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Assessing the efficacy of health countermeasures on arrival time of infectious diseases

Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第2期8卷 603-616页

作者： YusuK. Asai Disease Control and Prevention Center National Center for Global Health and Medicine1-21-1 ToyamaShinjuku-kuTokyo162-8655Japan

Public health measures to control the international spread of infectious diseases include strengthening quarantines and sealing borders.Although these measures are effective in delaying the importation of infectious diseases,they also have a significant economic impact by stopping the flow of people and goods.The arrival time of infectious diseases is often used to assess quarantine effectiveness.Although the arrival time is highly dependent on the number of infected cases in the endemic country,direct comparisons have not yet been made.Therefore,this study derives an explicit relationship between the number of infected cases and arrival time.Transmission behavior is stochastic,and deterministic models are not always realistic.In this study,random differential equations,which are differential equations with stochastic processes,were used to describe the dynamics of infection in an endemic country.Furthermore,the flow of travelers from the endemic country was described in terms of survival time,and the arrival time in each country was calculated.A scenario in which PCR k.ts were distributed between endemic and diseasefree countries was also considered,and the impact of different distribution rates on arrival time was evaluated.The simulation results showed that increasing the distribution of PCR k.ts in the endemic country was more effective in delaying arrival times than using PCR k.ts in quarantine in disease-free countries.It was also found that increasing the proportion of identified infected persons in the endemic country,leading to isolation,was more important and effective in delaying arrival times than increasing the number of PCR tests.

关键词： Epidemic model Arrival time Health countermeasures Quarantine Random ODE

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EFFECT OF INTERMITTENT HIGH FREQUENCY MAGNETIC FIELD ON INITIAL SOLIDIFICATION IN CONTINUOUS CASTING

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1997年第2期10卷 151-156页

作者： Li, T.J. Sassa, k. asai, S. Dalian Univ of Technology Dalian China

Contacting state between molten metal and a mold and initial solidification process of continuously cast metals can be controlled by imposing an intermittent magnetic field.In this study, effect of the intermittent magnetic field on the initial solidification ofcontinuoasly cast metals was investigated by measuring the temperature distribution in the melt pool and the initial solidification starting position of shells. It was found that under the condition with intermittent magnetic field, the melt near meniscns is in slow cooling state, the initial solidification starting position descends, initial solidification shell thick.ns and the liquid-solid interface becomes smooth.

关键词： continuous casting initial solidification of metal surface quality of cast metal electromagnetic field

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Luminescence properties of Gd2Si2O7：Ce and Gd2Si2O7：La,Ce under vacuum ultraviolet irradiation

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Journal of Rare Earths 2016年第8期34卷 782-785页

作者： M.k.shimizu T.Yanagida Y.Fujimoto k.asai Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University 6-6-07 Aoba Aramaof Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579 Japan Graduate School of Materials Science Nara Institute of Science and Technology 8916-5 Takayama-Cho Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan

The luminescence properties of Ce- or Ce and La-doped gadolinium pyrosilicate （Gd2Si2OT, GPS） were characterized using vacuum ultraviolet （VUV） excitation light. A prominent emission band was observed in the luminescence spectra with excitation at 60 nm and ascribed to 5d-4f transition of Ce3＋. Because the excitation wavelength of 60 nm corresponded to the excitation in the host matrix, this result indicated that the excitation energy transfer occurred from the host matrix to Ce3＋ ions. On the basis of the rise in the luminescence time profiles with excitation at 60 nm, the energy transfer occurred within 2 ns, which was much shorter than that of Ce-doped Gd2SiO2. For Ce-doped GPS, the decay rate was slower for the host excitation than that for direct excitation of Ce3＋. In contrast, for Ce and La-doped GPS, no significant difference was observed for the host excitation and direct excitation of Ce3＋. This result indicated that the energy transfer from the host to Ce3＋ ions led to a different radiative decay process, and that La doping had an effect on the energy transfer and decay process.

关键词： energy transfer scintillation vacuum ultraviolet rare earths

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高性能的机械送苗烟草移载机

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国外烟草 1991年第1期 27-30,26页

作者： asai,k. 孙希芳

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Effects of urbanization on historical heritage buildings in k.mbak.nam, lamilnadu, India

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2019年第1期8卷 94-105页

作者： k. k.ruthiga k. Thirumaran Department of Architecture Notional Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli India

Urbanization is a com mon and inevitable occurrence everywhere. While growth and expa nsion are beneficial for many people and busin esses, there is a potential for loss of historical areas that are the heritage value to people. This paper investigates the effects of urbanization on the heritage buildings in the historical-heritage temple town of k.mbak.nam in Tamilnadu, India. Heritage temple towns are frequent targets for the rapid transition to urbanization that is often accompanied by alteration of historical areas. The primary objective of this study was to identify how urbanization could change the heritage characteristics in a temple town. An ordinal regression model was used to analyze urbanization data from the heritage town of k.mbak.nam. Our fin dings revealed specific physical, socioeconomic, and sociocultural factors of urbanization that caused identifiable and sign ifica nt changes in the heritage characteristics of k.mbak.on am. These factors play a significant role and would aid in the implementation of the Local Development Plan (LDP) for sustainable urban growth and preservation of the heritage character of k.mbak.nam.

关键词： Urbanization Built heritage Historic town k.mbak.nam

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Enhancement of Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Activities of ZnO：Ag Nanopowders Through the Addition of Bamboo Charcoal： An Efficient Natural Adsorbent

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第12期30卷 1249-1256页

作者： k. Nithiyadevi k. Ravichandran PG Research and Department of Physics AVVM Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous) Poondi Thanjavur Tamil Nadu 613 503 India Department of Physics Bharathidasan University Constituent College (Women) Orathanadu Tamil Nadu 614 625 India

This research article explains the removal of methylene blue （MB） and malachite green （MG） from aqueous solution using adsorption/photodegradation activity of ZnO：Ag/bamboo charcoal （BC） nanocomposite. In addition, the antibacterial studies of the prepared samples were tested against Staphylococcus aureus （S. aureus） Gram-positive and Escherichia coli （E. coli） Gram-negative bacteria by the well diffusion method. The ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite exhibits superior photocatalytic activity compared with ZnO：Ag. Remark.ble degradation efficiencies of 93.95% （MB） and 95.75% （MG） were recorded for ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite after 45 min. The degradation process follows a pseudo-first-order k.netics. The rate constant of ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite is two times greater than that of pristine ZnO nanopowder for the degradation of MB dye, while for MG dye degradation, it is three times. It is found that the ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite shows a higher rate of dye removal due to excellent adsorbing properties of bamboo charcoal （BC）. The ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite showed better antibacterial properties compared to ZnO：Ag. In this study, the samples were prepared using a simple and low-cost soft chemical route and they were characterized by optical, structural, surface morphological, antibacterial and photocatalytic properties. These characterization studies substantiate the discussions on the photocatalytic and antibacterial activities of the synthesized samples.

关键词： Bamboo charcoal Adsorbent ZnO Photocatalysis Antibacterial

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A Cooperative Approach of Frequency Regulation Through Virtual Inertia Control and Enhancement of Low Voltage Ride-through in DFIG-based Wind Farm

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第6期10卷 1519-1530页

作者： Preeti Verma Seethalek.hmi k. Bharti Dwivedi Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Engineering and TechnologyLucknow 226021Uttar PradeshIndiawhich is a constituent institute of Dr.A.P.J.Abdul Kalam Technical UniversityLucknowUttar Pradesh(U.P.)India IEEE

Doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG)-based wind farms(WFs)are interfaced with power electronic converters.Such interfaces are attributed to the low inertia generated in the WFs under high penetration and that becomes prevalent in a fault scenario.Therefore,transient stability enhancement along with frequency stability in DFIG-based WFs is a major concern in the present scenario.In this paper,a cooperative approach consisting of virtual inertia control(VIC)and a modified grid-side converter(GSC)approach for low voltage ride-through(LVRT)is proposed to achieve fault ride-through(FRT)capabilities as per the grid code requirements(GCRs)while providing frequency support to the grid through a synthetic inertia.The proposed approach provides LVRT and reactive power compensation in the system.The participation of the VIC in a rotor-side converter(RSC)provides frequency support to the DFIG-based WFs.The combined approach supports active power compensation and provides sufficient k.netic energy support to the system in a contingency scenario.Simulation studies are carried out in MATLAB/Simulink.environment for symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults.The superiority of the proposed scheme is demonstrated through analysis of the performance of the scheme and that of a series resonance bridge-type fault current limiter(SR-BFCL).

关键词： Virtual inertia controller(VIC) doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG) fault ride-through(FRT)capability wind farm(WF) fault current limiter(FCL)

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Pre-treatment of rock. prior to comminution--A critical review of present practices

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第2期27卷 339-348页

作者： Somani Aditya Nandi Tapas k. Pal Samir k. Majumder Arun k. Department of Mining Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India Cryogenic Engineering Centre Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India

It has been an established fact that comminution processes, crushing and grinding, are most energy intensive processes which account for more than half of the total energy consumed in mineral industries.Various alternative pre-treatment methods have been tried by experts around the globe. Although these methods yielded positive results in terms of reduction in energy consumption in crushing and particularly, in grinding operations at laboratory scale, their industrial application still remains an unresolved issue and challenge. Present review paper describes each one of these methods along with outcome of earlier studies and issues that need to be addressed through further rigorous experimental investigation.It also suggests the direction in which future studies can be carried out to meet the primary objective of mak.ng comminution processes more energy efficient than today they are.

关键词：粉碎过程预处理实验室规模岩石能源消耗工业应用前处理方法密集型

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Visual perception on the architectural elements of the built heritage of a historic temple town： A case study of k.mbak.nam, India

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2017年第1期6卷 96-107页

作者： k. k.ruthisa k. Thirumaran Department of Architecture National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli Tamilnadu 620015 India

This paper aims to investigate the changes in the virtual perception on the built heritage at the traditional core setttement of k.mbak.nam Town at Tamitnadu and to analyze their implica- tions. Specifically, the major objectives of the study are （1） to identify the architectural elements that manifest the built heritage of k.mbak.nam Town and （2） to assess the contMbutions of these elements to the changes in the visuat perception of the town. To achieve these objectives, this study adopts an empirical model that analyzes the architectural elements of the buildings in the study area. Direct observations and documentations of 373 buildings are collected to analyze those etements that contribute to the changes in the visual perception on the built heritage of k.mbak.nam Town. An ordinary regression model is used to examine the characteristics of the built heritage across the chariot processional route of the town. Several architectural elements, including pitasters, horizontal cornices, arched windows, and ornamental parapets, improve the image of the town. These empirical findings support the policy framework.that enhances the visual perception of k.mbak.nam Town.

关键词： Visual perception Built heritage Ordinal regression Architectural ele-ments Historic town

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Cloning ＆ sequence identification of Hsp27 gene and expression analysis of the protein on thermal stress in Lucilia cuprina

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Insect Science 2016年第4期23卷 555-568页

作者： Manish k. Singh Pramod k. Tiwari Center for Genomics Molecular & Human Genetics Jiwaji University Gwafior 474011 Cytogenetics Laboratory Department of Zoology Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India

Hsp27, a highly conserved small molecular weight heat shock.protein, is widely k.own to be developmentally regulated and heat inducible. Its role in thermotolerance is also implicated. This study is a sequel of our earlier studies to understand the molecular organization of heat shock.genes/proteins and their role in development and thermal adaptation in a sheep pest, Lucilia cuprina （blowfly）, which exhibits unusually high adaptability to a variety of environmental stresses, including heat and chemicals. In this report our aim was to understand the evolutionary relationship of Lucilia hsp27 gene/protein with those of other species and its role in thermal adaptation. We sequence characterized the Lchsp27 gene （coding region） and analyzed its expression in various larval and adult tissues under normal as well as heat shock.conditions. The nucleotide sequence analysis of 678 bps long-coding region of Lchsp27 exhibited closest evolutionary proximity with Drosophila （90.09%）, which belongs to the same order, Diptera. Heat shock.caused significant en- hancement in the expression ofLchsp27 gene in all the larval and adult tissues examined, however, in a tissue specific manner. Significantly, in Malpighian tubules, while the heatinduced level ofhsp27 transcript （mRNA） appeared increased as compared to control, the protein level remained unaltered and nuclear localized. We infer that Lchsp27 may have significant role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, particularly, during summer months, when the fly remains exposed to high heat in its natural habitat.

关键词： heat shock.protein Hsp27 Lucilia cuprina thermal stress

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