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Tuning the interfacial reaction environment via pH-dependent and induced ions to understand C–N bonds coupling performance in NO3- integrated CO2 reduction to carbon and nitrogen compounds over dual Cu-based N-doped carbon catalyst

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 273-285页

作者： Tianhang Zhou Chen Shen Zhenghao Wu Xingying lan Yi Xiao College of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Institute of Materials Science TU Darmstadt Department of Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering and Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology University of Waterloo Waterloo

Dual atomic catalysts （DAC）,particularly copper （Cu2）-based nitrogen （N） doped graphene,show great potential to effectively convert CO2and nitrate （NO3-） into important industrial chemicals such as ethylene,glycol,acetamide,and urea through an efficient catalytical process that involves C–C and C–N ***,the origin of the coupling activity remained unclear,which substantially hinders the rational design of Cu-based catalysts for the N-integrated CO2reduction reaction （CO2RR）.To address this challenge,this work performed advanced density functional theory calculations incorporating explicit solvation based on a Cu2-based N-doped carbon (Cu2N6C10) catalyst for *** calculations are aimed to gain insight into the reaction mechanisms for the synthesis of ethylene,acetamide,and urea via coupling in the interfacial reaction *** to the sluggishness of CO2,the formation of a solvation electric layer by anions （F-,Cl-,Br-,and I-） and cations (Na+,Mg2+,k+,and Ca2+) leads to electron transfer towards the Cu *** process significantly accelerates the reduction of *** results reveal that*CO intermediates play a pivotal role in N-integrated ***,the Cu2-based N-doped carbon catalyst examined in this study has demonstrated the most potential for C–N coupling to *** findings reveal that through the process of a condensation reaction between*CO and NH2OH for urea synthesis,*NO3-is reduced to*NH3,and*CO2to*CCO at dual Cu atom *** dual-site reduction facilitates the synthesis of acetamide through a nucleophilic reaction between NH3and the ketene ***,we found that the I-and Mg2+ions,influenced by pH,were highly effective for acetamide and ammonia synthesis,except when F-and Ca2+were ***,the mechanisms of C–N bond formation were investigated via ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations,and we found that adjusting the micro-environment can change the dominant side reaction,shift

关键词： Condensation reactions

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Robust interface and excellent as-built mechanical properties of Ti–6Al–4V fabricated through laser-aided additive manufacturing with powder and wire

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 154-168页

作者： Fei Weng Guijun Bi Youxiang Chew Shang Sui Chaolin Tan Zhenglin Du Jinlong Su Fern lan Ng key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials Ministry of EducationShandong Engineering&Technology Research Center for Superhard MaterialSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan 250061China Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510095China Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology 5 Cleantech Loop636732Singapore

The feasibility of manufacturing Ti-6Al-4V samples through a combination of laser-aided additive manufacturing with powder(LAAM_(p))and wire(LAAM_(w))was explored.A process study was first conducted to successfully circumvent defects in Ti-6Al-4V deposits for LAAM_(p) and LAAM_(w),*** the optimized process parameters,robust interfaces were achieved between powder/wire deposits and the forged substrate,as well as between powder and wire *** characterization results revealed the epitaxial prior β grains in the deposited Ti-6Al-4V,wherein the powder deposit was dominated by a finerα′microstructure and the wire deposit was characterized by lamellar α *** mechanisms of microstructure formation and correlation with mechanical behavior were analyzed and *** mechanical properties of the interfacial samples can meet the requirements of the relevant Aerospace Material Specifications(AMS 6932)even without post heat *** fracture occurred within the interfacial area,further suggesting the robust *** findings of this study highlighted the feasibility of combining LAAM_(p) and LAAM_(w) in the direct manufacturing of Ti-6Al-4V parts in accordance with the required dimensional resolution and deposition rate,together with sound strength and ductility balance in the as-built condition.

关键词： laser-aided additive manufacturing powder deposition wire deposition interfacial characteristic mechanical behavior

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Studies of laser-plasma interaction physics with low-density targets for direct-drive inertial confinement fusion on the Shenguang III prototype

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2021年第2期6卷 54-66页

作者： V.T.Tikhonchuk T.Gong N.Jourdain O.Renner F.P.Condamine k.Q.Pan W.Nazarov L.Hudec J.Limpouch R.Liska M.krus F.Wang D.Yang S.W.Li Z.C.Li Z.Y.Guan Y.G.Liu T.Xu X.S.Peng X.M.Liu Y.L.Li J.Li T.M.Song J.M.Yang S.E.Jiang B.H.Zhang W.Y.Huo G.Ren Y.H.Chen W.Zheng Y.k.Ding k.lan S.Weber ELI-Beamlines Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of Sciences25241 Dolni BrezanyCzech Republic Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications University of Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA33405 TalenceFrance Laser Fusion Research Center China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China Institute of Plasma Physics Czech Academy of Sciences18200 PragueCzech Republic Independent Foam Target Supplier CarnoustieDD76DPUnited Kingdom Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague11519 PragueCzech Republic Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100088China Center for Applied Physics and Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Science Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

The physics of laser-plasma interaction is studied on the Shenguang III prototype laser facility under conditions relevant to inertial confinement fusion designs.A sub-millimeter-size underdense hot plasma is created by ionization of a low-density plastic foam by four high-energy(3.2 kJ)laser *** interaction beam is fired with a delay permitting evaluation of the excitation of parametric instabilities at different stages of plasma *** diagnostics are used for plasma characterization,scattered radiation,and accelerated *** experimental results are analyzed with radiation hydrodynamic simulations that take account of foam ionization and *** measured level of stimulated Raman scattering is almost one order of magnitude larger than that measured in experiments with gasbags and hohlraums on the same installation,possibly because of a greater plasma *** amplification is achieved in high-intensity speckles,indicating the importance of implementing laser temporal smoothing techniques with a large bandwidth for controlling laser propagation and absorption.

关键词： density. interaction scattered

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High-dimensional large-scale mixed-type data imputation under missing at random

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Science China Mathematics 2025年

作者： Wei Liu Guizhen Li Ling Zhou lan Luo School of Mathematics Sichuan University Center of Statistical Research and School of Statistics Southwestern University of Finance and Economics Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science University of Iowa

Missingness in mixed-type variables is commonly encountered in a variety of areas. The requirement of complete observations necessities data imputation when a moderate or large proportion of data is ***, inappropriate imputation would downgrade the performance of machine learning algorithms, leading to bad predictions and unreliable statistical inference. For high-dimensional large-scale mixed-type missing data, we develop a computationally efficient imputation method, missing value imputation via generalized factor models（MIG）, under missing at random. The proposed MIG method allows missing variables to be of different types,including continuous, binary, and count variables, and are scalable to both data size n and variable dimension p while existing imputation methods rely on restrictive assumptions such as the same type of missing variables,the low dimensionality of variables, and a limited sample size. We explicitly show that the imputation error of the proposed MIG method diminishes to zero with the rate Op(max{n-1/2, p-1/2}) as both n and p tend to infinity. Five real datasets demonstrate the superior empirical performance of the proposed MIG method over existing methods that the average normalized absolute imputation error is reduced by 5.3%–34.1%.

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Multiple Tin Compounds Modified Carbon Fibers to Construct Heterogeneous Interfaces for Corrosion Prevention and Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 507-527页

作者： Zhiqiang Guo Di lan Zirui Jia Zhenguo Gao Xuetao Shi Mukun He Hua Guo Guanglei Wu Pengfei Yin College of Science Sichuan Agricultural UniversityYa’an 625014People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Hubei University of Automotive TechnologyShiyan 442002People’s Republic of China Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment State Key Laboratory of Bio‑Fibers and Eco‑TextilesCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071People’s Republic of China Shaanxi key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710072People’s Republic of China

Currently,the demand for electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorbing materials with specific functions and capable of withstanding harsh environments is becoming increasingly ***-component interface engineering is considered an effective means to achieve high-efficiency EMW ***,interface modulation engineering has not been fully discussed and has great potential in the field of EMW *** this study,multi-component tin compound fiber composites based on carbon fiber(CF)substrate were prepared by electrospinning,hydrothermal synthesis,and high-temperature thermal *** utilizing the different properties of different substances,rich heterogeneous interfaces are *** effectively promotes charge transfer and enhances interfacial polarization and conduction *** prepared SnS/SnS_(2)/SnO_(2)/CF composites with abundant heterogeneous interfaces have and exhibit excellent EMW absorption properties at a loading of 50 wt%in epoxy *** minimum reflection loss(RL)is−46.74 dB and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth is 5.28 ***,SnS/SnS_(2)/SnO_(2)/CF epoxy composite coatings exhibited long-term corrosion resistance on Q235 steel ***,this study provides an effective strategy for the design of high-efficiency EMW absorbing materials in complex and harsh environments.

关键词： Electrostatic spinning Component regulation Heterogeneous interfaces Electromagnetic wave absorption Corrosion protection

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Gut microbiota-astrocyte axis: new insights into age-related cognitive decline

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 990-1008页

作者： lan Zhang Jingge Wei Xilei Liu Dai Li Xiaoqi Pang Fanglian Chen Hailong Cao Ping Lei Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Department of GeriatricsTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina Tianjin Geriatrics Institute Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tianjin Medical University General HospitalNational Key Clinical SpecialtyTianjin Institute of Digestive DiseasesTianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseasesTianjinChina Department of Urology Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina Tianjin Neurological Institution Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina

With the rapidly aging human population,age-related cognitive decline and dementia are becoming increasingly prevalent *** is considered the main risk factor for cognitive decline and acts through alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota,microbial metabolites,and the functions of *** microbiota–gut–brain axis has been the focus of multiple studies and is closely associated with cognitive *** article provides a comprehensive review of the specific changes that occur in the composition of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in older individuals and discusses how the aging of astrocytes and reactive astrocytosis are closely related to age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative *** article also summarizes the gut microbiota components that affect astrocyte function,mainly through the vagus nerve,immune responses,circadian rhythms,and microbial ***,this article summarizes the mechanism by which the gut microbiota–astrocyte axis plays a role in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s *** findings have revealed the critical role of the microbiota–astrocyte axis in age-related cognitive decline,aiding in a deeper understanding of potential gut microbiome-based adjuvant therapy strategies for this condition.

关键词： age aging Alzheimer’s disease astrocytes cognitive decline dementia gut microbiota gut–brain axis microbial metabolites neuroinflammation Parkinson’s disease

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Small extracellular vesicles derived from human induced pluripotent stem cell-differentiated neural progenitor cells mitigate retinal ganglion cell degeneration in a mouse model of optic nerve injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 587-597页

作者： Tong Li Hui-Min Xing Hai-Dong Qian Qiao Gao Sheng-lan Xu Hua Ma Zai-Long Chi State key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Optometry and Visual ScienceEye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

Several studies have found that transplantation of neural progenitor cells(NPCs)promotes the survival of injured ***,a poor integration rate and high risk of tumorigenicity after cell transplantation limits their clinical *** extracellular vesicles(sEVs)contain bioactive molecules for neuronal protection and *** studies have shown that stem/progenitor cell-derived sEVs can promote neuronal survival and recovery of neurological function in neurodegenerative eye diseases and other eye *** this study,we intravitreally transplanted sEVs derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs)and hiPSCs-differentiated NPCs(hiPSC-NPC)in a mouse model of optic nerve *** results show that these intravitreally injected sEVs were ingested by retinal cells,especially those localized in the ganglion cell *** with hiPSC-NPC-derived sEVs mitigated optic nerve crush-induced retinal ganglion cell degeneration,and regulated the retinal microenvironment by inhibiting excessive activation of *** analysis further revealed that hiPSC-NPC derived sEVs transported neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory miRNA cargos to target cells,which had protective effects on RGCs after optic nerve *** findings suggest that sEVs derived from hiPSC-NPC are a promising cell-free therapeutic strategy for optic neuropathy.

关键词： exosome miRNA neural progenitor cell neurodegeneration neuroinflammation neuroprotection optic nerve crush optic neuropathy retinal ganglion cell small extracellular vesicles

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Laser image refractive index sensor based on the combination of a coreless optical fiber and a digital camera

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第2期 65-68页

作者： GUO Jingzhong lan Feng CHEN Xiang LIU Haifeng Xi'an Institute of Space Radio Technology key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering Nankai University

As a laser passes through a scattering medium,the light interacts with the irregular reflections within the medium,resulting in light scattering and the formation of *** this paper,an image sensor based on the combination of a coreless optical fiber and a digital camera is proposed for liquid refractive index sensing *** coreless fiber is used as a sensing unit,and the change in the speckle pattern is measured using the digital correlation method to detect the magnitude of the liquid's refractive *** experimental results indicate that the laser image sensing technique is capable of effectively distinguishing liquid samples with refractive indices ranging from 1.332 8 to1.390 8,with a sensing sensitivity of-1.306 ***,the laser image sensing technique,with its advantages of high experimental reproducibility,simple system design,remote over-control,holds great research significance and potential application in laser communication and sensor integration.

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Ni-catalyzed cross-electrophile alkyl-alkyl coupling reactions

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Li-Xu You lan Tian Chun-Ling Guo Shun-Xi Li Yu-Cheng Liu Yu-Long Li Wei Shu College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis of Higher Education Institutes of Sichuan Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Guangming Advanced Research Institute Shenzhen Grubbs Institute Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology

Introducing saturated carbon-carbon bonds into organic molecules significantly increases the three-dimensional configuration,thus altering the physical and chemical properties as well as the functions of molecules. Transition-metal-catalyzed carboncarbon cross-couplings represent one of the most straightforward, efficient and modular alternatives to build saturation in a single step. However, the efficient construction of alkyl-alkyl bonds remains a formidable challenge due to the precise manipulation of multiple alkyl metallic intermediates as well as associated competitive side reactions and selectivity control. Over the past years, Ni-catalyzed cross-coupling under reductive conditions has gained more and more attention for alkyl-alkyl crosscoupling partially attributing to the low-valent state of metal centers under reducing conditions, which suppresses the competitive β-hydride elimination process, thus facilitating the formation of alkyl-alkyl bonds. In this review, the initiative and progress of Ni-catalyzed cross-electrophile alkyl-alkyl cross-coupling, including the efforts in racemic and enantioselective formation of alkyl-alkyl bonds, have been summarized and discussed. Moreover, the challenges and further opportunities in this area have also been discussed.

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Physarum polycephalum-inspired adaptive optimization design of artificial microtubular networks

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Si-Min Zeng Di-Wei Zheng Ting Pan Xing-lan Ding Yun Zhang Chi-Hui Yang Si-Xue Cheng Xian-Zheng Zhang key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education&Department of Chemistry Wuhan University

Natural biological microtubular networks have undergone adaptive evolutionary selection and may offer viable solutions to design challenges in artificial microtubular networks. The plasmodium of the slime mold Physarum polycephalum(P. polycephalum) extends continuously to form a protoplasmic microtubular network structure, directly connecting food *** simulations revealed that the formation of this adaptive P. polycephalum microtubular network could be captured by a mathematical algorithm. Inspired by the P. polycephalum microtubular networks, we propose an adaptive optimization design method for artificial microtubular networks. Specifically, we utilized hydrogels with biodegradable and tissue-adhesive properties to replicate the P. polycephalum microtubular networks via photomask. In Rhodamine B diffusion and glucosecatalyzed reaction experiments, we found that the P. polycephalum microtubular networks exhibited significantly enhanced efficiency compared to vascular and artificial networks. Furthermore, we demonstrated the potential for uric acid(UA) degradation of the hydrogels with a real P. polycephalum microtubular network loaded with urate oxidase(UOx) in a rodent model of hyperuricemia. And this network achieved more than double the effect of the artificial network. This underscores the potential of natural microtubular networks to replace artificial microtubular networks.

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