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Spatio-temporal change in forest cover and carbon storage considering actual and potential forest cover in South Korea

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第7期58卷 713-723页

作者： NAM Kijun LEE Woo-Kyun KIM Moonil kwak Doo-Ahn BYUN Woo-Hyuk YU Hangnan kwak hanbin KWON Taesung SUNG Joohan CHUNG Dong-Jun LEE Seung-Ho Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Korea University GIS/RS Center for Environmental Resources Korea University Division of Forest Ecology Korea Forest Research Institute National Forestry Cooperative Federation Division of Forest Economics & Management Korea Forest Research Institute

This study analyzes change in carbon storage by applying forest growth models and final cutting age to actual and potential forest cover for six major tree species in South Korea. Using National Forest Inventory data, the growth models were developed to estimate mean diameter at breast height, tree height, and number of trees for Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis, Pinus rigida, Larix kaernpferi, Castanea crenata and Quercus spp. stands. We assumed that actual forest cover in a forest type map will change into potential forest covers according to the Hydrological and Thermal Analogy Groups model. When actual forest cover reaches the final cutting age, forest volume and carbon storage are estimated by changed forest cover and its growth model. Forest volume between 2010 and 2110 would increase from 126.73 to 157.33 m^3 hm^-2. Our results also show that forest cover, volume, and carbon storage could abruptly change by 2060. This is attributed to the fact that most forests are presumed to reach final cutting age. To avoid such dramatic change, a regeneration and yield control scheme should be prepared and implemented in a way that ensures balance in forest practice and yield.

关键词： climate change final cutting age carbon storage national forestry inventory forest growth model

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Radial growth response of Pinus densiflora and Quercus *** topographic and climatic factors in South Korea

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2013年第5期6卷 380-392页

作者： Jae Gyun Byun Woo Kyun Lee Moonil Kim Doo Ahn kwak hanbin kwak Taejin Park Woo Hyuk Byun Yowhan Son Jung Kee Choi Young Jin Lee Joachim Saborowski Dong Jun Chung Jin Hyun Jung Institute for Environmental Research(Biology V) RWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 152074 AachenGermany Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul136-701Korea GIS/RS Center for Environmental Resources Korea UniversitySeoul 136-173Korea Department of Forest Management Kangwon National UniversityChunchon 200-701Korea Department of Forest Resources Kongju National UniversityKongju 341-701Korea Institute of Forest Biometry and Informatics Georg-August-University Gottingen37077 GottingenGermany National Forestry Cooperative Federation Daejeon 306-808Korea

Aims This study aimed to develop radial growth models and to predict the potential spatial distribution of Pinus densiflora(Japanese red pine)and Quercus spp.(Oaks)in South Korea,considering topographic and climatic *** We used a dataset of diameter at breast height and radial growth estimates of individual trees,topographic and climatic factors in systematic sample plots distributed over the whole of South *** the basis that radial growth is attributed primarily to tree age,we developed a radial growth model employing tree age as an explanatory *** estimated standard growth(SG),defined as radial growth of the tree at age 30,to eliminate the influence of tree age on radial *** addition,SG estimates including the Topographic Wetness Index,temperature and precipitation were calculated by the Generalized Additive *** Findings As a result of variogram analysis of SG,we found spatial autocorrelation between SG,topographic and climatic *** temperature had negative impacts on radial growth of *** and positive impacts on that of Quercus *** was associated with positive effects on both tree *** on the model,we found that radial growth of *** would be more vulnerable than that of Quercus *** climatic *** simulation with the radial growth model,it was predicted that *** stands would be gradually replaced with Quercus *** in eastern coastal and southern regions of South Korea in the *** models developed in this study will be helpful for understanding the impact of climatic factors on tree growth and for predicting changes in distribution of *** and Quercus *** to climate change in South Korea.

关键词： standard radial growth general additive model climatic factors climate change forest-cover change

On von Neumann Regularity of Commutators

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Algebra Colloquium 2024年第2期31卷 181-198页

作者： Nam Kyun Kim Tai Keun kwak Yang Lee Sung Ju Ryu Nanqing Ding School of Basic Sciences Hanbat National UniversityDaejeon 34158Korea Department of Data Science Daejin UniversityPocheon 11159Korea Department of Mathematics Yanbian UniversityYanjiJilin 133002China Institute for Applied Mathematics and Optics Hanbat National University Daejeon 34158Korea Department of Mathematics Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Korea 不详

We study the structure of rings which satisfy the von Neumann regularity of commutators,and call a ring R C-regularif ab-ba ∈(ab-ba)R(ab-ba)for all a,b in *** a C-regular ring R,we prove J(R[X])=N^(*)(R[X])=N^(*)(R)[X]=W(R)[X]■Z(R[X]),where J(A),N^(*)(A),W(A),Z(A)are the Jacobson radical,upper nilradical,Wedderburn radical,and center of a given ring A,respectively,and A[X]denotes the polynomial ring with a set X of commuting indeterminates over A;we also prove that R is semiprime if and only if the right(left)singular ideal of R is *** provide methods to construct C-regular rings which are neither commutative nor von Neumann regular,from any given ***,for a C-regular ring R,the following are proved to be equivalent:(i)R is Abelian;(ii)every prime factor ring of R is a duo domain;(ii)R is quasi-duo;and(iv)R/W(R)is reduced.

关键词： C-regular ring commutator regular ring commutative ring radical singular ideal

Investigation of operation and degradation mechanisms in ZnTeSe blue quantum-dot light-emitting diodes by identifying recombination zone

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6527-6533页

作者： Oul Cho Sujin Park Hogeun Chang Jiwhan Kim Jaekwon Kim Sungwoo Kim Taehyung Kim Jeonghun kwak Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Inter-university Semiconductor Research Centerand Soft Foundry InstituteSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Material Research Center Samsung Advanced Institute of TechnologySuwonGyeonggi-do 16419Republic of Korea

ZnTeSe quantum dots(QDs),recognized as promising eco-friendly blue electroluminescent emitters,remain under-explored in light-emitting diode(LED)***,to elucidate the operation and degradation mechanisms of ZnTeSe blue QD-LEDs,stacked ZnTeSe QD layers with discernable luminescence are designed by varying Te doping concentrations,and the recombination zones(RZs)of the blue QD-LEDs are *** RZs are identified near the hole-transport layer(HTL),confirmed by angular-dependent electroluminescence measurements and optical *** addition,in order to investigate carrier dynamics in the process of recombination,the transient electroluminescence(tr-EL)signals of the dichromatic QD-LEDs are *** a result,it is inferred that the RZ initially formed near the electron-transport layer(ETL)due to the high injection barriers of ***,due to the fast electron mobility,the RZ shifts toward the HTL as the operating current *** the device lifetime tests,the RZ remains stationary while the photoluminescence(PL)corresponding to the RZ undergoes a substantial decrease,indicating that the degradation is accelerated by the concentrated *** this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the operational mechanisms of ZnTeSe blue QD-LEDs.

关键词： quantum dots light-emitting diodes degradation recombination zones carrier dynamics

Solar Driven 15.7% Hydrogen Conversion by Harmony of Light Harvesting,Electron Transporting Bridge,and S-Defection in a Self-Assembled Microscale CuS/rGO/CP Photoanode

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 190-201页

作者： Sujeong Kim Boseok Seo Hyerim Park Younghwan Im Jeong Yeon Do Byung Sub kwak Namgyu Son Minkyu Kim Misook Kang Department of Chemistry College of Natural SciencesYeungnam UniversityGyeongsan Gyeongbuk 38541Korea School of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan Gyeongbuk 38541Korea Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKyoto 615-8510Japan Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology(Keit) Cheomdan-Ro 8-GilDong-GuDaegu 41069Korea Korea Electric Power Research Institute(KEPRI)105 Munji-ro Yooseong-guDaejeon 34056Korea

CuS is an encouraging photoelectrode candidate that meets the essential requirements for efficient solar-to-hydrogen production,but it has not been thoroughly studied.A CuS light absorber layer is grown by the self-assembly of copper and sulfur precursors on a carbon paper(CP)***,rGO is introduced as a buffer layer to control the optical and electrical properties of the *** well-ordered microstructural arrangement suppresses the recombination loss of electrons and holes owing to enhanced charge-carrier generation,separation,and *** potential reaching 10 mA cm^(-2)in 1.0 M KOH solution is significantly lowered to 0.87 V,and the photocurrent density at 1.23 V is 94.7 mA cm^(-2).The computational result reveals that the potential-determining step is sensitive to O^(*)stability;the lower stability of O^(*)in the thin layer of CuS/rGO decreases the free-energy gap between the initial and final states of the potential-determining step,resulting in a lowering of the onset *** faradaic efficiency for the photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution reaction in the optimized 2CuS/1rGO/CP photoanode is 98.60%,and the applied bias photon-to-current and the solar-to-hydrogen efficiencies are 11.2%and 15.7%,respectively,and its ultra-high performance is maintained for 250 *** record-breaking achievement indices may be a trigger for establishing a green hydrogen economy.

关键词： 15.7%-solar to hydrogen density functional theory lower photopotential p-CuS/rGO/CP photoanode photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution

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Microsphere-assisted hyperspectral imaging:super-resolution,non-destructive metrology for semiconductor devices

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1098-1111页

作者： Jangryul Park Youngsun Choi Soonyang Kwon Youngjun Lee Jiwoong Kim Jae-joon Kim Jihye Lee Jeongho Ahn Hidong kwak Yusin Yang Taeyong Jo Myungjun Lee Kwangrak Kim Metrology and Inspection Equipment R&D Team Mechatronics ResearchSamsung Electronics Co.Ltd.1-1 Samsungjeonja-rohwaseong-siGyeonggi-do18848Republic of Korea Process Development Department DRAM Process Development TeamSemiconductor R&D CenterSamsung Electronics Co.Ltd.1-1 Samsungjeonja-rohwaseong-siGyeonggi-do18848Republic of Korea Process Development Department Semiconductor R&D CenterSamsung Electronics Co.Ltd.1-1 Samsungjeonja-rohwaseong-siGyeonggi-do18848Republic of Korea

As semiconductor devices shrink and their manufacturing processes advance,accurately measuring in-cell critical dimensions(CD)becomes increasingly *** test element group(TEG)measurements are becoming inadequate for representing the fine,repetitive patterns in cell *** non-destructive metrology technologies like optical critical dimension(OCD)are limited due to their large spot diameter of approximately 25μm,which impedes their efficacy for detailed in-cell structural ***,there is a pressing need for small-spot and non-destructive metrology *** address this limitation,we demonstrate a microsphere-assisted hyperspectral imaging(MAHSI)system,specifically designed for small spot optical metrology with *** microsphere-assisted super-resolution imaging,this system achieves an optical resolution of 66 nm within a field of view of 5.6μm×5.6μ*** approach effectively breaks the diffraction limit,significantly enhancing the magnification of the *** MAHSI system incorporating hyperspectral imaging with a wavelength range of 400–790 nm,enables the capture of the reflection spectrum at each camera *** achieved pixel resolution,which is equivalent to the measuring spot size,is 14.4 nm/pixel and the magnification is *** MAHSI system enables measurement of local uniformity in critical areas like corners and edges of DRAM cell blocks,areas previously challenging to inspect with conventional OCD *** our knowledge,this approach represents the first global implementation of microsphere-assisted hyperspectral imaging to address the metrology challenges in complex 3D structures of semiconductor devices.

关键词： metrology resolution enable

Citizens’Mental Health Issues and Psychological Trauma Experience due to a Crowd-Crush Disaster in Korea

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第6期26卷 439-447页

作者： Yun-Jung Choi Jae-Won kwak Hae-In Namgung Red Cross College of Nursing Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul06974South Korea Graduate School of Nursing and Professions Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul06974South Korea Nursing Department Graduate School of Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul06974South Korea

This study evaluated the state of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, general mental health, and mental well-beingamong citizens after a crowd-crush disaster in Korea. Individuals who experienced the crowd crush had significantly higheranxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) scores than those who did not (p < 0.001). Additionally,people who avoided the disaster area had significantly higher depression and PTSD scores than those who did not avoid thearea (p < 0.001). Those who directly witnessed the Seoul Halloween crowd crush had a significant difference in PTSD levels ineither group than those who experienced it indirectly (p = 0.005). There was a significant difference in PTSD scores in cases ofdirect damage or death of an acquaintance (p < 0.001). The Seoul Halloween crowd crush caused psychological damagethrough indiscriminate exposure to the public, and symptoms of PTSD appeared over a long period. It is crucial to provideessential resources for ongoing treatment and case management.

关键词： Anxiety avoidance depression disaster experience mental health PTSD psychological trauma

Surgical Repair of Ventricular Septal Defect in Neonates: Indications and Outcomes

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第1期19卷 69-83页

作者： Jae Hong Lee Sungkyu Cho Jae Gun kwak Hye Won Kwon Woong-Han Kim Mi Kyoung Song Sang-Yun Lee Gi Beom Kim Eun Jung Bae Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and TechnologyPusan National University Yangsan HospitalYangsanKorea Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Seoul National University Children’s HospitalSeoulKorea Department of Pediatrics Seoul National University Children’s HospitalSeoulKorea

Background:The optimal surgical timing and clinical outcomes of ventricular septal defect(VSD)closure in neo-nates remain *** aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of VSD closure in neonates(age≤30 days).Methods:We retrospectively reviewed 50 consecutive neonates who underwent VSD closure for isolated VSDs between August 2003 and June *** for the procedure included congestive heart failure/failure to thrive and pulmonary *** adverse events(MAEs)were deﬁned as the composite of all-cause mortality,reoperation,persistent atrioventricular block,and signiﬁcant(≥grade 2)valvular ***:The median age and body weight at operation were 26.0 days(interquartile range[IQR],18.8–28.3)and 3.7 kg(IQR,3.3–4.2),*** median follow-up duration was 110.4 months(IQR,56.8–165.0).Seven patients required preoperative respiratory support,andﬁve had signiﬁcant(≥grade 2)preoperative valvular *** early mortality occurred due to irreversible cardiogenic shock;no late mortality was *** reopera-tion was due to hemodynamically signiﬁcant residual VSD at 103.8 months *** overall survival,freedom from reoperation,and freedom from MAE at 15-years were 98.0%,96.3%,and 94.4%,***-operative mechanical ventilation was associated with a longer duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation(p<0.001)and a longer length of intensive care unit stay(p<0.001).Conclusions:VSD closure with favorable outcomes without morbidities is feasible even in ***,neonates requiring preoperative respiratory support may require careful postoperative management considering the long-term postoperative ***,surgical VSD closure might be indicated earlier in neonates with respiratory compromise.

关键词： Ventricular septal defect neonate early surgery neonatal surgery

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非支配审议:亚里士多德的政治性概念

四川大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2024年第4期 36-44,206,207页

作者： [韩]郭峻赫中山大学哲学系(珠海) 珠海519000

亚里士多德的政治性概念可以根据政治统治中的审议和说服进行重新阐释,这一活动既不受限于少数人建制式的政治视野,也不需要公民共享某种团结友爱,而是人们出于免受他者支配的意愿试图说服对方,最终持对立主张的公民能够在不给予少数人... 详细信息

亚里士多德的政治性概念可以根据政治统治中的审议和说服进行重新阐释,这一活动既不受限于少数人建制式的政治视野,也不需要公民共享某种团结友爱,而是人们出于免受他者支配的意愿试图说服对方,最终持对立主张的公民能够在不给予少数人更大权力的情况下共同制定良好决策。考察亚里士多德的《政治学》和《修辞学》可以发现,一方面政治统治并非最佳可能政体中需要实现的政治理想,而是使得政治生活得以可能的必要条件,另一方面“说服”在民主审议中是一种让公民接受某种正义主张的重要修辞方式。亚里士多德的政治性概念可以取代霍布斯的政治性概念,前者在同样深刻洞察社会政治冲突的对抗本性后却没有像后者主张通过国家强制力来确保政治秩序,而是提出非支配的调节性原则来引导相互对抗的人们进行民主审议和决策。

关键词：政治性政治统治审议说服非支配

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