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Effects of early postnatal gastric and colonic microbiota transplantation on piglet gut health

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 645-658页

作者： Christina Larsen Simone Margaard Offersen Anders Brunse Mattia Pirolo Soumya Kanti kar Luca Guadabassi Thomas Thymann Department of Veterinary and Animal Science University of CopenhagenDyrlagevej 681870 Frederiksberg CDenmark Animal nutrition Wageningen Livestock ResearchWageningen University&Research1 De Elst6708 WageningenThe Netherlands

Background Diarrhea is a major cause of reduced growth and mortality in piglets during the suckling and weaning periods and poses a major threat to the global pig *** and gut dysbiosis may in part be prevented via improved early postnatal microbial colonization of the *** secure better postnatal gut colonization,we hypothesized that transplantation of colonic or gastric content from healthy donors to newborn recipients would prevent diarrhea in the recipients in the post-weaning *** objective was to examine the impact of transplanting colonic or gastric content on health and growth parameters and paraclinical parameters in recipient single-housed piglets exposed to a weaning transition and challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC).Methods Seventy-two 1-day-old piglets were randomized to four groups:colonic microbiota transplantation(CMT,n=18),colonic content filtrate transplantation(CcFT,n=18),gastric microbiota transplantation(GMT,n=18),or saline(COn,n=18).Inoculations were given on d 2 and 3 of life,and all piglets were milk-fed until weaning(d 20)and shortly after challenged with ETEC(d 24).We assessed growth,diarrhea prevalence,ETEC concentration,organ weight,blood parameters,small intestinal morphology and histology,gut mucosal function,and microbiota composition and *** Episodes of diarrhea were seen in all groups during both the milk-and the solid-feeding phase,possibly due to stress associated with single ***,CcFT showed lower diarrhea prevalence on d 27,28,and 29 compared to COn(all Pnce on d 27(Pnd a difference in beta diversity compared to COn(Pnd other paraclinical endpoints were similar across *** In conclusion,only CcFT reduced ETEC-related post-weaning ***,the protective effect was marginal,suggesting that higher doses,more effective modalities of administration

关键词： Colonic content filtrate transplantation Colonic microbiota transplantation Gastric microbiota transplantation Gut microbiota Mucosa neonatal Post-weaning diarrhea

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Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 945-997页

作者： Jian Sheng Loh Wen Qi Mak Li kar Stella Tan Chu Xin ng Hong Hao Chan Shiau Hueh Yeow Jhi Biau Foo Yong Sze Ong Chee Wun How Kooi Yeong Khaw School of Pharmacy Monash University MalaysiaJalan Lagoon Selatan47500 Bandar SunwaySelangorMalaysia School of Pharmacy Faculty of Health&Medical SciencesTaylor’s University1Jalan TaylorsSubang Jaya 47500 SelangorMalaysia Digital Health&Medical Advancements Taylor’s University1Jalan TaylorsSubang Jaya 47500 SelangorMalaysia School of Biosciences Faculty of Health&Medical SciencesTaylor’s University1Jalan TaylorsSubang Jaya 47500 SelangorMalaysia UCL School of Pharmacy University College London29-39 Brunswick SquareLondon WC1N 1AXUK

The human gastrointestinal tract is populated with a diverse microbial *** vast genetic and metabolic potential of the gut microbiome underpins its ubiquity in nearly every aspect of human biology,including health maintenance,development,aging,and *** advent of new sequencing technologies and culture-independent methods has allowed researchers to move beyond correlative studies toward mechanistic explorations to shed light on microbiome–host *** has unveiled the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and the central nervous system,referred to as the“microbiota–gut–brain axis”.The microbiota–gut–brain axis represents an important regulator of glial functions,making it an actionable target to ameliorate the development and progression of neurodegenerative *** this review,we discuss the mechanisms of the microbiota–gut–brain axis in neurodegenerative *** the gut microbiome provides essential cues to microglia,astrocytes,and oligodendrocytes,we examine the communications between gut microbiota and these glial cells during healthy states and neurodegenerative ***,we discuss the mechanisms of the microbiota–gut–brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases using a metabolite-centric approach,while also examining the role of gut microbiota-related neurotransmitters and gut ***,we examine the potential of targeting the intestinal barrier,blood–brain barrier,meninges,and peripheral immune system to counteract glial dysfunction in ***,we conclude by assessing the pre-clinical and clinical evidence of probiotics,prebiotics,and fecal microbiota transplantation in neurodegenerative diseases.A thorough comprehension of the microbiota–gut–brain axis will foster the development of effective therapeutic interventions for the management of neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： degenerative therapeutic diseases

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Are all primary omental infarcts truly idiopathic?Five case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第24期12卷 5596-5603页

作者： Haldun kar Danial Khabbazazar nihan Acar Şebnem karasu Halis Bağ Fevzi Cengiz Osman nuri Dilek Department of General Surgery Katip Celebi University Ataturk Training and Research Hospitalİzmir 35150Türkiye Department of Radiology İzmir Katip Celebi UniversitySchool of Medicineİzmir 35150Türkiye Department of Surgery İzmir Katip Celebi UniversitySchool of Medicineİzmir 35150Türkiye

BACKGROUnD Idiopathic omental infarction(IOI)is challenging to diagnose due to its low incidence and vague *** differential diagnosis also poses difficulties because it can mimic many intra-abdominal organ *** hypercoagulability and thrombosis are among the causes of omental infarction,venous thromboembolism scanning is rarely performed as an etiological *** SUMMARY The medical records of the 5 cases,who had the diagnosis of IOI by computed tomography,were *** majority of the patients were male(n=4,80%)and the mean age was 31 years(range:21-38).The patients had no previous abdominal surgery or a history of any chronic *** main complaint of all patients was persistent abdominal *** infarction was detected in all patients with contrast-enhanced computed *** treatment was initially preferred in all patients,but it failed in 1 patient(20%).After discharge,all patients were referred to the hematology department for thrombophilia *** 1 patient applied for thrombophilia screening and was homozygous for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(A1298C mutation)and heterozygous for a factor V Leiden *** IOI should be considered in the differential diagnosis in patients presenting with progressive and/or persistent right side abdominal *** risk factors such as hypercoagulability in patients with IOI is also important in preventing future conditions related to venous thromboembolism.

关键词： Omental infarction Acute abdominal pain Thrombophilia screening Factor V Leiden Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase Case report

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On solubility and supersolubility of some classes of finite groups

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Science China Mathematics 2009年第2期52卷 272-286页

作者： SHUM kar Ping SKIBA Alexander n. Department of Mathematics University of Hong Kong Department of Mathematics Francisk Skorina Gomel State University

AbstractLet G be a finite group and H a subgroup of G. Then H is said to be S-permutable in G if HP = PH for all Sylow subgroups P of G. Let H sG be the subgroup of H generated by all those subgroups of H which are S-permutable in G. Then we say that H is S-embedded in G if G has a normal subgroup T and an S-permutable subgroup C such that T ∩ H ? H sG and HT = C.Our main result is the followingTheorem AA group G is supersoluble if and only if for every non-cyclic Sylow subgroup P of the generalized Fitting subgroup F*(G) of G, at least one of the following holds: Every maximal subgroup of P is S-embedded in G.Every cyclic subgroup H of P with prime order or order 4 (if P is a non-abelian 2-group and H ? Z ∞ (G)) is S-embedded in G.

关键词： S-permutable subgroups S-embedded subgroups saturated formations generalized Fitting subgroups supersoluble groups 20D10 20D20 20D25

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Defining minimal invasive surgical therapy for benign prostatic obstruction surgery: Perspectives from a global knowledge, attitude, and practice survey

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 55-64页

作者： Bryan Kwun-Chung Cheng Steffi kar-Kei Yuen Daniele Castellani Marcelo Langer Wroclawski Hongda Zhao Mallikarjuna Chiruvella Wei-Jin Chua Ho-Yee Tiong Yiloren Tanidir Jean de la Rosette Enrique Rijo Vincent Misrai Amy Krambeck Dean S.Elterman Bhaskar K.Somani Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh Vineet Gauhar Department of Surgery United Christian HospitalHong KongChina S.H.Ho Urology Centre Department of SurgeryPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Urology University Hospital“Ospedali Riuniti”and Polytechnic University of Marche RegionAnconaItaly Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein Sao PauloSPBrazil BP—A Beneficencia Portuguesa de Sao Paulo Sao PauloSPBrazil Faculdade de Medicina do ABC Santo AndreSPBrazil Department of Urology Asian Institute of Nephrology and UrologyHyderabadTGIndia Department of Urology National University HospitalSingapore Department of Urology Marmara University School of MedicineIstanbulTurkey Department of Urology Medipol Mega University HospitalIstanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey Department of Urology Hospital Quiron BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Department of Urology Clinique PasteurToulouseFrance Department of Urology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Division of Urology Department of SurgeryUniversity Health NetworkUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada Department of Urology University Hospital Southampton NHS TrustSouthamptonUK Department of Urology Ng Teng Fong General HospitalNUHSSingapore

Objective:To scrutinize the definitions of minimal invasive surgical therapy(MIST)and to investigate urologists’knowledge,attitudes,and practices for benign prostatic obstruction ***:A 36-item survey was developed with a Delphi *** on definitions of MIST and attitudes and practices of benign prostatic obstruction surgeries were *** were invited globally to complete the online *** was achieved when more than or equal to 70%responses were“agree or strongly agree”and less than or equal to 15%responses were“disagree or strongly disagree”(consensus agree),or when more than or equal to 70%responses were“disagree or strongly disagree”and less than or equal to 15%responses were“agree or strongly agree”(consensus disagree).Results:The top three qualities for defining MIST were minimal blood loss(n=466,80.3%),fast post-operative recovery(n=431,74.3%),and short hospital stay(n=425,73.3%).The top three surgeries that were regarded as MIST were Urolift®(n=361,62.2%),Rezum®(n=351,60.5%),and endoscopic enucleation of the prostate(EEP)(n=332,57.2%).Consensus in the knowledge section was achieved for the superiority of Urolift®,Rezum®,and iTInD®over transurethral resection of the prostate with regard to blood loss,recovery,day surgery feasibility,and post-operative *** in the attitudes section was achieved for the superiority of Urolift®,Rezum®,and iTInD®over transurethral resection of the prostate with regard to blood loss,recovery,and day surgery *** on both sections was achieved for EEP as the option with the better symptoms and flow improvement,lower retreatment rate,and better suitable for prostate more than 80 ***:Minimal blood loss,fast post-operative recovery,and short hospital stay were the most important qualities for defining ***®,Rezum®,and EEP were regarded as MIST by most urologists.

关键词： Benignprostate hyperplasia Minimalinvasive surgical therapy Surgery Bladderoutlet obstruction

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Effect of Algae on Melon(Cucumis melo *** ***)Growth and Development under Drought-Stress Conditions

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第11期92卷 3177-3193页

作者： M.Zeki karİPÇİn BehcetİnAL Department of Horticulture Faculty of AgricultureSiirt UniversitySiirt56100Türkiye Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Faculty of Agriculture Siirt UniversitySiirt56100Türkiye

Due to climate change,it is necessary to develop plant varieties that are resilient to climate conditions and resistant to abiotic and biotic *** use of microalgae,which are microorganisms that contain carbohydrates,proteins,lipids,and vitamins,against drought tolerance is a new *** aim of the current study was to determine the drought-related mechanisms in the conomon melon genotype and develop drought-tolerant melon ***,physiological,pomological,and molecular analyses were carried out on the algae-treated *** has been determined that commercial algae application provides the best results in leaf temperature,leaf relative water contents(LRWC),plant height,fruit length,fruit diameter,and yield,while Cag Cag(a special river in the region)stream algae application gives better results in main stem *** was determined that the number of nodes in the control(without algae)plots was higher than in the other two *** and LRWC and plant height values of genotype 7 were the best values among other *** leaf temperature measurement was lower on genotype 9 than on the other *** the highest fruit length value was measured in genotype 1,genotype 8 was superior in the main stem diameter,fruit diameter,and the number of nodes among the remaining plant *** terms of yield,it was determined that the interaction between genotype 2 and the commercial algae resulted in the best *** addition,the results of the genetic evaluation revealed that the materials used were not genetically distant from each other and more detailed genetic evaluations are *** molecular kinship analysis revealed that the genotypes used in the study were divided into three distinct groups,with individuals within each group exhibiting a high degree of relatedness to one *** a result of the study,it was found that the application of microalgae had significant effects on improving the drought tolerance

关键词： Drought algae molecular taxonomy Cucumis melo subsp.agrestis var.conomon

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Immunoprophylactic potential of filarial glutathione-s-transferase in lymphatic filariaisis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第3期4卷 185-191页

作者： Madhusmita Bal Mandal n Achary KG Das MK kar SK Division of Immunology Regional Medical Research Centre(Indian Council of Medical Research) ChandrasekharpurBhubaneswar-751023India

Objective:To elucidates the immunoprophylactic potential of glutathion-s-transferase(GST) from cattle filarial parasite Setaria digitata(***) against lymphatic ***: GST was purified through affinity chromatography(SdGST) and chacterized by SDS-PAGE and nano-LC MS/MS *** isotypes to SdGST were measured by *** dependant cellular cytotoxicity(ADCC) was performed in vitro using sera from immunized animals and immune individuals.T-cell proliferation and cytokine response to SdGST in different groups of filariasis were *** potential of SdGST was evaluate in animal ***:SdGST exhibited 30-fold enhancement of enzyme activity over crude parasitic *** was found to be 26 kDa by *** LC-MS/MS analysis followed by blast search showed 100%homology with Dirqfilaria immitis(***) and only 43%with Homo sapiens(***).Immunoblotting analysis showed putatively immune individuals carry significant level of antibodies to SdGST as compared with *** sera and sera endemic normal could neutralize the enzymatic activity of SdGST and inducing in vitro cytotoxicity of *** blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) from endemic normals upon stimulation with SdGST showed a mixed type of Th1/Th2 *** immunization clear microfilariae from circulation in *** implanted ***:The heterologous GST could be potentially developed as a vaccine candidate against lymphatic filarial parasite.

关键词： Glutathione-s-transferase Setaria digitata Lymphatic filariasis

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Genetic diversity of PfEMP1-DBL 1-α and its association with severe malaria in a hyperendemic state of India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第7期3卷 505-509页

作者： Ronnaly Rout Gunanidhi Dhangadamajhi Biranchi n Mohapatra Shantanu K kar Manoranjan Ranjit Regional Medical Research Centre(ICMR) Bhubaneswar-751023Orissa.India SCB Medical College & Hospital.Cuttack-753007 Orissa.India Regional Medical Research Centre(ICMR).Bhubaneswar-751023 Orissa.India

Objective:To find out the extent of duffy-binding-like(DBL) a gene diversity and the resetting potential of the parasite population in association with severe ***:Genotyping of DBLαdomain was done by PCR using three sets of primers(FR,F1R2 and F2R2) and the rosetting frequency was assessed by parasite culture followed by ethidium bromide staining and visualization under a fluorescent ***:The significant association of high parasite density with severe malaria and the positive correlation between rosetting frequency and parasite density in vivo(P = 0.613,Pns having multiple fragments of F2R2 region and’b’variant of FR region of DBL 1-αshowed increased rosetting frequency and supported the strain specific association of disease severity. Conclusions:The findings suggest that rosetting mediated higher parasitemia might have contributed to the development of severe *** the rosetting domain of Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1(HEMP1),the DBL a binds to multiple host receptors; the significant association of multiple fragments of F2R2 region with severe malaria suggests several receptor-ligand interactions as the possible mechanisms of ***, the high percentage distribution of smaller fragments with mild malaria suggests the lack of adequate rosetting epitopes that might have contributed to low rosetting frequency in mild malaria.

关键词： Plasmodium falciparum Rosetting Parasite density DBL 1-α Severe malaria

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The construction of orthodox super rpp semigroups

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Science China Mathematics 2004年第4期47卷 552-565页

作者： He Yong Guo Yuqi kar Ping Shum School of Computer Science Hunan University of Science&TechnologyXiangtan 411201China Department of Mathematics Southwest Normal UniversityChongqing 400715China Department of Mathematics Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000China Faculty of Science The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinN.T.Hong KongChina

We define orthodox super rpp semigroups and study their semilattice decompositions. Standard representation theorem of orthodox super rpp semigroups whose subband of idempotents is in the varieties of bands described ... 详细信息

关键词： orthodox super rpp semigroup, band-like extension, left cancellative plank, semilattice decomposition, standard representation.

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Bravo capsule system optimizes intragastric pH monitoring over prolonged time:Effects of ghrelin on gastric acid and hormone secretion in the rat

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第40期14卷 6180-6187页

作者： Tobias Rudholm Per Mikael Hellstrm Elvar Theodorsson Colin Allan Campbell Peter Geoffrey mclean Erik nslund Department of Medicine Solna Karolinska Institutet Department of neurochemistry Linkping University Hospital neurology and GI CEDD GlaxoSmithKlineHarlowUKEssex CM19 5AWUnited Kingdom Division of Surgery Department of Clinical SciencesDanderyd HospitalKarolinska Institutet

AIM: To evaluate measurements of intragastric pH with the Bravo capsule system over a prolonged ***: A Bravo capsule was placed inside the rat gastric body and pH was studied for periods up to five consecutive *** comparison,a gastric fistula model was *** of ghrelin and esomeprazole,with or without pentagastrin,on gastric pH were *** addition,effects of esomeprazole on plasma ghrelin,gastrin and somatostatin were ***: All rats recovered after *** average 24-h pH during free feeding was 2.3 ± 0.1 (n = 20) with a variation of 18% ± 6% over 5 ***,2400 pmol/kg,*** pH from 1.7 ± 0.1 to 3.1 ± 0.3 (P nd 5 mg/kg) there was a dose-dependent pH increase of maximally 3.4 ± 0.1,with day-to-day variation over the entire period of 8% ± 3%.The fistula and pH studies generated similar *** inhibition with esomeprazole increased plasma ghrelin from 10 ± 2 pmol/L to 65 ± 26 pmol/L (P nd somatostatin from 10 ± 2 pmol/L to 67 ± 18 pmol/L (P nCLUSIOn: pH measurements with the Bravo capsule are reliable,and comparable to those of the gastric fistula *** Bravo system optimizes accurate intragastric pH monitoring over prolonged periods and allows both short-and long-term evaluation of effects of drugs and hormones.

关键词： Gastric acid Bravo system Intragastric pH, Ghrelin Somatostatin

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