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A Traffic-Aware and Cluster-Based Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for IoT-Assisted WSNs

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 1831-1850页

作者： Hina Gul Sana Ullah Ki-il Kim Farman Ali Department of Computer and Software Technology University of SwatMingora19130Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Republic of Korea Department of Applied AI Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul03063Republic of Korea

The seamless integration of intelligent Internet of Things devices with conventional wireless sensor networks has revolutionized data communication for different applications,such as remote health monitoring,industrial monitoring,transportation,and smart *** and reliable data routing is one of the major challenges in the Internet of Things network due to the heterogeneity of *** paper presents a traffic-aware,cluster-based,and energy-efficient routing protocol that employs traffic-aware and cluster-based techniques to improve the data delivery in such *** proposed protocol divides the network into clusters where optimal cluster heads are selected among super and normal nodes based on their residual *** protocol considers multi-criteria attributes,i.e.,energy,traffic load,and distance parameters to select the next hop for data delivery towards the base *** performance of the proposed protocol is evaluated through the network simulator *** different traffic rates,number of nodes,and different packet sizes,the proposed protocol outperformed LoRaWAN in terms of end-to-end packet delivery ratio,energy consumption,end-to-end delay,and network *** 100 nodes,the proposed protocol achieved a 13%improvement in packet delivery ratio,10 ms improvement in delay,and 10 mJ improvement in average energy consumption over LoRaWAN.

关键词： Internet of Things wireless sensor networks traffic load clustering routing energy efficiency

Effects of ethanol on insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ system in primary cultured rat hepatocytes: Implications of JNK1/2 and alcoholdehydrogenase

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第27期14卷 4324-4331页

作者： Young-il Oh Jong-Hoon Kim Chang-Won Kang Department of Veterinary Physiology College of Veterinary Medicine Bio-Safety Research Institute Chonbuk National University

AIM: To evaluate the effects of ethanol on the insulin- like growth factor-Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ) system involved in c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK1/2) and alcoholdehydrogenase (ADH) activity in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. METHODS: Hepatocytes isolated from male Sprague-Dawley rats were incubated with various concentrations of ethanol for different durations of time. The cells were pretreated with SP600125 (10 μmol/L) and 4-MP (200 μmol/L), and then treated with ethanol (200 mmol/L). We then measured IGF-Ⅰ secretion, IGF-Ⅰ mRNA expression, cell viability and JNK1/2 activity by radioimmunoassay, RT-PCR, MTT assay and Western blot, respectively (n = 6). RESULTS: Ethanol induced the activity of phospho (p)-JNK1/2, reaching a maximum at 60 min and then decreasing at 180 min. The effects of ethanol on the IGF-Ⅰ system were increased at 60 min (secretion: 7.11 ± 0.59 ng/mg protein vs 4.91 ± 0.51 ng/mg, mRNA expression: 150.2% ± 10.2% vs 101.5% ± 11.3%, P = 0.045) and then decreased at 180 min (secretion: 3.89 ± 0.25 ng/mg vs 5.4 ± 0.54 ng/mg protein; mRNA expression: 41.5% ± 10.4% vs 84.7% ± 12.1%, P = 0.04), however cell viability was decreased in a dose- and time-dependent manner. SP600125 blocked the ethanol-induced changes (at 60 min). Additionally, 4-methylpyrazole prevented the ethanol-induced decreases in the IGF-Ⅰ system, cell viability and p-JNK1/2 activity (at 180 min). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that ethanol- induced p-JNK1/2 activation is associated with the IGF-Ⅰ system and cell viability in hepatocytes. Furthermore, alcohol dehydrogenase is involved in the relationship between ethanol-induced inactivation of p-JNK1/2 and the changes of the IGF-Ⅰ system and cell viability.

关键词： Insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ Insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ receptor C-Jun N-terminal kinase Hepatocyte Ethanol

Home Range Size and Overlap of the Small Nocturnal Schlegel’s Japanese Gecko (Gekko japonicus), Introduced into a City Park in Korea

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Asian Herpetological Research 2019年第4期10卷 261-269页

作者： il-Kook PARK Dae-In KIM Jonathan JFONG Daesik PARK Department of Biology Kangwon National UniversityChuncheonKangwon 24341South Korea Science Unit Lingnan UniversityTuen MunNew TerritoriesHong KongChina Division of Science Education Kangwon National UniversityChuncheonKangwon 24341South Korea

Studying the home range of an organism is important in understanding its ecology. Due to being cryptic, few studies have been conducted on the home range studies of small, nocturnal geckos. We conducted radio-tracking surveys for 23 individuals to estimate the home range size and home range overlap of the Schlegel’s Japanese gecko(Gekko japonicus) previously introduced into a suburban city park. Individuals were commonly found in artificial structures(buildings and accessory structures) and on nearby natural trees. Daily moved distance was positively correlated with home range size. Minimum convex polygon(MCP) home range was 97.8 m^2 for females and 99.5 m^2 for males, on average. Gekko japonicus moved farther daily distances and used wider MCP and Kernel 95 home ranges in breeding season compared to non-breeding season, while the size of Kernel 50 home range did not differ between seasons. Both daily moved distance and home range size were not significantly different between sexes. In the breeding season, MCP and Kernel 50 home ranges of each gecko overlapped with 32.4% and 13.8% of remaining geckos, respectively. Our results not only show that 1) G. japonicus uses both artificial structures and adjacent natural trees as microhabitat, but also suggest that 2) G. japonicus is non-territorial, but has a core habitat that is shared with few other individuals, and 3) the reproductive system of G. japonicus is polygamous.

关键词： radio telemetry invasive species territory lizard Korea

UFC-Net with Fully-Connected Layers and Hadamard Identity Skip Connection for Image Inpainting

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 3447-3463页

作者： Chung-il Kim Jehyeok Rew Yongjang Cho Eenjun Hwang Korea Electronics Technology Institute Seongnam13488Korea School of Electrical Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul02841Korea

Image inpainting is an interesting technique in computer vision and artificial intelligence for plausibly filling in blank areas of an image by referring to their surrounding *** its performance has been improved significantly using diverse convolutional neural network(CNN)-based models,these models have difficulty filling in some erased areas due to the kernel size of the *** the kernel size is too narrow for the blank area,the models cannot consider the entire surrounding area,only partial areas or none at *** issue leads to typical problems of inpainting,such as pixel reconstruction failure and unintended *** alleviate this,in this paper,we propose a novel inpainting model called UFC-net that reinforces two components in *** first component is the latent networks in the middle of U-net to consider the entire surrounding *** second component is the Hadamard identity skip connection to improve the attention of the inpainting model on the blank areas and reduce computational *** performed extensive comparisons with other inpainting models using the Places2 dataset to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed *** report some of the results.

关键词： Image processing computer vision image inpainting image restoration generative adversarial nets

Effect of early atopic sensitization in children aged 0–2 years on the development of asthma symptoms at 9–11 years of age

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第11期18卷 753-760页

作者： Himmet Haluk Akar Ebru Nadir Burçin Beken Yakup Yeşil Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy University of Istanbul Health SciencesKanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey Division of Pediatrics University of Istanbul Health SciencesKanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy School of MedicineAcibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar UniversityIstanbulTurkey

Background Personal genetic predisposition and early life environmental factors are important for the development of childhood *** aimed to search whether egg,milk and mite sensitizations at 0–2 years old are risk factors for asthma symptoms at 9–11 years *** A total of 210 wheezer children who had specific immunoglobulin(Ig)E in 2010–2012 were included in the study(followed by pediatric allergy).Patients were divided into non-atopic(group 1,n=157)and atopic patients[groups 2–7,n=53(5 patients were in both group 4 and group 5)]based on *** the International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood questionnaire,current wheeze(CW,2nd question),exercise wheezing(EW,7th question),and dry cough(DC,8th question)were ***,parental allergies,eczema at 0–2 years,current eosinophil percentage and total IgE were *** Eczema was observed as an important risk factor[CW:odds ratio(OR)=2.83,95%confidence interval(CI)=1.54–5.23,P≤0.001;EW:OR=2.71,95%CI=1.33–5.54,P=0.006;DC:OR=3.03,95%CI=1.47–6.25,P=0.003],whereas having no atopic sensitization at 0–2-year-old(group 1)was found as a significant protective factor for asthma at 9–11 years old(CW:OR=0.32,95%CI=0.15–0.70,P=0.004;EW:OR=0.21,95%CI 0.10–0.44,P≤0.001;DC:OR=0.25,95%CI=0.10–0.59,P=0.002).Conclusion Early personal eczema is a significant risk factor for the development of asthma symptoms at 9–11 years old,whereas not having an allergic sensitization at 0–2 years old(group 1)is an important protective factor.

关键词： Asthma Children Risk factors

Voriconazole and the liver

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第14期7卷 1828-1833页

作者： Romeo-Gabriel Mihil Faculty of Medicine Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu

Voriconazole is an azole useful for the prophylaxis and the treatment of aspergillosis and other fungal infections in immunosuppressed subjects, as those found in aplasia after aggressive polychemotherapy treatments, after hematopoietic stem cell, liver or lung transplantation. Its administration in therapeutic doses lead to extremely varied serum levels from patient to patient and even to the same patient. The explanations are varied: nonlinearpharmacokinetics, certain patient-related factors, including genetic polymorphisms in the cytochrome P450 2C19 gene, the kidney and liver function, simultaneous administration with other drugs metabolised by the same cytochrome. It is recommended to maintain the serum concentrations of voriconazole between 1.5 and 4 μg/m L. At lower values its efficacy decreases and at higher values the risk of neurological toxicity increases. Even at these concentrations it is not excluded the possible appearance of a variety of toxic effects, including on the liver, manifested by cholestasis, hepatocytolisis, or their combination. It is recommended to monitor the clinical and laboratory evolution of all patients treated with voriconazole, and of the serum levels of the drug of those who belong to risk groups, even if there is still no consensus on this issue, given the lack of correlation between the serum level and the occurrence of adverse effects in many patients.

关键词： CYP2C19 Pharmacokinetics Liver toxicity Therapeutic drug monitoring Voriconazole

Surface properties of Al-doped ZnO thin film before and after CF_4/Ar plasma etching

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Plasma Science and Technology 2022年第7期24卷 194-200页

作者： Young-Hee JOO Gwan-Ha KIM Doo-Seung UM Chang-il KIM School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Republic of Korea Department of Semiconductor Materials and Applications Korea PolytechnicSeongnam 13122Republic of Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea

Al-doped ZnO(AZO) is considered as an alternative to transparent conductive oxide *** and achieving a stable surface are important challenges in the development and optimization of dry etching processes, which must be overcome for the application of AZO in various devices. Therefore, in this study, the etch rate and surface properties of an AZO thin film after plasma etching using the adaptive coupled plasma system were investigated. The fastest etch rate was achieved with a CF_(4)/Ar ratio of 50:50 sccm. Regardless of the ratio of CF_(4) to Ar,the transmittance of the film in the visible region exceeded 80%. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the AZO thin film confirmed that metal-F bonding persists on the surface after plasma etching. It was also shown that F eliminates O vacancies. Consequently, the work function and bandgap energy increased as the ratio of CF-4 increased. This study not only provides information on the effect of plasma on AZO thin film, but identifies the cause of changes in the device characteristics during device fabrication.

关键词： Al-doped ZnO plasma etching F-based plasma surface characteristics X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy

Survival benefit of concurrent chemoradiotherapy for advanced ampulla of Vater cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第2期12卷 267-275页

作者： Chae Hwa kwon Hyung il Seo Dong Uk Kim Sung Yong Han Suk Kim Nam Kyung Lee Seung Baek Hong Ji Hyun Ahn Young Mok Park Byeong Gwan Noh BioMedical Research Institute Pusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea Department of Surgery Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research InstitutePusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research InstitutePusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea Department of Radiology Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research InstitutePusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea Department of Pathology and Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea

BACKGROUND Currently,there is no standard adjuvant therapy for patients with resected ampulla of Vater(AoV)*** To evaluate the effectiveness of adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)in patients with advanced AoV cancer who underwent curative *** This single-centered,retrospective study included 29 patients with advanced AoV cancer who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy between 2006 and *** impact of CCRT on advanced AoV cancer was *** The 1-,3-,and 5-yr recurrence-free survival(RFS)rates for patients with advanced AoV cancer were 82.8%,48.3%,and 40.8%,respectively,and the overall survival(OS)rates were 89.7%,62.1%,and 51.7%,***-cular invasion was found to be a significant risk factor for RFS and OS in patients with advanced AoV cancer in the univariate analysis,whereas T stage and lymph node metastasis were significantly associated with OS in the multivariate *** to the patients who did not receive adjuvant CCRT,those who received adjuvant CCRT did not show statistically significant improvements in the RFS and OS,although they had a significantly lower average age and significantly higher platelet-to-lymphocyte *** Adjuvant CCRT did not improve survival outcomes in patients with advanced AoV *** findings contribute to existing knowledge on the effectiveness of CCRT in this patient population and provide important insights for clinical decision-making.

关键词： Advanced ampulla of Vater cancer Adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy Recurrence Survival Vater cancer

Delayed dislocation of the radial head associated with malunion of distal radial fracture: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第18期11卷 4334-4340页

作者： Ki Bum Kim Sung il Wang Department of Orthopaedics Surgery Jeonbuk National University Medical SchoolResearch Insitute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Insitute of Jeonbuk National University HospitalJeonju 561-756Republic of Korea

BACKGROUND Traumatic radial head dislocation(RHD)is a well-described injury in the pediatric *** is usually associated with an injury to the ulna in Monteggia fracture-dislocation,although it can occur as an isolated *** RHD with ipsilateral radial shaft fracture has rarely been *** RHD secondary to the malunion of an isolated radial shaft fracture is extremely *** SUMMARY We report a 9-year-old boy with limited pronation of the right *** patient was diagnosed with delayed RHD associated with the malunion of a distal radial *** the annular ligament was disrupted with forearm rotation causing subluxation of the radial head,a modified double-strip Bell Tawse procedure was performed to reconstruct the annular ligament without corrective osteotomy for the malunited *** years after surgery,the angulation deformity of the distal radius was corrected with the restoration of the normal curvature of the *** was no recurrence of *** Annular ligament reconstruction without corrective osteotomy could reduce RHD and restore the normal curve of the radial shaft in children with delayed dislocation of the radial head associated with malunion of the radial *** reconstruction using double triceps tendon strips might be useful for maintaining a more stable reduction by augmenting anterolateral parts.

关键词： Dislocation Radial head Malunion Radius shaft Reconstruction Annular ligament Case report