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Vanillin Based Polymers:***(hydrovanilloin-furfural)and Poly(hydrovanilloin-5-hydroxymethylfurfural)

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第9期12卷 1495-1506页

作者： Ananda s.Amarasekara gabriel Murillo Morales Raghava R.kommalapati Department of Chemistry Prairie View A&M University700 University DrivePrairie ViewTX 77446USA Center for Energy&Environmental sustainability Prairie View A&M University700 University DrivePrairie ViewTX 77446USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Prairie View A&M University700 University DrivePrairie ViewTX 77446USA

Renewable resources based polymers provides a sustainable alternative to petroleum derived polymeric *** a part of our series on synthesis of vanillin based renewable polymers,we report the synthesis of poly(hydrovanilloin-furfural)[poly(HVL-Fur)]and poly(hydrovanilloin–5-hydromethylfurfural)[poly(HVL-5-HMF)].Vanillin was dimerized to a mixtures of meso/DL-hydrovanilloins with 94%meso product by electrochemical reductive coupling in aqueous sodium hydroxide using lead electrodes in quantitative *** sodium hydroxide catalyzed condensation of hydrovanilloin with furfural in water at 80℃for 72 h was used to synthesize poly(HVL-Fur)with Mw=8600 g mol^(−1),PDI=1.28 in 78%***,condensation of hydrovanilloin with 5-hydroxymethylfurfural at 80℃for 48 h produced poly(HVL-5-HMF)with Mw=12,100 g mol−1,PDI=1.27 in 68%***(HVL-Fur)and poly(HVL-5-HMF)showed similar Tg values of 59℃and 60℃,respectively;whereas melting behaviors are dissimilar with Tm 171℃–173℃and 148℃–182℃,respectively.

关键词： Vanillin hydrovanilloin furfural 5-hydroxymethylfurfural renewable polymers

Magnetopause properties at the dusk magnetospheric flank from global magnetohydrodynamic simulations,the kinetic Vlasov equilibrium,and in situ observations--Potential implications for sMILE

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 222-233页

作者： Marius Echim Costel Munteanu gabriel Voitcu Eliza Teodorescu Institute of space science Măgurele 077125Romania Royal Belgian Institute for space Aeronomy 1180 BrusselsBelgium solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence(sTCE) 1180 BrusselsBelgium

We derived the properties of the terrestrial magnetopause(MP)from two modeling approaches,one global–fluid,the other local–kinetic,and compared the results with data collected in situ by the Magnetospheric Multiscale 2(MMs2)*** used global magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)simulations of the Earth’s magnetosphere(publicly available from the NAsA-CCMC[National Aeronautics and space Administration–Community Coordinated Modeling Center])and local Vlasov equilibrium models(based on kinetic models for tangential discontinuities)to extract spatial profiles of the plasma and field variables at the Earth’s *** global MHD simulations used initial solar wind conditions extracted from the OMNI database at the time epoch when the MMs2 observes the *** kinetic Vlasov model used asymptotic boundary conditions derived from the same in situ MMs measurements upstream or downstream of the *** global MHD simulations provide a three-dimensional image of the magnetosphere at the time when the MMs2 crosses the *** Vlasov model provides a one-dimensional local view of the MP derived from first principles of kinetic *** MMs2 experimental data also serve as a reference for comparing and validating the numerical simulations and *** found that the MP transition layer formed in global MHD simulations was generally localized closer to the Earth(roughly by one Earth radius)from the position of the real MP observed by the *** also found that the global MHD simulations overestimated the thickness of the MP transition by one order of magnitude for three analyzed variables:magnetic field,density,and tangential *** MP thickness derived from the local Vlasov equilibrium was consistent with observations for all three of these *** overestimation of density in the Vlasov equilibrium was reduced compared with the global MHD *** discuss our results in the context of future sMILE(solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer)campaigns for observing

关键词： magnetopause magnetohydrodynamic numerical simulations Vlasov equilibrium Magnetospheric Multiscale observations

Renewable Polymers in Biomedical Applications:From the Bench to the Market

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第4期12卷 643-666页

作者： Rauany Cristina Lopes Tamires Nossa Wilton Rogério Lustri gabriel Lombardo Maria Inés Errea Eliane Trovatti Department of Health and Biological sciences University of Araraquara—UNIARAAraraquara14801-340Brazil Laboratory of Materials(LabMat)and Laboratory of Biopolymers(LaBioPol) Federal Institute of EducationScience and Technology of São Paulo Campus Itapetininga(IFSP)Itapetininga18.202‑000Brazil Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires Cidade Autônoma de Buenos AiresC1437FBCArgentina Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas Científicas e Técnicas(CONICET) Cidade Autônoma de Buenos AiresC1425FQBArgentina Tecnologia YPF(Y-TEC) BerissoBuenos Aires1923Argentina

Polymers from renewable resources have been used for a long time in biomedical applications and found an irreplaceable role in some of *** uses have been increasing because of their attractive properties,contributing to the improvement of life quality,mainly in drug release systems and in regenerative *** using natural polymer,nano and microscale particles preparation,composites,blends and chemical modification strategies have been used to improve their properties for clinical *** many studies have been carried out with these natural polymers,the way to reach the market is long and only very few of them become commercially *** cellulose,bacterial cellulose,chitosan,poly(lactic acid)and starch can be found among the most studied polymers for biological applications,some with several derivatives already established in the market,and others with potential for *** this scenario this work aims to describe the properties and potential of these renewable polymers for biomedical applications,the routes from the bench to the market,and the perspectives for future developments.

关键词： Polymers renewable biomedical applications market

An effective strategy to inhibit grain coarsening:Construction of multi-element co-segregated grain boundary complexion

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第7期13卷 1060-1071页

作者： Le Fu gabriel Arcuri Wenjun Yu Bohan Wang Zihua Lei Ying Deng kathryn Grandfield school of Material science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Canadian Centre for Electron Microscopy McMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8Canada state key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Materials science and Engineering McMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8Canada

When exposed to moderate to high temperatures,nanomaterials typically suffer from severe grain coarsening,which has long been a major concern that prevents their wider ***,we proposed an effective strategy to inhibit grain coarsening by constructing grain boundary(GB)complexions with multiple codoped dopants,which hindered coarsening from both energetic and kinetic *** demonstrate the feasibility of this strategy,multiple selected dopants were doped into a ZrO_(2)-siO_(2)nanocrystalline glass ceramic(NCGC)to form GB *** results showed that NCGC was predominantly composed of ZrO_(2)nanocrystallites(NCs)distributed in an amorphous siO_(2)*** layers of GB complexions(~2.5 nm)were formed between adjacent ZrO_(2)NCs,and they were crystalline superstructures with co-segregated *** addition,a small amount of quartz solid solution was formed,and it adhered to the periphery of ZrO_(2)NCs and bridged the adjacent NCs,acting as a“bridging phase”.The GB complexions and the“bridging phase”synergistically enhanced the coarsening resistance of ZrO_(2)NCs up to 1000°*** findings are important for understanding GB complexions and are expected to provide new insights into the design of nanomaterials with excellent thermodynamic stability.

关键词： Zr_(2)-si_(2) multi-element co-segregation grain boundary(GB)complexion grain coarsening atom probe tomography(APT)

Translating Pathological Brain Activity Primers in Parkinson’s Disease Research

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 735-752页

作者： Daniela Mirzac svenja L.kreis Heiko J.Luhmann gabriel Gonzalez-Escamilla sergiu Groppa Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation Department of NeurologyFocus Program Translational NeuroscienceRhine Main Neuroscience NetworkUniversity Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz55131 MainzGermany Institute of Physiology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz55131 MainzGermany

Translational experimental approaches that help us better trace Parkinson’s disease(PD)pathophysiological mechanisms leading to new therapeutic targets are urgently *** this article,we review recent experimental and clinical studies addressing abnormal neuronal activity and pathological network oscillations,as well as their underlying mechanisms and *** aim is to enhance our knowledge about the progression of Parkinson's disease pathology and the timing of its symptom’s ***,we present mechanistic insights relevant for the generation of aberrant oscillatory activity within the cortico-basal ganglia *** summarize recent achievements extrapolated from available PD animal models,discuss their advantages and limitations,debate on their differential applicability,and suggest approaches for transferring knowledge on disease pathology into future research and clinical applications.

关键词： clinical knowledge insight

Integration of multiple flexible electrodes for realtime detection of barrier formation with spatial resolution in a gut-on-chip system

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 105-114页

作者： Mara Lucchetti gabriel Werr sofia Johansson Laurent Barbe Léa Grandmougin Paul Wilmes Maria Tenje Luxembourg Centre for systems Biomedicine(LCsB) University of LuxembourgEsch-sur-Alzette L-4362Luxembourg Division of Biomedical Engineering Department of Materials Science and EngineeringScience for Life LaboratoryUppsala University75121 UppsalaSweden Department of Life sciences and Medicine Faculty of ScienceTechnology and MedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch-sur-Alzette L-4362Luxembourg

In healthy individuals,the intestinal epithelium forms a tight barrier to prevent gut bacteria from reaching blood *** study the effect of probiotics,dietary compounds and drugs on gut barrier formation and disruption,human gut epithelial and bacterial cells can be cocultured in an in vitro model called the human microbial crosstalk(HuMiX)gut-on-a-chip ***,we present the design,fabrication and integration of thin-film electrodes into the HuMiX platform to measure transepithelial electrical resistance(TEER)as a direct readout on barrier tightness in *** various aspects of the HuMiX platform have already been set in their design,such as multiple compressible layers,uneven surfaces and nontransparent materials,a novel fabrication method was developed whereby thin-film metal electrodes were first deposited on flexible substrates and sequentially integrated with the HuMiX system via a transfer-tape ***,to measure localized TEER along the cell culture chamber,we integrated multiple electrodes that were connected to an impedance analyzer via a *** further developed a dynamic normalization method because the active measurement area depends on the measured TEER *** fabrication process and system setup can be applicable to other barrier-on-chip *** a proof-of-concept,we measured the barrier formation of a cancerous Caco-2 cell line in real-time,which was mapped at four spatially separated positions along the HuMiX culture area.

关键词： barrier system multiple

The effect of slime accumulated in a long-term operating UAsB using crude glycerol to treat s-rich wastewater

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第1期135卷 353-366页

作者： Xudong Zhou Eva Fernández-Palacios Antoni DDorado Javier Lafuente Xavier Gamisans David gabriel key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China GENOCOV Research Group Department of ChemicalBiological and Environmental EngineeringEscola d’EnginyeriaUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona08193 BellaterraSpain Department of Mining Industrial and ICT EngineeringUniversitat Politècnica de CatalunyaAvinguda de les Bases de Manresa 61-7308242 ManresaSpain

An up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket(UAsB)reactor targeting sulfate reduction was operated under a constant TOC/s-sO2-4ratio of 1.5±0.3 g C/g s for 639 days using crude glycerol as carbon source.A filamentous and fluffy flocculant material,namely slime-like substances(sLs),was gradually accumulated in the bioreactor after the cease of methanogenic *** accumulation of sLs was followed by a decrease in the removal efficiencies and a deterioration in the *** characteristics of sLs were investigated to explore the causes of its formation and the effect of sLs on the UAsB *** showed that glycerol fermentation and sulfate reduction processes taking place in the reactor were mainly accomplished in the bottom part of the UAsB reactor,as the sludge concentration in the bottom was *** accumulation of sLs in the UAsB reactor caused sludge flotation that further led to biomass washout,which decreased the sulfate and glycerol removal *** activity tests performed with granular sludge(Gs),slime-covered granular sludge(sCGs)and sLs showed that there was no difference between Gs and sLs in the mechanism of glycerol fermentation and sulfate ***,the specific sulfate reduction rate of Gs was higher than that of sLs,while sLs showed a higher glycerol fermentation rate than that of *** different rates in Gs and sLs were attributed to the higher relative abundances of fermentative microorganisms found in sLs and higher relative abundances of sulfate reducing bacteria(sRB)found in Gs.

关键词： sludge flotation Granular sludge slime-like substances Glycerol fermentation sulfate reduction Removal efficiency

Exploring the genetic control of sweat gland characteristics in beef cattle for enhanced heat tolerance

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 1820-1831页

作者： Aakilah s.Hernandez gabriel A.Zayas Eduardo E.Rodriguez kaitlyn M.sarlo Davila Fahad Rafiq Andrea N.Nunez Cristiane Goncalves Titto Raluca G.Mateescu Department of Animal science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA Department of Animal sciences University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA. Ruminant Diseases and Immunology Research Unit National Animal Disease CentersUnited States Department of Agriculture1920 Dayton AvenueAmesIA 50010USA. Department of Animal science Iowa StateAmesIAUSA school of Animal sciences and Food Engineering University of Sao PauloAv Duque de Caxias Norte 225PirassunungaSao Paulo 13635‑900Brazil

Background Thermal stress in subtropical regions is a major limiting factor in beef cattle production systems with around$369 million being lost annually due to reduced *** stress causes numerous physiological and behavioral disturbances including reduced feed intake and decreased production *** utilize various physiological mechanisms such as sweating to regulate internal *** in these traits can help identify genetic variants that control sweat gland properties and subsequently allow for genetic selection of cattle with greater *** This study used 2,401 Brangus cattle from two commercial ranches in *** phenotypes that contribute to an animal's ability to manage heat stress were calculated from skin biopsies and included sweat gland area,sweat gland depth,and sweat gland *** animals were genotyped with the Bovine GGP F250k,and BLUPF90 software was used to estimate genetic parameters and for Genome Wide Association *** sweat gland phenotypes heritability ranged from 0.17 to 0.42 indicating a moderate amount of the phenotypic variation is due to genetics,allowing producers the ability to select for favorable sweat gland properties.A weighted single-step GWAs using sliding 10 kb windows identified multiple quantitative trait loci(QTLs)explaining a significant amount of genetic *** located on BTA7 and BTA12 explained over 1.0%of genetic variance and overlap the ADGRV1 and CCDC168 genes,*** variants identified in this study are implicated in processes related to immune function and cellular proliferation which could be relevant to heat *** of Origin Alleles(BOA)were predicted using local ancestry in admixed populations(LAMP-LD),allowing for identification of markers'origin from either Brahman or Angus ancestry.A BOA GWAs was performed to identify regions inherited from particular ancestral breeds that might have a significant impact on sweat gland pheno

关键词： GWAs Heritability skin Thermotolerance

Inferring community transmission of sARs-CoV-2 in the United kingdom using the ONs COVID-19 Infection survey

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第2期9卷 299-313页

作者： Ruth McCabe gabriel Danelian Jasmina Panovska-Griffiths Christl A.Donnelly Department of statistics University of OxfordUK National Institute for Health and Care Research Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections UK United kingdom Health security Agency UK The Queen's College University of OxfordUK The Pandemic sciences Institute University of OxfordUK MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis Imperial College LondonUK

key epidemiological parameters,including the effective reproduction number,,and the instantaneous growth rate,,generated from an ensemble of models,have been informing public health policy throughout the COVID-19 pandemic in the four nations of the United kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland(Uk).However,estimation of these quantities became challenging with the scaling down of surveillance systems as part of the transition from the“emergency”to“endemic”phase of the *** Office for National statistics(ONs)COVID-19 Infection survey(CIs)provided an opportunity to continue estimating these parameters in the absence of other data *** used a penalised spline model fitted to the publicly-available ONs CIs test positivity estimates to produce a smoothed estimate of the prevalence of sARs-CoV-2 positivity over *** resulting fitted curve was used to estimate the“ONs-based”and across the four nations of the *** produced under this model are compared to government-published estimates with particular consideration given to the contribution that this single data stream can offer in the estimation of these *** on the nation and parameter,we found that up to 77%of the variance in the government-published estimates can be explained by the ONs-based estimates,demonstrating the value of this singular data stream to track the epidemic in each of the four *** additionally find that the ONs-based estimates uncover epidemic trends earlier than the corresponding government-published *** work shows that the ONs CIs can be used to generate key COVID-19 epidemiological parameters across the four Uk nations,further underlining the enormous value of such population-level studies of *** is not intended as an alternative to ensemble modelling,rather it is intended as a potential solution to the aforementioned challenge faced by public health officials in the Uk in early 2022.

关键词： Effective reproduction number Instantaneous growth rate sARs-CoV-2 COVID-19 ONs COVID-19 Infection survey surveillance