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Bayesian network model to distinguish between intentional attacks and accidental technical failures:a case study of floodgates

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Cybersecurity 2021年第1期4卷 442-460页

作者： Sabarathinam Chockalingam wolter Pieters AndréTeixeira Pieter van Gelder Faculty of Technology Policy and ManagementDelft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands Department of Risk Safety and SecurityInstitute for Energy TechnologyHaldenNorway Behavioural Science Institute Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands Department of Electrical Engineering Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden

Water management infrastructures such as floodgates are critical and increasingly operated by Industrial Control Systems(ICS).These systems are becoming more connected to the internet,either directly or through the corporate *** makes them vulnerable to *** behaviour in floodgates operated by ICS could be caused by both(intentional)attacks and(accidental)technical *** operators notice abnormal behaviour,they should be able to distinguish between those two causes to take appropriate measures,because for example replacing a sensor in case of intentional incorrect sensor measurements would be ineffective and would not block corresponding the attack *** the previous work,we developed the attack-failure distinguisher framework for constructing Bayesian Network(BN)models to enable operators to distinguish between those two causes,including the knowledge elicitation method to construct the directed acyclic graph and conditional probability tables of BN *** a full case study of the attack-failure distinguisher framework,this paper presents a BN model constructed to distinguish between attacks and technical failures for the problem of incorrect sensor measurements in floodgates,addressing the problem of floodgate *** utilised experts who associate themselves with the safety and/or security community to construct the BN model and validate the qualitative part of constructed BN *** constructed BN model is usable in water management infrastructures to distinguish between intentional attacks and accidental technical failures in case of incorrect sensor *** could help to decide on appropriate response strategies and avoid further complications in case of incorrect sensor measurements.

关键词： Bayesian network DeMorgan model Intentional attack Probability elicitation Safety Security Technical failure Water management

Ultrasound enhanced friction stir welding of aluminum and steel： Process and properties of EN AW 6061/DC04-Joints

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第1期34卷 163-172页

作者： Marco Thoma Guntram Wagner Benjamin Straβ Bernd wolter Sigrid Benferc Wolfram Furbeth Chair of Composites and Material Compounds Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz 09125 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Nondestructive Testing IZFP Saarbrucken 66123 Germany DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut Frankfurt am Main 60486 Germany

In this work, the joining of aluminum to steel was conducted by ultrasound enhanced friction stir weld- ing （USE-FSW）. The power ultrasound was introduced into one of the metal sheets by an ultrasonic roll seam module synchronously to the FSW-process. The effect of the ultrasound on the resulting welds, their microstructure and their corrosion properties was investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy and corrosion investigations. The USE-FSW-joints showed less and smaller steel particles in the nugget zone as well as a thinner continuous intermetallic phase of FeAl3 at the interface. The nondestructive testing method of computed laminography proved the observations made by optic microscopy due to non-porous joints for both techniques. Corrosion investigations showed only low corrosion current densities and no enhanced galvanic corrosion for the EN AW-6061/DC04-hybrid joints in sodium chloride solution.

关键词： Friction stir welding Ultrasound enhancement Dissimilar joints Corrosion

Early assessment of the clinical severity of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant in South Africa: a data linkage study

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四川生理科学杂志 2021年第11期43卷 1953-1953页

作者： Nicole wolter [a]Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service Johannesburg South Africa [b]Division of Public Health Surveillance and Response National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service Johannesburg South Africa [c]Centre for Tuberculosis National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service Johannesburg South Africa [d]Centre for HIV and STIs National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service Johannesburg South Africa [e]Sequencing Core Facility National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service Johannesburg South Africa [f]School of Pathology Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa [g]School of Public Health Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa [h]SA MRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit School of Pathology Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa [i]School of Health Sciences College of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban South Africa [j]School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban South Africa [k]Department of Virology University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban South Africa [l]Lancet Laboratories Johannesburg South Africa [m]National Health Laboratory Service Johannesburg South Africa [n]Division of Medical Virology University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa [o]Western Cape Government Health and School of Public Health and Family Medicine University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa [p]Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases CH Baragwanath Academic Hospital Johannesburg South Africa

Background:The SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant of concern was identified in South Africa in November,2021,and was associated with an increase in COVID-19 *** aimed to assess the clinical severity of infections with the omi... 详细信息

关键词： severity clinical linkage

Room temperature synthesis of perylene diimides facilitated by high amic acid solubility

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Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2022年第4期9卷 1090-1108页

作者： Markus C.kwakernaak Marijn koel Peter J.L.van den Berg Erik M.kelder wolter F.Jager Department of Chemical Engineering Delft University of TechnologyVan der Maasweg 92629 HZ DelftThe Netherlands Department of Radiation Science and Technology/Reactor Institute Delft Delft University of Technology2629 JB DelftThe Netherlands

A novel protocol for the synthesis of perylene diimides(PDIs),by reacting perylene dianhydride(PDA)with aliphatic amines is *** conversions were obtained at temperatures between 20 and 60℃,using DBU as the base in DM... 详细信息

关键词： synthesis solubility anhydride

二语习得知识领域2009-2019年间的可视化研究

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Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics 2023年第3期46卷 386-403,486页

作者：王慧莉郭涵宁杨连瑞 Brent wolter 浙大城市学院大连理工大学中国海洋大学 (美国)爱达荷州立大学

本文以2009-2019年二语言习得(SLA)知识领域为研究对象,由于二语习得知识领域的快速发展和多元化研究,本文选择近10年的二语习得研究文献和采用一种新兴的数据分析工具CiteSpace对二语习得知识领域进行文献综述,利用Web of Science数据... 详细信息

本文以2009-2019年二语言习得(SLA)知识领域为研究对象,由于二语习得知识领域的快速发展和多元化研究,本文选择近10年的二语习得研究文献和采用一种新兴的数据分析工具CiteSpace对二语习得知识领域进行文献综述,利用Web of Science数据库主题检索了2009-2019年二语习得相关的4660条文献。研究发现二语习得的影响因素和统计模型是研究的重要方面,且研究主题集中在心理学、神经科学、语言学和语言教学等框架。此外,二语习得研究内容也日趋多样化,近年来认知科学的实证研究逐渐占据主导地位。同时本文对二语习得知识领域的可视化研究显示在未来一定时间内跨学科研究可能会吸引更多学者的眼球。

关键词：二语习得(SLA) CiteSpace 文献可视化新兴趋势

Cerebral Palsy and Stroke—Early and Late Brain Lesion Present Differences in Systemic Biomarkers and Gene Expression Related to Muscle Contractures

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2021年第1期11卷 34-47页

作者： Jessica Pingel Camille Potts Theis wolter Petersen Jens Bo Nielsen Department of Neuroscience University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark The Elsass Foundation Research Unit Charlottenlund Denmark

Background: CNS lesions that are acquired early in life e.g. cerebral palsy (CP) disturb muscle development and growth, while CNS injuries acquired later in life e.g. stroke, affect fully matured muscles and cause paresis and atrophy. These differences may result in different contracture phenotypes. Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare systemic biomarkers and gene expression levels in muscle of individuals with CNS lesions acquired early and later in life. Methods: Blood samples and muscle biopsies were analyzed using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Real-time PCR from n = 24 control participants, n = 14 individuals with cerebral palsy, and n = 12 stroke survivors. Results: Systemic markers: Myostatin was significantly decreased in both the cerebral palsy (p = 0.0051), and the stroke group (p = 0.036). Creatine kinase-MB and C-Reactive Protein were significantly elevated in stroke patients only (p 0.034 respectively). Gene expressions: The expression of myostatin (MSTN) was significantly lower in both the ST and the CP group when compared to Ctrl (p = 0.02). In addition, collagen type 4A1 (COL4A1) was significantly lower in the CP group compared to the other groups (p = 0.015). Finally, the troponin 1 slow skeletal muscle type was significantly increased in the ST group when compared to both CP and Ctrl (p = 0.03). Conclusion: The downregulation of myostatin in individuals with both early and late CNS injury is likely a compensatory reaction to muscle weakness, reduced muscle mass and/or muscle atrophy. Changes in gene expression may reflect a specific alteration depending on when in life the CNS lesions were acquired.

关键词： Cerebral Palsy Stroke Biomarkers Creatin kinase Myostatin C-Reactive Protein

Positive health:An integrated quantitative approach in patients with chronic gastrointestinal and hepato-pancreatico-biliary disorders

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第28期30卷 3418-3427页

作者： Anja H W M Lemlijn-Slenter karolina AP Wijnands Gijs van der Hamsvoort Luuk P van Iperen Nico wolter Angelique E de Rijk Ad AM Masclee Department of Social Medicine Faculty of HealthMedicine and Life sciencesCare and Public Health Research Institute Maastricht UniversityMaastricht 6200 MDLimburgNetherlands Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineSchool of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht 6200 MDLimburgNetherlands Social Medical Affairs Employee Insurance Agency(UWV)Heerlen 6400 ACLimburgNetherlands Department of Research Academic Knowledge Center Work and Health South-East Netherlands(AKAG-ZON)Heerlen 6400 ACLimburgNetherlands

BACkGROUND The concept of positive health(PH)supports an integrated approach for patients by taking into account six dimensions of *** approach is especially relevant for patients with chronic *** gastrointestinal and hepatopancreatico-biliary(GI-HPB)disorders are among the top-6 of the most prevalent chronically affected organ *** impact of chronic GI-HPB disorders on individuals may be disproportionally high because:(1)The affected organ system frequently contributes to a malnourished state;and(2)persons with chronic GIHPB disorders are often younger than persons with chronic diseases in other organ *** To describe and quantify the dimensions of PH in patients with chronic GI-HPB *** Prospective,observational questionnaire study performed between 2019 and 2021 in 235 patients with a chronic GIHPB disorder attending the Outpatient Department of the Maastricht University Medical *** questionnaires and data from patient files were used to quantify the six dimensions of *** consistency was tested with McDonald’s ***-order Pearson correlations and t-tests were used to assess associations and differences.A P valuek to weak,forcing us to quantify each domain *** All six dimensions of PH are impaired in the GI-HPB *** and depressive symptoms are more prevalent compared to patients with chronic disorders in other organ systems.

关键词： Positive health Chronic gut disorders Gastrointestinal disorders Hepato-pancreatico-biliary disorders Integrated care

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中国学习者英语二语心理词汇网络结构研究

外语教学与研究 2024年第2期56卷 239-250,320页

作者：陈士法周越彭玉乐刘洁 Brent wolter 中国海洋大学

本研究基于中国英语学习者和英语母语者的词汇联想测试数据,利用网络科学技术,从宏观、中观和微观三个层面探索中国学习者英语二语心理词汇网络结构。研究发现有二。1)二语心理词汇网络的平均最短路径和聚集系数与其对应的随机网络参数... 详细信息

本研究基于中国英语学习者和英语母语者的词汇联想测试数据,利用网络科学技术,从宏观、中观和微观三个层面探索中国学习者英语二语心理词汇网络结构。研究发现有二。1)二语心理词汇网络的平均最短路径和聚集系数与其对应的随机网络参数相比,均存在显著差异。2)二语心理词汇网络与母语心理词汇网络在宏观层面无显著差异,在中观层面存在显著差异,在微观层面存在质的差异:二语心理词汇网络以语义为主,语义-非语义混合联结,母语心理词汇网络以语义联结为主;此外,二语水平只在微观层面影响二语心理词汇网络的内部联结:高水平学习者的语义联结占比高。据此,本文构建了英语二语心理词汇的复杂网络:节点聚集程度较高,结构优化,信息通达速度较快;随着二语水平提高,语义联结不断加强,网络结构会更优化,信息交流更有效。

关键词：二语心理词汇网络复杂网络二语水平词汇联想网络科学

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铁道车辆的防碰撞要求、设计原理和初步结果

国外铁道车辆 2004年第2期41卷 23-30页

作者： Wilfried wolter 阎锋德

通过对欧洲铁路碰撞事故的分析,指出有必要在铁道车辆上进一步改善防碰撞措施,并通过合作项目SAFETRAIN目前得出的结果,阐述了防碰撞车辆结构和部件的发展现状。

关键词：铁道车辆防碰撞德国