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FACTORS AFFECTING VENTILATION,INDOOR-AIR QUALITY AND ACOUSTICAL QUALITY IN‘GREEN’AND NON-‘GREEN’BUILDINGS:A PILOT STUDY

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Journal of Green Building 2011年第3期6卷 168-180页

作者： Alireza khaleghi karen Bartlett murray Hodgson Department of Mechanical Engineering University of British Columbia6250 Applied Sciences LaneVancouverBCCanada V6T1Z3 School of Population and Public Health University of British Columbia School of Population and Public Health(and Department of Mechanical Engineering) University of British Columbia

This paper discusses a pilot project involving the direct monitoring of ventilation,indoor-air quality and the acoustical conditions in selected nominally‘green’and non-‘green’buildings located on a university *** objectives were to measure parameters quantifying these three aspects of indoor environmental quality,determine the relationships between them and the building-design concepts,and evaluate the implications of the results for ventilation-system design,especially in‘green’*** were made in rooms,with and without acoustical treatment,in buildings with natural ventilation or mechanical(displacement and/or mixed-flow)ventilation *** were made of ventilation rates(air changes per hour),indoor air quality(respirable-fibre,total-VOC and ultrafine-particulate concentrations),and the acoustical conditions(noise levels and reverberation times).Correlations between the environmental results,the building concept,the ventilation concept and the building window status were *** rooms with natural ventilation,low-frequency noise and total sound-pressure levels were lower;however,the rooms had higher ultrafine-particulate counts and lower ventilation *** with mechanical ventilation had higher low-frequency and total sound-pressure levels,higher ventilation rates and fibre concentrations,but lower concentrations of ultrafine *** was concluded that,in general,mechanical ventilation can provide better indoor air-quality,but that HVAC noise is an issue if the system is not properly ***‘green’buildings,noise levels were acceptable when the windows were closed,but increasing the ventilation rate by opening the windows resulted in higher noise *** results suggest that the acceptability of environmental factors in buildings depends on the degree of compliance of the design and its implementation with standards and design guidelines(*** ventilation,air quality,thermal comfort,etc.),whether the o

关键词： green building conventional building ventilation quality indoor-air quality acoustical conditions mechanical ventilation natural ventilation

Time Dependent Network Coverage:A Method to Estimate the Minimum Required Reporting Vehicle Fleet Size

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International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology 2013年第3期2卷 205-225页

作者： Sahar Ghanipoor Machiani Pamela murray-Tuite Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia Tech7054 Haycock RdFalls ChurchVA 22043

Probe vehicles with smart phones or other advanced technologies are attractive options for collecting real-time traffic *** this paper,a method is proposed to estimate the minimum number of equipped vehicles needed to completely cover the network within a specified updating period considering time dependent link travel *** method uses a traverse indicator,which is a function of a travel time factor,coverage factor,number of times a link has been traversed,and link travel *** approach is applied to two network structures(radial and grid)to test the sensitivity of the results to network structure,number of origins,travel time and coverage factors,and the updating *** travel time and coverage factors equal to 0.1 and 0.9,respectively,in the grid network and both equal to 0.5 in the radial network produce minimum fleet *** numbers of origins and updating periods generally yield lower fleet sizes.

关键词： travel network sizes

Demographic features and visual outcomes of patients presenting to diabetic photo-screening and treated for sight threatening retinopathy in Fiji

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第5期10卷 790-795页

作者： Riyaz Bhikoo Neil murray Biu Sikivou Stephanie Emma Charles McGhee The Fred Hollows Foundation New Zealand Auckland 1023New Zealand Department of Ophthalmology New Zealand National Eye Centre University of Auckland Auckland 1023 New Zealand Pacific Eye Institute Suva Fiji

AIM：To describe the demographic features and visual outcomes of patients presenting to photo-screening services, and treated for sight threatening retinopathy（STR） in a low resource setting, ***：A retrospective review of all new patients who presented for diabetic photo-screening at the Diabetic Eye Clinic, Suva in 2010. Fundus images were graded using standardised guidelines. Patient demographics, retinopathy grading and visual acuity data were extracted from the database and analyzed. Patients that received laser therapy and still attending follow up in 2012 were examined for disease progressionRESULTS：Totally 2236 patients were photo-screened, 87%（3870/4472） of images were gradable. STR was observed in 26%（988/3870） with advanced STR（proliferative retinopathy/severe maculopathy） in 10%（385/3870）. Of those with STR, 59% had BCVA ≥6/18, 31% with advanced STR were 〈6/60. Male gender [odds ratio（OR） 1.59; 1.20-2.12], history of hypertension（OR 1.36; 1.03-1.80） and peripheral neuropathy（OR 1.41; 1.01-1.95） were predictive of advanced STR. In 2012, 32%（315/988） attended follow up with 69% exhibiting advanced STR compared with 53% of the same cohort in 2010. Laser photocoagulation was administered to 212 eyes（212/3870, 5%） with retinopathy and maculopathy progression observed in 52% and 33% respectively. BCVA ≥6/18 was noted in 67%（143/212） of treated eyes. Improved glycaemic control（OR 46.52; 1.50-1441.90） amongst those with advanced STR was predictive of eyes that maintained good ***：In Fiji, a quarter of new patients presenting to photo-screening have STR with a third of those with advanced STR having already loss vision. Improved glycaemic control and timely treatment of patients with sight threatening complications is important in halting disease progression.

关键词： diabetic retinopathy sight threatening photocoagulation pacific islands developing countries

Global Community of Disaster Risk Reduction Scientists and Decision Makers Endorse a Science and Technology Partnership to Support the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2016年第1期7卷 108-109页

作者： Chloe Dickinson Amina Aitsi-Selmi Pedro Basabe Chadia Wannous Virginia murray Public Health England United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction the UNISDR Science and Technology Conference on the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 the UNISDR Scientific and Technical Advisory Group(STAG)

At the first gathering of its kind on the role of science in implementing the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030,over 750 scientists,policymakers,business people,and practitioners met in Geneva from January 27–29,*** UNISDR Science and Technology Conference on the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 fea-

关键词： work Global Community of Disaster Risk Reduction Scientists and Decision Makers Endorse a Science and Technology Partnership to Support the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015

Perception of artificial conspecifics by bearded dragons(Pogona vitticeps)

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第2期14卷 214-222页

作者： Anna FROHNWIESER Thomas W.PIkE John C.murray Anna WILkINSON School of Life Sciences University of LincolnLincolnUK School of Computer Science University of LincolnLincolnUK Wildlife Research Center Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan

Artificial animals are increasingly used as conspecific stimuli in animal behavior ***,researchers often have an incomplete understanding of how the species under study perceives conspecifics,and,hence,which features are needed for a stimulus to be perceived *** investigate the features that bearded dragons(Pogona vitticeps)attend to,we measured their lateralized eye use when assessing a successive range of *** ranged through several stages of realism in artificial conspecifics,to see how features such as color,the presence of eyes,body shape and motion influence *** found differences in lateralized eye use depending on the sex of the observing bearded dragon and the artificial conspecific,as well as the artificial conspecific’s ***,this approach can inform the design of robotic animals that elicit biologically-meaningful responses in live animals.

关键词： bearded dragons conspecifics lateralized eye use perception

Layer by layer surface engineering of poly (lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles:A versatile tool for nanoparticle engineering for targeted drug delivery

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Science China Chemistry 2013年第8期56卷 1029-1039页

作者： ROMERO Gabriela murray Richard A. QIU Yuan SANZ David MOYA Sergio E. Biosurfaces Department CIC biomaGUNE Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University

Recent work regarding the Layer by Layer （LbL） engineering of poly（lactide-co-glycolide） nanoparticles （PLGA NPs） is reviewed here. The LbL engineering of PLGA NPs is applied as a means of generating advanced drug delivery devices with tailored recognition, protection, cargo and release properties. LbL in combination with covalent chemistry is used to attach PEG and folic acid to control cell uptake and direct it towards cancer cells. LbL coatings composed of chitosan and alginate show low protein interactions and can be used as an alternative to Pegylation. The assembly on top of LbL coatings of lipid layers composed of variable percentages of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-choline （DOPC） and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho- L-serine （DOPS） increases NP uptake and directs the NPs towards the endoplasmic reticulum. The antibody anti-TNF-ct is encapsulated forming a complex with alginate that is assembled LbL on top of PLGA NPs. The antibody is released in cell culture following first order kinetics. The release kinetics of encapsulated molecules inside PLGA NPs are studied when the PLGA NPs are coated via LbL with different polyelectrolytes. The intracellular release of encapsulated Doxorubicin is studied in the HepG2 cell line by means of Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging.

关键词： layer by layer PLGA NPs cell uptake antibody delivery lipid layers intracellular release

A survey of the influencing factors and models for resident＇s household waste management behavior

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Ecological Economy 2007年第3期3卷 336-344页

作者： Qu Ying Zhu Qinghua murray Haight School of Management Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116023.P.R.China School of Planning Faculty of Environmental Studies.University of Waterloo.Waterloo.Canada

The problem of household solid waste has been concerned and researched on by municipalities and *** present, household solid waste has been changed to management problem from technical one. From the point view ofmanagement, the research on household solid waste is to study the factors which influence resident’s behavior ofmanaging their waste. Based on the literature review, firstly, this paper summarizes those factors which have alreadybeen identified to have impact on resident’s behavior of managing their waste. They are social-demographic variables,knowledge, environmental values, psychological factors, publicity and system design. Secondly, three typical models ofthe relationship between factors and behavior, which are factors determining task performance in waste management,conceptualization of waste management behavior and the theoretical model of repeated behavior on household wastemanagement, are analyzed and the deficiencies of these models are also analyzed. Finally, according to the currentsituation in household waste management and the culture and resident’s habits in China, this paper puts forward aresearch focus and suggestions about resident’s behavior of household solid waste management.

关键词： Influential factors Model Behavior Household waste management

Malignancy and mortality in a population-based cohort of patients with coeliac disease or ‘gluten sensitivity’

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第1期13卷 146-151页

作者： LA Anderson SA McMillan RGP Watson P Monaghan AT Gavin C Fox LJ murray Queen's University Belfast Centre for Clinical and Population Sciences Belfast United Kingdom Royal Group of Hospitals Regional Immunology Service Belfast United Kingdom Royal Group of Hospitals Institute of Clinical Science Belfast United Kingdom. Queen's University Belfast Northern Ireland Cancer Registry Belfast United Kingdom

AIM: To determine the risk of malignancy and mortality in patients with a positive endomysial or anti-gliadin an- tibody test in Northern Ireland. METHODS: A population-based retrospective cohort study design was used. Laboratory test results used in the diagnosis of coeliac disease were obtained from the Regional Immunology Laboratory, cancer statistics from the Northern Ireland Cancer Registry and mortal- ity statistics from the General Registrar Office, Northern Ireland. Age standardized incidence ratios of malignant neoplasms and standardized mortality ratios of all-cause and cause-specific mortality were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 13 338 people had an endomysial antibody and/or an anti-gliadin antibody test in Northern Ireland between 1993 and 1996. There were 490 pa- tients who tested positive for endomysial antibodies and they were assumed to have coeliac disease. There were 1133 patients who tested positive for anti-gliadin anti- bodies and they were defined as gluten sensitive. Ma- lignant neoplasms were not significantly associated with coeliac disease; however, all-cause mortality was signifi- cantly increased following diagnosis. The standardized incidence and mortality ratios for non-Hodgkin’s lym- phoma were increased in coeliac disease patients but did not reach statistical significance. Lung and breast cancer incidence were significantly lower and all-cause mortal-ity, mortality from malignant neoplasms, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and digestive system disorders were signifi- cantly higher in gluten sensitive patients compared to the Northern Ireland population. CONCLUSION: Patients with coeliac disease or gluten sensitivity had higher mortality rates than the Northern Ireland population. This association persists more than one year after diagnosis in patients testing positive for anti-gliadin antibodies. Breast cancer is significantly re- duced in the cohort of patients with gluten sensitivity.

关键词： Coeliac disease Cancer Mortality Gluten sensitivity

Clinical impact of hepatitis B and C virus envelope glycoproteins

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第5期19卷 654-664页

作者： Hélène Jeulin Aurélie Velay John murray Evelyne Schvoerer Virology Laboratory Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de NancyVandoeuvre-lès-NancyF-54511France EA RHEM 4369 Universitéde LorraineF-54000 NancyFrance School of Mathematics and Statistics University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia The kirby Institute University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia

Chronic infection by either hepatitis B virus(HBV)or hepatitis C virus(HCV)share epidemiological characteristics with risks for development of severe complications such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular *** and HCV also share a high genetic variability. Among highly variable regions,viral genes encoding surface proteins(hepatitis B surface antigen,E1/E2 HCV glycoproteins)play key roles in the stimulation of the host-related immune response and viral entry into *** segments of HBV envelope proteins(preS1,"a"determinant)are crucial in the entry process into permissive *** entry is a complex multistep process involving multiple cell cofactors (glycosaminoglycans,low density lipoprotein receptor, SR-B1,CD81,claudin-1,occludin,EGFR,EphA2)in the interaction with HCV E1/E2 envelope *** vitro both viruses can be controlled by antibody-me-diated neutralization targeting viral envelope,also essential in preventing HBV infection in vivo as observed through successful vaccination using HBs *** preventive vaccination and/or therapeutic pressure can influence HBV and HCV *** HBV,the patterns of antiviral drug resistance in chronic hepatitis are complex and the original pol/S gene overlap has to be taken into ***-induced HBV mutations in pol could indeed generate S mutants with subsequent modified antigenicity or increased cancer *** of HBV and HCV envelope proteins combining high exposure to selective pressures and crucial functional roles require investigation in the context of diagnostic,vaccination and treatment *** this editorial a synthesis is performed of HBV and HCV envelope properties at the entry step and as antigenic proteins,and the subsequent clinical impact.

关键词： Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Viral envelope glycoproteins Clinical outcome