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MOSFET-like CNFET based logic gate library for low-power application:a comparative study

Journal of Semiconductors 2014年第7期35卷 112-124页

作者： P.A.Gowri Sankar k.udhayakumar Department of Electrical Engineering Anna University

The next generation oflogic gate devices are expected to depend upon radically new technologies mainly due to the increasing difficulties and limitations of existing CMOS technology. MOSFET like CNFETs should ideally be the best devices to work with for high-performance VLS1. This paper presents results of a comprehensive comparative study of MOSFET-like carbon nanotube field effect transistors （CNFETs） technology based logic gate library for high-speed, low-power operation than conventional bulk CMOS libraries. It focuses on comparing four promising logic families namely： complementary-CMOS （C-CMOS）, transmission gate （TG）, complementary pass logic （CPL） and Domino logic （DL） styles are presented. Based on these logic styles, the proposed library of static and dynamic NAND-NOR logic gates, XOR, multiplexer and full adder functions are implemented efficiently and carefully analyzed with a test bench to measure propagation delay and power dissipation as a function of supply voltage. This analysis provides the right choice of logic style for low-power, high-speed applications. Proposed logic gates libraries are simulated using Synopsys HSPICE based on the standard 32 nm CNFET model. The simulation results demonstrate that, it is best to use C-CMOS logic style gates that are implemented in CNFET technology which are superior in performance compared to other logic styles, because of their low average powerdelay-product （PDP）. The analysis also demonstrates how the optimum supply voltage varies with logic styles in ultra-low power systems. The robustness of the proposed logic gate library is also compared with conventional and state-art of CMOS logic gate libraries.

关键词： CNFET digital integrated circuits logic gate design low-voltage low-power logic styles

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Mittag-Leffler stability analysis of multiple equilibrium points in impulsive fractional-order quaternion-valued neural networks

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2020年第2期21卷 234-246页

作者： k.udhayakumar R.RAkkIYAPPAN Jin-de CAO Xue-gang TAN Department of Mathematics Hhamthiar Universityf Coimbatore 641046India School of Mathematics Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China School of Automation Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China

In this study,we investigate the problem of multiple Mittag-Leffler stability analysis for fractional-order quaternion-valued neural networks(QVNNs)with *** the geometrical properties of activation functions and the Lipschitz condition,the existence of the equilibrium points is *** addition,the global Mittag-Leffler stability of multiple equilibrium points for the impulsive fractional-order QVNNs is investigated by employing the Lyapunov direct ***,simulation is performed to illustrate the effectiveness and validity of the main results obtained.

关键词： Mittag-Leffler stability Fractional-order Quaternion-valued neural networks Impulse

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Intrumer:A Multi Module Distributed Explainable IDS/IPS for Securing Cloud Environment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 579-607页

作者： Nazreen Banu A S.k.B.Sangeetha Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyVadapalani CampusChennai600026Tamil NaduIndia

The increasing use of cloud-based devices has reached the critical point of cybersecurity and unwanted network *** environments pose significant challenges in maintaining privacy and *** approaches,such as IDS,have been developed to tackle these ***,most conventional Intrusion Detection System(IDS)models struggle with unseen cyberattacks and complex high-dimensional *** fact,this paper introduces the idea of a novel distributed explainable and heterogeneous transformer-based intrusion detection system,named INTRUMER,which offers balanced accuracy,reliability,and security in cloud settings bymultiplemodulesworking together within *** traffic captured from cloud devices is first passed to the TC&TM module in which the Falcon Optimization Algorithm optimizes the feature selection process,and Naie Bayes algorithm performs the classification of *** selected features are classified further and are forwarded to the Heterogeneous Attention Transformer(HAT)*** this module,the contextual interactions of the network traffic are taken into account to classify them as normal or malicious *** classified results are further analyzed by the Explainable Prevention Module(XPM)to ensure trustworthiness by providing interpretable *** the explanations fromthe classifier,emergency alarms are transmitted to nearby IDSmodules,servers,and underlying cloud devices for the enhancement of preventive *** experiments on benchmark IDS datasets CICIDS 2017,Honeypots,and NSL-kDD were conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the INTRUMER model in detecting network trafficwith high accuracy for different *** outperforms state-of-the-art approaches,obtaining better performance metrics:98.7%accuracy,97.5%precision,96.3%recall,and 97.8%*** results validate the robustness and effectiveness of INTRUMER in securing diverse cloud environments against sophisticated cyber threats.

关键词： Cloud computing intrusion detection system transformers and explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)

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Effects of P301L-TAU on post-translational modifications of microtubules in human iPSC-derived cortical neurons and TAU transgenic mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2348-2360页

作者： Mohamed Aghyad Al kabbani Christoph köhler Hans Zempel Institute of Human Genetics Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne(CMMC) University of CologneCologneGermany Center Anatomy Department ⅡMedical FacultyUniversity of CologneCologneGermany

TAU is a microtubule-associated protein that promotes microtubule assembly and stability in the *** is missorted and aggregated in an array of diseases known as *** are essential for neuronal function and regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications,changes of which affect microtubule stability and dynamics,microtubule interaction with other proteins and cellular structures,and mediate recruitment of microtubule-severing *** impairment of microtubule dynamics causes neuronal dysfunction,we hypothesize cognitive impairment in human disease to be impacted by impairment of microtubule *** therefore aimed to study the effects of a disease-causing mutation of TAU(P301L)on the levels and localization of microtubule post-translational modifications indicative of microtubule stability and dynamics,to assess whether P301L-TAU causes stability-changing modifications to *** investigate TAU localization,phosphorylation,and effects on tubulin post-translational modifications,we expressed wild-type or P301L-TAU in human MAPT-kO induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons(i Neurons)and studied TAU in neurons in the hippocampus of mice transgenic for human P301L-TAU(p R5 mice).Human neurons expressing the longest TAU isoform(2N4R)with the P301L mutation showed increased TAU phosphorylation at the AT8,but not the p-Ser-262 epitope,and increased polyglutamylation and acetylation of microtubules compared with endogenous TAU-expressing neurons.P301L-TAU showed pronounced somatodendritic presence,but also successful axonal enrichment and a similar axodendritic distribution comparable to exogenously expressed 2N4R-wildtype-TAU.P301L-TAU-expressing hippocampal neurons in transgenic mice showed prominent missorting and tauopathy-typical AT8-phosphorylation of TAU and increased polyglutamylation,but reduced acetylation,of microtubules compared with non-transgenic *** sum,P301L-TAU results in changes in micr

关键词： human induced pluripotent stem cell microtubules P301L pR5 mice TAU tauopathy tubulin code

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Tight Focusing Properties of Radially Polarized Gaussian Beams with Pair of Vortices

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Chinese Physics Letters 2016年第12期33卷 73-76页

作者： *** k.B.Rajesh M.udhayakumar Z.Jaroszewicz T.V.S.Pillai Department of Physics St.Xavier's Catholic College of EngineeringNagercoilIndia Department of Physics Chikkanna Government Arts College Department of Physical Optics Institute of Applied OpticsPolandand National Institute of Telecommunications Department of Physics University College of EngineeringNagercoilIndia

The tight focusing properties of a radially polarized Gaussian beam with a nested pair of vortices having a radial wave front distribution are investigated theoretically by the vector diffraction theory. The results show that the optical intensity in the focal region can be altered considerably by changing the location of the vortices nested in a radially polarized Gaussian beam. It is noted that focal evolution from one annular focal pattern to a highly confined focal spot in the transverse direction is observed corresponding to the change in the location of the optical vortices in the input plane. It is also observed that the generated focal hole or spot lead to a focal shift along the optical axis remarkably under proper radial phase modulation. Hence the proposed system may be applied to construct tunable optical traps for both high and low refractive index particles.

关键词： of is on in for Tight Focusing Properties of Radially Polarized Gaussian Beams with Pair of Vortices with

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Human endogenous retrovirus type-W and multiple sclerosis–related smoldering neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 813-814页

作者： Joel Gruchot Laura Reiche Andrew Chan Robert Hoepner Patrick küry Department of Neurology Medical Faculty and University Hospital DüsseldorfHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Department of Neurology InselspitalBern University Hospital and University of BernBernSwitzerland

Introduction to human endogenous retrovirus type-W(HERV-W): Genomic inheritance from the past includes retroviral sequences that have been stably incorporated into our genomes and account for up to 8% of human DNA.

关键词： endogenous inflammation Human

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Nucleoside modified mRNA-lipid nanoparticles as a new delivery platform for the repair of the injured spinal cord

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2311-2312页

作者： krisztián Pajer Tamás Bellák Antal Nógrádi Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary

Spinal cord injury and treatment opportunities:The adult mammalian spinal cord has a very limited capacity for spontaneous regeneration due to various intrinsic molecular and cellular *** the spinal cord neurons have the capacity to regenerate their axons,the expression of growth inhibitory factors,lack or suppression of proper guidance cues,and profound inflammatory responses do not permit successful regeneration(khyeam et al.,2021).

关键词： injured capacity modified

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Regression analysis of squeezing-induced hybrid nanofluid flow in Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 193-208页

作者： k.MUHAMMAD M.SARFRAZ Department of Humanities and Sciences School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National University of Sciences and Technology Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University

This article presents a mathematical model addressing a scenario involving a hybrid nanofluid flow between two infinite parallel plates. One plate remains stationary, while the other moves downward at a squeezing velocity. The space between these plates contains a Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium. A mixture of water-based fluid with gold(Au) and silicon dioxide(Si O2) nanoparticles is formulated. In contrast to the conventional Fourier's heat flux equation, this study employs the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux equation. A uniform magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the flow direction, invoking magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) effects. Further, the model accounts for Joule heating, which is the heat generated when an electric current passes through the fluid. The problem is solved via NDSolve in MATHEMATICA. Numerical and statistical analyses are conducted to provide insights into the behavior of the nanomaterials between the parallel plates with respect to the flow, energy transport, and skin *** findings of this study have potential applications in enhancing cooling systems and optimizing thermal management strategies. It is observed that the squeezing motion generates additional pressure gradients within the fluid, which enhances the flow rate but reduces the frictional drag. Consequently, the fluid is pushed more vigorously between the plates, increasing the flow velocity. As the fluid experiences higher flow rates due to the increased squeezing effect, it spends less time in the region between the plates. The thermal relaxation, however, abruptly changes the temperature, leading to a decrease in the temperature fluctuations.

关键词： Nanofluidics

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An integrated new threshold FCMs Markov chain based forecasting model for analyzing the power of stock trading trend

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Financial Innovation 2019年第1期5卷 600-618页

作者： kavitha Ganesan udhayakumar Annamalai Nagarajan Deivanayagampillai Department of Mathematics Hindustan Institute of Technology&SciencePadurChennaiTamil Nadu 603103India

This paper explores the power of stock trading trend using an integrated New ThresholdFuzzy Cognitive Maps(NTFCMs)Markov chain *** new model captures thepositive as well as the negative jumps and predicts the trend for different stocks over 4months which follow an uptrend,downtrend and a mixed *** mean absolute percent error(MAPE)tolerance limits,the root mean square error(RMSE)tolerance limits aredetermined for various stock indices over a multi-timeframe period and observed for theexisting methods lying within the defined *** results show for every‘n’number ofpredictions made,the predicted close value of the day’s stock price was within tolerancelimit with 0%error and with 100%accuracy in predicting the future trend.

关键词： Financial markets Prediction intervals Price forecasting Comparative studies Decision making Fuzzy cognitive maps(FCMs) Markov chain

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Effects of Continuous Steaming on Milling Characteristics of Two Indica Rice Varieties

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Rice science 2013年第4期20卷 309-312页

作者： N.VENkATACHALAPATHY R.udhayakumar Indian Institute of Crop Processing Technology ThanjavurTamil Nadu 613005India Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Gandhigram Rural InstituteGandhigramTamil Nadu 624302India

Parboiling improves milling characteristics of rice in a positive manner, which has been found to influence consumers demand and acceptability. A laboratory model of continuous steaming unit was fabricated and tested with two indica rice varieties, fine （ADT39） and coarse （CO43） rice, at three different soaking temperatures （50, 60 and 70 ~C） for 4 h and five residence times of steaming （1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 min）. The effects of continuous steaming on milling characteristics of rice were studied and compared with the values obtained from the control experiment （open steaming process under laboratory conditions）. The favourable conditions for continuous parboiling of the fine variety ADT39 were identified as soaking at 70 ~C for 4 h and 3.0 min residence time of Steaming. These conditions showed head rice outturn of 74.0%. The favourable processing conditions for the coarse variety CO43 were found to be 4 h of soaking at 60 ~C and steaming of 3.0 min residence time, and at these conditions the head rice outturn was 73.9%.

关键词： rice steaming parboiling milling characteristic

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