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Possible Sources of Forecast Errors Generated by the Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System for Landfalling Tropical ***Ⅰ:Initial Uncertainties

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第7期33卷 841-851页

作者： Feifan ZHOU Munehiko yamaguchi Xiaohao QIN Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmowheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 Meteorological Research Institute of the Japan Meteorological Agency Tsukuba 305-0052Japan State key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029

This paper investigates the possible sources of errors associated with tropical cyclone （TC） tracks forecasted using the Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System （GRAPES）. The GRAPES forecasts were made for 16 landfaIling TCs in the western North Pacific basin during the 2008 and 2009 seasons, with a forecast length of 72 hours, and using the default initial conditions （＂initials＂, hereafter）, which are from the NCEP-FNL dataset, as well as ECMWF initials. The forecasts are compared with ECMWF forecasts. The results show that in most TCs, the GRAPES forecasts are improved when using the ECMWF initials compared with the default initials. Compared with the ECMWF initials, the default initials produce lower intensity TCs and a lower intensity subtropical high, but a higher intensity South Asia high and monsoon trough, as well as a higher temperature but lower specific humidity at the TC center. Replacement of the geopotential height and wind fields with the ECMWF initials in and around the TC center at the initial time was found to be the most efficient way to improve the forecasts. In addition, TCs that showed the greatest improvement in forecast accuracy usually had the largest initial uncertainties in TC intensity and were usually in the intensifying phase. The results demonstrate the importance of the initial intensity for TC track forecasts made using GRAPES, and indicate the model is better in describing the intensifying phase than the decaying phase of TCs. Finally, the limit of the improvement indicates that the model error associated with GRAPES forecasts may be the main cause of poor forecasts of landfalling TCs. Thus, further examinations of the model errors are required.

关键词： tropical cyclone track forecast error diagnosis Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System initialuncertainty

Bone fragility in type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2010年第1期1卷 3-9页

作者： Toru yamaguchi Internal Medicine 1 Shimane University Faculty of MedicineShimane 693-8501Japan

The number of patients with osteoporosis or type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is increasing in aging and westernized *** disorders predispose elderly people to disabling conditions by causing fractures and vascular complications,*** is well documented that bone metabolism and glucose/fat metabolism are etiologically related to each other through osteocalcin action and Wnt *** fragility in T2DM,which is not reflected by bone mineral density(BMD),depends on bone quality deterioration rather than bone mass ***,surrogate markers are needed to replace the insensitivity of BMD in assessing fracture risks of T2DM ***,the endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation endproducts,and insulin-like growth factor-I seem to be such candidates,although further studies are required to clarify whether or not these markers could predict the occurrence of new fractures of T2DM patients in a prospective fashion.

关键词： Osteoporosis Type 2 diabetes mellitus Fracture risk Osteocalcin Wnt signaling

Development of perianal ulcer as a result of acute fulminant amoebic colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第34期18卷 4794-4797页

作者： Takayuki Torigoe Yoshifumi Nakayama koji yamaguchi Department of Surgery 1 School of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthKitakyushu 807-8555Japan

We report a case of acute fulminant amoebic colitis that resulted in the development of a perianal ulcer in a 29-year-old Japanese homosexual man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The patient was admitted to our hospital with a persistent perianal abscess that was refractory to antibiotic therapy adminis-tered at another hospital. On admission, we observed a giant ulcer in the perianal region. At first, cytomega-lovirus colitis was suspected by blood investigations. Ganciclovir therapy was initiated; however, the patient developed necrosis of the skin around the anus during therapy. We only performed end-sigmoidostomy and necrotomy to avoid excessive surgical invasion. Histopathological examination of the surgical specimen revealed the presence of trophozoite amoebae, indicating a final diagnosis of acute fulminant amoebic colitis. The patient's postoperative course was favorable, and proctectomy of the residual rectum was performed 11 mo later. Amoebic colitis is one of the most severe complications affecting patients with AIDS. Particularly, acute fulminant amoebic colitis may result in a poor prognosis; therefore, staged surgical therapy as a lessinvasive procedure should be considered as one of the treatment options for these patients.

关键词：尖锐暴发性的阿米巴的大肠炎 Perianal 溃疡获得的免疫不全症候群 Cytomegalovirus 大肠炎上演外科

Stimulatory effect on the transport mediated by organic anion transporting polypeptide 2B1

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2020年第2期15卷 181-191页

作者： Jiro Ogura Hiroaki yamaguchi Nariyasu Mano Tohoku University Hospital Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesMiyagi 980-8574Japan

Drug-drug interaction(DDI)is one of causes of adverse drug events and can result in lifethreatening *** anion-transporting polypeptide(OATP)2B1 is a major uptake transporter in the intestine and contributes to transport various clinically used therapeutic *** intestine has a high risk of DDI,because it has a special propensity to be exposed to a high concentration of ***,understanding drug interaction mediated by OATP2B1 in the absorption process is important for the prevention of adverse drug events,including decrease in the therapeutic effect of co-administered *** drug interaction occurs through the direct inhibitory effect on transporters,including ***,some compounds such as clinically used drugs and food components have an acute stimulatory effect on transport of co-administered drugs by *** review summarizes the acute stimulatory effect on the transport mediated by OATP2B1 and discusses the mechanisms of the acute stimulatory effects of *** are two types of acute stimulatory effects,substrate-independent and-dependent interactions on OATP2B1 *** facilitating translocation of OATP2B1 to the plasma membrane is one of causes for the substrate-independent acute stimulatory *** the contrary,the substrate-dependent effect is based on the direct binding to the substrate-binding site or allosteric progesterone-binding site of OATP2B1.

关键词： OATP2B1 Drug interaction Stimulatory effect Membrane translocation Conformational change

A Study on High Subsonic Airfoil Flows in Relatively High Reynolds Number by Using OpenFOAM

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Journal of Thermal Science 2014年第2期23卷 133-137页

作者： Shinichiro NAkAO Masashi kASHITANI Takeshi Miyaguni Yutaka yamaguchi Department of Mechanical Engineering Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science536 Aba-MachiNagasaki851-0193JAPAN Department of Aerospace Engineering National Defense Academy1-10-20 HashirimizuYokosuka239-8686JAPAN

In the present study,numerical calculations of the flow-field around the airfoil model are performed by using the OpenFOAM in high subsonic *** airfoil model is NACA *** maximum thickness is 10 % of the chord *** SonicFOAM and the RhoCentralFOAM are selected as the solver in high subsonic *** grid point is 158,000 and the Mach numbers are 0.277 and 0.569 *** CFD data are compared with the experimental data performed by the cryogenic wind tunnel in the *** results are as *** numerical results of the pressure coefficient distribution on the model surface calculated by the SonicFOAM solver showed good agreement with the experimental data measured by the cryogenic wind *** the data calculated by the SonicFOAM have the capability for the quantitative comparison of the experimental data at low angle of attack.

关键词：翼型模型高亚声速高雷诺数流量实验数据亚音速流低温风洞数值计算

Exome-wide variation in a diverse barley panel reveals genetic associations with ten agronomic traits in Eastern landraces

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2023年第4期50卷 241-252页

作者： June-Sik kim kotaro Takahagi komaki Inoue Minami Shimizu Yukiko Uehara-yamaguchi Asaka kanatani Daisuke Saisho Ryuei Nishii Alexander ELipka Takashi Hirayama kazuhiro Sato keiichi Mochida Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceYokohama 230-0045Japan Institute of Plant Science and Resources Okayama UniversityKurashiki 710-0046Japan kihara Institute for Biological Research Yokohama City UniversityYokohama 244-0813Japan Graduate School of Nanobioscience Yokohama City UniversityYokohama 236-0027Japan School of Information and Data Sciences Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki 852-8521Japan Department of Crop Sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Microalgae Production Control Technology Laboratory RIKEN Baton Zone ProgramRIKEN Cluster for ScienceTechnology and Innovation HubYokohama 230-0045Japan

Barley(Hordeum vulgare ***)is one of the first crops to be domesticated and is adapted to a wide range of *** barley germplasm collections possess valuable allelic variations that could further improve barley *** barley genomics has offered a global picture of allelic variation among varieties and its association with various agronomic traits,polymorphisms from East Asian varieties remain *** this study,we analyze exome polymorphisms in a panel of 274 barley varieties collected worldwide,including 137 varieties from East Asian countries and *** reveal the underlying population structure and conduct genome-wide association studies for 10 agronomic ***,we examin genome-wide associations for traits related to grain size such as awn length and glume *** results demonstrate the value of diverse barley germplasm panels containing Eastern varieties,highlighting their distinct genomic signatures relative to Western subpopulations.

关键词： Barley Exome-seq Genome-wide association study(GWAS) Population structure Allelic variation

On/off switching of adhesion in gecko-inspired adhesives

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Biosurface and Biotribology 2021年第2期7卷 83-89页

作者： Tetsuo yamaguchi Akira Akamine Yoshinori Sawae Department of Biomaterial Sciences The University of TokyoTokyoJapan Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan International Institute for Carbon‐Neutral Energy Research Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan

In this study,the adhesion-detachment behaviour of a gecko-inspired adhesive pad was investigated to understand the on/off switching mechanisms of adhesion in gecko feet.A macroscopic spatula model was fabricated using silicone rubber,and adhesion tests combining lateral sliding and vertical debonding were *** was observed that the contact state and the adhesion force of the pad vary considerably with the direction of lateral sliding prior to debonding,and that the pad achieves adhesion during debonding even when it loses contact due to excess lateral *** results explain the mech-anisms behind the on/off switching and stable adhesion of gecko feet,and suggest the possibility of developing new-generation adhesives capable of switchable adhesion.

关键词： rubber macroscopic behaviour

How do Plants Organize Microtubules Without a Centrosome?

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第8期49卷 1154-1163页

作者： TakashiMurata TakakoTanahashi Tomoaki Nishiyama kazuo yamaguchi Mitsuyasu Hasebe National Institute for Basic Biology Okazaki 444-8585Japan Department of Basic BiologyThe Graduate University for Advanced StudiesOkazaki 444-8585Japan Advanced Science Research Center Kanazawa UniversityTakaramachi 13-1Kanazawa 920-0934Japan ERATOJapan Science and Technology AgencyTakaramachi 13-1Kanazawa 920-0934Japan Advanced Science Research Center Kanazawa UniversityTakaramachi 13-1Kanazawa 920-0934Japan Graduate School of Natural Science and TechnologyKanazawa UniversityKanazawa 920-1192Japan National Institute for Basic Biology Okazaki 444-8585Japan Department of Basic BiologyThe Graduate University for Advanced StudiesOkazaki 444-8585Japan ERATOJapan Science and Technology AgencyOkazaki 444-8585Japan

A microtubule nucleates from a γ-tubuUn complex, which consists of γ-tubulin, proteins from the SPC971SPC98 family, and the WD40 motif protein GCP-WD. We analyzed the phylogenetic relationships of the genes encoding these proteins and found that the components of this complex are widely conserved among land plants and other eukaryotes. By contrast, the interphase and mitotic arrays of microtubules in land plants differ from those in other eukaryotes. In the interphase cortical array, the majority of microtubules nucleate on existing microtubules in the absence of conspicuous microtubule organizing centers （MTOCs）, such as a centrosome. During mitosis, the spindle also forms in the absence of conspicuous MTOCs. Both poles of the spindle are broad, and branched structures of microtubules called microtubule converging centers form at the poles. In this review, we hypothesize that the microtubule converging centers form via microtubule-dependent microtubule nucleation, as in the case of the interphase arrays. The evolutionary insights arising from the molecular basis of the diversity in microtubule organization are discussed.

关键词： cortical microtubules evolution γ-tubulin microtubule nucleation mitotic spindle.

Differential Responses Between Monocytes and Monocyte-Derived Macrophages for Lipopolysaccharide Stimulation of Calves

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2009年第3期6卷 223-229页

作者： Yijie Guo Guoqi Zhao Sachi Tanaka Takahiro yamaguchi Laboratory of animal nutrition Graduate School of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou University Wen Hui Road Jiangsu 225009 China Laboratory of Functional Morphology Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University 1-1 Tsutsumidori-Amamiyamachi Aobaku Sendai 981-8555 Japan

In this experiment Toll-like receptor expression pattern in monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages by lipopolysaccharide （LPS） stimulation was examined. Jugular venous blood was collected from four Japanese calves, and the peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs） were isolated. The cells were directly used for collecting monocytes by magnetic cell sorting or cultured for 7 days to collect monocyte-derived macrophages in Repcell. Then we analyzed the mRNA expression pattern of TLRs and cytokines in monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages after LPS stimulation for 24 h. LPS stimulation of both monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages resulted in an increase in the levels of mRNA transcripts for TNF-α IL-6 and IL-8. Moreover, TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expressions were significantly augmented by LPS stimulation in monocyte-derived macrophages. TLRs mRNA expressions were unchanged after LPS stimulation of monocytes, while TLRs mRNA expressions in monocyte-derived macrophages were complicated. TLR1, 3, 5, 8 and 10 were significantly decreased after LPS stimulation and there were no differences in the mRNA expressions of TLR2, 4, 6 and 7 between the groups of control and LPS stimulation. Besides, no expression of TLR9 was found. As antigen presenting cells, monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages respond differently to LPS, so they may have different functions in the innate immune system.

关键词： Toll-like receptor monocyte monocyte-derived macrophage bovine