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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第7期29卷 411-417页

作者： kaisa kerminen Ville Salovaara Merja Hannele Kontro University of Helsinki Department of Ecological and Environmental Sciences15140 LahtiFinland

The pesticide atrazine,its degradation products,and 2,6-dichlorobenzamide（BAM） are persistent in groundwater *** studied whether their dissipation can be enhanced with a mixture of a complex carbon source and zero-valent iron（ZVI） called EHC.The application rates were 1.0% and 2.0%（by weight） in subsurface sediments slurries（atrazine 30 mg/L）,and 2.0% in 1.5 m pilot-scale sediment columns with groundwater flowing through（atrazine 0.08,desethylatrazine DEA 0.03,BAM 0.02 μg/L）.In the slurries under aerobic conditions,atrazine of 0.88 ± 0.14 mg/g of EHC was dissipated chemically,as concentrations did not differ significantly between the slurries and their sterilized *** degradation occurred in the slurries under anaerobic *** the pilot-scale columns under water-saturated conditions,atrazine,DEA and BAM were not detected in effluents during 33,64 and 64 days from the beginning of the water flow through EHC columns,respectively,but thereafter traces of compounds could be *** atrazine or degradation products（BAM,DEA,deisopropylatrazine,desethyldeisopropylatrazine） could be extracted from the column sediments at the end of the *** a result,the sum of dissipated pesticides was about7.6 μg/g of EHC in columns under water-saturated conditions,and 0.88 mg/g of EHC in slurries under aerobic *** can be used to enhance the dissipation of studied pesticides in small quantities,preferentially under aerobic conditions.

关键词： Herbicides Subsurface sediments Dissipation EHC~ Organic matter Zero-valent iron

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On secondary new particle formation in China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第5期10卷 191-200页

作者： Markku Kulmala Tuukka Petaja Veli-Matti kerminen Joni Kujansuu Taina Ruuskanen Aijun Ding Wei Nie Min HU Zhibin Wang Zhijun Wu Lin Wang Douglas R. Worsnop University of Helsinki P.O. Box 64 Helsinki 00014 Finland Joint Intemational Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences (JirLATEST) Nanjing University and University of Helsinki Nanjing 210093 China Institute for Climate and Global Change Research Nanjing University Nanjing 210000 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Hahn-Meimer-Weg 1 Mainz DE 55128 Germany Department of Environmental Science & Engineering Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Aerodyne Research Inc. Billerica MA 01821 USA

Formation of new atmospheric aerosol particles is a global phenomenon that has been observed to take place in even heavily-polluted environments. However, in all environments there appears to be a threshold value of the condensation sink （due to pre-existing aerosol particles） after which the formation rate of 3 nm particles is no longer detected. In China new particle production has been observed at very high pollution levels （condensation sink about 0.1 s-1 ） m several megaclt es, including Beijing, Shanghai and Nanjing as well as in Pearl River Delta （PRD）. Here we summarize the recent findings obtained from these studies and discuss the various implications these findings will have on future research and policy.

关键词： Aerosol particles Heavily-polluted environments Condensation sink New particle production Megacities

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Long-term observation of air pollution-weather/climate interactions at the SORPES station： a review and outlook

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第5期10卷 9-23页

作者： Aijun Ding Wei Nie Xin Huang Xuguang Chi Jianning Sun Veli-Matti kerminen Zheng Xu Weidong Guo Tuukka Petaja Xiuqun Yang Markku Kulmala Congbin Fu Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences (JirLATEST) Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China Institute for Climate and Global Change Research School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Climate Change Jiangsu Province Nanjing 210023 China Department of Physics University of Helsinki Helsinki 00014 Finland

This work presents an overall introduction to the Station for Observing Regional Processes of the EarthSystem - SORPES in Nanjing, East China, and gives an overview about main scientific findings instudies of air pollution-weather/climate interactions obtained since 2011. The main results summarizedin this paper include overall characteristics of trace gases and aerosols, chemical transformationmechanisms for secondary pollutants like O3, HONO andsecondary ingrganic aerosols, and the airpollution- weather/climate interactions and feedbacks in mixed air pollution plumes from sources likefossil fuel combustion, biomass burning and dust storms. The future outlook of the development plan on instrumentation, networking and data-sharing for the SORPES station is also discussed.

关键词： Secondary pollution Ground-based measurement Planetary boundary layer meteorology Earth system processes

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The missing base molecules in atmospheric acid-base nucleation

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National Science Review 2022年第10期9卷 196-208页

作者： Runlong Cai Rujing Yin Chao Yan Dongsen Yang Chenjuan Deng Lubna Dada Juha Kangasluoma Jenni Kontkanen Roope Halonen Yan Ma Xiuhui Zhang Pauli Paasonen Tuukka Pet?j? Veli-Matti kerminen Yongchun Liu Federico Bianchi Jun Zheng Lin Wang Jiming Hao James N.Smith Neil M. Donahue Markku Kulmala Douglas R.Worsnop Jingkun Jiang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics Faculty of Science University of Helsinki Aerosol and Haze Laboratory Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute Center for Joint Quantum Studies and Department of Physics School of Science Tianjin University Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University Chemistry Department University of California Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies Carnegie Mellon University Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Aerodyne Research Inc.

Transformation of low-volatility gaseous precursors to new particles affects aerosol number concentration,cloud formation and hence the *** clustering of acid and base molecules is a major mechanism driving fast nucleation and initial growth of new particles in the ***,the acid-base cluster composition,measured using state-of-the-art mass spectrometers,cannot explain the measured high formation rate of new *** we present strong evidence for the existence of base molecules such as amines in the smallest atmospheric sulfuric acid clusters prior to their detection by mass *** demonstrate that forming(H2SO4)1(amine)1is the rate-limiting step in atmospheric H2SO4-amine nucleation and the uptake of(H2SO4)1(amine)1is a major pathway for the initial growth of *** proposed mechanism is very consistent with measured new particle formation in urban Beijing,in which dimethylamine is the key base for H2SO4nucleation while other bases such as ammonia may contribute to the growth of larger *** findings further underline the fact that strong amines,even at low concentrations and when undetected in the smallest clusters,can be crucial to particle formation in the planetary boundary layer.

关键词： new particle formation acid-base nucleation aerosol polluted urban environment

Contrasting trends of PM2.5 and surface-ozone concentrations in China from 2013 to 2017

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National Science Review 2020年第8期7卷 1331-1339页

作者： Yonghong Wang Wenkang Gao Shuai Wang Tao Song Zhengyu Gong Dongsheng Ji Lili Wang Zirui Liu Guiqian Tang Yanfeng Huo Shili Tian Jiayun Li Mingge Li Yuan Yang Biwu Chu Tuukka Pet?j? Veli-Matti kerminen Hong He Jiming Hao Markku Kulmala Yuesi Wang Yuanhang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research University of Helsinki China National Environmental Monitoring Center (CNEMC) Anhui Institute of Meteorological Sciences State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University

Although much attention has been paid to investigating and controlling air pollution in China, the trends of air-pollutant concentrations on a national scale have remained unclear. Here, we quantitatively investigated the variation of air pollutants in China using long-term comprehensive data sets from 2013 to 2017, during which Chinese government made major efforts to reduce anthropogenic emission in polluted regions. Our results show a significant decreasing trend in the PM2.5concentration in heavily polluted regions of eastern China, with an annual decrease of ～7% compared with measurements in 2013. The measured decreased concentrations of SO2, NO2and CO（a proxy for anthropogenic volatile organic compounds） could explain a large fraction of the decreased PM2.5concentrations in different regions. As a consequence, the heavily polluted days decreased significantly in corresponding regions. Concentrations of organic aerosol,nitrate, sulfate, ammonium and chloride measured in urban Beijing revealed a remarkable reduction from 2013 to 2017, connecting the decreases in aerosol precursors with corresponding chemical components closely. However, surface-ozone concentrations showed increasing trends in most urban stations from 2013 to 2017, which indicates stronger photochemical pollution. The boundary-layer height in capital cities of eastern China showed no significant trends over the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions from 2013 to 2017, which confirmed the reduction in anthropogenic emissions. Our results demonstrated that the Chinese government was successful in the reduction of particulate matter in urban areas from 2013 to 2017, although the ozone concentration has increased significantly, suggesting a more complex mechanism of improving Chinese air quality in the future.

关键词： air pollution clean-air action particulate matter surface ozone China chemical composition

The Silk Road agenda of the Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX) program

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Big Earth Data 2018年第1期2卷 8-35页

作者： Hanna K.Lappalainen Markku Kulmala Joni Kujansuu Tuukka Petaja Alexander Mahura Gerrit de Leeuw Sergej Zilitinkevich Merli Juustila Veli-Matti kerminen Bob Bornstein Zhang Jiahua Xue Yong Qiu Yubao Liang Dong Liu Jie Guo Huadong Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research(INAR)/Physics University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland Finnish Meteorological Institute HelsinkiFinland Climate Research Programme University of TyumenTyumenRussia Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Aerosol and Haze Laboratory Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingChina The Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences(JirLatest) Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Radiophysics University of Nizhny NovgorodNizhny NovgorodRussia Department of Geography Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia Department of Meteorology and Climate Science San Jose State UniversitySan JoseCAUSA

The Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road(B&R)aims at facilitating the twenty-first Century economic development of ***,climate change,air quality and related feedbacks are affecting the successful development of the environment and societies in the B&R geographical *** most urgent risks related to the atmospheric system,to the land system and to hydrospheric and cryospheric processes are changing climate-air quality interactions,air pollution,changing monsoon dynamics,land degradation,and the melting of Tibetan Plateau glaciers.A framework is needed in which a science and technology-based approach has the critical mass and expertise to identify the main steps toward solutions and is capable to implement this *** Pan-Eurasian Experiment(PEEX)program,initiated in 2012,aims to resolve science,technology and sustainability questions in the Northern Eurasian *** is now identifying its science agenda for the B&R *** fundamental element of the PEEX research agenda is the availability of comprehensive ground-based observations together with Earth observation *** complements the recently launched international scientific program called Digital Belt and Road(DBAR).PEEX has expertise to coordinate the ground-based observations and initiate new flagship stations,while DBAR provides a big data platform on Earth observation from China and countries along the Belt and Road *** DBAR and PEEX have joint interests and synergy expertise on monitoring on ecological environment,urbanization,cultural heritages,coastal zones,and arctic cold regions supporting the sustainable development of the Belt and Road *** this paper we identify the research themes of the PEEX related Silk Road agenda relevant to China and give an overview of the methodological requirements and present the infrastructure requirements needed to carry out large scale research program.

关键词： Silk road Economic Belt air quality land-climate feedbacks Earth observation data in situ observations multiscale modeling SMEa concept Pan-Eurasian Experiment(PEEX)program Digital Belt and road(DBa)program

长三角臭氧和细颗粒污染及其对区域污染控制和污染-气候相互作用的启示:SORPES观测站最新进展

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长三角臭氧和细颗粒污染及其对区域污染控制和污染-气候相互作用...

Continuous and comprehensive atmospheric observations in Beijing:a station to understand the complex urban atmospheric environment

十一届全国气溶胶会议暨第十届海峡两岸气溶胶技术研讨会

作者：丁爱军符淙斌杨修群孙鉴泞聂玮谢郁宁齐西蒙 E.Herrmann T.Pet?j? V.-M.kerminen M.Kulmala 南京大学气候与全球变化研究院/大气科学学院 Dept.of Physics University of Helsinki

南京大学气候与全球变化研究院与芬兰赫尔辛基大学合作于2009年起在南京大学仙林校区建立和发展了地球系统区域过程观测试验基地(SORPES),该基地致力于研究地表物理过程、大气化学-气候相互作用、生态系统-大气相互作用和水文过程及水... 详细信息

南京大学气候与全球变化研究院与芬兰赫尔辛基大学合作于2009年起在南京大学仙林校区建立和发展了地球系统区域过程观测试验基地(SORPES),该基地致力于研究地表物理过程、大气化学-气候相互作用、生态系统-大气相互作用和水文过程及水循环。站点位于南京东郊、长三角西部的下风向区域背景地区,具有很好的区域代表性。通过近2年的连续观测,本研究获得了长三角西部地区臭氧和细颗粒物PM2.5及其相关前体物的季节变化特征,发现了该地区臭氧、细颗粒污染的重要控制因子、天气过程及区域相互影响。本研究还发现在长三角地区高污染环境下也能出现频繁的新粒子生成事件,并提出了区别于国外清洁环境的主要限制因子。研究同时发现该地区不同类型来源的高浓度颗粒物污染会实质性的改变天气乃至区域气候。2012年6.10观测到的秸秆燃烧引起的高浓度气溶胶污染会导致天气预报对气温的严重高估和降水的"误报",多种计算机模型均不能重现该极端污染天气条件下的实际气温和降水分布。秸秆燃烧烟羽与城市及区域人为污染的混合,进而通过复杂的大气边界层-污染-云和辐射的正反馈机制影响大气结构以及降水。基于此,课题组将于2013/14两年在生物质燃烧的多发季节在SOEPES站点进行两期加强观测,针对此问题进行进一步研究。

关键词： SORPES观测基地区域代表性生物质燃烧反馈机制新粒子生成

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Big Earth Data 2020年第3期4卷 295-321页

作者： Yongchun Liu Chao Yan Zemin Feng Feixue Zheng Xiaolong Fan Yusheng Zhang Chang Li Ying Zhou Zhuohui Lin Yishou Guo Ying Zhang Li Ma Wenshuo Zhou Zhikun Liu Lubna Dada Kaspar Dallenbach Jenni Kontkanen Runlong Cai Tommy Chan Biwu Chu Wei Du Lei Yao Yonghong Wang Jing Cai Juha Kangasluoma Tom Kokkonen Joni Kujansuu Anton Rusanen Chenjuan Deng Yueyun Fu Rujing Yin Xiaoxiao Li Yiqun Lu Yiliang Liu Chaofan Lian Dongsen Yang Weigang Wang Maofa Ge Yuesi Wang Douglas R.Worsnop Heikki Junninen Hong He Veli-Matti kerminen Jun Zheng Lin Wang Jingkun Jiang Tuukka Petaja Federico Bianchi Markku Kulmala Aerosol and Haze Laboratory Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingChina Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution ComplexSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Environmental Science&Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjingChina State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Aerodyne Research Inc. BillericaMassachusettsUSA Institute of Physics University of TartuTartuEstonia Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences School of Atmospheric SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingChina

Due to profound impact on climate and human health,air quality has attracted attention from all levels of the civil *** key step in the provision of required tools for the society to tackle the complex air quality problem is to characterize it in a comprehensive manner with a long-term ***,we describe a continuous and comprehensive observation station and its accompanying state-ofthe-art instrumentation that was established to investigate the complex urban atmospheric environment in a rapidly developing Chinese *** station,located in downtown Beijing,aims to study air quality by identifying the major atmospheric pollutants and key processes determining their formation and loss mechanisms.A few hundreds of parameters are continuously measured with the state-of-the-art instruments,including trace gas concentrations,aerosol particle size distributions,and mass concentrations,covering aerosol particle chemical composition from molecules to micrometer-sized aerosol *** produced long-term,comprehensive big data with around 1�10^(11)bytes per *** this paper,we provide an overview on the facilities of the station,the instrumentation used,the workflow of continuous observations and examples of results from 2018 to 2019 and a basis for establishing a modern long-term,comprehensive atmospheric urban observation station in other megacities.

关键词： Continuous and comprehensive atmospheric observation air pollution complex photochemical smog haze new particle formation

Intense atmospheric pollution modifies weather: a case of mixed biomass burning with fossil fuel combustion pollution in eastern China

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Intense atmospheric pollution modifies weather: a case of mi...