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Understanding the health and social care needs of people living with IBD: A meta-synthesis of the evidence

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第43期18卷 6240-6249页

作者： karen Kemp Jane Griffiths Karina Lovell School of Nursing Midwifery and Social Work University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL United Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology Manchester Royal Infirmary Manchester M13 9WL United Kingdom

AIM:To undertake a metasynthesis of qualitative studies to understand the health and social needs of people living with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS:A systematic search strategy identified qualitative studies exploring the phenomenon of living with inflammatory bowel disease. Databases included MEDLINE, PsychInfo, EMBASE, CINAHL and the British Nursing Index via the OVID platform. Qualitative search filters were adapted from Hedges database (http://***/hslt/miner/ digital_library/tip_sheets/Cinahl_eb_***). Qualitative empirical studies exploring the health and social needs of people living with inflammatory bowel disease were selected. Study eligibility and data extraction were independently completed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme for qualitative studies. The studies were analysed and synthesised using metasynthesis methodology. The themes from the studies allowed for common translations into a new interpretation of the impact of living with inflammatory bowel disease. RESULTS:Of 1395 studies, six published studies and one unpublished thesis fulfilled the inclusion criteria. First iteration of synthesis identified 16 themes, 2nd iteration synthesised these into three main 2nd order constructs:"detained by the disease"; "living in a world of disease" and "wrestling with life". "Detained by the disease" is the fear of incontinence, the behaviour the patients display due to the fear, and the impact this has on the individual, such as social isolation and missing out on life events. All of these serve to "pull" the patient back from normal living. "Living in a world of disease" is the long term effects of living with a long term condition and the fear of these effects. "Wrestling with life" is the continued fight to thrive, the "push" to continue normal living. CONCLUSION:The metasynthesis provides a comprehensive representation of living with IBD. The unmistakeable burden of incontinence is exposed and its ongoing

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Metasynthesis Qualitative Incontinence

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Inter-relationships between gastric emptying and glycaemia:Implications for clinical practice

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第5期14卷 447-459页

作者： Tejaswini Arunachala Murthy Marianne Chapman karen L Jones Michael Horowitz Chinmay S Marathe Adelaide Medical School University of AdelaideAdelaide 5000SAAustralia Intensive Care Unit Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaide 5000SAAustralia NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Nutritional Physiology Interventions and OutcomesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaide 5000SAAustralia Endocrine and Metabolic Unit Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaide 5000SAAustralia

Gastric emptying(GE)exhibits a wide inter-individual variation and is a major determinant of postprandial glycaemia in health and diabetes;the rise in blood glucose following oral carbohydrate is greater when GE is relatively more rapid and more sustained when glucose tolerance is ***,GE is influenced by the acute glycaemic environment acute hyperglycaemia slows,while acute hypoglycaemia accelerates *** GE(gastroparesis)occurs frequently in diabetes and critical *** diabetes,this poses challenges for management,particularly in hospitalised individuals and/or those using *** critical illness it compromises the delivery of nutrition and increases the risk of regurgitation and aspiration with consequent lung dysfunction and ventilator *** advances in knowledge relating to GE,which is now recognised as a major determinant of the magnitude of the rise in blood glucose after a meal in both health and diabetes and,the impact of acute glycaemic environment on the rate of GE have been made and the use of gut-based therapies such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists,which may profoundly impact GE,in the management of type 2 diabetes,has become *** necessitates an increased understanding of the complex inter-relationships of GE with glycaemia,its implications in hospitalised patients and the relevance of dysglycaemia and its management,particularly in critical *** approaches to management of gastroparesis to achieve more personalised diabetes care,relevant to clinical practice,is *** studies focusing on the interactions of medications affecting GE and the glycaemic environment in hospitalised patients,are required.

关键词： Glycaemia Gastric emptying Clinical practice Glucagon-like peptide-1

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Structure-from-Motion Photogrammetry and Rare Earth Oxides can quantify diffuse and convergent soil loss and source apportionment

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第4期11卷 633-648页

作者： Pia Benaud karen Anderson Mike R.James Timothy A.Quine John N.Quinton Richard E.Brazier CREWW GeographyFaculty of EnvironmentScience and EconomyUniversity of ExeterExeterDevonEX44RJUnited Kingdom Environment and Sustainability Institute University of ExeterPenrynCornwallTR109FEUnited Kingdom Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityBailriggLancasterLA14YQUnited Kingdom Geography Faculty of EnvironmentScience and Economy.University of ExeterExeterDevonEX44RJUnited Kingdom

Accurately quantifying rates of soil erosion requires capturing both the volumetric nature of the visible,convergent fluvial pathways(also known as rills)and the subtle nature of the less-visible,diffuse pathways(interrill areas).The aim of this study was to use Rare Earth Oxide(REO)tracers and Structure-from-Motion(SfM)photogrammetry to elucidate retrospective information about soil erosion rates and sediment sources during different soil erosion conditions,within a controlled laboratory *** experimental conditions created erosion events consistent with diffuse and convergent erosion *** tracers allowed the sediment transport distances of over 2 m to be described,and helped resolved the relative contribution of diffuse and convergent soil erosion;interrill areas were also iden-tified as a significant sediment sources soil loss under convergent erosion *** the potential for SfM photogrammetry to resolve sub-millimetre elevations changes was demonstrated,under some conditions non-erosional changes in surface elevation,such as compaction,exceeded volumes of soil loss via diffuse *** discrepancies between SfM Photogrammetry calculations and REO tagged sediment export were beneficial,identifying that during soil erosion events sediment in both aggregate and particle form is deposited within the convergent features,even when the rill extended the full length of the soil *** combination of SfM photogrammetry and REO tracers has provided a novel platform for building a spatial understanding of patterns of soil loss and source apportionment between rill and interrill erosion.

关键词： Soil erosion Structure-from-Motion Photogrammetry Rare Earth Oxides Tracers Sediment Rainfall simulator Sheetwash Rilling Interrill

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Role of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第47期13卷 6314-6320页

作者： karen R Canlas Malcolm S Branch Division of Gastro- enterology and Hepatology Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina 27710 United States

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a useful tool in the evaluation and management of acute pancreatitis. This review will focus on the role of ERCP in specific causes of acute pancreatitis, including microlithiasis and gallstone disease, pancreas divisum, Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, tumors of the pancreaticobiliary tract, pancreatic pseudocysts, and pancreatic duct injury. Indications for endoscopic techniques such as biliary and pancreatic sphincterotomy, stenting, stricture dilation, treatment of duct leaks, drainage of fluid collections and stone extraction will also be discussed in this review. With the advent of less invasive and safer diagnostic modalities including endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and magnetic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), ERCP is appropriately becoming a therapeutic rather than diagnostic tool in the management of acute pancreatitis and its complications.

关键词： Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogr aphy Acute pancreatitis

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癌症化学预防:过去,现在和未来(英文)

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化学进展 2013年第9期25卷 1421-1428页

作者： Michael B. Sporn karen T. Liby Department of Pharmacology Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Hanover New Hampshire 03755 USA

本文将对癌症化学预防的发展历史、研究现状及其未来前景作一简要评述,主要包括以下内容:癌症化学预防的科学基础,正在使用的癌症化学预防药物,对新合成药物的需求,以及面临的挑战等。本文尤其强调了联合用药在有效的癌症预防中的重要性。

关键词：化学预防癌症选择性雌激素受体调控剂 rexinoids 三萜

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Italian For Dummies 2

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丛书名： For Dummies (Language & Literature)

2011年

作者： Onofri Francesca Romana Möller karen Antje Picarazzi Teresa L.

ISBN: (数字)9781118138670

ISBN: (纸本)9781118004654

The fun and easy way to take your Italian language skills to the next level The tips, techniques, and information presented here give students, travelers, and businesspeople a primer on how to speak Italian. Complete with updates, a bonus CD, and the traditional For Dummies user-friendly format, this new edition of Italian For Dummies gives you reliable lessons, practice, and language learning techniques for speaking Italian with ease and confidence. Featuring a revamped, user-friendly organization that builds on your knowledge and ability, Italian For Dummies offers expanded coverage of the necessary grammar, major verb tenses, and conjugations that beginners need to know. Plus, you'll get a fully updated and expanded audio CD that includes real-life conversations; a refreshed and expanded mini-dictionary; more useful exercises and practice opportunities; and more. Builds on your skills and ability as you learn Covers the grammar, verb tenses, and conjugations you need to know Includes a mini-dictionary Audio CD includes real-life conversations If you're looking to reach a comfort level in conversational Italian, Italian For Dummies gets you comfortably speaking this Romantic language like a native.

关键词： Italian For Dummies Italian For Dummies 2nd Edition Italian For Dummies Second Edition how to speak Italian learn to speak Italian Italian grammar book Italian language book Italian language books Intermediate Italian For Dummies Italian Verbs For Dummies learn Italian speak Italian language immersion

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Occurrence and fate of endogenous steroid hormones,alkylphenol ethoxylates, bisphenol A and phthalates in municipal sewage treatment systems

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第11期29卷 49-58页

作者： Qian Wu James C.W.Lam karen Y.Kwok Mirabelle M.P.Tsui Paul K.S.Lam State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution (SKLMP) Department of Biology and Chemistry Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Sustainable Use of Marine Biodiversity City University of Hong Kong Department of Science and Environmental Studies The Education University of Hong of Kong

Steroid hormones, alkylphenol ethoxylates（APEOs） and phthalic acid esters（PAEs） are emerging endocrine disrupting chemicals（EDCs） that can interfere with the endocrine function in organisms at low concentrations. The occurrence, distribution behavior, removal rate and the fate of 31 target EDCs in sewage treatment plants, which consist of various treatment facilities and receiving water in Hong Kong, were investigated. Estrone,nonylphenol-di-ethoxylate and diethyl phthalate were found to be dominant in each group of influent samples with concentrations ranging from 11–33, 747–3945 and 445–4635 ng/L,respectively. Conversely, progesterone, nonylphenol-mono-ethoxylate and bis（2-ethylhexyl）phthalate were the most abundant in dewatered sludge, with concentrations ranging from 0.9–237, 75–19,743 and 4310–37,016 ng/g（dry weight）. The removal rates of primary sedimentation and disinfection approaches were lower than 30% for most of the chemicals,while those of activated sludge and reverse osmosis were greater than 80% for more than two-thirds of the compounds, noticeably decreasing the estrogenic risk of sewage discharged into the environment. Steroid hormones were removed via biological degradation, while some APEOs and PAEs adsorbed to the sludge. Victoria Harbor poses a low to medium estrogenic risk mainly contributed by estrone and estradiol and deserves attention.

关键词： Endocrine disruptor Steroid hormone Alkylphenol ethoxylate Phthalic acid ester Risk assessment

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Role of CFTR mutation analysis in the diagnostic algorithm for cystic fibrosis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第2期13卷 129-135页

作者： Michelle Ratkiewicz Matthew Pastore karen Sharrock McCoy Rohan Thompson Don Hayes Jr. Shahid Ijaz Sheikh Departments of Pediatrics the Ohio State University College of Medicine ColumbusOhioUSA Section of Pulmonary Medicine Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOhioUSA Departments of Pediatrics the Ohio State University College of Medicine ColumbusOhioUSA Section of Human and Molecular Genetics Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOhioUSA Departments of Pediatrics the Ohio State University College of Medicine ColumbusOhioUSA Internal Medicine the Ohio State University College of Medicine ColumbusOhioUSA Section of Pulmonary Medicine Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOhioUSA

Background:The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutation identification is being used with increased frequency to aid in the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF) in those suspected with *** of this study was to identify diagnostic outcomes when CFTR mutational analysis was used in CF *** mutational analysis results were also compared with sweat chloride ***:This study was done on all patients at our institution who had CFTR mutation analysis over a sevenyear period since August ***:A total of 315 patients underwent CFTR mutational ***-one (16.2%) patients had two mutations *** them 32 had positive sweat chloride levels (≥60 mmol/L),while seven had borderline sweat chloride levels (40-59 mmol/L).An additional 70 patients (22.3%) had only one mutation *** them eight had positive sweat chloride levels,and 17 had borderline sweat chloride ***-five patients (17.5%) without CFTR mutations had either borderline (n=45) or positive (n=10) sweat chloride *** patients with a CF phenotype had negative CFTR analysis but elevated sweat chloride *** eighty-three patients (26.4%) CFTR mutational analysis was done without corresponding sweat chloride ***:Although CFTR mutation analysis has improved the diagnostic capability for CF,its use either as the first step or the only test to diagnose CFTR dysfunction should be discouraged and CF diagnostic guidelines need to be followed.

关键词： CFTR cystic fibrosis sweat chloride

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Neuropathy experienced by colorectal cancer patients receiving oxaliplatin: A qualitative study to validate the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy/Gynecologic Oncology Group-Neurotoxicity scale

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2020年第2期12卷 205-218页

作者： karen Kaiser Madison Lyleroehr Sara Shaunfield Leilani Lacson Maria Corona Sheetal Kircher Malin Nittve David Cella Department of Medical Social Sciences Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611United States Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611United States Project and Regulatory Affairs PledPharma ABStockholm 11446Sweden

BACKGROUND Although oxaliplatin is widely established as a standard treatment in colorectal cancer(CRC),oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy has emerged as a prominent doselimiting side effect associated with quality of life *** monitoring and management of neuropathy is important for CRC patient quality of life and adherence to ***,a validated self-reported measure of neuropathy would aid in the management and assessment of oxaliplatininduced neuropathy in clinical practice and *** sought to evaluate the content validity of the 13-item Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy/Gynecologic Oncology Group-Neurotoxicity subscale(FACT/GOGNtx)for CRC patients receiving *** To understand the neuropathy experiences of CRC patients and assess content validity of the FACT/*** Semi-structured concept elicitation and cognitive debriefing interviews were conducted with 31 CRC patients experiencing peripheral neuropathy from current or previous oxaliplatin *** data were analyzed using a constant comparative approach,and data were mapped to the FACT/GOG-Ntx to assess content *** Mean age of the sample was 54(range 34-82).The sample was primarily Caucasian(84%)and consisted of nearly equal numbers of men and *** described 28 unique neuropathy symptoms;hand tingling(experienced by 87%of respondents);feet tingling(81%);hand numbness(68%);and feet numbness(84%)were most frequently *** symptoms occurring on the feet were most often identified as most bothersome by *** of the 13 FACT/GOG-Ntx items exhibited moderate to strong evidence of content *** items related to trouble hearing and ringing in the ears had weak support;however,these items represent severe neuropathy and could be useful for a patient reported outcome *** The FACT/GOG-Ntx represents the key neuropathy experiences of CRC patients treated with oxaliplatin.

关键词： Neuropathy Colorectal cancer Patient reported outcomes Quality of life

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Increased mortality in women: sex differences in burn outcomes

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Burns & Trauma 2017年第2期5卷 113-120页

作者： karen Karimi Iris Faraklas Giavonni Lewis Daniel Ha Bridget Walker Yan Zhai Gareth Graves Sharmila Dissanaike Department of Surgery Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center 36014th Street MS 8312 Lubbock TX 79430 USA Department of Surgery University of Utah Health Sciences Center 30 N 1900 East Salt Lake City UT 84132 USA

Background: There is increasing evidence that sex differences may influence responses after thermal injury and affect clinical outcomes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationships between sex, thermal injury,body size, and inpatient mortality in burn ***: Medical records of adults with >20% total body surface area (TBSA) burn injury admitted to two American Burn Association (ABA)-verified burn centers between 2008 and 2014 were retrospectively *** details and baseline characteristics, including body size as estimated by body surface area (BSA) and body mass index (BMI) were recorded, along with details of the hospital course. The primary outcome of inpatient mortality was compared between ***: Out of 334 subjects, 60 were women (18%). Median TBSA was 33% (IQR 25-49) in this cohort, with 19% full thickness burns and 30% inhalation injury. Despite no significant difference in age, presence of inhalation injury, TBSA,or depth of burn, women had significantly higher rates of inpatient mortality (45 vs. 29%, P = 0.01). BSA was significantly lower in women vs. men (P < 0.001), but this difference was not more pronounced among *** was no difference in BMI between men and women non-survivors. Although not significant (P = 0.28), women succumbed to their injuries sooner than men (day 4 vs. 10 post-injury).Conclusions: Women are less likely to survive burn injuries and die sooner than men with similar injuries. Body size does not appear to modulate this effect. Burn centers should be aware of the higher mortality risk in women with large burns.

关键词： Mortality Sex Gender Burn Survival Outcome

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