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SPECTROSCOPIC ELLIPSOMETRY STUDIES ON CD0.2ZN0.8TE THIN FILMS

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SPECTROSCOPIC ELLIPSOMETRY STUDIES ON CD0.2ZN0.8TE THIN FILM...

Vitreous microparticles contain apoptotic signals suggesting a diabetic vitreopathy

第8届国际材联电子材料国际研讨会

作者： k.prabakar Sa.k.Narayandass D.Mangalaraj Department of Physics Bharathiar University Coimbatore- 641 046Tamil Nadu India

Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (SE) is a non-invasive optical technique sensitive to fractions of atomic layer thickness, capable of determining surface changes, optical constants of bulk or layered materials and surface or interface roughness. The dielectric behavior of polycrystalline material is known to be strongly connected with its energy-band structure. The studies were carried out on CdZnTe thin films of typical thickness

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第1期15卷 89-97页

作者： Harris Sultan Rithwick Rajagopal prabakar kumar Rao kisha Deslee Piggott Michael A Paley Lynn Marisa Hassman Albert S.Li Brigid Marshall Rajendra Shridhar Apte John Hardesty Department of Ophthalmology Washington UniversitySt.LouisMO 63110USA Department of Medicine Division of RheumatologyWashington UniversitySt.LouisMO 63110USA Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21201USA

AIM:To evaluate differences in microparticle profiles in vitreous samples between diabetic and non-diabetic eyes undergoing vitrectomy.METHODS:Un-masked cross-sectional series of 34 eyes undergoing vitrectomy.Vitreous specimens were collected and processed to evaluate for membrane integrity(DAPI),apoptosis(Annexin-V),and endothelial-cell origin(V-Cadherin).A BD LSR II flow cytometer was used for analysis and standardized sub-micron-sized beads were used for size comparison.RESULTS:Thirty-four specimens underwent analysis.Greater levels of Annexin-V were found on microparticles from specimens in which blood had entered the vitreous(n=12)compared to those without blood(n=22;52.3%±30.7%vs 19.6%±27.2%,P=0.002).Patients with diabetes having surgery with hemorrhage(n=7)had greater expression of Annexin-V than those without hemorrhage(n=8;62.1%±31.7%vs 18.9%±20.9%,P=0.009).However,in patients with non-diabetic vitreous hemorrhage,the level of Annexin-V expression was not significantly different compared to other disease processes(38.6%±25.7%,n=5 vs 20.0%±30.9%,n=14,P=0.087).CONCLUSION:Increased expression of the apoptotic marker,Annexin-V is detected on vitreous microparticles in diabetes-related vitreous hemorrhage.When evaluating vitreous hemorrhage in patients without diabetes,the apoptotic signal is not significantly different.Vitrectomy in patients with diabetes,and improvement in visual outcomes,may be related to the removal of a serumderived,pro-apoptotic vitreous.Further investigation is warranted in order to identify the molecular characteristics of microparticles that regulate disease.

关键词： cell-derived microparticles vitrectomy vitreous diabetes mellitus apoptosis

An investigation of volumetric and corpus callosum dimension to detect brain disorders

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2012年第7期5卷 369-377页

作者： S. prabakar k. Porkumaran Department of Biomedical Engineering Karunya University Coimbatore India Dr.N.G.P. Institute of Technology Coimbatore India

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Mental retardation, Cerebral Palsy, and other Dementias are the neurogenerative brain disorders which are statistically proven that 2% - 3% of people affected in the world today. The proposed method considered the symptoms which stands distinct for Alzheimer’s disease. Many structural neuroimaging studies have found the atrophy of the Corpus Callosum (CC) and the decrease in brain volume in AD. The measurement, area has been extracted from the gradient mask of the image to characterize the local atrophy of the CC. The result showed decreased area of the CC in AD when compared to the control groups. The volume has also been calculated by volume rendering and voxel size measurement for the same set of control groups and was found to be reduced in the AD patients. These findings confirmed the pathology characteristics in AD of brain disorders. The system’s validity with respect to results obtained with conventional diagnosis has been examined and proved to offer better results.

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease Cerebral Palsy Corpus Callosum Dementia Gradient Mask Voxel

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全绝缘自支撑电缆系统设计(英文)

高电压技术 2011年第11期37卷 2715-2720页

作者： George G.karady kumaraguru prabakar School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Arizona State UniversityTempeArizona

All-dielectric self-supporting(ADSS) cables are installed along with transmission line for the purpose of communication.During installation the outer layer of the cable is hydrophobic and is not prone to dry band arcing. These cables become less hydrophobic over time and become vulnerable to dry band arcing.This loss in hydrophobicity is because of the contamination formed on the outer layer due to pollution.This is one of the reasons which cause cable failure.Considerable amount of losses will be incurred on the occurrence of a cable failure as the cables are also leased to other companies.An improved equivalent circuit is used to calculate the voltage and current distribution of the double circuit line.A three-phase single circuit line and a three-phase double circuit line are used to calculate their corresponding voltage distribution and current distribution.The results could be used to predict dry band arcing on similar models.The method used considers sag,span and pollution on ADSS cable.

关键词： dry band arcing all-dielectric self-supporting cable fiber optic cable voltage distribution current distribution all-dielectric self-supporting circuit simulation

Collagen structure changes during chrome tanning in propylene carbonate

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Journal of Leather Science and Engineering 2019年第1期1卷 94-100页

作者： Yi Zhang Jenna kate Buchanan Geoff Holmes Bradley William Mansel Sujay prabakar Leather and Shoe Research Association of New Zealand P.O.Box 8094Palmerston North 4472New Zealand Chemical Engineering Building National Tsing Hua UniversityNo.101Section 2Guangfu RoadEast DistrictHsinchu City 300TaiwanRepublic of China

Green solvents,such as propylene carbonate(PC),can be used in leather processing to improve the efficiency of chrome tanning and reduce wastewater.Here we report a combined small-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS)and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)study on PC and its efficacy as a carrier medium during chrome tanning.SAXS analysis on the collagen structure of chrome tanned leather using PC,compared to conventionally tanned leather using water,showed an increase in Cr uptake in addition to the more uniform penetration of Cr through the leather cross-section.The increased binding of Cr to the collagen matrix drives the decreased hydration environment of the collagen triple helix.Furthermore,DSC studies show a uniform hydrothermal stability for the PC samples due to the more even distribution of Cr through the collagen matrix.Understanding the mechanisms by which chrome tanning occurs in non-aqueous solvents can guide us towards a more sustainable future for the leather industry.

关键词： Propylene carbonate Collagen structure SAXS DSC Chrome tanning

Quantitative and structural analysis of isotopically labelled natural crosslinks in type I skin collagen using LC-HRMS and SANS

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Journal of Leather Science and Engineering 2019年第1期1卷 114-122页

作者： Yi Zhang Rafea Naffa Christopher J.Garvey Catherine A.Maidment Sujay prabakar Leather and Shoe Research Association of New Zealand P.O.Box 8094Palmerston North 4472New Zealand Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering ANSTOLucas HeightsNSW 2234Australia

Collagen structure in biological tissues imparts its intrinsic physical properties by the formation of several covalent crosslinks.For the first time,two major crosslinks in the skin dihydroxylysinonorleucine(HLNL)and histidinohydroxymerodesmosine(HHMD),were isotopically labelled and then analysed by liquid-chromatography high-resolution accurate-mass mass spectrometry(LC-HRMS)and small-angle neutron scattering(SANS).The isotopic labelling followed by LC-HRMS confirmed the presence of one imino group in both HLNL and HHMD,making them more susceptible to degrade at low pH.The structural changes in collagen due to extreme changes in the pH and chrome tanning were highlighted by the SANS contrast variation between isotopic labelled and unlabelled crosslinks.This provided a better understanding of the interaction of natural crosslinks with the chromium sulphate in collagen suggesting that the development of a benign crosslinking method can help retain the intrinsic physical properties of the leather.This analytical method can also be applied to study artificial crosslinking in other collagenous tissues for biomedical applications.

关键词： Crosslinks Isotopic labelling LC-HRMS Quantitative analysis SANS Collagen structure

FPGA Implementation of Non-Linear Cryptography

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Circuits and Systems 2016年第8期7卷 1250-1258页

作者： Thammampatti Natarajan prabakar Balasubramanian Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan Seetharaman Oxford Engineering College Trichy India Researcher Trichy India

The paper focuses on the design and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation of embedded system for time based dual encryption scheme with Delay Compulsion Function (DCF) and also illustrates the application of DCF in time based cryptography. Further, the strength of the time based FPGA encryption algorithm with and without using DCF is analyzed using a Nios II processor. This proposed scheme enhances the security of vital data against Brute force attack by incorporating a temporal key distribution where two different keys encrypt the data simultaneously, one being the regular key and the other being the time. The time is included using a dynamically varying number of shifts thereby allowing the system to wait for the duration and this forms the second dimension of the key. Presently, available encryption systems suffer from Brute Force attack in which all the key combinations are tried in order to find the correct key. In such a case, the time taken for breaking the key depends on the speed of the system used for cryptanalysis. The proposed system adds complexity by using dynamically varying sequence of operations, by including the time as a second dimension of the key besides minimizing the possibility of Brute Force attack and increasing the time required for cryptanalysis irrespective of the system capability. As the proposed system needs concurrent execution and real time processing, the system is implemented using Altera Stratix II FPGA and the results are presented.

关键词： FPGA Encryption Delay Compulsion Function Cryptanalysis Brute Force Attack

X射线散射方法对废液封闭循环利用工艺中皮革胶原结构的研究

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中国皮革 2021年第1期50卷 42-49页

作者：张翼 Bradley W Mansel Jenna k Buchanan 苏家胜张壮斗 Geoff Holmes Sujay prabakar 新西兰皮革和鞋类研究协会新西兰北帕默斯顿国立清华大学化工系中国台湾新竹宝斯卡(商丘)化工有限公司河南商丘

在皮革加工过程中控制有害物质的过量使用,减少环境污染和健康隐患对废物管理是至关重要的。为了回收皮革加工中的废液循环再利用,减少废水和废料的排放,开发了一种封闭循环利用工艺。这种加工方法伴随的胶原的结构变化尚待研究,而这有... 详细信息

在皮革加工过程中控制有害物质的过量使用,减少环境污染和健康隐患对废物管理是至关重要的。为了回收皮革加工中的废液循环再利用,减少废水和废料的排放,开发了一种封闭循环利用工艺。这种加工方法伴随的胶原的结构变化尚待研究,而这有利于理解封闭循环利用及其生产出的皮革性能。在这项研究中,用同步辐射小角X射线散射方法,分析了在封闭循环利用方法的不同阶段中胶原蛋白的结构变化。研究表明,回收废液中的有机成分和铬增加了对胶原纤维基质的填充效果。同时,由铬废液处理过的皮革对X射线的散射强度增强,这归因于废液处理皮革中更高的对铬的吸收率。此外,从角蛋白和脂类对X射线的散射强度变化佐证了废液用于脱毛过程的有效性。此项关于胶原结构的研究结果将支持制革封闭循环利用工艺是更加环境友好并有助于经济可持续发展的加工方法。

关键词：废液封闭循环利用浸灰铬鞣胶原结构