 1000-410 Ma,a relatively ill-constrained period of Earth’s evolution following the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent,producing 56 unique global tectonic environment predictions throughout the Neoproterozoic and Early *** are used to discriminate between three alternative published Rodinia configuration models,identifying the model demonstrating the closest spatio-temporal consistency with the basalt record,and emphasizing the importance of integrating geochemical data into plate *** approach offers an extensible framework for constructing full-plate,deeptime reconstructions capable of assimilating a broad range of geochemical and geological observations,enabling next generation Earth system models.

关键词： Plate tectonics Geochemistry Geodynamics Supercontinents Rodinia Big data

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Measurement,associations,patterns,and promotion:Unveiling vital areas in physical activity epidemiology

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 605-607页

作者： kara M.Whitaker Guest editor Michael j.LaMonte Department of Health&Human Physiology University of IowaIowa CityIA 52242USA Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health University of BuffaloBuffaloNY 14214 USA

Physical activity(PA)epidemiology first emerged as a new field of study around the 1950s with publication of seminal investigations on London civil servants1 and has continued to evolve as a scientific discipline to present *** subdiscipline of epidemiology studies the frequencies,distributions,and dynamics of PA and its impact on human health,morbidity,and *** over the past 75 years has demonstrated numerous health benefits of *** on these research findings,the World Health Organization recommends adults aged 18-64 years engage in at least 150-300 min of moderate-intensity aerobic PA per week,or at least 75-150 min of vigorous-intensity aerobic PA per week,or a combination of both intensities.

关键词： epidemiology promotion continued

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Management of Barrett’s esophagus with dysplasia refractory to radiofrequency ablation

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第17期26卷 2030-2039页

作者： kara L Raphael Arvind j Trindade Division of Gastroenterology Long Island Jewish Medical CenterZucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/NorthwellNorthwell Health SystemNew Hyde ParkNY 11040United States

Radiofrequency ablation(RFA)is very effective for eradication of flat Barrett’s mucosa in dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus after endoscopic resection of raised ***,in a minority of the time,RFA may be ineffective at eradication of the Barrett’s *** complete eradication of intestinal metaplasia can be challenging in these *** review article focuses on the management of patients with dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus refractory to RFA *** strategies discussed in this review include optimizing the RFA procedure,optimizing acid suppression(with medical,endoscopic,and surgical management),cryotherapy,hybrid argon plasma coagulation,and EndoRotor resection.

关键词： Low-grade dysplasia High-grade dysplasia Radiofrequency ablation Cryotherapy EndoRotor Hybrid argon plasma coagulation Argon plasma coagulation

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Remote monitoring of implantable defibrillators is associated with fewer inappropriate shocks and reduced time to medical assessment in a remote and rural area

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World journal of Cardiology 2021年第3期13卷 46-54页

作者： kara Callum Claudia Graune Elizabeth Bowman Edward Molden Stephen j Leslie Department of Cardiology NHS HighlandInverness IV23UJUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Implantable cardioverter defibrillators(ICDs)and cardiac resynchronisation therapy with defibrillators(CRT-D)reduce mortality in certain cardiac patient ***,inappropriate shocks pose a problem,having both adverse physical and psychological effects on the *** advances in device technology now allow remote monitoring(RM)of devices to replace clinic follow up *** allows real time data to be analysed and actioned and this may improve patient *** To determine if RM in patients with an ICD is associated with fewer inappropriate shocks and reduced time to medical *** This was a single centre,retrospective observational study,involving 156 patients implanted with an ICD or CRT-D,followed up for 2 years post *** appropriate and inappropriate shocks were recorded along with cause for inappropriate shocks and time to medical *** RM was associated with fewer inappropriate shocks(13.6%clinic vs 3.9%RM;P=0.030)and a reduced time to medical assessment(15.1±6.8 vs 1.0±0.0 d;P<0.001).CONCLUSION RM in patients with an ICD is associated with improved patient outcomes.

关键词： Implantable cardioverter defibrillator Inappropriate shocks Remote monitoring Cardiac patients Heart failure Arrythmia

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Behaviors that predict personality components in adult free-ranging Tibetan macaques Macaca thibetana

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Current Zoology 2014年第3期60卷 362-372页

作者： Alexander j. PRITCHARD Lori K. SHEERAN kara I. GABRIEL jin-Hua LI Ronald S. WAGNER Department of Anthropology Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ 08901 USA Department of Anthropology Central Washington University Ellensburg WA 98926 USA Department of Psychology Central Washington University Ellensburg WA 98926 USA School of Resource and Environmental Engineering Anhui University Hefei 230601 China School of Life Science Anhui Normal University Hefei 230601 China Department of Biology Central Washington University Ellensburg WA 98926 USA

To further the potential for applied personality studies, we present a methodology for assessing personality in nonhu man animals without a priori assumptions, using behavioral measures to discriminate personality survey results. Our study group consisted of 12 freeranging, provisioned, adult Tibetan macaques Macaca thibetana at the Valley of the Wild Monkeys, China. We asked familiar Chinese park guards and scientists to rate each of the 12 macaques using 27item personality surveys. We also recorded behavioral observations （〉 100 hrs） from AugustSeptember, 2012. The personality surveys showed reliability in 22 of the items that were then utilized in a principal component analysis that revealed five components： Insecurity, Reactivity, Boldness, Sociability, and Leadership. Prior personality research on Macaca show comparable components. In order to determine which behaviors would best predict those five personality components, we conducted discriminant analyses using behavioral measures as predictors. We found that behavioral measures of avoidance, lunging, feargrinning, selfdirected behaviors, touching, proximity and chasing could significantly predict personality component scores in certain situations. Finally, we analyzed the effects of situation （provisioning and tourists） and found situation influenced proximity and rates of avoidance and selfdirected behaviors. Wider implementation of this methodology may permit longterm analysis of personality using behavioral proxies for established personality traits, in particular on research investigating the effects of tourism and provisioning on personality .

关键词： Tourism Provisioning Temperament Surveys Personality Primate

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Hospital readmissions in decompensated cirrhotics: Factors pointing toward a prevention strategy

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第37期23卷 6868-6876页

作者： Siamak M Seraj Emily j Campbell Sarah K Argyropoulos kara Wegermann Raymond T Chung james M Richter Massachusetts General Hospital Division of Gastroenterology Duke University Hospital Department of Medicine Harvard Medical School

AIM To reduce readmissions and improve patient outcomes in cirrhotic patients through better understanding of readmission *** We performed a single-center retrospective study of patients admitted with decompensated cirrhosis from january 1, 2011 to December 31, 2013(n = 222). Primary outcomes were time to first readmission and 30-d readmission rate due to complications of cirrhosis. Clinical and demographic data were collected to help describe predictors of readmission, along with care coordination measures such as post-discharge status and outpatient follow-up. Univariate and multivariateanalyses were performed to describe variables associated with *** One hundred thirty-two patients(59.4%) were readmitted at least once during the study period. Median time to first and second readmissions were 54 and 93 d, respectively. Thirty and 90-d readmission rates were 20.7 and 30.1 percent, respectively. Predictors of 30-d readmission included education level, hepatic encephalopathy at index, ALT more than upper normal limit and Medicare coverage. There were no statistically significant differences in readmission rates when stratified by discharge disposition, outpatient follow-up provider or time to first outpatient *** Readmissions are challenging aspect of care for cirrhotic patients and risk continues beyond 30 d. More initiatives are needed to develop enhanced, longitudinal post-discharge systems.

关键词： Chronic disease Re-hospitalizations Liver disease Readmissions Cirrhosis Chronic care

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Quantifying relations between altered hydrology and fish community responses for streams in Minnesota

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 536-560页

作者： jeffrey R.Ziegeweid Gregory D.johnson Aliesha L.Krall kara Fitzpatrick Sara B.Levin U.S.Geological Survey California Water Science Center6000 J StPlacer HallSacramentoCA 85819USA U.S.Geological Survey Upper Midwest Water Science Center2280 Woodale DrMounds ViewMN 55112USA Minnesota Pollution Control Agency 520 Lafayette RdSt.PaulMN 55155USA Minnesota Pollution Control Agency 7678 College RoadSuite 105BaxterMN 56425USA

Background:Altered hydrology is a stressor on aquatic life,but quantitative relations between specific aspects of streamflow alteration and biological responses have not been developed on a statewide scale in *** sub-sets regression analysis was used to develop linear regression models that quantify relations among five categories of hydrologic metrics(i.e.,duration,frequency,magnitude,rate-of-change,and timing)computed from streamgage records and six categories of biological metrics(i.e.,composition,habitat,life history,reproductive,tolerance,trophic)computed from fish-community samples,as well as fish-based indices of biotic integrity(FIBI)scores and FIBI scores normalized to an impairment threshold of the corresponding stream class(FIBI_BCG4).Relations between hydrology and fish community responses were examined using three hydrologic datasets that represented periods of record,long-term changes,and short-term changes to flow regimes in streams of ***:Regression models demonstrated significant relations between hydrologic explanatory metrics and fish-based biological response metrics,and the five regression models with the strongest linear relations explained over 70%of the variability in the biological metric using three hydrologic metrics as explanatory ***-based biological metrics demonstrated the strongest linear relations to hydrologic *** most commonly used hydrologic metrics were related to bankfull flows and aspects of flow ***:Final regression models represent paired streamgage records and biological samples throughout the State of Minnesota and encompass differences in stream orders,hydrologic landscape units,and watershed *** methods can support evaluations of stream fish communities and facilitate targeted efforts to improve the health of fish *** also can be applied to locations outside of Minnesota with continuous streamgage data and fish-community sampl

关键词： EflowStats Best subset regression Altered hydrology Fish community Indices of biotic integrity Ecological flows

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Dietary fatty acids and bioactive fatty acid metabolites in alcoholic liver disease

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Liver Research 2019年第3期3卷 206-217页

作者： kara H.Zirnheld Dennis R.Warner jeffrey B.Warner josiah E.Hardesty Craig j.McClain Irina A.Kirpich Division of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA University of Louisville Alcohol Center University of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA Robley Rex Veterans Medical Center LouisvilleKYUSA

Alcoholic liver disease(ALD)comprises a spectrum of liver pathology,including steatosis,steatohepatitis,and *** work from our group and others suggests that dietary fat,both the amount and composition,plays a pivotal role in ALD development and progression;however,the impact of specific dietary fatty acids on ALD pathogenesis is not fully *** rodent models of ALD revealed the deleterious effects of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-6 PUFAs),specifically linoleic acid(LA),and this may be partially attributed to the increased levels of pro-inflammatory oxidized LA *** is limited understanding regarding the role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-3 PUFAs,such as alpha-linolenic acid,eicosapentaenoic acid,and docosahexaenoic acid),and bioactive n-3 PUFAderived lipid molecules in *** that majority of n-6 and n-3 PUFAs-derived metabolites are potent endogenous signaling molecules,knowledge regarding the changes in these lipid mediators may shed new light on the mechanisms contributing to ALD pathogenesis and reveal novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers of this *** current review summarizes relevant scientific literature regarding the role of dietary fat,distinct fatty acids,and bioactive fatty acid metabolites in ALD,and highlights recent advances in the field.

关键词： Dietary fatty acids Bioactive fatty acid metabolites Alcoholic liver disease(ALD) Omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-6 PUFAs) Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-3 PUFAs)

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Molecular Characterization of the Calvin Cycle Enzyme Phosphoribulokinase in the Stramenopile Alga Vaucheria litorea and the Plastid Hosting Mollusc Elysia chlorotica

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Molecular Plant 2009年第6期2卷 1384-1396页

作者： Mary E. Rumpho Sirisha Pochareddy jared M. Worful Elizabeth j. Summer Debashish Bhattacharya Karen N. Pelletreau Mary S. Tyler jungho Lee james R. Manhart kara M. Soule Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and Molecular Biology 5735 Hitchner Halt University of Maine Orono ME 04469 USA Department of Biology Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA Department of Ecology Evolution and Natural Resources Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ 08901 USA School of Biology and Ecology University of Maine Orono ME 04469 USA Green Plant Institute #2-202 Bio Valley Seoul National University 103-2 Seodun Gwonseon Suwon Gyeonggi 441-853 Korea Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA

Phosphoribulokinase （PRK）, a nuclear-encoded plastid-localized enzyme unique to the photosynthetic carbon reduction （Calvin） cycle, was cloned and characterized from the stramenopile alga Vaucheria litorea. This alga is the source of plastids for the mollusc （sea slug） Elysia chlorotica which enable the animal to survive for months solely by photoautotrophic CO2 fixation. The 1633-bp V. litorea prk gene was cloned and the coding region, found to be interrupted by four introns, encodes a 405-amino acid protein. This protein contains the typical bipartite target sequence expected of nuclearencoded proteins that are directed to complex （i.e. four membrane-bound） algal plastids. De novo synthesis of PRK and enzyme activity were detected in E. chlorotica in spite of having been starved of V. litorea for several months. Unlike the algal enzyme, PRK in the sea slug did not exhibit redox regulation. Two copies of partial PRK-encoding genes were isolated from both sea slug and aposymbiotic sea slug egg DNA using PCR. Each copy contains the nucleotide region spanning exon 1 and part of exon 2 of V litorea prk, including the bipartite targeting peptide. However, the larger prk fragment also includes intron 1. The exon and intron sequences of prk in E. chlorotica and V/itorea are nearly identical. These data suggest that PRK is differentially regulated in V. litorea and E. chlorotica and at least a portion of the V. litorea nuclear PRK gene is present in sea slugs that have been starved for several months.

关键词： Alga Calvin cycle Elysia chlorotica kleptoplast mollusc phosphoribulokinase photosynthesis plastid redox regulation stramenopile symbiosis Vaucheria litorea.

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Degradation of naturally occurring and engineered antimicrobial peptides by proteases

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2011年第6期2卷 404-408页

作者： Bernard j. Moncla kara Pryke Lisa Cencia Rohan Phillip W. Graebing Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh USA.

We hypothesized that current antimicrobial peptides should be susceptible to proteolytic digestion. The antimicrobial peptides: Griffithinsin, RC-101, LL-37, LSA-5, PSC-RANTES and Dj007 were degraded by commercially available proteases. Two different species of anaerobic vaginal flora, Prevotella bivia and Porphyromonas asaccharolytica also degraded the materials. Griffithsin was resistant to digestion by 8 of the 9 proteases and the bacteria while LL-37 was the most sensitive to protease digestion. These data suggests most of the molecules may not survive for very long in the proteolytic rich environments in which they are intended to function.

关键词： Microbicides HIV Anti-HIV Antimicrobial Peptides Proteases

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